《中考宝典》2016广东省中考英语复习（语法考点）课件：句子种类及其考点

课件38张PPT。句子种类中考语法 句子概述 句子按其使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句；句子按其结构又可分为简单句、并列句和主从复合句。考点分布 1. 句子种类
（1）陈述句（肯定式和否定式）
（2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句）
（3）祈使句（肯定式和否定式）
（4）感叹句
2. 简单句的五种基本句型
（1）主语＋系动词＋表语
（2）主语＋不及物动词
（3）主语＋及物动词＋宾语考点分布 （4）主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
（5）主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补
（6）there be句型
3. 并列句
4. 主从复合句
（1）宾语从句
（2）状语从句
（3）定语从句考点梳理 考点一 简单句的五种基本类型及there be句型考点梳理 【考点精练】( ) 1. There ________ a great concert in the theater next Saturday evening.
A. will be B. will have C. has D. is going to have
( ) 2. My parents ________ about 1000 yuan for my school education each year.
A. spend B. take C. cost D. pay
( ) 3. —Will you please ________ us a story, Miss Green? —OK, shall I ________ it in English or in Chinese?
A. tell; speak B. talk; speak C. tell; say D. talk; say
( ) 4. What did the manager ________ you to _______ at the meeting.
A. tell; say B. ask; speak C. tell; speak D. ask; talkADCA考点梳理 考点二 陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。陈述句包括肯定句和否定句考点梳理 将以下句子变为否定句：
5. We do eye exercises every day.
We _________ _________ eye exercises every day.
6. There is something wrong with the radio.
___________ _________ wrong with the radio.
7. Tom always goes to bed at twelve.
Tom _________ __________ to bed at twelve.
8. You’d better help him with his maths.
You __________ _________ __________ help him with his maths.【考点精练】don’tdo Nothingis nevergoes hadbetternot 考点梳理 考点三 疑问句 用来提出问题的句子。包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句考点梳理 考点梳理 ( ) 9.—Have you ever seen the TV show Where Are We Going, DAD?
— ______. I think it’s quite moving and funny.
A. Yes, I have B. No, I haven’t C. Yes, he has D. No, she hasn’t
( ) 10. — __________ will the fog and haze
(雾霾) last?
—I’ve no idea. There is no sign of an end.
A. How soon B. How far
C. How long D. How oftenAA【考点精练】考点梳理 ( ) 11. — _______ do you go to Weifang Theatre? — Once a month.
A. How soon B. How often C. How much D. How long
( ) 12. — _________ are you going to the School Uniform Exhibition, Amy ?
—To learn about different styles of school uniform.
A. What B. Where C. Why D. Which
BC【考点精练】考点梳理 考点四 祈使句 提出请求、建议或发出命令等。以动词原形开头（否定形式在前面加Don’t），常在句首或句末加上please。如：Sit down, please.
Don’t talk in class. ( ) 13. —Sorry I’m late.
— ______ tell me the bus broke down again!
A. Never to B. Not
C. Don’t D. No
( ) 14. —It’s late, Teresa. ______ earlier next time and you’ll have enough time to have breakfast.
—OK, Muni I’ll remember.
A. Get up B. Getting up
C. To get up D. Got upCA考点梳理 考点五 感叹句 表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、赞美、厌恶或愤怒等情绪。考点梳理 ( ) 15. _______ weather it is today!
A. What hot B. How hot C. What a hot D. How a hot
( ) 16. — _________ fantastic documentary it is!
—Do you mean the hot film “Diaoyu Island—The Truth”?
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
( ) 17. _______ honest man he is!
A. What B. What an
C. How D. How an
( ) 18. — _________ brave Zhang Hua is!
—Yes. He helped his neighbor, Mrs Sun out of the fire.
A. What a B. How C. How a D. WhatAD【考点精练】BB考点梳理 考点六 并列句 包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词and, or, but, so, yet, for或分号来连接，并列句在用法上互不依从，意义上却有密切的关系。
1. 分句与分句之间的四种关系：
（1）联合关系；如：I’m speaking and you are listening to me.
（2）转折关系；如：I help him with his English every day, but he is still bad at it.
（3）选择关系；如：Work harder, or you will fall behind others.
（4）因果关系。如：He got up late this morning, so he was late for school.考点梳理 2. so +助动词+主语和 so + 主语 + 助动词
so+助动词+主语这个结构主要用来说明前面所说的情况也适用于后面的人或物，意为“…也一样”。该结构中的助动词可以是：be动词，情态动词和助动词。如：He can speak English, so can I. She is 14 years old, so am I. I study hard, so do they.其否定结构为：neither/nor + 助动词/be动词/情态动词 + 主语。
so+主语+助动词这个结构主要用于加强语气，意为“的确如此，确实如此”，表示后者赞同前者的话或意见，只是进一步强调并重复前句所述内容。前后句的主语指的是同一个人或物。如：—He has done a good job.
—So he has.考点梳理 ( ) 19.－I have read the book Sense and Sensibility. －________________.
So have I B. Neither have I
C. So I have D. So has I
( ) 20. —Jack went to see the man who was in hospital yesterday. —__________.
A. So did he B. So he did
C. He did so D. Did so he
( ) 21. —Will you go to Peter’s party this Saturday evening?
—I haven’t decided yet. If you don’t go, ______.
so will I B. neither do I
C. neither will I D. neither I will
( ) 22. —I’m not going swimming this afternoon.
—_______________. I have to help my mother do some cleaning.
A. So am I. B. So I am. C. Neither am I. D. Neither I am.AB【考点精练】CC考点梳理 考点七 宾语从句 宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句子中起名词作用，相当于一个名词词组，在全句中充当主语的宾语。要注意宾语从句的三要素，即：连接词、从句的时态和从句的语序。考点梳理 考点梳理 ( ) 23.—Can you tell me _____________?
—Yes, it’s on Xinhua Street.
A. how can I get to the bookstore
B. where the bookstore is
C. where is the bookstore
D. what is the bookstore
( ) 24. —We have no idea _____.
—It’s heard that he is Mr. Green’s son.
A. where he comes from B. if does he live here
C. who he is D. who is he
( ) 25. —Dad, can you tell me _______ to the amusement park?
—The day after tomorrow.
A. when we are going B. when we went
C. when are we going D. when did we go
BC【考点精练】A考点梳理 ( ) 26. The teacher asked the students_____________.
A. why the earth went around the sun
B. why does the earth go around the sun
C. why the earth goes around the sunC【考点精练】考点梳理 考点八 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：
1. I like music that I can dance to. (music 是先行词，that是关系代词)
2. He is the man who I met yesterday. ( man是先行词，who是关系代词)
定语从句所修饰的词 叫先行词。 定语从句放在先行词后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who, which, whose和关系副词where ,when, why, 关系代词和关系副词是引导词，在定语从句中有三个作用：
1. 连接主从句；2. 指代先行词；3. 在从句中充当某一成分。用法见下表：考点梳理 考点梳理 注意：下列情况下关系代词只用that
1. 当先行词是不定代词all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时。
I have said all that I want to say.
2. 当先行词被最高级、序数词以及the very, the only修饰时。如：
This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.
This is the very book that I want to buy.
3. 当先行词被all, little, much, some, any, no, every等词修饰时。如：There is little work that you can do.
4. 先行词既包括人，也包括物。如：
They always like to talk about the man and the things that they see on the road.
5. 当主句是以which 或who 开头的特殊疑问句时。 如：Who is the man that opened up the lab.考点梳理 ( ) 27. — Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?
— I’m not sure. Is it in the hall ________ can hold 300 people?
A. where B. what C. that D. when
( ) 28. —Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China《舌尖上的中国》?
—Yeah! It’s?the?most funny?one?______?
I?have?ever?seen.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
( ) 29. After Mandela was free (自由的) in 1990, he chose to shake hands with the people ________ wanted to kill him.
A. whose B. which C. / D. whoCA【考点精练】D考点梳理 ( ) 30. I will never forget the day____ we spent in the old town with small houses.
A. who B. whom C. that D. what
C【考点精练】考点梳理 考点九 状语从句 状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。
各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：考点梳理 ( ) 31.－Henry, please call us as soon as you________ Hawaii.
－OK. I’ll do that, Mom.
A. arrive in B. are arriving in C. will arrive at D.arrive at
( ) 32. Amy was reading a book _________ I came in.
A. when B. while C. because D. thoughAA【考点精练】1. 时间状语从句
I was doing my homework when my mother came back.
= While I was doing my homework , my mother came back.考点梳理 2. 条件状语从句
You will fall behind your classmates unless you work harder.
=You will fall behind your classmates if you don’t work harder.
注意：在时间状语从句（since除外）和条件状语从句中，从句常用一般现在时表将来，即：主将从现考点梳理 ( ) 33. —I want to know if Maria _________ us in the fashion show tonight.
—I believe if she ________ her homework, she will join us.
A. joins; finishes
B. will join; finishes
C. joins; will finish
D. will join; will join
( ) 34. ________ you read it, you can’t imagine how moving the story is.
A. Unless B. Because
C. Although D. IfAB【考点精练】考点梳理 3. 原因状语从句
Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.
由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。( ) 35. Tony never spends money in buying books_______ he doesn’t like reading.
A. but B. because C. though D. until
( ) 36. _______ there are too many people here, _______ we have to find another house.
A. Because; so B. Though; but C. Since; / D. /; if BC【考点精练】考点梳理 4. 地点状语从句
Put it where we can all see it.
把它放在我们都能看到的位置。
5. 目的状语从句
Finish this so that you can start another.
把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。( ) 37. —Susan, what are the advantages of MP5 players?
—Mum, they are smaller and lighter _______they can be carried very easily.
A. unless B. if C. until D. so thatD【考点精练】考点梳理 6. 结果状语从句
He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.
他气得说不出话了。
注意两种句式：
so + 形/副 + that 如此…以致于…
such+(a / an) + 形 + 名 + that
如此…以致于…
Tom is so clever that he learns Chinese well.
=Tom is such a clever boy that he learns Chinese well.考点梳理 ( ) 38. He dressed ________ quickly________ he put his shoes on the wrong feet.
A. so; as
B. such; that
C. so; that
D. such a；that
( ) 39. She was ___________ we all like her.
A. such a good singer
B. such a good singer that
C. a very good singer that
D. so good singer thatCB【考点精练】考点梳理 7. 让步状语从句
Though he is in poor health, he works hard.
虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。
注意：though / although与but不能同时出现在一个句子里。( ) 40. —How do you like the concert given by F. I. R.?
—Exciting, _______ one piece of the music wasn’t played quite well.
A. though B. because C. so D. andA【考点精练】考点梳理 8. 方式状语从句
Students do as the teachers say.
学生们按照老师说的去做。( ) 41. Tom laughed _______ the others did, ________ he didn’t understand the story.
A. like; though B. as; though
C. like; because D. as; asB【考点精练】9. 比较状语从句
The work isn’t as easy as I thought.
这项工作比我想象得难。考点梳理 【备考策略】 句子种类在听力、单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、短文填空以及书面表达中都有很多考查。掌握句子种类及其结构是学好英语的关键。所以要从下角度来备考：
1. 要熟记各种句子类型的结构，学会分析并加以灵活运用；
2. 宾语从句要注意连接词、时态和语序三要素；
3. 定语从句只考查关系代词的用法，要注意关系代词不仅仅起连接词的作用，而且还在从句中充当句子成分，要能分清关系代词在从句中充当的句子成分；当然还有只用that的特殊情况。
4. 状语从句要能分清主从句之间的逻辑关系，灵活使用连接词及主从句时态的一致。