2025届高考英语二轮复习专项 语法专题复习之定语从句 课件（共58张PPT，内嵌视频）

(共58张PPT)
二轮复习之定语从句
1.定义
Lead-in
看歌词，判断从句
She looks so sexy when she’s walking the sand.
She is the one that you never forget.
She is the heaven-sent angel you met.
Oh, she must be the reason why God made a girl.
Trust in eternity that’s what she gives.
状从
定从
定从
定从
表从
1.定义：用来修饰名词或代词的从句
She is the one that you never forget.
She is the heaven-sent angel you met.
Oh, she must be the reason why God made a girl.
根据词性，复习定义
2.结构
2.结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句
She is the one that you never forget.
被修饰的词
先行词
定语从句
关系词
关系词的作用：
①引导：引导定语从句
②替代：替代先行词
③成分：充当成分
先行词 所作成分 指人 指物 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语
关系代词 that
which
who
whom
whose
as
关系副词 when
where
why
时间名词
地点名词
reason
抽背 先行词 所作成分 指人 指物 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语
关系代词 that
which
who
whom
whose
as
关系副词 when
where
why
时间名词
地点名词
reason
合并句子
①The woman is a teacher.
The woman lives next door.
The woman who/that lives next door is a teacher.
②The nurse is kind.
The nurse looks after my sister.
The nurse who/that looks after my sister is kind.
合并句子
③Kevin is reading a book.
The book is too difficult for him.
Kevin is reading a book that/which is too difficult for him.
④Have you seen my book
The book’s cover is red.
Have you seen my book whose cover is red
3.解题步骤
3.解题步骤
确定先行词
找准定语从句
判断从句是否缺少成分(主宾表定)
选择恰当的关系词
判断从句（定从/名从/状从）
3.解题步骤
定语从句缺成分（缺主宾表定），选关系代词
定于从句不缺成分，选关系副词
常见不及物动词：agree, talk, work, disagree, stay, appear, come, go, rise, die, happen, lie, sit, arrive...
练习
1. I’ll never forget the day ______ we met.
2. I’ll never forget the day __________ we spent together.
3. I went to the place __________ I worked ten years ago.
4. I went to the place __________ I visited ten years ago.
5. This is the reason __________ he was late.
6. This is the reason __________ he gave.
when
that/which
where
that/which
why
that/which
4.考点
4.1定语从句主谓一致
定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致
The cakes which _____(be) on the table are yours.
Anyone who ______ (have) questions to ask, please come to my office this afternoon
Not only some international stars, but also the Chinese singer and dancer ________ (give) wonderful performances at the concert recently.
are
has
has given
4.1定语从句主谓一致
先行词为“one of +复数名词时，从句谓语动词用复数
先行词为the (only/very) one of+复数名词，从句谓语动词用单数
John is one of the students who ______ (have) the keys.
John is the one of the students who _____ (have)the keys.
have
has
4.2只用that/which/who的情况
①Do you have anything _____ you don't understand
②There is little work _____ is suitable for you.
③This is the best film _____ I have ever seen.
④The only thing _____ I can do is to leave.
⑤They talked about the persons and things _____ they remembered.
⑥Who is the lady _____ is playing the piano
that
that
that
that
that
that
4.2只用that/which/who的情况
只用that的情况
①先行词是all，everything，anything，nothing，something，little，much，none，few，the one等不定代词时
②先行词被all，any，few，every，no，little，much，some等修饰时
①Do you have anything that you don't understand
②There is little work that is suitable for you.
4.2只用that/which/who的情况
只用that的情况
③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级时
④先行词被the only，the very (正是，恰是), the last修饰时
③This is the best film that I have ever seen.
④The only thing that I can do is to leave.
4.2只用that/which/who的情况
只用that的情况
⑤先行词既有人又有物时
⑥当主句是以which, who开头的特殊疑问句时
⑤They talked about the persons and things that they remembered.
⑥Who is the lady that is playing the piano
4.2只用that/which/who的情况
①Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.
②The day on ______ he was born was Feb. 20th, 2024.
③What is that ______ is on the table
④He finished the task in three days, ______, I thought, was impossible.
which
which
which
which
4.2只用that/which/who的情况
只用which的情况
①引导非限制性定语从句时
②先行词为物时，介词+which
①Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office.
②The day on which he was born was Feb. 20th, 2024.
4.2只用that/which/who的情况
只用which的情况
③先行词本身是that时
④关系代词后有插入语时
③What is that which is on the table
④He finished the task in three days, which, I thought, was impossible.
4.2只用that/which/who的情况
只用which的情况
①引导非限制性定语从句时
②先行词为物，介词+which
③先行词本身是that时
④关系代词后有插入语时
4.2只用that/which/who的情况
只用who的情况
①Anyone _____ breaks the law should be punished.
②God helps those _____ help themselves.
③There is a man _____ wants to see you.
who
who
who
4.2只用that/which/who的情况
只用who的情况
①先行词是指人的不定代词时，如one, ones, anyone；
②先行词是指人的those, he, people时
③there be 结构中的主语是指人的名词时
①Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
②God helps those who help themselves.
③There is a man who wants to see you.
练习（基础版）
①This is one of the best films_____have been shown this year.
②They arrived at a farmhouse,in front of ______sat a small boy.
③Is Oxygen the only gas ______ helps fire burn
④The newcomer is from Japan, ______I can tell from his appearance.
⑤I’m interested in all ______ you have said.
that
which
that
which
that
练习
（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
（2020江苏,21）Many lessons are now available online, from ______ students can choose for free.
（2017乙卷(全国Ι),70）Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, ______ is not good for the health.
that
which
which
练习
The Wuyi Mountain National Park experimental area is the only park in China ______ is listed as a UNESCO cultural and natural heritage site.
Gabriel’s study found that people _____ have strong bonds to others are more likely to use comfort foods after an argument or other emotionally stressful occasion.
These are the famous chime-bells(编钟) of Marquis Yi of the Zeng State,the largest and most complete set of chime-bells ______ exists today in China.
that
who
that
练习
As the first route ______ introduced the Eastern world to the Western civilization, the Silk Road in China can date from the Han dynasty in ancient China.
The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
that
that
4.2 which和as
观察句子
As anybody can see，the elephant is like a snake.
The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
She married again，which was unexpected.
4.2 which和as
We have found the same materials ______ are used in their factory.
These houses are sold at such a low price ______ people expected.
as引导限制性定语从句主要用于the same...as...，such...as...和so...as...结构中
as
as
4.2 which和as
关系词 位置不同 表意不同
as 主句前，主句中 主句后 意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动词多用see，know，expect，say，mention，report等
which 通常放在主句之后 意为“这一点”或“这件事”等
as can be seen (from...), as is known to us all,
as has been mentioned above, as is reported...
4.3关系副词
关系副词=介词+关系代词
I bought a lot of books, ____ which I spent all my money that I saved.
The gas ______ which we cannot live is called oxygen.
①定从中动词的固定搭配 ②先行词的习惯搭配
③所表达的意思
on
without
如何选择介词？？？
4.3关系副词
先行词 关系副词 在从句中的作用 与“介词＋关系代词”的关系
表示时间的名词：time，day，year等 when 作时间状语 =at/in/on/during which
表示场所的名词：park，place，country，house等 where 作地点状语 ＝in/at/to/on which
表示原因的名词：reason why 作原因状语 ＝for which
练习（介词+关系副词）
①Is this the house _____ _____ Shakespeare was born
②I still remember the day _____ _____ I first got to Paris.
③China is a beautiful country _____ _____ we are proud.
④He gave me some novels _____ _____ I am not very familiar.
in
which
on
which
of
which
with
which
练习（介词+关系副词）
We live in an age when(=_______) more information is available with great ease than ever before.
The school where(=________) I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.
The reason why(=________) he didn’t pass the driving test was that he lacked practice.
in which
at which
for which
4.3关系副词
whose+名词=the+名词+of which/whom
The house, ______ windows face south, is our reading room.
=The house, the windows of which face south, is our reading room.
My eldest son ______ work takes him all over the world, is in Beijing at the moment.
whose
whose
= the work of whom
4.4特殊先行词
I was greatly shocked by the way ______________ things were done there.
They have reached the point ______ they have to separate from each other.
that/ in which/省略
where
4.4特殊先行词
I can remember very few occasions ______ he had to cancel a meeting because of ill health.
Taking her with me on official occasions ______ many important figures are present has been a challenge.
when
where
4.4特殊先行词
先行词way意为“方法、方式”，且在从句中作状语时，关系词可用that，in which或省略关系词
先行词是表示抽象地点的名词，像activity，business，career，case，job，point，position，race，stage，situation等，当从句中缺少状语时，用关系副词where。
先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词where
e.g The news that he told me at the conference surprised us.
e.g.The news that he got the first place yesterday surprised us.
4.5定语从句和同位语从句
同位语从句→解释，说明
定语从句→修饰，限定
4.5定语从句和同位语从句
定语从句 同位语从句
功能 修饰，限定 补充，解释，说明
中心词 名词或代词 通常是一些抽象名词，如：fact, idea, view, belief......
引导词 关系词作宾语时可省略 同从中的that不可省略
4.5定语从句和强调句
It was on the morning of May 1st ______ I met Liang Wei at the airport.
It is the factory ______ Mr Wang works.
where
that
强调句的结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分”,that和who在句子中不作成分，去掉后，句子依然完整。
It was on the morning of May 1st that I met Liang Wei at the airport.
I met Liang Wei at the airport on the morning of May 1st .
4.5定语从句和强调句
练习
Jong May thought it was her “Chinese-style princess dream”______ led her back to China.
It was in the garden of his old house ______ he grew up ______ he dug up a pot of gold.
that
where
that
定语从句综合练习
1.【2024年新高考Ⅰ卷】The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64.__________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
that/which
定语从句综合练习
2.【2024年新高考Ⅱ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating(纪念) Tang Xianzu, 56__________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
who
定语从句综合练习
1.【2023年全国乙卷】But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place __________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
2.【2023年全国乙卷】The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ______ hair color looked just perfect.
that/which
whose
定语从句综合练习
3.【2023年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, ______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
4.【2023年全国甲卷】Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ______ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”...
where
as
定语从句综合练习
5. 【2023年新高考II卷】Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, ______ helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.
6.（2022年浙江1月）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
which
who/that
定语从句综合练习
7.（2021新高考II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company _________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
8.（2021浙江卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool __________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
that/which
that/which
定语从句综合练习
9.（2020新课标III卷）In ancient China lived an artist ______ paintings were almost lifelike.
10. （2020江苏,21）Many lessons are now available online, from ______ students can choose for free.
whose
which
谢谢！