山东省泰安第二中学2023-2024学年高二下学期6月月考试题 英语（Word版含解析，无听力音频及听力原文）

泰安二中2022 级高二下学期6月月考
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5 小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What pets does the woman keep now
A. Cats. B. Dogs. C. Rabbits.
2 Why is the woman jumping from a plane
A. To fly like a bird. B. To overcome her fear. C. To help people in need.
3. What are the speakers looking at
A. A bowl. B. A cup. C. A plate.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The weather in the Gobi Desert.
B. Different deserts around the world.
C. An experience of traveling in the desert.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Grandfather and granddaughter.
B. Mother and son.
C. Teacher and student.
第二节 (共15 小题， 每小题1.5分， 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What does the character’s name refer to
A. A literary figure. B. The birth order. C. The weather condition.
7. In which month was Masika born
A. May. B. July. C. August.
听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What are the speakers talking about
A. Being honest all the time.
B. Forgiving friends’ mistakes.
C. Accepting the results of lying.
9. Who will Daniel speak to next
A. His mother. B. His sister. C. His best friend.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12 三个小题。
10. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Co-workers. C. Teacher and student.
11. What event are the speakers probably attending
A. A graduation ceremony. B. A job fair. C. A school trip.
12. What is the man going to do in the near future
A. Visit Europe. B. Move abroad. C. Attend university.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16 四个小题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. On a train. B. In a police station. C. In a train station.
14. What time is it now
A. Around 5:15 p. m. B. A round 5:30 p. m. C. Around 5:45 p. m.
15. What does the woman probably do
A. She’s an engineer. B. She’s a salesperson. C. She’s a reporter.
16. What else did the woman lose
A. Her phone. B. Her wallet. C. Her car keys.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Who may be interested in the talk
A. Bus drivers. B. City officials. C. Foreign tourists.
18. Which place is mentioned secondly
A. The London Eye. B. Tower Bridge. C. The Tower of London.
19. What helped make London a large and powerful city according to the speaker
A. Its fame. B. Its river. C. Its machines.
20. When was Tower Bridge officially opened
A. In 1859. B. In 1894. C. In 1976.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题， 每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Buds (小满), the 8th solar term of a year, begins on May 21 this year, and ends on June 5. It means that the seeds from the grain are becoming full but are not ripe. Let’s see what we can do during the “Grain Buds” period.
Eating herb of common sow thistle
Grain Buds is a season for eating the herb of the common sow thistle, which is one of the earliest edible potherbs in China. It tastes a little bitter, but also sweet. People in Ningxia Hui autonomous region like to eat it mixed with salt, vinegar, peppers or garlic. It tastes delicious and helps people feel refreshed. Some people boil the herb with water and then squeeze out the juice, which can be used to make soup.
Key period for flower management
This time is a good period of the quick growth of flowers. It is also a season when plant diseases and pests are at an all-time high, which makes caring for your garden even more critical. Flowers need a lot of water and extra care to stay healthy. Weeding should be done as they grow quickly and have to be extirpated in order to keep the soil loose and from competing with the flowers for nutrients.
Celebrating silkworm deity birthday
Silkworm rearing is a traditional byproduct for people in regions south of the Yangtze River. People in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces regard this season as the birthday of the silkworm deity. Those who engage in the silk industry thank the deity by offering sacrifices and staging performances. They pray to the deity for blessings and a boom season for the silk business.
1. Which of the following is true about Grain Buds
A. It is seen as the birthday of the flower deity.
B. It is an essential period to tend to the garden.
C. It means that the seeds from the grain are mature.
D. It begins on May 21 this year, and ends on July 5.
2 People in the silk industry tend to ______ during the Grain Buds.
A. offer sacrifices to ancestors B. pray for a close season
C. learn to count their blessings D. give shows to thank the deity
3. In which column of a newspaper can we read the article
A. Entertainment. B. Economics. C. Politics. D. Culture.
B
There can be no doubt that Stephen King, New York Time’s Best-Selling author, has found success in many aspects, but it wasn’t always like this. King witnessed tragedy and horrors from the very beginning. When he was 2 years old, his father told his mom that he was going out to get cigarettes but in fact, he never came back, he had abandoned his family.
This left his mother Ruth to care for Stephen and his elder brother David on her own. Ruth was forced to move often, desperately looking for work as she was now the only provider of the family, and she had to rely on relatives most of the time. One day Stephen went out to play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able to speak a single word, it seemed he was hurt mentally or something, but he still got the courage to continue forward. It turned out that one of his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emotional scar on him.
King, later on, dropped out of school due to some serious health concerns and was told that he had to enlist (入伍) again the next fall, which demotivated him too. Although Stephen King didn’t see his childhood as something extraordinary or special, he did say that he was always fascinated by scary things. People used to acknowledge the King family by their love of literature, in fact whenever Stephen’s mom had to go out, she didn’t hire a babysitter, for the kids used to read novels to each other so they would not get bored. Stephen King’s love of stories was developed from a very young age and he carried that tradition with his own children along with his wife Tabitha.
In 1973, Stephen King started his amazing journey of success when he published his first novel Carrie, which is scary. The rest followed from after that as he published many amazing books like The Shining, IT, Firestarter, and Cujo. All of these books became instant classics and got their own movie and television shows adaptions.
4. What is mainly talked about about Stephen King in the first two paragraphs
A His achievements in writing. B. His unfortunate childhood.
C. His difficulty in supporting the family. D. His mother’s bitter experiences.
5. What left Stephen King not even speaking a single word
A. He was knocked down by a passing train. B. He was badly criticized by a close friend.
C. He was depressed by the constant moves. D. He was heart-struck by a terrible accident.
6. What does the underlined word “demotivated” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Discouraged. B. Relaxed. C. Embarrassed. D. Inspired.
7. Why didn’t Stephen’s mom hire a babysitter
A. The family was too poor to hire a babysitter. B. The family could not find a proper babysitter.
C. The children could actually entertain themselves. D. The children didn’t like to be cared for by others.
C
You’ll boost your brainpower if you brave the unknown, says our memory expert, Jonathan Hancock.
There’s a lot to cope with when you go off to university, and the academic work is just the start. There are new friends to meet, new opportunities to choose between, new responsibilities to accept... and, for most students, a completely new city to explore.
We recently drove our daughter Evie 150 miles to start life as a fresher. It was a struggle to find the car park, let alone navigate the maze of corridors that led to her room. Before we left that evening, we’d taken her to the local supermarket, and we knew that she had flatmates and phone apps to get her orientated. But the scale of the challenge ahead was clear — to find her way in an unfamiliar world.
The good news for Evie — and learners everywhere is that exploring new habitats is hugely beneficial to memory. In a recent study, volunteers walked around a simulated forest environment. Then some of them took the same walk again, while others explored a different forest. And that second group performed significantly better in memory tests straight after. According to the researchers, that was because navigating the new environment stimulated their dopamine (多巴胺) systems-setting up their brains for learning.
So leaving home to study for a degree makes perfect sense. What’s more, young minds seem to gain most from being in strange surroundings. But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits, even if it’s just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills. Here are three things to try:
(1) Go somewhere new to tackle an upcoming learning task—like memorizing a speech in the library or revising for an exam on a park bench — and take an unfamiliar route to get there.
(2) Play video games that get you moving through new landscapes. Then see whether it improves your success with other learning tasks, like practising a dance or mastering phrases for a foreign trip.
(3) Get lost in your imagination! To warm yourself up for learning, picture a city you know well, but imagine you’re stranded in a part of it that you’ve never visited. Then try to fancy exactly how you’ll get out.
8. What happened when they sent their daughter to her school according to Paragraph 3
A. They found a park for all their efforts. B. They were new to the surroundings.
C. They got lost in the maze of corridors. D. They had no phone apps to rely on.
9. According to the passage, which is not a good way to boost your brain power
A. Taking an unfamiliar route to go home.
B. Playing some video games that help you explore new surroundings.
C. Getting addicted to playing video games before revising for the exam.
D. Imagining yourself getting out of a new city before memorizing a speech.
10. Why did the second group in the study perform better in memory tests
A. Because their dopamine systems were activated.
B. Because they entered the same environment twice.
C. Because they had flatmates and phone apps to help them.
D. Because they walked around a simulated forest environment.
11. What is the main idea of the article
A. The need for finding parking spaces in unfamiliar cities.
B. The impact of exploring a new environment on our minds.
C. The benefits of playing video games for improving learning tasks.
D. The significance of picturing familiar cities for memory enhancement.
D
Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed how insects learn to associate sensory information in their environment with a food reward, and how they can recall this information later in order to solve complex tasks such as the search for food.
Living organisms show remarkable abilities in coping with problems posed by complex and dynamic environments. They are able to generalize their experiences in order to rapidly adapt their behaviour when the environment changes. The zoologists investigated how the nervous system of the fruit fly controls its behaviour when searching for food.
Using a computer model, they simulated and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents (气味) coming from the food source. They initially trained their model of the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward.
“The model rapidly learns a strong representation of the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentations and is then able to find the source of this scent in a complex environment,” said computer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, who created the model.
The model created is thus capable to generalize from its memory and to apply what it has learned previously in a completely new and complex environment, while learning required only a very small database of training samples.
The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks.
12. What is the ultimate aim of the research
A. To investigate principles of biological brain computation.
B. To solve problems in simulated complex environments.
C. To analyse how insects search for food in complex environment.
D. To promote machine learning and AI applications.
13. How did zoologists mainly carry out their research
A. By observing fruit flies. B. By performing lab experiments.
C. By using a computer model. D. By carrying out field research.
14. What is mainly discussed about the study in paragraphs 3-5
A Its findings. B. Its process. C. Its importance. D. Its application.
15. What does the result of this study imply
A. Artificial intelligence is applied to the study of insect brain.
B. Food reward is connected with information transformation.
C. Sensory information can be applied to solving complex tasks.
D. Studying living organisms can make a difference to AI research.
第二节 (共5 小题; 每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Education is a self-enlightening process. It is an important part of life.
____16____ The first thing that strikes me about education is knowledge gain. Education gives us knowledge of the world around us. It develops in us a perspective of looking at life. It helps us build opinions and have points of view on things in life. Education makes us capable of explaining things rightly. It is not just about lessons in textbooks. ____17____
Education is important also because it equips us with all that is needed to make our dreams come true. It opens doors to brilliant career opportunities. ____18____ We are weighed in the market on the basis of our educational skills and how well we can apply them.
____19____ It wipes out all the wrong beliefs in our minds. It helps create a clear picture of everything around us and we no longer remain in confusion about the things we learn. It can lead us to enlightenment. It is education that builds in every individual the confidence to make decisions, to face life and to accept success and failure.
For the progress of a nation, for the enrichment of society in general, education is necessary and important. A country’s literate population is its asset(有利条件). The number of institutes offering vocational courses and colleges offering online education is increasing by the day.
Well, schools, colleges and other such educational institutes define the basic framework of education. But education does not end here. ____20____ Self-learning begins at a point where institutional education ends. The process of self-learning continues.
A. Education is essential as it paves the path leading to disillusionment(醒悟).
B. Why is education so important
C. It is a lifelong process.
D. How can people get education
E. It brings better prospects in career and growth.
F. It is about the lessons of life.
G. It ends when our career begins.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
History’s first empire rose out of a hot, dry landscape, without rainfall for crops, without trees or stones for building. In spite of all this, its people built the world’s first cities, with monumental architecture and large populations — and they built them ___21___ out of mud.
Sumer ___22___ the southern part of modern Iraq in the region called Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia means “between two rivers” — the Tigris and the Euphrates. Around 5000 BCE, early Sumerians used channels and dams to ___23___ river water and farm large areas of previously ___24___ land. Agricultural communities like this were slowly ___25___ in Mesopotamia.
But Sumerians were the first to take the ___26___ step. Using ___27___ made from river mud, they began to build multi-storied homes and temples. Those clay bricks gave rise to the world’s first ___28___, like Uruk, Ur, and Eridu, probably around 4500 BCE.
The Sumerians created the first ___29___ system, designed to teach the ability of writing. In the schools, people studied from dawn to dusk, from _____30_____ well into adulthood. They _____31_____ accounting, mathematics, and copied works of literature.
But by the third millennium (千年) BCE, Sumer was no longer the _____32_____ empire around, or even in Mesopotamia. Waves of nomadic (游牧) tribes poured into the _____33_____ from the north and east. In 2300 BCE, the Sumerian Empire was conquered and _____34_____.
Afterward, Sumer disappeared back into the desert dirt, not to be _____35_____ until the 19th century.
21. A. permanently B. quickly C. patiently D. entirely
22. A. occupied B. destroyed C. lost D. attacked
23. A. separate B. interrupt C. redirect D. freeze
24. A. dry B. royal C. awesome D. rich
25. A. wearing down B. springing up C. rising up D. breaking down
26. A. next B. last C. slow D. same
27. A. equipment B. basins C. walls D. bricks
28. A. emperors B. universities C. cities D. palaces
29. A. law B. school C. construction D. labour
30. A. society B. childhood C. community D. parenthood
31. A. invented B. dismissed C. learned D. preserved
32. A. only B. safe C. weak D. reliable
33. A. region B. center C. river D. farm
34. A. strengthened B. saved C. surrounded D. overturned
35. A. rebuilt B. relocated C. rediscovered D. reunited
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shanghai Disney Resort celebrated the ____36____ (ten) anniversary of its groundbreaking on Thursday, ____37____ President Joe Schott expressing great confidence in the resort’s future. “We believe in the long-term benefits of the China market. That’s ____38____ you will see us continue to do,” Schott says.
Since its opening, the Shanghai Disney Resort ____39____ (set) many records, which include beating market ____40____ (expect) by welcoming more than 11 million visitors in its first year of operations. The main features of the resort saw rapid expansion of its operations. The first major expansion, Disney Pixar Toy Story Land, opened on April 26, 2018, ____41____ (make) Shanghai Disneyland the fastest Disneyland in the world to expand after ____42____ (open). The second major expansion is the Zootopia themed land, ____43____ is currently under construction. It is also the first-ever Zootopia themed land at any Disney park in the world.
He Jianmin, a professor at the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, says the resort has made a positive impact on the industry, improving service quality ____44____ innovating tourism products. Shanghai plans to double the number of scenic spots and tourism projects with more than 10 million visits ____45____(annual) in 2025, as compared with last year. He hopes the Shanghai Disney Resort could be a new driver for high-quality development of the tourism industry.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你的爱尔兰好友Jim发来邮件说爱尔兰人微信群里多数人用真人照片做微信头像（profile photo/picture），觉得这样更能让别人信任自己，他想知道为什么多数中国人不用本人照片当头像。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
(1) 分析可能的原因；
(2) 给出你的观点；
(3) 期待回信。
注意：1. 写作词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
My cousin Allen, 19 years old, was the coolest star football player at the University of Minnesota. I wanted to be just like him. So when Allen asked me to join him on a spring fishing trip in northern Minnesota, I said yes!
After planning the trip, we gathered clothes and supplies and then set off on our adventure. We reached the Superior National Forest by early evening. On the way to our campsite, Allen pointed to a small house faraway in one of the mountains, saying that it was the ranger station (护林站) where the foresters worked. A jeep stopped beside the small ranger station. Allen told me that our campsite was in the deep of the forest, really far away from the highway.
Only when we made it to our campsite, did I realize that we were really in the middle of nowhere. Somehow I was a bit worried. Luckily, Allen appeared to know all the tricks of an experienced camper. Soon after we gathered enough wood from the forest floor, he started the campfire using only stone and steel, no matches. After a day of travelling, we were very hungry. We ate beef and rice and some soup as well.
Exhausted, we crawled into our sleeping bags early. Allen was still talking about his past camping adventures when a sudden wind picked up from the north. The temperature dropped and it began to snow. Allen knew of a way to increase the temperature inside the tent. He dragged a log from the woods, wrapped aluminum foil (铝箔) around the log and then placed it near the campfire. The heat from the fire reflected into the tent. Soon the tent was warm again and thoughts of lake fish filled my dreams.
续写要求：1、续写词数应为150左右;2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1:
“Wake up! Jim! Our tent is on fire!” Allen awoke me in panic.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2:
A jeep appeared
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力1-5 ACACB 6-10 BABBA 11-15 AACCB 16-20 CCBBB
泰安二中2022 级高二下学期6月月考
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5 小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What pets does the woman keep now
A. Cats. B. Dogs. C. Rabbits.
2. Why is the woman jumping from a plane
A. To fly like a bird. B. To overcome her fear. C. To help people in need.
3. What are the speakers looking at
A. A bowl. B. A cup. C. A plate.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The weather in the Gobi Desert.
B. Different deserts around the world.
C. An experience of traveling in the desert.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Grandfather and granddaughter.
B. Mother and son.
C. Teacher and student.
第二节 (共15 小题， 每小题1.5分， 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What does the character’s name refer to
A. A literary figure. B. The birth order. C. The weather condition.
7. In which month was Masika born
A. May. B. July. C. August.
听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What are the speakers talking about
A. Being honest all the time.
B. Forgiving friends’ mistakes.
C. Accepting the results of lying.
9. Who will Daniel speak to next
A. His mother. B. His sister. C. His best friend.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12 三个小题。
10. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Co-workers. C. Teacher and student.
11. What event are the speakers probably attending
A. A graduation ceremony. B. A job fair. C. A school trip.
12. What is the man going to do in the near future
A. Visit Europe. B. Move abroad. C. Attend university.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16 四个小题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. On a train. B. In a police station. C. In a train station.
14. What time is it now
A. Around 5:15 p. m. B. A round 5:30 p. m. C. Around 5:45 p. m.
15. What does the woman probably do
A. She’s an engineer. B. She’s a salesperson. C. She’s a reporter.
16. What else did the woman lose
A. Her phone. B. Her wallet. C. Her car keys.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Who may be interested in the talk
A. Bus drivers. B. City officials. C. Foreign tourists.
18. Which place is mentioned secondly
A. The London Eye. B. Tower Bridge. C. The Tower of London.
19. What helped make London a large and powerful city according to the speaker
A. Its fame. B. Its river. C. Its machines.
20. When was Tower Bridge officially opened
A. In 1859. B. In 1894. C. In 1976.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题， 每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Buds (小满) the 8th solar term of a year, begins on May 21 this year, and ends on June 5. It means that the seeds from the grain are becoming full but are not ripe. Let’s see what we can do during the “Grain Buds” period.
Eating herb of common sow thistle
Grain Buds is a season for eating the herb of the common sow thistle, which is one of the earliest edible potherbs in China. It tastes a little bitter, but also sweet. People in Ningxia Hui autonomous region like to eat it mixed with salt, vinegar, peppers or garlic. It tastes delicious and helps people feel refreshed. Some people boil the herb with water and then squeeze out the juice, which can be used to make soup.
Key period for flower management
This time is a good period of the quick growth of flowers. It is also a season when plant diseases and pests are at an all-time high, which makes caring for your garden even more critical. Flowers need a lot of water and extra care to stay healthy. Weeding should be done as they grow quickly and have to be extirpated in order to keep the soil loose and from competing with the flowers for nutrients.
Celebrating silkworm deity birthday
Silkworm rearing is a traditional byproduct for people in regions south of the Yangtze River. People in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces regard this season as the birthday of the silkworm deity. Those who engage in the silk industry thank the deity by offering sacrifices and staging performances. They pray to the deity for blessings and a boom season for the silk business.
1. Which of the following is true about Grain Buds
A. It is seen as the birthday of the flower deity.
B. It is an essential period to tend to the garden.
C. It means that the seeds from the grain are mature.
D. It begins on May 21 this year, and ends on July 5.
2. People in the silk industry tend to ______ during the Grain Buds.
A. offer sacrifices to ancestors B. pray for a close season
C. learn to count their blessings D. give shows to thank the deity
3. In which column of a newspaper can we read the article
A Entertainment. B. Economics. C. Politics. D. Culture.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了二十四节气中的小满时节值得我们注意的一些传统和建议。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This time is a good period of the quick growth of flowers. It is also a season when plant diseases and pests are at an all-time high, which makes caring for your garden even more critical.(此时正是鲜花快速生长的好时期，也是植物病虫害高发的季节，因此花园的护理就显得更加重要。)”可知，小满是照料花园的重要时期。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Those who engage in the silk industry thank the deity by offering sacrifices and staging performances. (从事丝绸业的人们则以祭祀、表演等方式感谢神灵。)”可知，在小满时期，丝绸行业的人们往往会举办表演来感谢神灵。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Buds(小满), the 8th solar term of a year, begins on May 21 this year, and ends on June 5. It means that the seeds from the grain are becoming full but are not ripe. Let’s see what we can do during the “Grain Buds” period.(中国传统阳历将一年分为二十四个节气。小满是一年中的第八个节气，今年从5月21日开始，到6月5日结束。这意味着谷粒正在饱满但尚未成熟。让我们看看在“小满”期间我们可以做些什么。)”可知，文章介绍了二十四节气中的小满时节，本文可以在报纸的文化栏目看到。故选D。
B
There can be no doubt that Stephen King, New York Time’s Best-Selling author, has found success in many aspects, but it wasn’t always like this. King witnessed tragedy and horrors from the very beginning. When he was 2 years old, his father told his mom that he was going out to get cigarettes but in fact, he never came back, he had abandoned his family.
This left his mother Ruth to care for Stephen and his elder brother David on her own. Ruth was forced to move often, desperately looking for work as she was now the only provider of the family, and she had to rely on relatives most of the time. One day Stephen went out to play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able to speak a single word, it seemed he was hurt mentally or something, but he still got the courage to continue forward. It turned out that one of his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emotional scar on him.
King, later on, dropped out of school due to some serious health concerns and was told that he had to enlist (入伍) again the next fall, which demotivated him too. Although Stephen King didn’t see his childhood as something extraordinary or special, he did say that he was always fascinated by scary things. People used to acknowledge the King family by their love of literature, in fact whenever Stephen’s mom had to go out, she didn’t hire a babysitter, for the kids used to read novels to each other so they would not get bored. Stephen King’s love of stories was developed from a very young age and he carried that tradition with his own children along with his wife Tabitha.
In 1973, Stephen King started his amazing journey of success when he published his first novel Carrie, which is scary. The rest followed from after that as he published many amazing books like The Shining, IT, Firestarter, and Cujo. All of these books became instant classics and got their own movie and television shows adaptions.
4. What is mainly talked about about Stephen King in the first two paragraphs
A. His achievements in writing. B. His unfortunate childhood.
C. His difficulty in supporting the family. D. His mother’s bitter experiences.
5. What left Stephen King not even speaking a single word
A. He was knocked down by a passing train. B. He was badly criticized by a close friend.
C. He was depressed by the constant moves. D. He was heart-struck by a terrible accident.
6. What does the underlined word “demotivated” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Discouraged. B. Relaxed. C. Embarrassed. D. Inspired.
7. Why didn’t Stephen’s mom hire a babysitter
A. The family was too poor to hire a babysitter. B. The family could not find a proper babysitter.
C. The children could actually entertain themselves. D. The children didn’t like to be cared for by others.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了知名作家斯蒂芬·金从悲惨的童年到成为畅销书作家的人生经历，探讨了家庭困境、个人挑战及其对恐怖故事的热爱。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“There can be no doubt that Stephen King, New York Time’s Best-Selling author, has found success in many aspects, but it wasn’t always like this. King witnessed tragedy and horrors from the very beginning. When he was 2 years old, his father told his mom that he was going out to get cigarettes but in fact, he never came back, he had abandoned his family.(毫无疑问，《纽约时报》畅销书作家斯蒂芬·金在很多方面都取得了成功，但并不总是这样。金从一开始就目睹了悲剧和恐怖。当他两岁的时候，他的父亲告诉他妈妈他要出去买烟，但事实上，他再也没有回来，他抛弃了他的家庭)”以及第二段“This left his mother Ruth to care for Stephen and his elder brother David on her own. Ruth was forced to move often, desperately looking for work as she was now the only provider of the family, and she had to rely on relatives most of the time. One day Stephen went out to play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able to speak a single word, it seemed he was hurt mentally or something, but he still got the courage to continue forward. It turned out that one of his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emotional scar on him.(这让他的母亲Ruth独自照顾斯蒂芬和他的哥哥大卫。Ruth被迫经常搬家，拼命地找工作，因为她现在是家里唯一的经济来源，她大部分时间都得依靠亲戚。有一天，斯蒂芬和朋友们出去玩，当他回来的时候，他甚至不能说一个字，似乎他精神上受伤了还是怎么的，但他仍然有勇气继续前进。原来，他的一个朋友被火车撞死了，这给他留下了情感上的伤疤)”可知，前面两段主要描述了Stephen King的悲惨的童年时期，包括他父亲的离开，他母亲独自抚养他和他哥哥的困难，以及他目睹朋友遭遇致命事故的心理创伤。这些都直接反映了他不幸的童年经历。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“One day Stephen went out to play with friends and when he came back, he wasn’t even able to speak a single word, it seemed he was hurt mentally or something, but he still got the courage to continue forward. It turned out that one of his friends was hit by a train and died, which left an emotional scar on him.(有一天，斯蒂芬和朋友们出去玩，当他回来的时候，他甚至不能说一个字，似乎他精神上受伤了还是怎么的，但他仍然有勇气继续前进。原来，他的一个朋友被火车撞死了，这给他留下了情感上的伤疤)”可知，Stephen因为一位朋友被火车撞击致死的事故深受打击，导致他一时无法言语。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“King, later on, dropped out of school due to some serious health concerns and was told that he had to enlist (入伍) again the next fall,(后来，金因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学，并被告知他必须在第二年秋天再次入伍)”可知，金后来因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学，这是一件令人泄气的事，所以demotivated意为Discouraged“使泄气”之意。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“People used to acknowledge the King family by their love of literature, in fact whenever Stephen’s mom used to go out, she didn’t hire a babysitter, for the kids used to read novels to each other so they would not get bored.(人们过去常常以他们对文学的热爱来认可金一家，事实上，每当斯蒂芬的妈妈出去时，她都不会雇保姆，因为孩子们过去常常互相读小说，这样他们就不会感到无聊)”可知，孩子们通过阅读相互陪伴，所以不需要额外雇用保姆。故选C。
C
You’ll boost your brainpower if you brave the unknown, says our memory expert, Jonathan Hancock.
There’s a lot to cope with when you go off to university, and the academic work is just the start. There are new friends to meet, new opportunities to choose between, new responsibilities to accept... and, for most students, a completely new city to explore.
We recently drove our daughter Evie 150 miles to start life as a fresher. It was a struggle to find the car park, let alone navigate the maze of corridors that led to her room. Before we left that evening, we’d taken her to the local supermarket, and we knew that she had flatmates and phone apps to get her orientated. But the scale of the challenge ahead was clear — to find her way in an unfamiliar world.
The good news for Evie — and learners everywhere is that exploring new habitats is hugely beneficial to memory. In a recent study volunteers walked around a simulated forest environment. Then some of them took the same walk again, while others explored a different forest. And that second group performed significantly better in memory tests straight after. According to the researchers, that was because navigating the new environment stimulated their dopamine (多巴胺) systems-setting up their brains for learning.
So leaving home to study for a degree makes perfect sense. What’s more, young minds seem to gain most from being in strange surroundings. But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits, even if it’s just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills. Here are three things to try:
(1) Go somewhere new to tackle an upcoming learning task—like memorizing a speech in the library or revising for an exam on a park bench — and take an unfamiliar route to get there.
(2) Play video games that get you moving through new landscapes. Then see whether it improves your success with other learning tasks, like practising a dance or mastering phrases for a foreign trip.
(3) Get lost in your imagination! To warm yourself up for learning, picture a city you know well, but imagine you’re stranded in a part of it that you’ve never visited. Then try to fancy exactly how you’ll get out.
8. What happened when they sent their daughter to her school according to Paragraph 3
A. They found a park for all their efforts. B. They were new to the surroundings.
C. They got lost in the maze of corridors. D. They had no phone apps to rely on.
9. According to the passage, which is not a good way to boost your brain power
A. Taking an unfamiliar route to go home.
B. Playing some video games that help you explore new surroundings.
C. Getting addicted to playing video games before revising for the exam.
D. Imagining yourself getting out of a new city before memorizing a speech.
10. Why did the second group in the study perform better in memory tests
A. Because their dopamine systems were activated.
B. Because they entered the same environment twice.
C. Because they had flatmates and phone apps to help them.
D. Because they walked around a simulated forest environment.
11. What is the main idea of the article
A. The need for finding parking spaces in unfamiliar cities.
B. The impact of exploring a new environment on our minds.
C. The benefits of playing video games for improving learning tasks.
D. The significance of picturing familiar cities for memory enhancement.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了探索未知环境能显著提升脑力，新环境刺激多巴胺系统有助学习，建议通过不同路径学习、玩探索类游戏、想象脱困新城市等方式锻炼大脑。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“It was a struggle to find the car park, let alone navigate the maze of corridors that led to her room.(很难找到停车场，更不用说在通往她房间的迷宫般的走廊里穿行了)”可知，他们对周围环境很不熟悉。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“So leaving home to study for a degree makes perfect sense. What’s more, young minds seem to gain most from being in strange surroundings. But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits, even if it’s just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills.(因此，离开家去攻读学位是完全合理的。更重要的是，年轻人似乎从陌生的环境中获益最多。但我们都可能获得一些好处，即使只是通过刺激我们的感官和挑战我们的思维技能）以及接下来给出的三点建议可知，作者觉得变换学习场景与路线，利用视频游戏探索，想象力冒险都可以提高思维技能。由此可知，在考试复习前沉迷于玩电子游戏并不是一个提升脑力的好方法。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“According to the researchers, that was because navigating the new environment stimulated their dopamine (多巴胺) systems-setting up their brains for learning.(根据研究人员的说法，这是因为在新环境中导航会刺激他们的多巴胺系统，从而建立大脑进行学习)”可知，第二组在记忆测试中表现更好的原因是他们的多巴胺系统被激活了。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“You’ll boost your brainpower if you brave the unknown, says our memory expert, Jonathan Hancock.(我们的记忆专家乔纳森·汉考克说，如果你勇敢面对未知，你会提高你的脑力)”以及全文可知，文章的主旨围绕探索新环境对我们心智的影响展开，特别是如何通过这种方式提升记忆力和学习能力。所以“探索新环境对我们思维的影响。”是文章的主题。故选B。
D
Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence. Specifically, they analysed how insects learn to associate sensory information in their environment with a food reward, and how they can recall this information later in order to solve complex tasks such as the search for food.
Living organisms show remarkable abilities in coping with problems posed by complex and dynamic environments. They are able to generalize their experiences in order to rapidly adapt their behaviour when the environment changes. The zoologists investigated how the nervous system of the fruit fly controls its behaviour when searching for food.
Using a computer model, they simulated and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents (气味) coming from the food source. They initially trained their model of the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward.
“The model rapidly learns a strong representation of the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentations and is then able to find the source of this scent in a complex environment,” said computer scientist Dr Hannes Rapp, who created the model.
The model created is thus capable to generalize from its memory and to apply what it has learned previously in a completely new and complex environment, while learning required only a very small database of training samples.
The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks.
12. What is the ultimate aim of the research
A. To investigate principles of biological brain computation.
B. To solve problems in simulated complex environments.
C. To analyse how insects search for food in complex environment.
D. To promote machine learning and AI applications.
13. How did zoologists mainly carry out their research
A. By observing fruit flies. B. By performing lab experiments.
C. By using a computer model. D. By carrying out field research.
14. What is mainly discussed about the study in paragraphs 3-5
A. Its findings. B. Its process. C. Its importance. D. Its application.
15. What does the result of this study imply
A. Artificial intelligence is applied to the study of insect brain.
B. Food reward is connected with information transformation.
C. Sensory information can be applied to solving complex tasks.
D. Studying living organisms can make a difference to AI research.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍动物学家通过研究证明感官信息可以促进机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂问题中的作用。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Zoologists studied the nervous systems of insects to investigate principles of biological brain computation and possible effects on machine learning and artificial intelligence.（动物学家研究昆虫的神经系统，其目的是研究生物大脑计算的原理，以及对机器学习和人工智能可能产生的影响）”和最后一段的“The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks.（研究结果表明，将感官信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激发未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的应用）”推知，该研究的最终目的是促进机器学习和人工智能的应用。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Using a computer model, they simulated and analysed the computations in the fruit fly’s nervous system in response to scents (气味) coming from the food source. （利用一个计算机模型，他们模拟并分析了果蝇神经系统对来自食物来源的气味的反应）”可知，动物学家通过使用一个计算机模型来进行研究。故选C。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的“They initially trained their model of the fly brain in exactly the same way as insects are trained in experiments. They presented a specific scent in the simulation together with a reward and a second scent without a reward.（他们最初训练果蝇大脑模型的方式与在实验中训练昆虫的方式完全相同。他们在模拟实验中展示了一种特定的气味和一种奖励，以及一种没有奖励的气味）”，第四段的“The model rapidly learns a strong representation of the rewarded scent after just a few scent presentations and is then able to find the source of this scent in a complex environment（这个模型只需展示几次气味，就能迅速学会对受奖励气味的强烈表达，然后就能在复杂的环境中找到这种气味的来源）”和第五段的“The model created is thus capable to generalize from its memory and to apply what it has learned previously in a completely new and complex environment（因此，所创建的模型能够从其记忆中进行概括，并在一个全新复杂的环境中应用之前所学到的知识）”可知，3-5段主要介绍了实验的过程，包括实验初、实验中和实验得到的结果。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The results suggest that the transformation of sensory information into memories in the brain can inspire future machine learning and artificial intelligence applications to solving complex tasks.（研究结果表明，将感官信息转化为大脑中的记忆可以激发未来机器学习和人工智能在解决复杂任务中的应用）”推知，感官信息可以用来解决复杂的任务。故选C。
第二节 (共5 小题; 每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Education is a self-enlightening process. It is an important part of life.
____16____ The first thing that strikes me about education is knowledge gain. Education gives us knowledge of the world around us. It develops in us a perspective of looking at life. It helps us build opinions and have points of view on things in life. Education makes us capable of explaining things rightly. It is not just about lessons in textbooks. ____17____
Education is important also because it equips us with all that is needed to make our dreams come true. It opens doors to brilliant career opportunities. ____18____ We are weighed in the market on the basis of our educational skills and how well we can apply them.
____19____ It wipes out all the wrong beliefs in our minds. It helps create a clear picture of everything around us and we no longer remain in confusion about the things we learn. It can lead us to enlightenment. It is education that builds in every individual the confidence to make decisions, to face life and to accept success and failure.
For the progress of a nation, for the enrichment of society in general, education is necessary and important. A country’s literate population is its asset(有利条件). The number of institutes offering vocational courses and colleges offering online education is increasing by the day.
Well, schools, colleges and other such educational institutes define the basic framework of education. But education does not end here. ____20____ Self-learning begins at a point where institutional education ends. The process of self-learning continues.
A. Education is essential as it paves the path leading to disillusionment(醒悟).
B. Why is education so important
C. It is a lifelong process.
D. How can people get education
E. It brings better prospects in career and growth.
F. It is about the lessons of life.
G. It ends when our career begins.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了教育是一个自我启发的过程，它是生活的重要组成部分，并介绍了教育给人们带来的好处以及教育的必要性和重要性。
【16题详解】
上文“It is an important part of life. (它是生活的重要组成部分。)”说明教育是非常重要的，选项B“为什么教育如此重要？”承接上文，提出为什么它如此重要的问题，引出下文“The first thing that strikes me about education is knowledge gain. (教育给我的第一印象是知识的获取。)”解释回答问题。故选B项。
【17题详解】
上文“Education makes us capable of explaining things rightly. It is not just about lessons in textbooks.(教育使我们能够正确地解释事物。它不仅仅是课本上的课程。)”说明，教育不仅仅是课本上课程，选项C“它是一个终生的过程。”承接上文，对上文进行补充说明。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“Education is important also because it equips us with all that is needed to make our dreams come true. It opens doors to brilliant career opportunities. (教育之所以重要，也是因为它为我们提供了实现梦想所需的一切。它为我们打开了通往辉煌职业机会的大门。)”说明，教育能使我们实现梦想并从事辉煌职业，选项E“它带来了更好的职业和成长前景。”承接上文，进一步说明了教育能带来更好的职业。上文中career opportunities和选项中career语义相关，故选E项。
【19题详解】
下文“It wipes out all the wrong beliefs in our minds. It helps create a clear picture of everything around us and we no longer remain in confusion about the things we learn. It can lead us to enlightenment. It is education that builds in every individual the confidence to make decisions, to face life and to accept success and failure.(它消除了我们头脑中所有错误的信念。它有助于清晰地描绘我们周围的一切，我们不再对所学的东西感到困惑。它可以引导我们走向启蒙。正是教育让每个人都有信心做出决定，面对生活，接受成功和失败。)”阐述了教育的必要性，选项A“教育是完全必要的，因为它铺平了通向醒悟的道路。”概括说明了本段内容。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“Well, schools, colleges and other such educational institutes define the basic framework of education. But education does not end here.(学校、学院和其他这样的教育机构定义了教育的基本框架。但教育并没有结束。)”说明教育虽然有了基本框架，但教育没有结束。选项D“人们如何接受教育？”承接上文，提出如何接受教育的问题，引出下文“Self-learning begins at a point where institutional education ends. The process of self-learning continues.(自我教育从机构教育结束的时候开始。自我学习的过程还在继续)”对问题进行解释回答，强调自我学习。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
History’s first empire rose out of a hot, dry landscape, without rainfall for crops, without trees or stones for building. In spite of all this, its people built the world’s first cities, with monumental architecture and large populations — and they built them ___21___ out of mud.
Sumer ___22___ the southern part of modern Iraq in the region called Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia means “between two rivers” — the Tigris and the Euphrates. Around 5000 BCE, early Sumerians used channels and dams to ___23___ river water and farm large areas of previously ___24___ land. Agricultural communities like this were slowly ___25___ in Mesopotamia.
But Sumerians were the first to take the ___26___ step. Using ___27___ made from river mud, they began to build multi-storied homes and temples. Those clay bricks gave rise to the world’s first ___28___, like Uruk, Ur, and Eridu, probably around 4500 BCE.
The Sumerians created the first ___29___ system, designed to teach the ability of writing. In the schools, people studied from dawn to dusk, from _____30_____ well into adulthood. They _____31_____ accounting, mathematics, and copied works of literature.
But by the third millennium (千年) BCE, Sumer was no longer the _____32_____ empire around, or even in Mesopotamia. Waves of nomadic (游牧) tribes poured into the _____33_____ from the north and east. In 2300 BCE, the Sumerian Empire was conquered and _____34_____.
Afterward, Sumer disappeared back into the desert dirt, not to be _____35_____ until the 19th century.
21. A. permanently B. quickly C. patiently D. entirely
22. A. occupied B. destroyed C. lost D. attacked
23. A. separate B. interrupt C. redirect D. freeze
24. A. dry B. royal C. awesome D. rich
25. A. wearing down B. springing up C. rising up D. breaking down
26. A. next B. last C. slow D. same
27. A. equipment B. basins C. walls D. bricks
28. A. emperors B. universities C. cities D. palaces
29. A. law B. school C. construction D. labour
30. A. society B. childhood C. community D. parenthood
31. A. invented B. dismissed C. learned D. preserved
32. A. only B. safe C. weak D. reliable
33. A. region B. center C. river D. farm
34. A. strengthened B. saved C. surrounded D. overturned
35. A. rebuilt B. relocated C. rediscovered D. reunited
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了历史上第一个帝国——苏美尔文明的兴起和衰落。文章讲述了苏美尔人如何在干旱的环境中，通过智慧和技术建立了世界上第一批城市，并创造了书写系统。然而，随着游牧部落的入侵，苏美尔帝国最终崩溃并被遗忘，直到19世纪才被重新发现。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，它的人民还是建造了世界上第一批城市，拥有宏伟的建筑和庞大的人口——而且他们完全是用泥土建造的。A. permanently永久地；B. quickly快速地；C. patiently耐心地；D. entirely完全地。根据上文“without trees or stones for building”可知，没有树木和石头来建造房屋，所以他们的建筑完全是用泥土建造的。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏美尔占据了现在伊拉克南部的美索不达米亚地区。A. occupied占据；B. destroyed摧毁；C. lost丢失；D. attacked攻击。根据下文“the southern part of modern Iraq in the region called Mesopotamia”可知，苏美尔文明占据了美索不达米亚地区，这是它的发源地。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约在公元前5000年，早期的苏美尔人使用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，并在以前干旱的土地上种植大片土地。A. separate分开；B. interrupt打断；C. redirect重新定向，使改方向；D. freeze冻结。根据上文“used channels and dams”和下文“farm large areas of previously ___4___ land”可推知，苏美尔人用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，达到灌溉和种植的目的。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约在公元前5000年，早期的苏美尔人使用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，并在以前干旱的土地上种植大片土地。A. dry干旱的；B. royal王室的；C. awesome令人敬畏的；D. rich富有的，丰富的。根据第一段中“History’s first empire rose out of a hot, dry landscape, without rainfall for crops”可知，这原本是一片缺水干旱的土地，苏美尔人通过改变河水的方向对其进行了改造。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：像这样的农业社区在美索不达米亚慢慢出现。A. wearing down磨损；B. springing up突然生长或出现；C. rising up上升；D. breaking down崩溃，出故障。根据上文可知，苏美尔人用渠道和水坝来改变河水的方向，进而改造美索不达米亚平原，让其适合种植，所以很多的农业社区在美索不达米亚慢慢出现。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但苏美尔人率先迈出了下一步。A. next下一个；B. last最后的；C. slow慢的；D. same相同的。根据下文“Using ___7___ made from river mud, they began to build multi-storied homes and temples.”可知，苏美尔人开始修建多层住宅和寺庙，他们迈出了建造城市的下一步。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们开始用河泥做砖，建造多层房屋和寺庙。A. equipment设备；B. basins盆地；C. walls墙壁；D. bricks砖块。根据下文“from river mud”和“Those clay bricks”可知，他们把河泥做成砖块。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些粘土砖造就了世界上最早的城市，如乌鲁克、乌尔和埃利都，大约在公元前4500年左右。A. emperors皇帝；B. universities大学；C. cities城市；D. palaces宫殿。根据下文“Uruk, Ur, and Eridu”可知，苏美尔人用粘土砖建造了很多城市。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：苏美尔人创造了第一个学校系统，旨在教授书写能力。A. law法律；B. school学校；C. construction建设；D. labour劳动。根据下文“designed to teach the ability of writing”可知，他们创造了学校系统，用于教授书写。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学校里，人们从早到晚学习，从童年一直学习到成年。A. society社会；B. childhood童年；C. community社区；D. parenthood为人父母。结合下文“into adulthood”和常识可推知，教育是从童年到成年。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们学习会计、数学，并抄写文学作品。A. invented发明；B. dismissed解雇；C. learned学习；D. preserved保存。下文“accounting, mathematics, and copied works of literature”是学习的内容。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但到了公元前三千年，苏美尔不再是周边地区，甚至是美索不达米亚地区唯一的帝国。A. only仅有的；B. safe安全的；C. weak虚弱的；D. reliable可靠的。根据“Waves of nomadic (游牧) tribes poured into the ____13____ from the north and east. In 2300 BCE, the Sumerian Empire was conquered”可知，苏美尔周边出现了挑战者，它不再是唯一帝国。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一波又一波的游牧部落从北部和东部涌入该地区。A. region地区；B. center中心；C. river河流；D. farm农场。根据下文“from the north and east”可知，游牧部落从不同方向涌入美索不达米亚地区。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析句意：公元前2300年，苏美尔帝国被征服并推翻。A. strengthened加强；B. saved拯救；C. surrounded包围；D. overturned推翻。根据上文“the Sumerian Empire was conquered”和下文“Sumer disappeared back into the desert dirt”可知，苏美尔帝国被征服和推翻了。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，苏美尔消失在沙漠的泥土中，直到19世纪才被重新发现。A. rebuilt重建；B. relocated重新安置；C. rediscovered重新发现；D. reunited重新团聚。根据下文“until the 19th century”可知，苏美尔文明只到19世纪才被重新发现。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shanghai Disney Resort celebrated the ____36____ (ten) anniversary of its groundbreaking on Thursday, ____37____ President Joe Schott expressing great confidence in the resort’s future. “We believe in the long-term benefits of the China market. That’s ____38____ you will see us continue to do,” Schott says.
Since its opening, the Shanghai Disney Resort ____39____ (set) many records, which include beating market ____40____ (expect) by welcoming more than 11 million visitors in its first year of operations. The main features of the resort saw rapid expansion of its operations. The first major expansion, Disney Pixar Toy Story Land, opened on April 26, 2018, ____41____ (make) Shanghai Disneyland the fastest Disneyland in the world to expand after ____42____ (open). The second major expansion is the Zootopia themed land, ____43____ is currently under construction. It is also the first-ever Zootopia themed land at any Disney park in the world.
He Jianmin a professor at the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, says the resort has made a positive impact on the industry, improving service quality ____44____ innovating tourism products. Shanghai plans to double the number of scenic spots and tourism projects with more than 10 million visits ____45____(annual) in 2025, as compared with last year. He hopes the Shanghai Disney Resort could be a new driver for high-quality development of the tourism industry.
【答案】36. tenth
37. with 38. what
39. has set
40. expectations
41. making 42. opening##being opened
43. which 44. and
45. annually
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上海迪士尼度假区的发展情况。
【36题详解】
考查序数词。句意：上海迪士尼度假区于周四庆祝了开业十周年，总裁薛逸骏先生表示对该度假区的未来充满信心。结合语意，表示“第十个周年纪念日”，空处应用序数词tenth，表示“第十”。故填tenth。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：上海迪士尼度假区于周四庆祝了开业十周年，总裁薛逸骏先生表示对该度假区的未来充满信心。分析句子，空处应用介词with，构成with的复合结构，在句中作伴随状语。故填with。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：你会看到我们继续这样做。分析句子，空处引导表语从句，连接词在从句中作do的宾语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句。故填what。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：自开业以来，上海迪士尼度假区创造了许多记录，其中包括在开业第一年接待了1100多万游客，超过了市场预期。句中since表示“自从”，表示从开业到现在创造了许多记录，应用现在完成时，主语the Shanghai Disney Resort是单数，谓语使用has set。故填has set。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：自开业以来，上海迪士尼度假区创造了许多记录，其中包括在开业第一年接待了1100多万游客，超过了市场预期。分析句子，空处应用名词expectation，表示“期望”，作动词beat的宾语。故填expectation。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：第一个大规模扩建项目，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园于2018年4月26日开放，使上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园开放，自然而然就使得上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园，所以空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填making。
【42题详解】
考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：第一个大规模扩建项目，迪士尼皮克斯玩具总动员乐园于2018年4月26日开放，使上海迪士尼乐园成为开业后全球扩张速度最快的迪士尼乐园。after是介词，表示“在……之后”，后边可接名词作宾语，opening是名词，表示“开放”，也可接动名词形式作宾语，open与逻辑主语Shanghai Disneyland之间是被动关系，应用being opened。故填opening或being opened。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：第二个主要扩建项目是疯狂动物城主题公园，目前正在建设中。分析句子，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Zootopia themed land，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：上海财经大学何家敏教授说，度假村对该行业产生了积极影响，提高了服务质量，创新了旅游产品。结合语意，improving service quality与innovating tourism products并列，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：上海计划在2025年每年将风景名胜区和旅游项目数量翻一番，与去年相比，游客超过1000万人次。分析句子，空处修饰句子，应用副词形式作状语，annually是副词，表示“每年地”。故填annually。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华，你的爱尔兰好友Jim发来邮件说爱尔兰人微信群里多数人用真人照片做微信头像（profile photo/picture），觉得这样更能让别人信任自己，他想知道为什么多数中国人不用本人照片当头像。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
(1) 分析可能的原因；
(2) 给出你的观点；
(3) 期待回信。
注意：1. 写作词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am more than happy to hear from you and answer your question why Chinese people rarely show their faces on We-chat’s profile picture.
There are some reasons for the phenomenon. Some people don’t want to meet with ill comments on their appearances, some think of the profile picture as a chance to make a statement, which shows their personality, and others just want to protect their privacy because no one knows what strangers will do with that. I think avoiding our own photos makes the internet world funnier and more entertaining.
Looking forward to your early reply. Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的爱尔兰好友Jim发来邮件说爱尔兰人微信群里多数人用真人照片做微信头像，觉得这样更能让别人信任自己，他想知道为什么多数中国人不用本人照片当头像，要求考生用英文给他回复，分析可能的原因并给出你的观点。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：happy→delighted
展示：show→display
机会：chance→opportunity
认为：think→consider
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I think avoiding our own photos makes the internet world funnier and more entertaining.
拓展句：As far as I am concerned, avoiding our own photos makes the internet world funnier and more entertaining.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am more than happy to hear from you and answer your question why Chinese people rarely show their faces on We-chat’s profile picture.(why引导的同位语从句)
【高分句型2】Some people don’t want to meet with ill comments on their appearances, some think of the profile picture as a chance to make a statement, which shows their personality, and others just want to protect their privacy because no one knows what strangers will do with that.(which引导的非限制性定语从句、because引导原因状语从句以及what引导宾语从句)
第二节 (满分 25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
My cousin Allen, 19 years old, was the coolest star football player at the