平凉市灵台二中2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试
英 语
试卷共10页，卷面满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，留存试卷，交回答题卡。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5 分，满7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是 C。
1. How will the man get to work
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway.
2. What course will the woman take
A. Spanish. B. Photography. C. Art.
3. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a bus stop. B. At the airport. C. At a hotel.
4. Who will be the next CEO
A. Mr. Matthew. B. Mr. Jackson. C. Mr. King.
5. What time did the man finish his work
A.At about 9 o’clock p.m. B. At about 10 o’clock p.m. C. At about 12 o’clock at night.
第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers talking about
A. Where to go on a vacation.
B. How to choose a birthday gift.
C. What to wear for a job interview.
7. Why does the man want a new job
A. To try something new. B. To get a high position. C. To earn more money.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10 题。
8. What does the woman plan to do next month
A. Organize a meeting. B. Attend a conference. C. Take a vacation.
9. Where can the woman get the special form
A. From her manager. B. From the man. C. From the HR office.
10. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Friends. C. Classmates.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does Bruce ask for another copy of paper
A. The delivery was delayed.
B. His newspaper was damaged.
C. He couldn’t find the newspaper.
12. Where does Bruce want his newspaper to be put
A. In his yard. B. In his mailbox. C. In his hallway.
13. What will the woman do next
A. Visit Bruce’s place. B. Send an apology letter. C. Call the delivery person.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What causes the woman to have trouble making friends
A. Lack of social skills. B. Difference in interests. C. Unpopularity with other kids.
15. What do we know about the girl’s family
A. They enjoy a quiet life.
B. They prefer a social lifestyle.
C. They have a strict daily routine.
16. How does the woman feel about her lifestyle
A. Comfortable. B. Upset. C. Lonely.
17. What kind of friends does the girl want
A. Those who are easy-going.
B. Those who are hard-working.
C. Those who share similar hobbies.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What do we learn about the speaker’s mother
A. She made a lot of records.
B. She had a varied taste in music.
C. She once worked in the field of music.
19. What kind of music does the speaker hate
A. Classical music. B. Country music. C. Dance music.
20. Who has the biggest influence on the speaker in music
A. Her mom. B. Her sister. C. Her schoolmate.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Music Games for Kids: Teach Music in a Fun Way
DIY Band
Make a DIY band using objects around the house as musical instruments. For example, they can use pots and pans(平底锅) for drums, somebody can sing or whistle, and someone else can tap a spoon against empty glass bottles. This game not only teaches creativity but also excites an interest in musical instruments.
Musical Chairs
Musical chairs is excellent for training children's listening skills. Line up two rows of chairs back to back, with one less than the number of kids playing. When the music starts, the kids must walk in a line around the chairs. When the music stops, everyone needs to hurry and sit in a chair. The last person standing is out that round. One chair is removed, and the game continues until there is one winner.
Draw the Music
This activity encourages children to think creatively and use their imagination. Give each child paper and markers and play a song. Ask the children to draw how the music makes them feel or what they think the sounds would look like. There's no wrong or right here—it's just a bit of fun. But it's a great way to encourage a child's love of music and highlight how music can wake up emotions.
Yes/No Game
The Yes/No game is used as a warm-up for music class. The teacher will sing a few notes in a rhythm(韵律) with the words “yes” or “no” as each note. For example, they might sing a scale(音阶) with the words, “yes, yes, no, no, yes, no, yes.” The kids then must repeat the phrase back to the teacher with the opposite words, “no, no, yes, yes, no, yes, no.” This game is wonderful for teaching scales and encouraging musical memory.
21. What do DIY Band and Draw the Music have in common
A. They can develop kids' creativity.
B. They will enrich children's emotions.
C. They should use musical instruments.
D. They must include a large number of kids.
22. Which game relates to competing
A. DIY Band. B. Musical Chairs. C. Draw the Music. D. Yes/No Game.
23. What happens to students during the warm-up game for music class
A. They are grouped.
B. They practice memory.
C. They sing what the teacher sings.
D. They are required to answer questions.
B
When Montgomery was at college, he decided to study the Chinese language. “My friends laughed at my decision. Just like most Americans, they didn't know much about China then. Who knew what China would become in the 21st century ”he says.
To find a China-related job after graduating from university, he became a businessman related to US-China trade. Traveling and meeting people in different parts of China, he found that the more he learned about China, the more he was attracted by its history and culture.
When he found that there was no English podcast(播客) about Chinese history in 2010,he decided to launch one himself. He worked from home using very simple recording and editing facilities. Each of the half-hour episodes(集) took him 18 to 20 hours to research, write, record and edit.
“China has a great history. I try to get more Americans to appreciate it,” says Montgomery. “There are many topics to talk about. I use my common sense to feel what will be interesting to most people.”
His China History Podcast is now downloaded 1.5 million times a year, with audience from the United States, China and other countries.
“I downloaded a few episodes and discovered that they were perfect for those days when I drove a long distance. It turned the boring hours into enjoyable learning experiences,” says Seligman, 62, an author who spent eight years in China. “Montgomery brings Chinese history and culture to life in a completely new way. As you listen, you often get the impression that he was a witness(见证者) to the events he described,” says Seligman.
Many overseas Chinese are grateful to Montgomery for reconnecting them with their ancestral roots. And to his surprise, local Chinese are also welcoming the show as a great resource for learning English.
“After more than 25 years doing sales and marketing of ‘made in China’ products, I’ve now become a sort of a salesman of Chinese history,” says Montgomery.
24. What was Montgomery's friends' attitude towards his decision
A. Unconcerned. B. Curious. C. Unsupportive. D. Favorable.
25. How did Montgomery choose topics
A. By referring to similar works online.
B. On the basis of his own understanding.
C. Through recommendations from Chinese.
D. By using the knowledge learnt in college.
26. Which of the following can be used to describe Montgomery
A. Honest and generous. B. Focused and creative.
C. Intelligent and humorous. D. Strict and knowledgeable.
27. What is the suitable title for the text
A. “Selling” Chinese History to the World
B. Bringing Chinese Together Through Podcast
C. Exploring a New Resource for Language Learning
D. “Creating” History—Popularizing “Made in China” Products
C
Dog owners know that their dogs understand and answer orders such as “sit” and “stay”. Many believe that dogs also understand words connected to their favorite objects. “Bring me your ball” will often result in exactly that.
A new study in Hungary has found that beyond being able to answer orders like “roll over”, dogs can learn to colligate words with exact objects. This is a relationship with language called referential understanding that has been unproven in dogs.
The study involved 18 dogs and a medical procedure using electrodes（电极） attached to dogs’ heads to measure brain activity and record brainwaves. Dog owners taking part in the study would play an audio clip（音频片段） in which they said the name of their dog’s toy—like “ball” or “frisbee”—and then they would show the dog an object. The researchers measured the dogs’ brain activity when the object in the recording matched the object that was displayed and also when it differed. The study found a different brain pattern when the dogs were shown an object that matched the word compared to when it did not. The finding suggests the animals created a mental image of an object based on hearing the word for it.
Lill a Magyari, a co-lead writer of the study, said that while other animals have been shown to have some degree of referential understanding of language, those animals have usually been highly trained to do so. “In dogs,” she said, “the findings show that such abilities appear to be inborn and require no special training or talent.” “The study supports ideas about language evolution（发展） which say that referential understanding is not necessarily unique to humans,” added Magyari.
Scientists believe the first dogs began to be kept by humans up to 30,000 years ago. The animals have lived closely alongside us ever since. But whether dogs gain the ability to understand referential language during that evolution remains unclear.
28．What does the underlined word “colligate” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Compare. B．Connect. C．Exchange. D．Mix.
29．What did dog owners do in the study
A．They recorded their dog’s brainwaves. B．They measured their dog’s brain activity.
C．They played the well-prepared recordings. D．They called out their dog’s name repeatedly.
30．Which statement does Magyari probably agree with
A．Dogs may be smarter than imagined.
B．Dogs are the cleverest of all animals.
C．All animals have referential understanding.
D．Referential understanding is unique to humans.
31．What can be the best title for the text
A．Dogs Can Answer Specific Orders
B．Dogs Have Proven to Be Closest to Humans
C．Why Can Dogs Follow Our Orders
D．How Well Does Your Dog Understand You
D
Writing things out by hand might seem boring and slow. But handwriting can increase links（联系） across brain regions. That includes some with roles in learning and memory. The new finding adds to growing evidence of handwriting’s benefits.
Scientists researched on the brain activity of college students who wrote by hand or typed pared with when they typed, more of the students’ brain regions worked together when students wrote hurriedly with a pen. This condition also showed up in brainwaves—patterns of electrical activity—that have been linked with forming memories. That might mean writing notes by hand could improve memory of the material for a test, for instance.
Previous research had shown that handwriting improves spelling and the ability to remember what you’ve learned. Handwriting also strengthens the understanding of concepts（概念）.Scientists think that the slow process of tracing（描摹） out letters and words gives people more time to process material and learn it.
This new study indicates why handwriting seems so good for memory. “There is a key difference in brain organization for handwriting, when compared with typing,” says Ramesh, a scientist who works at the University of California, Merced. With handwriting, the researchers expected to see an increase of brain activity in areas linked to movement. But they also saw an improvement in certain waves related to learning and memory. And when students wrote by hand, interesting connections appeared.
Handwriting may aid learning. But typing is often easier, faster and more practical. So students and teachers alike should decide, based on the task, whether to write it out or type. For example, using handwriting to take notes might help you hang on to information, while typing an essay could help you get ideas down to the page faster, before you forget them.
Though more work is needed to find the best strategy for learning, handwriting has shown its value. So it shouldn’t be left behind in the digital age. “Schools need to bring in more handwriting into course design,” Ramesh says. Some places are even creating laws that would make students handwrite more.
32．What does the new study find about handwriting
A．It can strengthen one’s spelling ability. B．It can help throw light on concepts.
C．It can help master what you’ve learned. D．It can improve learning and memory.
33．How can handwriting benefit us
A．By separating our brain regions. B．By adding pressure to our brain.
C．By promoting our brain activity. D．By connecting our hands with the brain.
34．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about
A．Respective benefits of handwriting and typing.
B．Positive effects handwriting has on learning.
C．Advantages and disadvantages of handwriting.
D．Advantages that typing has over handwriting.
35．What’s Ramesh’s attitude toward handwriting in schools
A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Concerned. D．Indifferent.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A learning log（日志） is an educational tool designed to improve children’s learning experience. 36 It can be applied by homeschoolers and other students accepting non-traditional education as well.
A learning log can be used in a variety of ways. For example, students might be asked to take five minutes at the end of the class to write in their learning logs about what they learned. 37 Learning logs can also be used for taking notes, or for responding to reading, classroom learning, and other forms of input.
Teachers and students can work together with a learning log to set clear goals and to record the processes used to achieve those goals. For example, at the beginning of the term, a student might sit down with a teacher and produce a list of topics which he or she should be familiar with by the end of the term. Learning logs can also be used to record out-of-class experiences. 38
Teachers may regularly check a student’s learning log to see areas where the student may need improvement. For example, a student struggling in a science class might not be frank about the issue. 39 Recording this issue would allow the teacher to customize a response to the student to help him or her improve.
40 Some learning logs include the recording of homework lists, which parents can use to monitor（监督） their children and make sure that they’re doing all of their homework. And parents can find whether their kids have any problems related to study. If they do have some, they can take measures to help them in time.
A．It can be used in common school environments.
B．Parents can find learning logs are really helpful.
C．The log-keeper can clearly see how he or she has progressed.
D．Students take part in a school project and record it in a learning log.
E．This provides an opportunity for students to organize their thoughts.
F．But the learning log could show that the student was failing to master some concepts.
G．Students can use them to record learning experiences which occur beyond the schoolyard.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A, B、C、D四个进项中迭出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
British brothers James and Thomas Lindesay have spent months traveling across the Great Wall of China on foot. They 41 3,263 kilometres, a remarkable achievement at any time.
Their 42 to complete this adventure came from their father. William Lindesay, who 43 along the Wall decades ago and attracted a great deal of media attention. Born in 1956 in Liverpool, William became 44 about the Wall later in his life. In 1997, he made the 45 in China by hiking the Wall. He has committed over 30 years to the protection of the structure, and has 46 10 books on the Wall based on his knowledge and experiences.
His action and books influenced his two sons, who now share his 47 in the Wall. In 2016, the Lindesay brothers flew drones(无人机) at many 48 along the Wall and edited video works on the 49 of the Wall, hoping to keep it safe from damage. Not 50 with merely documenting parts of the Wall, the young brothers 51 wanted to find a new way to experience the structure and finally they 52 hiking its length, following in their father’s footsteps.
The brothers’ trip was 53 than they had imagined. They met many difficulties. But 54 the great wonder was life-changing which gave them a better 55 of the structure and the history behind it.
41. A. challenged B. covered C. measured D. expanded
42. A. desire B. tendency C. ability D. agreement
43. A. continued B. jogged C. journeyed D. researched
44. A. anxious B. particular C. serious D. enthusiastic
45. A. headlines B. changes C. connection D. difference
46. A. purchased B. recommended C. reviewed D. authored
47. A. pride B. success C. interest D. faith
48. A. buildings B. sections C. stages D. villages
49. A. preservation B. length C. foundation D. origin
50. A. familiar B. satisfied C. careful D. busy
51. A. gradually B. occasionally C. truly D. blindly
52. A. dreamed of B. carried on C. learned of D. decided on
53. A. tougher B. funner C. greater D. shorter
54. A. evaluating B. exploring C. repairing D. monitoring
55. A. memory B. assessment C. impression D. understanding
第二节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（满分15分）
With my new high school life 56 (begin), I feel a little anxious right now. I hope to make a good first 57 (impress) on new teachers. But I wonder whether I will make new friends or what if no one 58 (talk) to me.
To tell the truth, the maths class was difficult for me, 59 the teacher was kind and friendly. He told 60 (we) a funny story and every student laughed so much! In the afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson was 61 (interest), but the guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. Therefore, I couldn’t concentrate 62 the experiment. I 63 (real) wanted to tell him to be quiet and leave me alone!
All in all, the first day is 64 wonderful day. Though I was worried in the morning. I didn’t feel awkward or frightened at all. I believe I will make new friends in the new class here and there’s a lot of things 65 (explore) at senior high. I think that tomorrow will be a great day!
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
66.假定你是李华，你想邀请交换生Jim今年暑假一起参加一个为期两周的游泳课程。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1．课程简介；2．表达愿望。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
67.阅读下面材料。根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My dad is a truck driver, and when I was little, he was gone most of the time. So my mom was almost likc a single mother. My parents and I lived in a small house in Brighton,Colorado,where we had a big yard. We moved there on my third birthday.
My first memory was our neighbor Arlene handing me strawberries from her garden through a hole in the chain-link fencc. She and her husband, Bill, lived next door.Arlene spent a lot of time working in the garden, and I was always talking to her from our yard. I was a chatter-box. I think what drew me to Arlene and Rill is that they never got tired of listening to me gab（闲聊）.I also think Arlene saw a lot of herself in me-we were both lonely, anxious-and that may be why she always took the time to listen to me. Bill too. It was a wonderful connection.
One day,my parents asked Bill and Arlene whether they'd watch me while they went out on a date.This worked well for everyone, so it became a somewhat monthly thing. In fact, Arlene and Bill didn't have kids. They had a spare room in their house, which became "my room".I had a cabinet and boxes of toys and books in that room. Arlene and I would do crafts together.Bill taught me how to ride a bike and later how to drive the lawn tractor and eventually a car. He was always fixing something in his garage. I would wander over to talk to him, and he would always stop and listen to me,just like Arlene did.
When I was about five, I had an idea. My parents were watching TV when I spit it out: “What if I accepted Bill and Arlene as my grandparents " My parents said I could go over and ask them by myself.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右·2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1
Thenext day,I got up early, reudy to visit Bill and Arlene first.
Paragraph 2
Over the years,Bill and Arlene supported me in all mydreams.
答案
1-5 ABCBC 6-10 CABCA 11-15 BCABA 16-20 ACBBA
21-23 ABB 24-27 CBBA
28．B 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Many believe that dogs also understand words connected to their favorite objects.”和画线词前的“beyond being able to answer orders like…”,可知，一项新的研究发现，狗除了可以回应指令，还能学着把词语和对应的物品联系起来。由此可知， colligate意为“联系；联结”,connect与其同义。故选B。
29．C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Dog owners taking part in the study would play an audio clip in which they said the name of their dog’s toy...”可知，狗的主人会播放一段录音，在里面他们会读出狗喜欢的玩具名称。由此可知，在研究中，狗的主人会播放准备好的录音。故选C。
30．A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“while other animals have been shown to have some degree of referential understanding of language, those animals have usually been highly trained to do so. ‘…such abilities appear to be inborn and require no special training or talent.’”可知，那些在一定程度上可以理解语言指令的动物都是受过特殊训练的，而狗的这种能力似乎是天生的。由此可推断出，Magyari认为狗可能比我们想象的还要聪明。故选A。
31．D 主旨大意题。本文介绍了一项关于狗的最新研究发现：狗可能跟人一样，能在脑海中勾勒出听到的物体的形象；这意味着，狗可能真的能够“听懂”人类说的话，并将词语与实际的物品联系起来。不过这些研究发现目前还尚未被完全证明。由此可归纳出，D项（你的狗有多能理解你说的话呢 ）最适合作为本文的标题。故选D。
32．D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But handwriting can increase links across brain regions. That includes some with roles in learning and memory.”和第四段中的“But they also saw an improvement in certain waves related to learning and memory.”可知，手写可以促进大脑不同区域间的联系，从而有助于学习和记忆。由此可知，最新研究发现，手写有助于我们的学习和记忆。故选D。
33．C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“handwriting can increase links across brain regions”,第二段中的“more of the students’ brain regions worked together … ”和第四段中的“ the researchers expected to see an increase of brain activity in areas linked to movement”可知，在使用笔书写时，大脑不同区域间的联系会增多，与运动相关的大脑活动会增加，并且与学习和记忆相关的某些脑活动也会有提升。由此可推断出，手写是通过加强我们的大脑活动从而提高我们的学习和记忆。故选C。
34．A 主旨大意题。通读第五段可知，本段主要介绍了手写和打字两种方式各自的优点。故选A。
35．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ramesh说的“‘Schools need to bring in more handwriting into course design’”可知，他建议学校需要在课程设计中引入更多手写内容。由此可推断出，他对手写是支持的态度。故选B。
36．A 根据空后的“在家上学的学生和其他接受非传统教育的学生也可以使用它。”可知，该空应该和学习日志的使用范围有关，A项（它可以用于普通的学校环境中。）符合语境。故选A。
37．E 根据上一句中的“学生可能会被要求在课堂结尾花五分钟时间在学习日志中写下他们所学的内容”可知，这种做法为学生提供了整理思路的机会，E项可承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
38．G 空前的句子提到“学习日志也可以用来记录课外经历”，G项（学生可以用它们来记录发生在校园以外的学习经历。）可承接上文，进一步解释说明，G项中的learning experiences which occur beyond the schoolyard与上一句中的out-of-class experiences呼应。故选G。
39．F 空前的句子提到“在科学课上有困难的学生可能不会对这个问题（哪些地方需要改进）直言不讳”，空后提到“将这个问题记录在案，教师就可以更有针对性地应对学生，帮助他或她改进”，由此可知，该空与空前内容形成转折关系，说明“学习日志可以显示学生未掌握一些概念”。故选F。
40．B 该段主要说明了家长可以用学习日志来监督孩子，确认他们是否完成了所有的家庭作业。家长还可以通过学习日志发现孩子是否有任何与学习有关的问题，以便及时采取措施帮助他们，故B项（家长会发现学习日志真的很有帮助。）可以概括本段的主要内容。故选B。
41-45 BACDA 46-50 DCBAB 51-55 CDABD
56. beginning 57. impression 58. talks 59. but 60. us
61. interesting 62. on 63. really 64. a 65.to explore
66.Dear Jim,
The summer vacation is just around the corner, and I'm writing to invite you to join a two-week swimming course with me this summer. The course will teach us various swimming skills and techniques. It will be a great opportunity to improve our swimming abilities and have fun together. I really hope you can come with me.
Yours,
Li Hua
67
Paragraph 1
The next day, I got up early, ready to visit Bill and Arlene first. I nervously walked to their house and knocked on the door. When Arlene opened the door, I took a deep breath and asked them if they would like to be my grandparents. They both looked surprised at first, but then their faces lit up with big smiles. They happily agreed, and I felt a warmth spreading through my heart.
Paragraph 2
Over the years, Bill and Arlene supported me in all my dreams. They came to my school events, cheered me on in my sports games, and encouraged me to pursue my passions. They were always there for me, like a real family. Their love and support made me feel confident and secure. I will always be grateful for their presence in my life and the special bond we shared.
