(共30张PPT)
必修一 Unit 2
（WRITING WORKSHOP — READING CLUB 2 ）
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
1. 视域；视野；眼界 n _________
2. 吃惊的；惊奇的 adj _________
3. 补使大为吃惊；使感到惊愕 v _______
4. 补运动员；体育运动者 n ___________
5. 奖牌；勋章；纪念章 n _______
6. 回答；反应 n _________
7. 利用某物 _____________________
8. 防护；防御；保卫 v __________
sight
amaze
amazed
sportsman
medal
response
take advantage of sth
defend
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
9. 补攻击；进攻 n _______
10. 补定居（于）v ________
11. 柔韧性；灵活性 n ___________
12. 补sightseeing n ______________
13. cyclist n ______________________
14. overtake v ___________________
15. sportsmanship n ________________
16. bronze n _____________________
attack
settle
flexibility
骑自行车 / 摩托车的人
体育精神
青铜；深红褐色；铜牌
观光；游览
追上；超过
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
17. gesture n _____________________
18. 补settlement n _______________
19. 补settler n _______________
20. 补calorie n _________
21. 补towel n _____________
移居者；殖民者
卡路里
毛巾；纸巾
移民；殖民；定居点；解决；协议
表示；姿态；姿势
本单元词汇梳理
1. sight 词源同 see；意为“景点”时常用复数；sightseeing 表示“观光；游览”
词块：in / out of (one’s) sight, lose one’s sight, at first sight, at the sight of, catch sight of, come into sight, lose sight of, set one’s sights on
2. cyclist cycle + -ist (从事……的人 / 专家)
3. overtake over- (在上；超过）+ take (拿；取)
4. amazed amaze + -ed (形容词后缀)
5. sportsmanship sportsman (运动员) + -ship (名词后缀)
6. medal 词块：bronze / gold / silver medal
7. response 来自 respond（回答；回应；响应）
词块：in response (to)
8. *gesture gest (carry 携带，运输) + -ure（名词后缀）→ 手势用来运输（传递）信息以达到交流的目的。
9. flexibility flexible (灵活的) + -ity (名词后缀)
词根：flex (to bend)
sight
一词多义搭配义
重难点词精讲
settle
一词多义
搭配义
attack
一词多义
sight 词源
sight 来源于古英语动词 see， sight 是其名词形式，最初加名词后缀 th，后变成 t→sight ，即 the act of see。
[U] 视力；视觉：
have good / poor sight
When Shaw lost his sight, his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog.
[U] 看见；瞥见：
Just the sight of the monster made her go all weak.
[U] 视域；眼界；视线：
With the finishing line in sight all the cyclists began to speed up to cross it.
She never lets her daughter out of her sight.
课文
[C] 看见的事物；景象；情景：
The practice of hanging flags is a common sight
in many parts of the country on National day.
These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed from the valley floor.
[复数] 名胜；景点 = places of interests
Overseas visitors are impressed by the beautiful sights of Beijing.
所见之物
（基本义）
sight
看见的能力
看见的行为
看见的范围
看见的事物
看见的名胜古迹
视力；视觉
看见；瞥见
视域；眼界；视线
景象；情景
名胜；景点
sight语义网络图
at first sight 一见(就)；乍一看：
fall in love with sb at first sight
At first sight, there is nothing special about the watch, but in fact it is a mobile phone.
at the sight of 一看见：
Some people will faint at the sight of blood.
catch sight of 看见；发现：
Suddenly, I caught sight of my English teacher in the crowd.
sight 搭配
come into sight 进入视线；映入眼帘：
As the plane came down through the clouds, green fields and white houses came into sight.
lose sight of 看不见；忽略；忘记：
I lost sight of him in the crowd.
His grandfather, a banker, lost all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most.
set one’s sights on 以……为奋斗目标：
The player said that he had set his sights on winning the championship in the coming Olympics.
attack
attack v
vt & vi 攻击；进攻：
Travelers should not feed the wild animals in a close
distance because they may attack people. 2014 江西改
vt 抨击 to criticize sb / sth strongly：
His remarks were attacked in the newspaper.
vt (疾病、虫、化学物等) 侵袭；侵蚀：
The sugar in the soft drinks forms acid and attacks our
teeth. 外研新必修② – 1改
Recently, COVID-19 has attacked many countries.
词源：at- (朝、向) + tack (nail 钉子) → 钉向 → 攻击
[C] & [U] 攻击；进攻：
Soft styles use fluid movements and timing to avoid, deflect and redirect their opponent’s attacks.
When a plant is under attack, it sends out certain chemicals.
[C] & [U] 抨击：
a personal attack
[C] (疾病等) 侵袭；发作：
He suffered a heart attack.
attack n
课文
“攻击”人或物的身体
“攻击”人的作品
病、虫、化学物等“攻击”人 / 物
攻击；进攻
抨击
(疾病等)
侵袭；侵蚀
attack语义网络图
attack
攻击
基本义
攻击；进攻
抨击
(疾病等)
侵袭；发作
v
n
settle
猜猜 settle 的释义
Remember that everything can be settled by discussion.
I’m glad to learn that you’ve settled down in Boston and are getting used to the local way of life.
They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table.
vi & vt 坐下；（使）处于舒适的位置 to get into
or put sb into a comfortable position：
She settled herself into her chair and started to read.
vi & vt（移民、殖民）定居（于）to make a place your
permanent home：
In the 14th century, a community of Chinese migrants from Fujian settled in what was then the kingdom of Okinawa.
settle v 基本义 come to rest
课文
vi & vt 对某事达成一致意见；解决：
settle an argument / a problem
The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it. 2022 全国
vt [常用于被动语态] 确定；决定：
It was settled that they would get married in June.
1. She breathed deeply to settle her nerves.
2. A butterfly settled on a red flower.
3. Back in the hotel, an air of sadness settled over the group.
4. Depression settled over her like a heavy black cloud.
5. The house had been empty for years, and dust had settled on all the furniture.
根据 settle 的基本义 come to rest ，猜猜下列句子中settle 的意思。
使平静
降落
围绕
围绕
降落
停止移动、定下来
settle
基本义
人停止移动
人停止奔波
停止或结束争论分歧等
对某事达成一致意见；解决
定居
坐下；（使）处于舒适的位置
计划、安排、行程等定下来
（使）平静；（使）安定
情绪等定下来
抽象事物停止移动
降落；停留
围绕；充满
物停止移动
确定；决定
settle 语义网络图
settle down
舒适地坐下 / 躺下：
They put up the tent, and settled down to eat the sandwiches.
安顿下来；安定下来：
When are you going to get married and settle down
（使 ）安静；（使 ）平静：
She didn’t start the lesson until the pupils settled down.
settle (down) to 开始专心于；着手认真做：
With so much noise outside, I couldn’t settle down to my work.
settle for 勉强接受；将就：
She doesn’t settle for anything but the best.
重要搭配
词汇拓展
settlement n
[C] 定居点
[U] 移民；殖民；开拓：
the settlement of the American West
[C] 协议：
come to / reach a peace settlement with
[U] 解决；处理：
the settlement of an issue
settler n [C] 移居者；殖民者
随堂检测
翻译下列词块。
1. 丧失视力 ________________________
2. 一见钟情 / 一见倾心 ________________________
3. 相看两生厌 ________________________
4. 出现在视线中 ________________________
5. 一副惨兮兮的样子 ________________________
6. 壮观的景象 __________________________________
7. 看见某人 ________________________
sight
lose sb’s sight
love at first sight
can’t stand the sight of sb
come into sight
a sorry / pitiful sight
an impressive / a splendid sight
catch sight of sb
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.
___________
2. Plants grow more slowly in acidic (酸性的) soil, and also become
easily attacked by diseases. ___________
3. The police have been strongly attacked for not taking immediate action.
___________
4. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was
hit especially hard. (2016 北京) ___________
5. Her heart began to beat wildly, as if she were having a panic (恐慌)
attack. ___________
攻击；袭击
侵袭
抨击
袭击
侵袭
attack
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The company was ________ attack for its decision to cut down its staff.
2. He told me that I’d probably have _________ heart attack unless I
started eating less.
3. The traveler may fire at a wild beast to protect himself in case he
_____________ (attack). (2014 江西)
4. Milles’s most famous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack
_______________ the American system.
5. Oliver was unable to give police a description of his _____________
(attack).
under
a
is attacked
on / against
attacker
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The man let his eyes settle upon Peter’s face. ___________
2. An uneasy silence settled over the room. ___________
3. She didn’t start the lesson until the pupils settled down.
___________
4. We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.
___________
5. He also raised doubts about the American road map to a
peace settlement. ___________
落在 / 停留
弥漫 / 充满
安静下来
解决
和平协议
settle
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. 去年她从城里来就定居在这个村子里。
She came down last year and ________________________.
2. 虽然他跳得非常好,可是没有取得第一名,只好屈居第二了。
Although he was jumping so well, he failed to win the first prize and had to __________________.
3. 经过长时间讨论以后,他们选定了修建电站的地点。
After a long discussion they __________________ for the power station.
4. 我讨厌经常外出,我想结婚然后安顿下来。
I hate all this travel. I want to ________________________.
settled down in the village
settle for the second
settled on the site
get married and settle down
Thanks(共50张PPT)
必修一 Unit 2 （LESSON 3）
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
1. 使减轻；使解除 v __________
2. 加强；巩固；（使）强健 v _____________
3. 补体力；力气 n __________
4. 系统 n __________
5. （使）振作起来；（使）高兴起来 _________
6. 每周的；每周一次的 adj _________
7. 特定的；特别的 adj ____________
8. 尤其；特别 ______________
9. 利益；益处 n _________
relieve
strengthen
strength
system
cheer up
weekly
particular
in particular
benefit
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
10. 装备；设备；器械 n ____________
11. 有能力的；能干的 adj _________
12. 有能力做 ____________
13. 阻止；预防；防止 v _________
14. 疾病 n ________
15. 流；流动；流畅 n ______
16. 减轻；宽慰 n _______
17. 疼痛 n _______
18. 细节；琐事；详情 n _______
equipment
capable
prevent
disease
flow
relief
ache
detail
be capable of
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
19. 点击 v ________
20. 原理；原则 n ___________
21. 数量；数额；总数 n _________
22. 弄清；查明；设法确保 ___________
23. 骨头 n ______
24. 满意；满足；乐事 n ___________
25. 汗；辛苦的工作 n _______
26. immune system ____________
27. be fed up with _____________________
amount
make sure
bone
satisfaction
sweat
免疫系统
（对……）感到厌烦
principle
click
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
28. awkward adj ___________________________________
29. 补particularly adv ______________
30. membership n _____________________
31. 补equip v _____________
32. upper adj ___________________________
33. oxygen n ___________
34. guideline n _____________________
35. shortcut n ____________
特别；尤其
会员身份；会员资格
装备；配备
上方 / 部的；上层 / 流的
氧；氧气
指导方针；指导原则
捷径；近路
（动作）笨拙的；难为情的；令人尴尬的
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
36. overnight adj & adv ______________
________________
37. achievable adj ___________________
38. muscle n ________
39. overdo v ________________________
一下子；突然（的）
可达到的；可获得的
肌肉
把……做得过分 / 过火
整夜的 / 地；通宵的/ 地
本单元词汇梳理
1. relieve re- (again 再) + liev- (lift up, lighten 轻)+ -e → 再轻 → 减轻；词族：relieve, relief, relieved
2. strengthen strength (力量) + -en (to make)
词族：strong, strength, strengthen
3. system sy- (together) + st (to stand) → 站在一起构成整体 → 系统 (音译词)
词块：immune system；派生词：systematic
4. weekly week + -ly (每隔……时间)
同类词：daily, hourly, monthly
5. awkward awk (wrong) + -ward (向……的) → 向错误的方向 → 笨拙的 → 令人尴尬的
同义词：embarrassing, difficult, inconvenient
6. particular 词块：in particular; be particular about / over
7. benefit bene- (well 好) + fit (do, perform 做) → 做好处、善举 → 个人利益，即善有善报
词块：benefit from, be of great benefit
8. membership member + -ship (名词后缀：表示集体、资格)
词块：membership card
9. equipment equip + -ment (名词后缀)
词块：a piece of equipment
10. capable cap (to hold 抓住、持有) + -able (能……的) → 能抓住人或持有事物的 → 能干的
词块：be capable of
派生词：capability
11. prevent pre- (before 前、先) + vent (come 来) → 在到来前行动 → 阻止、预防
派生词：prevention
词块：prevent sb from doing sth
12. disease dis- (not 不) + ease (放松、舒服) → 不舒服 → 疾病
13. upper up 的比较级；词块：upper class
14. flow 一词多义：基本义“流动”
15. relief 来自 relieve (使减轻；使解除痛苦、忧愁等)
词块：in / with relief, to one’s relief
16. ache 近义词：hurt
17. guideline guide + line；词块：guidelines on
18. click 拟声词
词块：click on, a click of
19. detail de- (entirely 完全) + tail (cut into pieces 切碎) → 完全切碎 → 细节
词块：in detail, go into detail(s)
派生词：detailed
20. amount a- (to) + mount (mountain 山) → 到达山顶（最高处） → 总共达、合计 → 数量
词块：a large amount of; amount to
21. shortcut short + cut (n)
22. overnight over- (越过) + night (夜晚)
23. achievable achieve (完成) + -able (可……的)
24. muscle 词源：英语单词 muscle 来自拉丁语 musculus，是 mus (老鼠) 的指小形式，其实就是“小老鼠”的意思。古罗马人觉得鼓起的肌肉很像一只跳跃的小老鼠。希腊语和德语中，“肌肉”和“老鼠”就是同一个词，阿拉伯语中的“肌肉”和“老鼠”的拼写也很接近。
25. satisfaction 词族：satisfy, satisfied, satisfying, satisfaction
26. overdo over- (超过、过度) + do (做)
strength & strengthen
一词多义
awkward
benefit
flow
一词多义
一词多义
principle
搭配义
一词多义
后缀 -ly
话题词汇：Sports & Fitness
重难点词精讲
strength 词源
strength 的词源义为“bodily power”，即“力量”。strength 既可指人的身强力壮 (physically strong)，比如说你可以做 100 个俯卧撑，也可指人内心的强大 (mentally strong)。
构词法：
strong → strength → strengthen
strength n
[U] 体力；力气 the quality of being physically strong：
The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one’s strength, but also develop one’s character.
人身体的“力量”
[U] 意志力：
inner strength / strength of will
I hope you have / find the strength to start all over again.
[U] 强烈程度；深度：
the strength of public opinion
[U] 实力：
Political power depends upon economic strength.
人内心的“力量”
国家等集体的“力量”
抽象事物的“力量”
[C] 优点；长处：
Each of us has our own strengths
and weaknesses.
Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. 2020 全国
[C] & [U] 强度；浓度
【重要搭配】
go from strength to strength 不断壮大：
The company has gone from strength to strength since it was established five years ago.
人格的“力量”
物体或液体的“力量”
strength 的语义网络图
力量
（基本义）
strength
人身体的“力量”
人内心的“力量”
体力；力气
意志力
实力
强度；浓度
优点；长处
国家等集体的“力量”
人格的“力量”
物体或液体的“力量”
由个体到群体
由具象到抽象
由表及里
由人到物
基本义
抽象事物的“力量”
由具象到抽象
强烈程度；深度
strengthen vt & vi 加强；巩固 反 weaken：
The wind was strengthening.
I believe that this magazine will surely strengthen our ties.
The aim of the Belt and Road Initiative is to strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. 人教新选必④ – 3
strength 加后缀
-en 变成动词
漫威系列电影中有一位超级英雄——美国队长（Captain America）。他原本是个瘦弱的青年，注射超级血清后，成为了一名超级士兵。
Captain America
他有着超越常人的体能。
He has superhuman physical strength.
他有着坚定的信念和非凡的意志力。
He has a firm belief and owns remarkable strength of will.
他有很多的优点：正直、勇敢、坚持和高尚的品德。
He has many strengths: honesty, bravery, persistence and great character.
一群超级英雄聚集在一起组成了非常有实力的群体——复仇者联盟。
A group of super heroes join together and make the Avengers, a group with great strength.
美国队长的盾牌由“振金” 制成，强度 (strengths) 很高，能抵抗雷神之锤的攻击。
awkward adj
（动作）笨拙的；不舒适的；难为情的：
I feel awkward failing PE exams.
使用不便的；难以应付的 (difficult)：
an awkward machine
ask an awkward question
令人尴尬的；别扭的 embarrassing：
an awkward silence
不方便的 (inconvenient)：
Please arrange the next meeting at a less awkward time.
awkwardly adv 尴尬地
课文
…
Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 39 learning experience. I had never considered before how 40 awkward it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down, my 41 weight made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 42 locked. Then I wondered where to put my 43 feet. It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 44 place … (2013年全国卷I完形填空)
awkward 的常见释义是“尴尬的” 。但是在这道题目中，根据其语境，awkward 意为“困难的”，其同义词是 difficult。这层释义是我们不太熟悉的释义，表示“困难的”也很少想到用 awkward。这个词在高考完形填空中出现的频率相当高。
awkward 链接高考
an awkward gesture
an awkward peasant
an awkward instrument
an awkward situation
an awkward customer
an awkward moment
awkward 语境活译大挑战
笨拙的姿势
笨手笨脚的乡下人
不好用的仪器
棘手的情况
不好对付的顾客
尴尬的时刻
翻译下面的句子。
新鲜空气对我们的健康有好处。
The fresh air _____________ our health.
is good for
benefit
is of benefit to
benefits
n [C] & [U]
利益；益处 an advantage, improvement, or help that you get
from sth:
side benefit 2019 全国
There are many benefits of growing plants indoors. 2023 全国改
He has had the benefit of a first-class education.
津贴；救济金 (welfare)
benefit
【重要搭配】
be of benefit to 对……有益 (be beneficial to)：
Scientific research is of great benefit to mankind.
for sb’s benefit / for the benefit of sb 为了某人的利益：
The money is to be used for the benefit of the poor.
The books are very useful (= are of great use) to English learners.
Friends are very important (= are of great importance) to everyone.
The story he told me was very interesting (= was of great interest).
be of + 抽象名词 = be + 对应的形容词
vt & vi 有益于；受益：
The rain will benefit the crops greatly.
Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations.
I am sure everyone will benefit a lot from this activity.
benefit
beneficial
adj [正式用语]有益的；有利的 having a helpful or useful effect：
Exercise is highly beneficial to health.
In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.
【词汇拓展】
阳光对植物有益。
1. Sunshine __________ plants.
2. Plants __________ __________ sunshine.
3. Sunshine __________ __________ __________ plants.
4. Sunshine __________ __________ __________ __________ plants.
benefits
benefit
from
is
beneficial
to
is
of
benefit
to
Sunshine is good for plants.
翻译下面的句子（每空一词）。
flow
Man struggles upwards; water flows downwards.
The person who has no personality always goes with the flow.
Only dead fish follow the flow.
(液体、气体、电等) 流动；流出：
It’s here that the river flows down into the ocean.
A dirty stream often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. 2023 全国改
flow vi
[比喻人或事物像水一样] 流逝；流畅；流淌：
Time flows away.
Her hair flowed down over her shoulders.
Trucks and cars flowed along the highway.
■ n [C] & [U] 流；流动：
Running increases the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain.
free flow of information
课文
液体、气体、电等的“流动”
由具体到抽象
比喻人或事物像水一样“流动”
（液体、气体、电等） 流动；流出
（比喻人或事物像水一样）流逝；流畅；流淌
flow 语义网络图
流动、流出
flow
基本义
the Murphy’s law 墨菲定律
Newton’s third law 牛顿第三定律
Archimedes’ principle 阿基米德定律
Pareto’s principle 帕累托法则（二八定律）
Butterfly Effect 蝴蝶效应
catfish effect 鲶鱼效应
我们读到的“定律”“原理 (原则)”和“效应”……
principle
principle n
[C] 原理；原则 the basic idea that a plan
or system is based on：
Three Principles of Running
Excellent customer service should be our guiding principle.
[C] & [U] 道德准则；行为准则 a moral rule or belief about what is right and wrong, that influences how you behave：
I refuse to lie about it; it’s against my principles.
She’d never ask to borrow money, on principle.
[C] (机器等的) 工作原理；(自然界的) 定律；法则 a general or scientific law that explains how sth works or why sth happens：
Archimedes’ principle
课文
Archimedes’ principle
(General Physics) a law of physics stating that the apparent upward force (buoyancy) of a body immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid.
阿基米德定律
流体静力学的一个重要原理，它指出，浸入静止流体中的物体受到一个浮力，其大小等于该物体所排开的流体重量，方向竖直向上并通过所排开流体的形心。这结论是阿基米德首先提出的，故称阿基米德原理。
principle语义网络图
原理；原则
（基本义）
（机器等的）工作原理；（自然界的）定律
道德准则；行为
准则
行为的基本原则
事物运作的科学
原则
in principle
理论上；原则上：
I agree with it in principle but I doubt if it will happen in practice.
大体上；基本上：
We agree with it in principle but we still need to discuss the details.
说出下列句子中画线词的词性和词义。
1. The newspaper is published weekly. It is very popular with students.
___________
2. The most likely explanation is that his plane was delayed (晚点).
___________
3. I needn’t have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me. (2015 天津) ___________
4. Motherly love is to children what sunshine is to grass. ___________
后缀 -ly
adj 每周一次的
adj 可能的
adj 友好的
adj 母亲般的
英语中以 -ly 结尾的词大多为副词，但有些名词以-ly结尾也可构成形容词，此时后缀-ly意为“像……一样的”“具有……特质的”“每……一次的”。
话题词汇：Sports & Fitness
Sports & Fitness
Sports
condition
exercise
frequency
Fitness
never, seldom, sometimes, often,
regularly / frequently, usually,
weekly, daily,
always, etc.
be in good / great shape, be in bad / poor shape, etc.
bounce the ball, boxing, do a warm-up, do exercise, do gymnastics, go bowling, go cycling, go jogging, go skateboarding, go walking, play badminton, play basketball, play football, play golf, etc.
court, field, gymnasium (gym), track, etc.;
coach, fan, judge, on the bench, replacement, etc.
eat fruit and vegetables, eat healthy food, have a healthy and balanced diet, etc.;
play sports, etc.;
cycle to school, walk to school, etc.;
climb / walk up the stairs, etc.
habits
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中 strength 的释义。
1. Do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility （2022 新高考） ________
2. Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths. ________
3. The strength of a country does not rest upon economic development alone; it rests upon education, at least to the same extent. ________
4. Baijiu（白酒）is similar to vodka（伏特加）in terms of its texture（口感）, strength and appearance, but is said to have a sweeter taste. ________
5. Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life. （2020 山东） ________
strength
优点；长处
体力
实力
浓度
意志力
二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Governments cannot ignore the __________ (strong) of public opinion.
2. To avoid knee（膝盖）pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ________________ (strength) your leg muscles.（2018 全国语法填空）
三、根据所给汉语，用含有strength的词块完成下列句子。
1. To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _______________________（强项和弱项）.
2. I ________________（获得力量) every time I said, “Yes, I’ll try that. ”
3. Under Jobs, Apple Inc. __________________________________ （不断壮大), establishing itself as a byword（代名词）for innovation（创新）.
strengths and weaknesses
gained strength
has gone from strength to strength
strength
strengthen
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
_______________ 1. She liked to dance but felt awkward if someone was watching her.
_______________ 2. Just stop being so awkward and help me push the car, will you！
_______________ 3. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers. （2021 全国）
紧张的；不舒服的
不合作的
尴尬的
awkward
benefit
根据所给提示，将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can _________________________ （对我们都有益）.（2015 浙江书面表达）
2. In my opinion, students can ____________________________________
（从做家务中获益良多）.（2021 全国）
3. China has been pushing the reform （改革）of public hospitals ___________________________________________________ （为了所有市民的利益）.
4. The situation _________________________ （对任何人都没有好处）.
benefit us all
benefit a lot from doing some housework
for the benefit of all its citizens / for all its citizens’ benefit
is of no benefit to anyone
一、将下列短语或句子翻译成汉语。
1. flow freely _______________________
2. flow in the wind _______________________
3. Rivers flow into the sea. _______________________
4. The crowd flowed out of the station. _______________________
5. Tears flowed down his cheeks. _______________________
6. The colored flags flow in the wind. _______________________
7. The lines in this painting flow. _______________________
8. Her hair flowed down her back. _______________________
自由流动
在风中流动
百川归海。
人群涌出车站。
他泪流满面。
彩旗迎风飘扬。
这幅画线条流畅。
她的头发飘垂在她的背后。
flow
二、将下列短语或句子翻译成英语。
1. 气流 ___________________________
2. 数据流 ___________________________
3. 缓缓地流淌 ____________________________
4. 流入大海 ___________________________
5. 这条河流经这个城市。 ____________________________
6. 时间流逝。 ____________________________
7. 那条河自东向西流。 ____________________________
8. 河水漫过堤岸。 ___________________________
air flow
data flow
flow quietly
flow into the sea
The river flows through the city.
Time flows away.
The river flows from east to west.
The river flowed over the bank.
一、写出下列句子中 principle 的汉语释义。
1. In this lesson, you will learn the basic principles of art. _________
2. A true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of visiting the place. （2021 全国）_________
3. No one can fail to stand in awed （令人敬畏的）admiration of the great discoveries of history — Newton’s laws of motion, Kepler’s principles of planetary movement, Einstein’s general theory of relativity. _________
定律
原则
原理
principle
二、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. Anyway, I can’t cheat him — it’s ______________________
（违背我的原则）.
2. He won’t give in as it is a _________________ （原则问题）.
3. He’s a man who’s entirely _________________ （没有原则）.
4. While Mr Buffett’s advice is sound ________________ （原则上）,
it is not easy to put into practice.
5. Dr. Sun Yat-sen developed the well-known “ __________________ （三民主义）.”
without principle
matter of principle
against my principles
in principle
Three Principles of
the People
THANKS(共35张PPT)
必修一 Unit 2（LESSON 1）词汇讲解
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
1. 击败；战胜 v __________
2. 公司；商号 n __________
3. 男人；家伙 n __________
4. 冠军；优胜者 n __________
5. 投篮；射门；尝试 n _____________
6. 灵感；启发灵感的人 / 事物 _____________
7. 参加……选拔 / 试演 _____________
8. 渴望；欲望 n ___________
defeat
company
guy
champion
shot
desire
try out for
inspiration
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
9. 发出巨声；猛撞；猛击 v ________
10. 猛撞；猛击 ___________
11. （使）聚集；（使）聚拢 v ________
12. 聚集 ________________
13. 不再 ________________
14. （一）包；（一）捆；包裹 n ________
15. 使（某人）失望；辜负（某人） ________________
16. 额外的；外加的 adj ________
gather
not … any more
pack
extra
crash
crash into
let sb down
gather around
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
17. 取得成功；得到好结果 __________
18. 力量；活力；干劲 n ___________
19. 人群；观众 n _________
20. （为……）鼓掌；拍手 v ________
21. 博得；赢得 v ________
22. underdog n ______________________
23. *bench n __________________________
24. replacement n _____________________
处于劣势的人 / 队；弱方
长椅；长凳；替补队员席
更换；更替；替换的人 / 物
clap
earn
energy
crowd
pay off
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
25. keep up with ____________________________
26. sharply adv __________________
27. onto prep ___________________________
28. 补possession n ___________________________
29. 补possess v _____________________
拥有；占有；所有物；财产
拥有；占有；具有
到……之上；向……之上
急剧地；严厉地
跟上；了解（消息 / 形势等）
1. underdog under + dog
词源义：the beaten dog in a fight。underdog 一词最早出现于 19 世纪中期，源自于非法的斗狗行为，underdog 就是输掉战斗的犬只。
2. company com- (with, together 共同) + pan (bread 面包) + -y (名词后缀) → 一同分享面包的人 → 公司（公司就是一群共同挣面包、分面包的人组成的团队）
词块：set up / start a company, enjoy sb’s company,
keep company (with), keep sb company
本单元词汇梳理
3. guy 非正式用语 (对应 man)
4. champion champ (field 平地、战场) + -ion (人) → 战场上的胜利者 → 冠军
5. inspiration inspire + -ation (名词后缀)
词族：inspire, inspiration, inspired, inspiring
抽象名词具体化：启发灵感的人 / 事物
6. replacement replace (代替) + -ment (名词后缀)
7. desire 词源： from the stars（星星、星辰），词源 consider。古代的占星术是通过星辰移位来推测世事变迁，期望星辰按理想的状态运行，引申为“渴望”。
词块：satisfy one’s desire to do sth, a desire for, desire to do sth
8. crash 词源：拟声词，模仿碰撞的声音
一词多义：基本义“撞碎”
词块：crash into
9. gather 一词多义：基本义“使集中”
派生词：gathering
10. pack 名词动词化：（把……）打包；塞满
11. sharply sharp + -ly (副词后缀)
词族：sharp, sharpen, sharply
12. energy 一词多义：基本义“能”
词块：be full of energy
派生词：energetic
13. crowd 词块：a crowd of
派生词：crowded；词块：be crowded with
14. clap 拟声词，模仿鼓掌的声音
15. earn 词块： earn a / one’s living, earn money
crash
一词多义熟词生义
一词多义
gather
一词多义
pay off
重难点词精讲
desire
搭配义
辨析义
desire
■ n [C] & [U] 渴望；欲望：
Paul worked really hard and had a strong desire to play for the team.
Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. 2019 天津
She had little desire for power.
Confucius once said, “At seventy I can follow my heart’s desire.”
词源：from the stars (星星、星辰)，词源同 consider。古代的占星术是通过星辰移位来推测世事变迁，期望星辰按理想的状态运行，引申为“渴望”。
课文
■ vt［不用于进行时］［正式用语］渴望；期望：
He is truly rich who desires nothing.
desire to do sth:
He desired to win the game.
desirable adj［正式用语］值得做的；值得拥有的；理想的：
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. 2023 全国
辨析 desire, wish, want
三者都含有“想”“希望”之意。
desire 较正式，可代替 wish 和 want，强调主观愿望的热切，有“渴盼”的意思。
He got the book he desired.
wish 语气比 desire 弱，一般用于难以实现或不可能实现的愿望，强调主观愿望，有“希望、愿、想”之意。
I wish I could have a new car.
want 多用于口语和普通场合，有“想、要、需要”之意。
She wants me to go with her.
All I want is the truth.
crash 最初是一个象声词，模仿打碎的声音“哗啦……”；随着社会的发展，产生了“(公司等) 倒闭”“(股票) 暴跌”“(计算机等) 死机”等意思。名词释义是由动词释义转化而来。
crash (v) 出现于公元前14世纪晚期，词源义是“break in pieces (打碎)” 。
crash 词源解读
vi & vt （使）发出撞击声；（使）发出爆裂声：
crash v
Suddenly, a player and I crashed into each other.
The plates crashed to the floor.
She stormed out of the room and crashed the door shut behind her.
vi & vt （使飞机） 坠毁；（使汽车等） 猛撞：
The news that the plane had crashed made us sad.
He crashed his car into a wall.
vi （公司等）倒闭；（股票）暴跌；（计算机等）死机；崩溃：
The company crashed with debts of 2 million.
The computers that we use at the moment are old and slow, and they often crash.
课文
crash n [C]
[常用单数] 哗啦声；撞击声；爆裂声：
At that moment, we hear a huge crash and then silence.
碰撞 (事件)；(飞机) 坠毁：
All the passengers were killed in the plane crash.
暴跌；(计算机等的) 崩溃：
tips for fixing computer system crashes
crash 语义网络图
(使飞机) 坠毁
(公司等)倒闭
从撞击、爆裂声引申为相应的动作
由具体到抽象
crash
打碎（哗啦声）
词源义
(使汽车等) 猛撞
(股票)暴跌
(计算机等)死机
……
gather v
vi & vt (使) 聚集；(使) 聚拢：
The team gathered around, looking worried.
There are two parks less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where neighbourhood children gather to play. 2021 浙江
vt 搜集；采集 (collect)；[正式用语] 收 (庄稼等)：
Bees gather honey.
The harvest festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. 人教新③–1改
基本义——使集中
课文
gather v
vt 增加；vi 渐增；积聚：
He gathered (up) all his strength and decided to attend a job interview. 2013 山东
推测；认为：
I gather from your letter that you’ re not enjoying your job.
基本义——使集中
gathering n [C] 聚会；集会
（使）集中
gather
（词源义）
收拢；归拢
（使）聚集；（使）集合
使人“集中”
使分散的东西“集中”
采集；收割（庄稼等）
使植物、庄稼等“集中”
gather的语义网络图
使已知事物“集中”，产生想法
推测；认为
根据所给提示，完成句子。
团队合作获得了成功。
Teamwork ___________________.
paid off
succeeded
pay off
还清（欠债等）：
Once we’ve paid off the debts, we’ll owe money to no one.
取得成功；得到好结果：
All the extra hours that he’d spent practising alone paid off.
He studied hard before the examination, and it paid off. He made an A.
付清工资后解雇；遣散：
Over 1,000 workers will be paid off if this factory closes.
用于 pay off sth 或 pay sth off 结构。通常接 account, debt, loan 等作宾语。
用于 sth pay off 结构。通常用 effort, hard work, persistence 等作主语。
用于 pay sb off 结构。
pay off
课文
付清
（基本义）
还清（欠债等）
付清工资后解雇；遣散
“付清”工资后解雇某人
“付清”债务等
pay off 的语义网络图
取得成功；得到好结果
“付清”努力取得结果
随堂检测
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Greatness comes from a lasting desire __________ (explore).（2020 天津）
二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
1. She had little _____________（对……的欲望）power（权利）.
2. Reading _________________________________（满足了我想继续……的强烈渴望） learning.
desire
to explore
satisfies my strong desire to keep
desire for
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. At the centre of British skateboarding, the continuous crashing of skateboards
left your head ringing.（ 2021 全国改） ____________
2. When did the computer crash ____________
3. Car drivers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right
things to do on the road to avoid crashes. ____________
4. It was sad news that no one survived the AirAsia plane crash which happened
on December 28, 2014. ____________
发出撞击声
死机
碰撞（事件）
飞机失事；飞机坠毁事故
crash
5. The team crashed to their worst defeat this season.
________________
6. Investigators are still trying to figure out why the engines in
this plane lost power, forcing it to crash-land with more than
150 passengers on board. ________________
7. There was a crash of thunder just now. ________________
（比赛中）溃败；惨败
紧急迫降
一声炸雷；一声响雷
二、What does “crash a party” mean
To “crash a party” is an idiomatic expression that means to attend a party without receiving an invitation. This expression may have developed from the idea of breaking and entering. If uninvited guests want to find a way into a party, they would need to break in, probably resulting in the sound of a crash either through smashing glass or breaking furniture. Depending on the kind of party one is trying to attend, however, it is unlikely that one would actually have to break anything in order to enter. Typically the term “crash a party” is used by teens and college students to describe going to parties without an invitation. Most adults rarely crash a party.
________________________
擅自闯入宴会；不邀而至
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. （2019 北京）_________
2. By gathering regularly and sharing each other’s stories, these women formed a support group. _____________
3. The boy went door to door and gathered more than two hundred signatures （签名）to stop the development. （2014 湖南） _____________
4. The bicycle gathered speed as it went down the hill. _____________
5. It was late August and the harvest had been safely gathered in.
_____________
gather
聚集；召集
聚集；聚会
收集
加速
收割
二、根据所给提示，完成下列句子。
1. Every Tuesday afternoon, they _______________ （聚在一起）to exchange their ideas on books.
2. ______________________ （围着篝火）, the tourists danced with the local people.
3. However serious a problem you may have, you should ______________________ （鼓起勇气）to face the challenge.
4. _________________________ （用她搜集到的信息）in the camp she hopes to complete her project on wildlife.
Gathering around the fire
gather (up) your courage
gather together
With information she gathers
三、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. In the gathering darkness it was hard to see the ball.
____________
2. Bruce Pederson says the idea of sharing books is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home. （2016 全国） ____________
3. She was still trying to gather her thoughts together when the door opened. ____________
4. All was peaceful but then I saw Kathy’s hand moved and heard the scream. Gently I gathered up the little hurt one in my arms and said “Nice, nice sweetie” and I put a candy into her mouth. ____________
越来越暗；黑暗加剧
积灰
集中思想；整理思绪
拉近；拥抱
pay off
一、根据句意，选出 pay off 的最佳释义。
_____ 1. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is cleaner than ever.（2014 全国）
_____ 2. We decided to move there and tried to find a rental house that we could afford while also paying off a mortgage（抵押贷款） on our ruined house.
还清（欠债等） 取得成功；得到好结果
二、根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 他们将在 25 年内还清债务。
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
2. 辛勤的劳动没有白费。（2020 山东）_____________________________________________________
3. 我希望现在付出的努力会得到好结果。
_____________________________________________________
They will pay off their debts within 25 years. / Their debts will be paid off within 25 years.
Hard work pays off.
I hope that the great effort I am making will pay off.
4. 多亏了我最亲爱的老师，我所有的努力有了回报，最终我成了尖子生。(top) （2014 山东）
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________5. 这位运动员最后赢得奥运会金牌的时候，她多年的艰苦训练有了回报。
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Thanks to my dearest teacher, all my efforts paid off and finally I became a top student.
The athlete’s years of hard training paid off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
Thanks(共49张PPT)
必修一 Unit 2（LESSON 2）
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
1.（使）弹起；（使）反弹 v _______________
2. 腰带；皮带；地带 n _______________
3. 通告；布告；宣布 n _______________
4. 观众；听众 n _______________
5. 提醒 v _______________
6. 咬；叮；咬伤 v _______________
7. 禁止 v _______________
8. 事例；案例；情况 n _______________
9. 假使；以防（万一） _______________
bounce
announcement
audience
remind
bite
prohibit
case
belt
in case
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
10. 每年的；年度的 adj _______________
11. 申请；申请书；申请表 n _______________
12. 离开（工作、学校等）v _______________
13. 建议；指点 n _______________
14. 应当；应该 _______________
15. 占用 / 占去（时间、空间）v _______________
16. 补被占领的；被占用的 adj _______________
17. 令人失望的人；令人扫兴的事情 n _______________
quit
tip
ought to
occupy
occupied
disappointment
application
annual
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
18. boxing n _______________
19. defence n _________________
20. sign up (for) _____________________________
21. warm-up n _____________________
22. 补warm up _______________________
23. halfway adv ____________________
24. amazingly adv ___________________
报名参加（课程等）；登记注册
热身运动；准备活动
做准备动作 / 练习
在中途；不彻底地
惊人地；了不起地
后卫；防守队员
拳击
本单元词汇梳理
1. boxing box (v 击打) + -ing (名词后缀)
2. bounce 拟声词，模仿物体撞击后弹起的声音。
3. announcement announce (宣布) + -ment (名词后缀)
词块：make an announcement = announce
4. defence defend 的名词形式；
defend：de- (away 离开) + fend (to strike 击打) →（躲避打击）防护、防御（基本义）
词块：in one’s defence / in defence of
5. audience audi- (hear 听见) + ence（名词后缀）→ 听众
6. remind re- (again 又) + mind (v) → 再次注意 → 提醒
提醒：remind sb of / about sth, remind sb to do sth
使想起：remind sb of sb / sth
7. bite 词源义“咬；撕”，词源同bit。
词块：have / take a bite of = bite
8. prohibit pro- (forth 前) + hibit (hold 持 、握) → 预先把持住 → 禁止
prohibit 是正式用语；近义词：ban, forbid
9. case 词源义“落下”，落下意味着降临，降临意味着意外发生的情况或案例。
一词多义：基本义“事例；实例”
词块：in case, in case of
10. annual annu- (year 年) + -al (形容词后缀)
派生词：annually
11. application 来自 apply (应用)
词族：apply, applicant, application (App)
词块：a job application, fill in / out an application (form)
12. quit 意为“离开”、“停止”时是非正式用语 (对应leave)
词块：quit a job, quit school, quit (doing) sth
过去式、过去分词：quit / quitted, quit / quitted
13. halfway half + way
14. tip 音译词“贴士”
15. occupy oc- (over 整个) + cup- (grasp, seize 抓住) + -y → 整个抓住 → 占用
一词多义：基本义“占用”
词族：occupy, occupied, occupation
16. disappointment disappoint (使失望) + -ment (名词后缀)
词族：appoint, appointment, disappoint , disappointed, disappointing, disappointment
词块：to one’s disappointment
抽象名词具体化：令人失望的人；令人扫兴的事情
17. amazingly 词族：amaze, amazed, amazing, amazement, amazingly
remind
英语释义
搭配义
case
一词多义
熟词生义
application
quit
一词多义
一词多义
occupy
搭配义
前缀 re-
重难点词精讲
抽象名词具体化
defend & defence
一词多义
defend
defend 防御：de- 向下、离开。fend 击打，即击挡开、防御。
offend 冒犯、进攻 ：of- 向前、朝向。fend 击打，引申词义进攻、冒犯。
fence 隔开、击剑、篱笆 ：缩写自 defence 或 defense, 挡开。引申义击剑，篱笆等。
词源义“protect, guard”
构词：de- (away 离开) + fend (to strike 击打) → （躲避打击）防护、防御
vt & vi 防护；防御；保卫：
Many martial arts were invented because people
needed to defend themselves or protect others.
All our officers are trained to defend themselves from / against knife attacks.
vt 为……辩护；为……辩解：
Students should be ready to explain and defend their views.
The law allows people to defend themselves against a charge.
vt & vi (比赛中) 防守；防卫：
What are the forwards doing — attacking or defending
defender n [C] 守卫者； 防守队员；后卫
defend v
课文
defend, guard, protect 辨析
三者都含有“保护”之意。
defend 指“保卫”“防御”，指抵御或击退外来的攻击。
When the dog attacked me, I defended myself with a stick.
guard 指“守护”“看守”，指保持警惕或注意来防止危险发生。
The dog was guarding its owner’s luggage.
protect 语义范围广，指“保护”，以免遭受危险、伤害等。
We’re doing whatever we can to protect our environment from pollution.
在体育运动中，defend 和 guard 均指“防守”。
[U] 防御；保卫；防护：
She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence.
Terrified, Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew.
2020 浙江读后续写
[C] & [U] 防务；防御物；防御能力：
The body has natural defence mechanisms to protect it from disease.
[U] & [C] 辩护；辩解：
I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand.
[C] (体育运动中的) 后卫；防守队员
We won three-two. Our defence was excellent!
defence / defense n
课文
防护；防御；保卫
defend
防护
(基本义)
武力“防护”
为……辩护；为……辩解
(比赛中) 防守；防卫
比赛中“防护”
言语“防护”
defend 语义网络图
防御；保卫；防护
辩护；辩解
防务；防御物；防御能力
defence
后卫；防守队员
defend
remind 词源
re-：“回，向后；再”
-mind：“注意；留意”
remind：“再次注意”
提醒
1640s, “to remember,” from re- “again” + mind (v)
re- 前缀词汇：
remove 移动 review 复习
return 返回 recycle 重新利用
remind vt
提醒 to make sb remember sth that they must do:
Remind you, Jane. Take care. My wife got her purse picked at the station once.
① remind sb about / of:
I forgot to remind him about / of the time for the interview.
② remind sb to do sth:
Audiences are reminded to turn off the phones or put them on silence.
③ remind sb + (that) / wh-从句：
Her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. 2019 北京
课文
使想起 to make sb remember sb that they know or sth that happened in the past:
remind sb of sb / sth:
reminder n [C] 令人回忆的事物；提醒者；提醒物：
He placed the brochure on his desk as a reminder.
Bill reminded him of the day years ago when they had first met.
— Brad was Jane’s brother!
— No wonder he reminded me so much of Jane!
还记得早年间我们说“小事一桩”时，常用流行语“小 case”吗？它是怎么来的？这个土洋结合的词语，最先在港台地区出现。由于港台地区特殊的文化背景环境，产生了这个词语。后来通过港台影视作品传入内地。可是当我们学习单词 case 时，发现这不是个“小 case”。
case
case n [C]
事例；实例：
① 例子；案例 an example of a particular situation or of sth happening：
My experience in the English speech contest last October is a case in point (= a clear example of sth that you are discussing or explaining).
② 病例 an example of a disease or a person who has a disease：
Medical students study the case histories of many patients.
③ 案件：
Around 50 police officers are on the case.
④ 诉讼案；官司 a crime or illegal matter：
Marshall has dropped the case against us.
情况 a particular situation or a situation of a particular type：
in any case 在任何情况下；不管怎样：
I don’t see why I couldn’t do it. In any case, I’m going to try.
in case of [常用于官方通告] 在……情形时；万一：
In case of emergency, please call the Help Desk at 926-3736.
in … case(s) 在……情况下：
These ideas can be true in certain cases, but very wrong in others.
in no case 在任何情况下都不；决不：
In no case should you leave your post.
in this case 在这种情况下：
You may think of giving up study. In this case, just think it over before making the decision.
in no case 用于句首时，句子常用部分倒装语序
in that case 既然如此；那样的话：
— He didn’t want to talk to Sally.
— In that case why did he agree to meet her
in sb’s case 就某人的情况来说：
They say God rewards those who work hard and in my case it was true.
in the case of 就……来说；至于：
The amount of fruit in fruit juices must be 6% in the case of oranges.
(just) in case [可引导状语从句] 假使；以防 (万一)：
Wear gloves and mouth guards in case something happens.
I guess we’ve already talked about this but I’ll ask you again just in case.
the case 事实；实情：
There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science.
课文
证据；理由 a set of reasons why sth should happen or be done：
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism. 2023 全国
There is a strong case for getting parents more involved in the school’s activities.
箱子；盒子：
a pencil case / a packing case
a protective case 2020 全国
同形异义词指拼写相同，但意义毫不相同的词。常见的同形异义词有case, light, tear, lead, post 等。学习时要注意同形异义词与多义词的区别：同形异义词各源自不同的词，而多义词的词源是同一个词。多义词的释义之间有联系，而同形异义词的释义之间无联系。
同形异义词
事例；实例
（基本义）
case的语义网络图
日常生活或商业领域中的“事例；实例”
医生写的关于病人病情的“事例；实例”
与刑事等相关的警察处理的“事例；实例”
法庭或法院处理的“事例；实例”
例子；案例
病例
案件
诉讼案；官司
application
随着智能手机和平板电脑的普及，人们的日常生活、学习和工作已经离不开 APP了：吃饭可以用 APP 随时团购优惠券、或叫外卖；出行可以用 APP 约车、导航、购票；聊 QQ、发微信、购物、看视频甚至学习等都可以使用 APP。App 的读音应该是 / p/，它是 application 的缩写。
application 词源解读
application 的词源义已经消失了。随着时代的发展和社会的进步，逐渐衍生出其他的释义，特别是“申请（书）”和“应用程序”这两个释义，是到近现代才产生的。
申请；申请书；申请表：
a job application
accept / reject / turn down sb’s application
What should applicants do before filling out / in the application form 2021 北京
application n [C] & [U]
在高考中出现频率较高，需掌握常见搭配并会熟练运用
应用；运用；[缩略为app] 应用程序：
This is a new invention that will have a wide range of applications in industry.
释义 多出现于阅读文章中，侧重释义的理解
app 是英文 application 的缩写，由于 iPhone 和安卓系统的智能手机的流行，现在的 app 多指智能手机的第三方应用程序。目前最著名 App 商店就是 Apple 的 iTunes商店里面的App Store。
小贴士
quit
Winners never quit and quitters never win.
成功者永不放弃，放弃者永不胜利。
［非正式用语］离开（工作、学校等）：
I was so unprepared for my first run that I hurt myself and had to quit the race halfway.
quit a job / quit school
［非正式用语］停止；戒除 to stop doing sth bad or annoying：
He didn’t quit, and he became a great pianist.
quit doing sth:
My father has quit smoking at last.
关闭 / 退出（计算机程序等）
quit (quit / quitted, quit / quitted) vt & vi
课文
人总有三急，但最怕的是急时卫生间却在“使用中”，即 The rest room is occupied.
其实，这里 occupy 是占用的意思，即卫生间被人“占用”了。
occupy
occupy 词源解读
occupy 词源义：“占有(空间或时间)”，基本义是“占用”。
占领；占据：
During the war, Germany occupied many countries, including France.
占用 / 占去(时间、空间)(take up)：
I know you’ve had lots to occupy your time.
The bed seemed to occupy most of the room.
使忙碌：
His work occupies him for the whole day.
occupy vt
课文
occupied adj
(地方) 被占领的；被侵占的：反 unoccupied
[不用于名词前] 被占用的；有人使用的：
Sorry, this seat is occupied.
[不用于名词前] 忙于……的：
You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 8!
be occupied with (doing) sth / (in) doing sth:
I have been so occupied with work that I haven’t had time for social activities.
【拓展】
occupation n
[U] 占领；居住：
a country under occupation
the wildlife in occupation of the island
[C] 工作；职业：
What do you imagine will be your future occupation
占用occupy
基本义
人强行“占用”
某地
物“占用”面积、空间等
事情“占用”人或时间
占领；占据
占用 / 占去（时间、空间）
使忙碌
occupy 的语义网络图
（地方）被占领的；被侵占的
被占用的；有人使用的
忙于……的
occupied
occupy
前缀 re-
前缀 re- 意为“再”“又”“重新”，可加在名词或动词前，构成新的名词或动词。
写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. You can sell the phone and it can be recycled.（2017 北京）____________
2. Ten years later, I revisited the school to find out what had changed.
_____________
3. Click here to refresh the webpage and try the application again.
_____________
再利用 / 回收利用
重游
刷新
抽象名词具体化
在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been ___________ inspiration for Western creative（创意）.（2019 全国）
2. My magic water bottle will be __________ replacement for the traditional one which can change the temperature of the inside water.（2014 湖南改）
3. I always felt I was ___________ disappointment to my father, but he still loved me.
an
a
a
不可数的抽象名词可用来表示可数的人或物，即“抽象名词具体化”。此时，名词的数和词义都发生变化。表示抽象的概念时，前面不用冠词；表示具体的一个人或一件事时，前面通常用不定冠词。
4. My parents provided the ____________ (necessity) of life but they couldn’t give much more.
5. Many _____________ (charity) sent money to help the victims（受害者）of COVID-19.
charities
necessities
随堂检测
defend
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The traveler may fire at a wild beast to defend himself in case he is attacked. (2014 江西) ________
2. Politicians are skilled at defending themselves against their critics (批评家). ________
3. In the last ten minutes of the match, we needed to defend. ________
4. The CIA may have taught him first-class self-defence moves, but they didn’t show him how to talk to girls. (2014 全国) ________
5. Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one to blame. ________
6. What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game (2015 天津) ________
自卫
为自己辩护 / 辩解
防守
自卫术 / 防身术
防守
为……辩护 / 辩解
二、选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。
1. The dog was __________ its owner’s luggage.
2. The cover __________ the machine from dust.
3. He has two guns to help you ___________ yourself when you go outside with him.
guard defend protect
guarding
protects
defend
remind
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me ____ the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”.
（2021 新高考）
2. Mary, I reminded John __________ his promise to help
you.
3. He stopped to remind his managers ________ (talk) with
their teams about the company’s values.
4. The cottage stands proud in the Fitzroy Gardens as a
________ (remind) of life in the eighteenth century.
of
of / about
to talk
reminder
二、将下列句子译成英语。
1. 他在床头贴上姚明的照片，提醒自己牢记梦想。
___________________________________________________________
2.登上山顶后，连绵起伏的云海会提醒你，我们人类是多么渺小。
（2021新高考I）
The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will ________________________________.
3. 这幅图画使我想起了那些在逆境中成功的人。(unfavorable conditions) （北京书面表达）
_________________________________________________________
He put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to remind himself of his own dreams.
remind you how tiny we humans are
The picture reminds me of those who succeed in unfavorable conditions.
一、按要求完成下列各题。
1. 改错 This time, we stayed together, in case of anything else unusual happened. （2018 天津） ______________
2. 汉译英 _________________（事实常常是这样）that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. （2016 江苏）
3. 汉译英 We have to make sure that Mark knows what to do ________________________ （万一发生紧急情况）.（2014 湖北）
二、在空白处填入一个适当的词。
He may win the competition, in __________ case he is likely to get into the
national team.
which
case
in case of emergency
去掉of
It is often the case
三、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Everyone can learn, it’s just a case of practicing.
________________
2. The lack of evidence means that the case is unlikely to go to court.
________________
3. The most serious cases were treated at the scene of the accident.
________________
4. I know I was going to make it — that I wasn’t a hopeless case.
________________
5. I cannot make an exception in your case. ________________
无可救药的人
案件
伤员
……的问题
我不能对你破例。
将下列汉语译成英语。
1. 填写申请表 _______________________________
2. 申请信 ___________________________
3. 接受某人的申请 ___________________________
4. 拒绝某人的申请 ____________________________________
5. 求职信 ___________________________
fill in / out an application (form)
a letter of application
accept sb’s application
reject / turn down / refuse sb’s application
a job application
application
一、写出句子中画线部分精准的汉语释义。
I tried to quit smoking several times before I realised I was addicted.
__________________
二、选出能替换画线部分的单词。
Lauren Bath quit her job as a chef. (changed / left) __________________
三、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
我成功地戒掉了看电视。(quit doing sth)
____________________________________________________________
戒烟
I have successfully quit watching TV.
quit
changed
occupy
根据汉语或英语提示，完成下列句子。
1. Later I went to a café to have lunch, but ___________________________ （没有空桌子）. （2014 安徽）
2. ___________________________________ （她这会儿工作很忙）; she cannot speak to you.
3. Family photos ___________________________（差不多占了整个墙面）.
4. Problems at work continued to _________________________ （占据他的脑海）for some time.
5. The zone _________________________ （被占领的）contained
major industrial areas. (occupation)
all the tables were occupied
She’s occupied with work at the moment
occupied almost the entire wall
occupy his mind
under occupation
THANKS(共24张PPT)
必修一 Unit 2（TOPIC TALK）
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
1. 运动员 n _________
2. 更喜欢；更愿意 v _________
3. 而不是 ___________
4. 骑自行车 v ________
5. 跑道；径赛运动 n _______
6. 均衡的 adj ___________
7. 日常饮食；日常食物 n _________
8. 楼梯 n _________
athlete
prefer
cycle
rather than
track
balanced
diet
stair
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
9. 有规律地；定期地；经常 adv ___________
10. 在……范围 / 时间以内；不超过 prep ________
11. frequency n _____________________
12. rather adv __________
13. badminton n ______________
14. golf n _______________
15. gymnastics n_________________
16. jog v _______
频繁；发生率；频率
相当
羽毛球运动
高尔夫球运动
体操；体操训练
慢跑
within
regularly
单词预习检测 —— 英汉互译
17. bowling n ________________
18. skateboard v _______________
19. in good / bad shape _______________________________
n ____________________
21. court n _________________
网；球网；互联网
（网球等的）球场
身体健康 / 不健康；状态好 / 不好
保龄球运动
用滑板滑行
本单元词汇梳理
1. athlete 词源：在古希腊时期，人们在祭祀神祗时，往往会举办各种比赛，如赛跑、格斗等体育活动，还有戏剧、演讲等其他类型的比赛。比赛往往设有奖品，如桂冠。参与比赛、争夺奖品的人在希腊语中就被称为 athletes，字面意思就是“争夺奖品的人”，源自名词 athlon（奖品）及动词 athlein（争夺奖品）。英语单词 athlete 就来源于此，原本表示参与比赛的选手，后来词义缩小为参与体育比赛的选手。
派生词：athletic
2. frequency frequ- (regular 经常的) + -ency (名词后缀)
词族：frequent, frequently, frequency
3. badminton 词源：badminton 原本是个地名，是英国 Duke of Beaufort Badminton 庄园。当时的庄园主人改造了网球球拍，并在庄园中用其招待宾客。因此，羽毛球这种运动迅速在英国发展起来。由于它起源于 badminton 庄园，所以人们把它称作 badminton。
4. jog 派生词：jogging
词块：go jogging
5. cycle cycl- (ring, circle 圆、环) + -e
词族：cycle, cycling, recycle
6. skateboard skate + board
7. track 一词多义：基本义“足迹；（……）留下的痕迹”
词块：keep / lose track of
8. balanced balance + -ed (形容词后缀)
词块：a balanced diet
9. regularly regular (有规律的；经常的)+ -ly (副词后缀)
近义词：often
10. within with + in
词块：within reach
prefer
精准的汉语释义
track
一词多义
重难点词精讲
prefer
like … better 尤用于口语，而 prefer 不仅在口语中常用，在书面语中也常用。
like … better than …
prefer … to …
I like our new teacher better than the one we had before.
I prefer our new teacher to the one we had before.
比较下面两个句子：
prefer
vt [不用于进行时] 更喜欢；更愿意：
She prefers her coffee black.
① prefer sb / sth to do sth:
I’d prefer you to start early.
学习英语如果不懂背后的文化，那么就会很吃力，尤其是背后的引申义让人匪夷所思。white coffee 按字面意思就是白色咖啡，但是千万不要这样翻译，white coffee 是一个引申的短语，意思是牛奶咖啡。
white coffee 西方人解释是加牛奶或者稀奶油的咖啡； black coffee 也不是黑色咖啡的意思，而是原汁原味不加牛奶或糖的浓咖啡。
英美文化大讲堂
confidence man; black tea; old cat
Would you like black or white coffee
② prefer to do sth / doing sth:
I prefer to play sports with friends rather than exercise by myself.
I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sunday.
Students prefer to write with a pen and paper.
2023 天津
③ prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth:
I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better.
I would prefer reading books to watching television.
课文
preference n
[C] & [U] 偏爱；优先 (权)：
A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils.
[C] 偏爱的事物 / 人：
Wine or beer Which is your preference
preferred adj 首选的；有优先权的
词汇拓展
track
track
n [C]
[常用复数] 足迹；轨迹；车辙：
follow sb’s tracks
We saw wild animals’ tracks near the cave.
小路；小径：
It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track.
(铁路) 轨道；滑轨：
railway tracks
跑道；径赛运动：
the running track
track and field events
keep track of 与……保持联系；了解……的动态：
They read the newspapers every day to keep track of current events.
Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. 2022 全国
课文
lose track of 失去……的线索；与……失去联系；忘记：
The police have lost track of the criminals. I had so much fun that I lost track of time.
vt 跟踪；追踪：
Zac tracked down the medals’ rightful owners, and returned them. 2019 浙江改
track的语义网络图
足迹；（……）留下的痕迹
基本义
人、动物、车辆等经过后留下的痕迹
足迹；轨迹；车辙
被踩出的痕迹
火车沿着行驶的痕迹
跑道；径赛运动
小路；小径
轨道；滑轨
体育竞赛中沿着运动的痕迹
跟踪；追踪
v
随堂检测
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
Most people prefer _______________ a good life themselves. （2022 天津）
I prefer my English classes _______________ (teach) in English only.
I prefer going out for a more active life on Sundays to _________ (stay) at home all day.
二、根据所给提示，完成下列句子。
1. Some people _________________________（喜欢散步多于喜欢
爬山）.
2. My parents _____________________________（更喜欢早起）in the morning. （2014 四川）
to live / living
to be taught
staying
prefer walking to climbing
prefer getting up / to get up early
prefer
1. We __________________________（跟着熊留下的足迹）in the snow.
2. As a journalist, he has to ____________________（了解）events all over the Middle East.
3. Celebrities — famous people — worry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to _____________（忘记） who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them.（2013 北京）
4. The longest _____________（田径运动）event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk. （2020 全国）
一、根据所给提示，完成下列句子。
track
followed the bear’s tracks
keep track of
lose track of
track and field
二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track. （2015
陕西） __________
2. Within two years after her arrival in Canada, Diana at last achieved her original goal when her new store opened its doors in Toronto’s Sheppard Centre. She was on the fast-track to success. __________
3. The president of the Australasian Society for the Study of Obesity said parents needed help in doing their job and the Opposition Party’s policy might be on the right track. __________
步入正轨
成功在望
做法正确
Thanks
