2025届高三英语二轮复习语法：虚拟语气课件（共24张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2025届高三英语二轮复习语法：虚拟语气课件（共24张PPT) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-07-06 21:34:28 | ||
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(共24张PPT)
虚拟语气
(Subjunctive Mood)
一、虚拟条件句
目录
二、特殊情况下的虚拟语气
1. 虚拟条件句中主从句的谓语形式
2. 错综时间条件句
3. 虚拟条件句的省略与倒装
4.含蓄条件句
一、虚拟条件句
1.虚拟条件句中主从句的谓语形式
一、虚拟条件句
虚拟条件句，本身是条件状语从句的一种，只不过这个条件是虚拟的。表示“假如这件事情发生的话（实际基本不可能发生），你会怎么办”。这时候，为了表示出这个条件是虚拟的，我们可以把时态倒推一格，同时主语时态也要相应地倒推一格。
比如：
一般现在时：If I do... → If I did...
一般将来时：If I will do... → If I would do...
现在完成时：If I have done... → If I had done...
虚拟情况 从句谓语动词的形式 主句谓语动词的形式
与现在事实相反的假设 过去式（be一般用were） should/would/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反的假设 had+过去分词 should/would/could/might+动词原形
与将来事实相反的假设 过去式（be一般用were） Should+动词原形 Were to+动词原形 should/would/could/might+动词原形
1. 虚拟条件句中主从句的谓语形式
If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town.
如果我是你，我会选择在小城镇工作。（与现在事实相反）
If he had taken your advice, he would have passed the driving test. 他如果采纳了你的建议，就会通过驾照考试了。（与过去事实相反。）
If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, they would not go for a picnic.如果明天下雨的话，他们就不去野餐了。（与将来事实相反。）
一、虚拟条件句
2.错综时间条件句
错综时间条件句，又叫混合条件句。主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，其动词形式要根据时间而定。
If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night.
(现在—过去)
If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would recover already. (过去—现在)
If Mary helped Tom do the work today, it would be finished tomorrow afternoon. (现在—将来)
2、错综时间条件句
语法填空.
If we ___________ (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
had caught
3. 虚拟条件句的省略与倒装
If条件句中若含有were, had, should时，可以把if省略，把were, had, should移至主语前，构成倒装结构。
_____it not been for your generous help, we couldn’t have finished the project punctually.
_____ I followed his advice last week, I _______________ (stick) in such an annoying situation at the moment.
Had
Had
wouldn’t be stuck
4. 含蓄条件句
有时虚拟的条件并不是直接通过条件句来表示，而是通过一些词或短语体现出来，如without, but for, otherwise, or, but等，甚至暗含在上下文中，我们称之为“含蓄条件句”。
Without air, there would be no living things in the world.
没有空气，世界上就没有生物。
But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work on time.
要不是你的帮助，我们不可能按时完成这项工作。
I forget where I read the article, or I would show it to you now.
我忘记在哪儿读过这篇文章了，否则现在我会给你看看的。
二、特殊情况下的虚拟语气
(一）虚拟语气用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词性从句中，从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”形式。
（1）宾语从句：一坚持insist; 二命令order；三建议suggest, propose, advise; 四要求require, request, demand, ask; 五渴望desire, urge + that + 主语 + (should) do.
（2) suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词的表语从句、同位语从句要用虚拟语气。
It is demanded that students____________(make) their primary duty to complete the __________ (assign) independently before the deadline.(改错1处)
Her pale face suggested that she _____ in bad shape and I made a suggestion that a doctor ____________ (send) for immediately.
should make
assignment
it
was
should be sent
(3)用在”It + is/was + natural/necessary/strange/important等+that…”以及”It is/was + insisted/suggested/ordered等+that…”结构中的that引导的主语从句中。
____ is suggested that you should find out your strengths and weaknesses in your study and seek help from teachers as well as classmates when ___________ (face) difficulties.
It
facing
(二)虚拟语气用在in case, lest, for fear that 引导的状语从句中，表示“以防，以免”，从句的谓语形式常为“should+动词原形”
He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain.
误区警示：本句型有时可不用虚拟语气，而用一般现在时或一般过去时。
Here’s some money in case you need it. 这儿有些钱以备不时之需。
(三）wish后面所跟宾语从句的虚拟语气。
(1) 现在事实的虚拟：wish that+主语+动词过去式/were
(2)过去事实的虚拟：wish that+主语+had+过去分词
(3)将来事实的虚拟：wish that+主语+would/might+动词原形
在It is wished that …以及wish作名词时后面的表语或同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气。
If only 引导的感叹句，其形式和意义与wish相同。
If only I had another chance. 要是我再有一次机会就好了。
If only they were here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary. 要是他们在这就好了，我们就能给他们庆祝结婚周年纪念日了。
(四）虚拟语气用在as if /though引导的方式状语从句或表语从句中，表示“好像”，虚拟语气的形式和wish后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气形式相同。
They are talking as if the had been old friends.
误区警示：本句型有时用陈述语气表示实现的可能性很大。
It looks as if it is going to rain.
(五) It is (high/about) time (that)…的虚拟语气，意为“是该……的时候了”，含有建议的意思，从句的谓语动词用过去式或者“should+动词原形”形式。
It’s high time that you ______________________ (grasp) every chance to improve yourself.
grasped/should grasp
(六）would rather, would as soon, would sooner和 would prefer 表示”宁愿，但愿”，其后接从句时，如果表示现在或将来的愿望，谓语动词用一般过去时；如果表示过去的愿望，用过去完成时。
I’d rather you had not given up the job then.我宁愿你当时不放弃那个工作。
John wants to see me today. I would rather he came tomorrow than today. 我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。
(七）虚拟语气用在表示祝愿的句子中。
用动词原形：Long live the friendship!
May+动词原形：May you be happy!
_____ it not been for the sustained effort of the Chinese government, Meng Wanzhou, the chief financial officer of Huawei, who was _________ (illegal) taken into custody (羁押) ________ the Canadian Police, wouldn’t have broken loose from the electronic bracelet and returned to the warm embrace of our motherland.
Had
illegally
by
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
May you keep clam and succeed!
虚拟语气
(Subjunctive Mood)
一、虚拟条件句
目录
二、特殊情况下的虚拟语气
1. 虚拟条件句中主从句的谓语形式
2. 错综时间条件句
3. 虚拟条件句的省略与倒装
4.含蓄条件句
一、虚拟条件句
1.虚拟条件句中主从句的谓语形式
一、虚拟条件句
虚拟条件句，本身是条件状语从句的一种，只不过这个条件是虚拟的。表示“假如这件事情发生的话（实际基本不可能发生），你会怎么办”。这时候，为了表示出这个条件是虚拟的，我们可以把时态倒推一格，同时主语时态也要相应地倒推一格。
比如：
一般现在时：If I do... → If I did...
一般将来时：If I will do... → If I would do...
现在完成时：If I have done... → If I had done...
虚拟情况 从句谓语动词的形式 主句谓语动词的形式
与现在事实相反的假设 过去式（be一般用were） should/would/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反的假设 had+过去分词 should/would/could/might+动词原形
与将来事实相反的假设 过去式（be一般用were） Should+动词原形 Were to+动词原形 should/would/could/might+动词原形
1. 虚拟条件句中主从句的谓语形式
If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town.
如果我是你，我会选择在小城镇工作。（与现在事实相反）
If he had taken your advice, he would have passed the driving test. 他如果采纳了你的建议，就会通过驾照考试了。（与过去事实相反。）
If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, they would not go for a picnic.如果明天下雨的话，他们就不去野餐了。（与将来事实相反。）
一、虚拟条件句
2.错综时间条件句
错综时间条件句，又叫混合条件句。主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间，其动词形式要根据时间而定。
If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night.
(现在—过去)
If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would recover already. (过去—现在)
If Mary helped Tom do the work today, it would be finished tomorrow afternoon. (现在—将来)
2、错综时间条件句
语法填空.
If we ___________ (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
had caught
3. 虚拟条件句的省略与倒装
If条件句中若含有were, had, should时，可以把if省略，把were, had, should移至主语前，构成倒装结构。
_____it not been for your generous help, we couldn’t have finished the project punctually.
_____ I followed his advice last week, I _______________ (stick) in such an annoying situation at the moment.
Had
Had
wouldn’t be stuck
4. 含蓄条件句
有时虚拟的条件并不是直接通过条件句来表示，而是通过一些词或短语体现出来，如without, but for, otherwise, or, but等，甚至暗含在上下文中，我们称之为“含蓄条件句”。
Without air, there would be no living things in the world.
没有空气，世界上就没有生物。
But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work on time.
要不是你的帮助，我们不可能按时完成这项工作。
I forget where I read the article, or I would show it to you now.
我忘记在哪儿读过这篇文章了，否则现在我会给你看看的。
二、特殊情况下的虚拟语气
(一）虚拟语气用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词性从句中，从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”形式。
（1）宾语从句：一坚持insist; 二命令order；三建议suggest, propose, advise; 四要求require, request, demand, ask; 五渴望desire, urge + that + 主语 + (should) do.
（2) suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词的表语从句、同位语从句要用虚拟语气。
It is demanded that students____________(make) their primary duty to complete the __________ (assign) independently before the deadline.(改错1处)
Her pale face suggested that she _____ in bad shape and I made a suggestion that a doctor ____________ (send) for immediately.
should make
assignment
it
was
should be sent
(3)用在”It + is/was + natural/necessary/strange/important等+that…”以及”It is/was + insisted/suggested/ordered等+that…”结构中的that引导的主语从句中。
____ is suggested that you should find out your strengths and weaknesses in your study and seek help from teachers as well as classmates when ___________ (face) difficulties.
It
facing
(二)虚拟语气用在in case, lest, for fear that 引导的状语从句中，表示“以防，以免”，从句的谓语形式常为“should+动词原形”
He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain.
误区警示：本句型有时可不用虚拟语气，而用一般现在时或一般过去时。
Here’s some money in case you need it. 这儿有些钱以备不时之需。
(三）wish后面所跟宾语从句的虚拟语气。
(1) 现在事实的虚拟：wish that+主语+动词过去式/were
(2)过去事实的虚拟：wish that+主语+had+过去分词
(3)将来事实的虚拟：wish that+主语+would/might+动词原形
在It is wished that …以及wish作名词时后面的表语或同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气。
If only 引导的感叹句，其形式和意义与wish相同。
If only I had another chance. 要是我再有一次机会就好了。
If only they were here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary. 要是他们在这就好了，我们就能给他们庆祝结婚周年纪念日了。
(四）虚拟语气用在as if /though引导的方式状语从句或表语从句中，表示“好像”，虚拟语气的形式和wish后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气形式相同。
They are talking as if the had been old friends.
误区警示：本句型有时用陈述语气表示实现的可能性很大。
It looks as if it is going to rain.
(五) It is (high/about) time (that)…的虚拟语气，意为“是该……的时候了”，含有建议的意思，从句的谓语动词用过去式或者“should+动词原形”形式。
It’s high time that you ______________________ (grasp) every chance to improve yourself.
grasped/should grasp
(六）would rather, would as soon, would sooner和 would prefer 表示”宁愿，但愿”，其后接从句时，如果表示现在或将来的愿望，谓语动词用一般过去时；如果表示过去的愿望，用过去完成时。
I’d rather you had not given up the job then.我宁愿你当时不放弃那个工作。
John wants to see me today. I would rather he came tomorrow than today. 我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。
(七）虚拟语气用在表示祝愿的句子中。
用动词原形：Long live the friendship!
May+动词原形：May you be happy!
_____ it not been for the sustained effort of the Chinese government, Meng Wanzhou, the chief financial officer of Huawei, who was _________ (illegal) taken into custody (羁押) ________ the Canadian Police, wouldn’t have broken loose from the electronic bracelet and returned to the warm embrace of our motherland.
Had
illegally
by
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
May you keep clam and succeed!