Unit 8 Natural disasters
【B 卷（能力提升）】
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共 8 页。全卷满分 90 分。考试时间为 90 分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在
答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、
考试证号用 0. 5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他
答案。答非选择题必须用 0. 5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共 40 分）
一、单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．—I have got a new Huawei P50, but I don’t know how to use it.
—It doesn’t matter. Just follow the ________.
A．instruction B．direction C．advertisement D．information
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我有一个新的华为 P50，但我不知道如何使用它。——没关系。只需按照说明操作即
可。考查名词辨析。instruction 说明；direction 方向；advertisement 广告；information 信息。根据“I have got
a new Huawei P50, but I don’t know how to use it.”可知，如何使用新手机应按照“说明”操作。故选 A。
2．—What is going on with the traffic accident there
—Police find out ________ how the accident happened.
A．nearly B．mostly C．exactly D．really
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——那里的交通事故是怎么回事？——警察确切地查明了事故是如何发生的。
考查副词辨析。nearly 几乎；mostly 主要地；exactly 准确地；really 真地。根据“find out”可知，警察确切
地查明了事故发生的原因，exactly 符合语境。故选 C。
3．—Dad, why do those people sleep in the tents at night
—Because their houses ________ in the terrible rainstorm.
A．came down B．broke down C．calmed down D．turned down
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——爸爸，为什么那些人晚上睡在帐篷里？——因为他们的房子在可怕的暴风雨中倒塌了。
考查动词短语。come down 倒塌；broke down 发生故障；calm down 使平静下来；turn down 拒绝。根据“ why
do those people sleep in the tents at night ”和“in the terrible storm”可知，应该是房子倒塌了，故选 A。
4．What a nice day! We should go for a picnic ________ watching TV at home.
A．instead of B．because of C．out of D．together with
【答案】A
【详解】句意：多么好的天气啊！我们应该去野炊而不是在家看电视。
考查介词短语。instead of 而不是；because of 因为；out of 从……出来；together with 和……一起。根据语
境天气好应去野炊而不是在家看电视。故选 A。
5．Jenny was hiding behind the tree ______ a snowball hit her badly.
A．while B．when C．since D．as
【答案】B
【详解】句意：珍妮正躲在树后，一个雪球狠狠地打了她一下。
考查从属连词辨析。while 当，从句用过去进行时；when 当，从句一般用一般过去时；since 自从；as
当……时候。由“Jenny was hiding behind the tree...a snowball hit her badly.”可知，从句为一般过去时，主句
是过去进行时，应用 when 引导时间状语从句。故选 B。
6．Every summer, students in China usually have two months ________ . This is the best time to enjoy a family
trip.
A．off B．away C．out D．up
【答案】A
【详解】句意：每年夏天，中国的学生通常有两个月的假期。这是享受家庭旅行的最佳时机。
考查介词辨析。off 从……中脱离；away 远离；out 在外面；up 向上。根据“Every summer, students in China
usually have two months…”可知，此处指的是“有两个月的假期”，have+时间段+off 指“有多长时间的假期”。
故选 A。
7．I ________ a newspaper when my cousin came to see me yesterday evening.
A．am reading B．will read C．was reading D．read
【答案】C
【详解】句意：昨天晚上我表弟来看我的时候，我正在看报纸。
考查动词的时态。根据“when my cousin came to see me yesterday evening.”可知，此处是指过去的某一时刻
正发生的动作，空处用过去进行时 was/were doing。故选 C。
8．You should be more ________ about the writing competition after such careful preparation.
A．serious B．worried C．nervous D．confident
【答案】D
【详解】句意：经过如此精心的准备，你应该对写作比赛更有信心。
考查形容词辨析。serious 严重的；worried 担心的；nervous 紧张的；confident 有信心的。根据“after such careful
preparation”可知，应是指对写作比赛更有信心，故选 D。
9．—I don’t think cycling is as exciting as climbing.
—That’s because you can’t ride well. _________ , both of them are interesting.
A．Above all B．In fact C．As a result D．At last
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我认为骑自行车不如爬山那么令人兴奋。——那是因为你骑得不好。事实上，它们都
很有趣。考查介词短语。Above all 最重要的；In fact 事实上；As a result 结果；At last 终于。根据“ both of
them are interesting. ” 可知，事实上两种运动都非常有趣。故选 B。
10．The task is very difficult. ________, few people can help us with it. So we must do our best.
A．Since B．Moreover C．Otherwise D．Instead
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这项任务非常困难。此外，很少有人能帮助我们。所以我们必须尽最大努力。
考查副词辨析。Since 此后；Moreover 此外； Otherwise 否则；Instead 相反。根据“The task is very
difficult … few people can help us with it.”可知，除了任务本身很难之外，几乎没人能帮忙更增加了它的难
度，moreover 符合语境，用于进一步说明情况。故选 B。
11．—Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom.
—________.
A．No, I won’t B．OK, I will C．Yes, I do D．No, I don’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——当你离开教室时，记得关灯。——好的，我会的。
考查情景交际。No, I won’t 不，我不会；OK, I will 好的，我会的；Yes, I do 是的，我愿意；No, I don’t 不，
我没有。根据“Remember to turn off the lights”可知，上文是提醒对方记得关灯，则应回答“好的，我会（关
灯）”。故选 B。
12．—________ have you stayed in this hotel
—Not long, just ________ this Wednesday.
A．How soon; since B．How long; since C．How soon; from D．How long; from
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你在旅馆待了多长时间了？——不长时间，就从这周三开始的。
考查特殊疑问句和词义辨析。how soon 用来询问多久之后，常用于将来时；how long 用来询问多长时间；
since 自从；from 从。根据“Not long（不长时间）”可知，这是在描述做某事用了多久，因此特殊疑问词应
用 how long；又知答语应为一段时间，所以所缺部分应与 this Wednesday 构成时间段，how long 提问，答
语常为 for+一段时间或 since+时间点，而且 this Wednesday“这周三”为一个时间点，所以用 since。故选 B。
13．—I became a teacher 15 years ________. I have been a teacher ________ 2007.
—That means you have taught here ________ about 15 years.
A．ago; since; for B．before; for; since C．ago; in; for D．ago; since; after
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——15 年前我成为了一名教师。自从 2007 年以来我一直是老师。——这意味着你已经在
这里教了大约 15 年了。考查介词用法。根据动词“became”可知时态为一般过去时，15 years ago“十五年
前”，是表示过去的时间短语；根据“have been”可知时态为现在完成时，since+过去时间点，表示一段时间，
与现在完成时态连用；根据“about 15 years”可知 for+一段时间，与现在完成时态连用。故选 A。
14．— Would you mind ________ here
—________. The seat has been taken by an old person.
A．my sitting; You’d better not B．me sitting; Of course
C．I sitting; Certainly not D．me sitting; No, you wouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】——你介意我坐这儿吗？——你最好不要。这个座位已经被一个老人占了。
考查 mind sb. doing 结构。sitting 为动名词，所以前面应用形容词性物主代词 my。根据“The seat has been taken
by an old person.”可知，座位已经被一个老人占了，所以你最好不要坐这儿。故选 A。
15．— Do you know how to ________ a crying baby
— Sorry, I don’t know. I think it’s too hard.
A．fall down B．come down C．break down D．calm down
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你知道如何让哭泣的婴儿安静下来吗？——对不起，我不知道。我觉得这太难了。
考查动词短语。fall down 跌倒；come down 降落；break down 打破；calm down 冷静下来。根据“Do you know
how to...a crying baby ”可知此处询问的是让一个哭泣的婴儿怎么样不哭，即冷静下来，故选 D。
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
An Indian mum lost parts of her two legs during a tornado （龙卷风）. She saved her children’s lives by
protecting them with her own body.
The 36-year-old Stephanie Decker said in a(n) 16 that she picked up her two children early from
school when a big storm was coming near. They were in the family’s underground room when the storm
17 .
“I have never seen such a strong wind before,” Decker said. “As soon as the glass broke, the whole house
started shaking.”She had no time but to made a 18 decision to save her children at once, 19
them up in a blanket and throwing herself on top of them.
“Everything started crashing into my 20 ,” she said. My children were screaming,“Mummy, I
can’t live without you, please don’t let me die.” And I said, “We’re not going to die, and we are going to make it.”
21 , her children were safe from the storm completely unharmed.
Decker lost one leg above the knee and the other above the ankle.
“When I looked down at my legs, I 22 what had happened. I was afraid that something more
terrible would happen, 23 I took my phone, and made a video to my husband.” Decker said. “I prayed
to survive（幸存）,that I want these kids to have a mum and I did not want them to grow up without me.”
Her prayers（祈祷）were 24 by a neighbour.He ran for help and found an officer travelling in a
car. The officer used tourniquets （止血带） to stop her blood loss.
“It was pretty 25 my wife was able to survive. My children are here because of her,”
Stephanie’s husband Joe told the reporter. “I let her know that nothing else is important. She’s going to be
here for our kids, and she gets to see them grow up.”
16．A．interview B．guide C．play D．speech
17．A．dropped B．rushed C．hit D．blew
18．A．different B．quick C．hard D．special
19．A．dressing B．giving C．putting D．tying
20．A．face B．head C．back D．neck
21．A．Suddenly B．Recently C．Hopelessly D．Luckily
22．A．realized B．believed C．remembered D．wondered
23．A．and B．so C．but D．as
24．A．answered B．allowed C．missed D．refused
25．A．interesting B．boring C．worrying D．amazing
【答案】
16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．C 21．D 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．D
【分析】本文讲述了一位母亲在暴风雨中保护孩子不受伤，而自己却失去了腿的故事。
16．句意：36 岁的 Stephanie Decker 在一次采访中说，当一场大风暴即将来临的时候，她早早地从学校接
走了她的两个孩子。
interview 采访；guide 向导；play 玩耍；speech 演讲。根据下文的内容可知，Decker 是在一个采访中描述
的自己经历，故选 A。
17．句意：暴风雨来袭时，他们在家里的地下室里。
dropped 掉下；rushed 急忙；hit 袭击；blew 吹。根据“when the storm”可知，此处指暴风雨来袭时的情况，
故选 C。
18．句意：她没有时间，只能迅速作出决定，立即救她的孩子们。
different 不同的；quick 快速的；hard 艰难的；special 特别的。在孩子们面临危险时，她必须做出快速的决
定，故选 B。
19．句意：用毯子把他们捆起来然后自己趴在他们身上。
dressing 打扮；giving 给予；putting 放；tying 系。在暴风雨来袭时，为了保证孩子们的安全，要把他们牢
牢系在一起才可以，故选 D。
20．句意：所有东西都开始砸到我的背上。
face 脸；head 头；back 后背；neck 脖子。根据“…them up in a blanket and throwing herself on top of them”可
知，把自己的身躯盖在孩子们身上，按照常识应该是后背朝外，所以所有东西都砸在了她的背上，故选
C。
21．句意：幸运的是，她的孩子们在暴风雨中安然无恙。
Suddenly 突然；Recently 最近；Hopelessly 毫无希望地；Luckily 幸运地。根据“her children were safe from the
storm completely unharmed”可知，孩子们都安全，这是一件幸运的事，故选 D。
22．句意：当我低头看我的腿时，我意识到发生了什么。
realized 意识到；believed 相信；remembered 记得；wondered 想知道。根据“When I looked down at my legs”
可知，看到自己的腿时意识到发生了什么，故选 A。
23．句意：我担心会发生更可怕的事，所以我拿起手机，录了段视频给我丈夫。
and 和；so 所以；but 但是；as 作为。“I was afraid that something more terrible would happen”与“I took my
phone”是因果关系，前是因，后是果，用连词 so 表示“所以”，故选 B。
24．句意：她的祈祷得到了邻居的响应。
answered 回应；allowed 允许；missed 错过；refused 拒绝。根据“Her prayers（祈祷）were…by a neighbour”
可知，祈祷得到了回应，故选 A。
25．句意：我妻子能活下来真是太不可思议了。
interesting 有趣的；boring 无聊的；worrying 担心的；amazing 令人惊异的。根据前面的描述，他的妻子腿
受伤了，这样的情况下能活下来是很令人惊讶的，故选 D。
三、阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Earthquakes may happen anywhere on the earth. When some plates(版块) of the earth move suddenly, an
earthquake happens. Many earthquakes begin under the sea. They often happen near the mountains (山脉), too.
During an earthquake, the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crack(断裂) open. Houses fall, people
are killed or hurt, and sometimes the whole villages or cities are destroyed(破坏).
Can we do something to keep ourselves safe from earthquakes Scientists have studied earthquakes and
made maps that show the “earthquake belts”. In areas in these belts, it’s possible for earthquakes to happen. In
these areas we should build strong houses to fight against (对抗) earthquakes.
In the future, scientists will be able to tell when and where an earthquake will be before they happen. They
can also tell people what to do and how to do it.
26．The reason for an earthquake is _________.
A．that there are so many plates on the earthB．that the sea is too deep
C．Rocks’ cracking open D．that the mountains are too high
27．A lot of earthquakes often happens _________.
A．in the area B．next to mountains C．at night D．in the morning
28．A map showing the earthquake belts will tell people _________.
A．what kind of houses to build
B．what kind of houses can stay up in an earthquake
C．where earthquakes may happen
D．when earthquakes may happen
【答案】26．A 27．B 28．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了地震发生时带来的危害，以及为了预防地震我们可以做什么。
26．细节理解题。根据“When some plates of the earth move suddenly, an earthquake happens.”可知，当地球的
某些板块突然移动时，就会发生地震。故选 A。
27．细节理解题。根据“They often happen near the mountains, too.”可知，地震经常发生在山区附近，故选
B。
28．推理判断题。根据“Scientists have studied earthquakes and made maps that show the ‘earthquake belts’. In
areas in these belts, it’s possible for earthquakes to happen. In these areas we should build strong houses to fight
against earthquakes.”可知，科学家们研究了地震，并绘制了显示“地震带”的地图，在这些地区，地震是有
可能发生的，我们应该建造坚固的房屋来抵抗地震。故选 C。
B
Colourful fruit and vegetables are good for your health. Their natural colours help protect your body from
disease. Think about these colours and food: the red of tomatoes, the orange of carrots, the green of kiwi fruit (猕
猴桃), and the purple of grapes.
You can enjoy eating fruit and vegetables of all colours: green, yellow, orange, red, blue, purple and white.
Each colour has something unique (独一无二的) and important for good health. They work together to protect
your body.
Scientists have surprisingly discovered the benefits of colourful fruit and vegetables. The list below shows
the benefits of some colours in fruit and vegetables.
● Red gives you a healthy heart. It can reduce the risk of heart disease. Red helps prevent cancer. It helps
improve your memory too.
● Yellow and orange give you a healthy immune system (免疫系统 ). They are also good for your eyes.
They help prevent blindness in the old.
● White can keep cholesterol (胆固醇) at a lower level.
● Green helps prevent cancer. It is good for your eyes. It also gives you strong bones and teeth.
● Blue and purple help protect your memory as you grow old. They also help fight cancer and heart disease.
So when you buy or eat fruit and vegetables, remember: the more colours, the better!
29．Eating fruit and vegetables of different colours will make you ________.
A．healthy B．unhealthy C．get weight D．lose weight
30．The underlined word “benefits” means “________” in the passage.
A．益处 B．危害 C．营养 D．后果
31．Daniel has poor eyesight. What colour fruit and vegetables are good for him
A．Red, yellow and orange. B．White, green and blue.
C．Yellow, orange and green. D．Blue, red and white.
【答案】29．A 30．A 31．C
【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了不同颜色的水果和蔬菜对人的健康的好处。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段“Each colour has something unique and important for good health”，可知吃不同
颜色的水果和蔬菜会让你健康，故选 A。
30．词句猜测题。根据下文“Red gives you a healthy heart”，结合其他四点不同颜色的好处，可知 benefits
表示“好处”，故选 A。
31．细节理解题。根据“● Yellow and orange give you a healthy immune system. They are also good for your
eyes. ● Green helps prevent cancer. It is good for your eyes”，可知黄色、橙色和绿色有益于视力，故选 C。
C
You may hear about earthquakes,but do you know what to do before,during and after an earthquake Here is
some advice for you：
Before an earthquake It’s necessary to prepare yourself and your family. All family members should know
how to turn off gas,water and electricity( 电 ) and know useful telephone numbers
（doctor,hospital,police,119,etc.）. Never put heavy things over beds.
During an earthquake It’s important for each of you to stay calm（冷静） . If you are indoors,quickly
move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or a strong table. The purpose is to protect yourself
from falling objects. Stay away from windows,large mirrors,heavy furniture and so on. If you are cooking,turn off
the gas.
If you are outdoors,move to an open area like a playground. Move away from buildings,bridges and trees. If
you are driving,stop the car as soon as possible,staying away from bridges and tall buildings. Stay in your car.
After an earthquake Once the shaking has stopped,DO NOT run out of the building at once.
It’s better to wait and leave when it is safe. Check around you and help the people who are in trouble. If your
building is badly broken you should leave it. If you smell or hear a gas,get everyone outside and open windows
and doors. If you can do it safely,turn off the gas. Report it to the gas company.
32．Before an earthquake, you shouldn’t ________.
A．sleep in your bed at night
B．remember some useful telephone numbers
C．know how to turn off gas, water and electricity
D．put heavy things over beds
33．The underlined word “purpose” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________.
A．why you do this B．when you do this
C．how to protect yourself D．where to find a safer place
34．When the earth stops shaking, you should ________.
A．check around you first B．run out of the building at once
C．break the windows and doors D．write a report to your company
35．You can learn ________ after reading the passage.
A．how an earthquake happens B．what to do to prevent an earthquake
C．what an earthquake is like D．how to protect yourself in an earthquake
【答案】32．D 33．A 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文主要讲在地震前，地震中和地震后需要做的事情。
32．细节理解题。根据“Never put heavy things over beds.”可知床头不要放重物。故选 D。
33．词义猜测题。根据“If you are indoors,quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or
a strong table.”及“The purpose is to protect yourself from falling objects. Stay away from windows, large mirrors,
heavy furniture and so on. If you are cooking, turn off the gas.”可知在结实的桌子下躲着是为了保护自己免受
重物的伤害。故“purpose”表示“目的”。即为什么要这样做。故选 A。
34．细节理解题。根据“It’s better to wait and leave when it is safe. Check around you and help the people who are
in trouble.”可知此处指地震之后先看下周围是否安全。故选 A。
35．主旨大意题。本文主要讲发生地震了如何保护自己。故选 D。
D
Being caught in a flood is quite dangerous. Like many other natural disasters, floods can happen with little or
no warning. Floodwater moves quickly and it is known to pull trees out of the ground, wash away buildings and
cause bridges to come down.
Of course, drowning(溺死 ) is a danger during a flood, not only because there is so much water and it is
moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying. Pieces of glass, bricks and metal caught in the
moving water can hurt anyone in the floodwater, making it more difficult to swim or walk through water.
Moreover, floods can cause power cut, traffic jams and wide destruction(毁灭). And the flood itself isn’t the
only thing to deal with. The thing after the flood can be just as difficult, because it may not be possible to send
basic supplies such as food and drinking water to the area.
So how to protect ourselves during the flood Here are some tips for you:
1 Avoid bridges that cross quickly-moving water, as floodwaters can cause bridges to come down,
2 Listen to the government’s radio for further instructions. If you are told to move to a safer place, do so.
3 Stay inside a car trapped by fast-moving water. Only get out if the water begins to flood the car itself, then move
to the top of the car.
4 Never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters. It only takes six inches of moving water to knock a
person off their feet.
5 Stay away from , as they are often knocked down during strong storms and flooding. They can cause water all
around to become charged, leading to people’s death because the power isn’t cut off.
After the flood, do not drink water or use it to wash dishes, brush teeth. Drink clean, safe water. If you
moved from your home, return to it only after the local government have said it is safe to do so.
36．Where does this passage come from
A．A guidebook B．A movie poster C．Local newspapers D．A Biology magazine
37．Which of the following doesn’t make drowning a great danger during a flood
A．There is so much water.
B．The water is moving very fast.
C．The floodwater carries pieces of glass, bricks and metal.
D．Some of the people are not good at swimming.
38．Which of the following can be put in _______
A．fallen trees B．power lines C．hard rocks D．broken houses
39．What do we know about floods according to the passage
A．After the flood, it is easy for us to send basic supplies to the area.
B．Six inches of floodwater isn’t strong enough to knock people down.
C．If you are a good swimmer, you can swim across the floodwater safely.
D．Floods can cause a lot of problems not only during the flood but also after the flood.
40．This passage is written to _______.
A．Tell us what causes the flood.
B．Tell us how dangerous the flood is.
C．Tell us how to prevent floods from happening.
D．Introduce floods’ danger and tips for protecting ourselves.
【答案】36．C 37．D 38．B 39．D 40．D
【分析】文章介绍了洪水的危害以及如何在洪水期间保护自己的一些建议。
36．推理判断题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍洪水爆发期间的一些危害以及如何在洪水期间保
护自己的一些建议，应该是出自报纸上，故选 C。
37．细节理解题。根据“Of course, drowning(溺死) is a danger during a flood...making it more difficult to swim or
walk through water.”可知，不擅长游泳不会使溺水在洪水期间成为很大的危险，故选 D。
38．细节理解题。根据“as they are often knocked down during strong storms and flooding. They can cause water
all around to become charged, leading to people’s death because the power isn’t cut off.”可知，会导致周围的水
充满电，导致人们死亡的应该是电线电线杆，故选 B。
39．细节理解题。根据“Being caught in a flood is quite dangerous.”以及“After the flood, do not drink water or use
it to wash dishes, brush teeth.”可知，洪水不仅在洪水期间，而且在洪水之后也会造成很多问题，故选 D。
40．主旨大意题。根据整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是介绍洪水的危险及保护自己的建议，故选 D。
非选择题（共 50 分）
四、填空（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 41—45 的相应
位置上。
41．Tom stayed (醒着的) because of the noise from next door.
【答案】awake
【详解】句意：汤姆因为隔壁传来的噪音而睡不着。awake 意为“醒着的”，形容词作系动词“stay”的表语。
故填 awake。
42．David was reported for more than three days. （失踪）
【答案】missing
【详解】句意：据报道，大卫失踪了三天多。missing“失踪”，形容词作主语补足语。故填 missing。
43．My family went to the park last Sunday. I went rowing my brother went running. (然而)
【答案】while
【详解】句意：我家上周日去公园了。我去划船而我的弟弟去跑步了。由句意及语境推测，本题考查
while“然而”，连词，连接两个并列句子，表示“对比”关系。故填 while。
44．The radio says a (暴风雨) is on its way. We must prepare for it.
【答案】rainstorm/storm
【详解】句意：收音机说暴风雨就要来了。我们必须为此做好准备。rainstorm/storm“暴风雨”，可数名词，
由“a”可知，此处用单数。故填 rainstorm/storm。
45．The rabbits ran in all when the wolves came closer. (方向)
【答案】directions
【详解】句意：狼走近时，兔子向四面八方跑去。“方向”为 direction，是名词，根据句中 all 可知，应用复
数形式 directions，in all directions 意为“四面八方”，故填 directions。
B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 46—50 的相应位置
上。
46．Many people got hurt or even died in the earthquake in Turkey. (bad)
【答案】badly
【详解】句意：在土耳其的地震中，许多人受了重伤，甚至死亡。此处需要副词来修饰 got hurt，bad 后加
ly 变副词。故填 badly。
47．He (tie) a sheep to a tree when I saw him.
【答案】was tying
【详解】句意：当我看到他时，他正在把一只羊绑在树上。根据“when I saw him”在此处是 when 引导的时
间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句为一般过去时。主语“He”为第三人称单数，谓语用 was，tie 的现在
分词为 tying。故填 was tying。
48．I saw him ( play) the violin when I walked past the room.
【答案】playing
【详解】句意：我走过房间时看见他正在拉小提琴。play the violin“拉小提琴”，固定短语，根据“when I walked
past the room”可知，应该是正在拉小提琴，see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”。故填 playing。
49．I’m sorry I’m late, Sir. My car (break) down on my way here.
【答案】broke
【详解】句意：对不起，先生，我迟到了。我的车在来的路上坏了。break 是动词，车子坏了的动作发生
在过去，应用一般过去时，故填 broke。
50．The (rule) of the country are the people who really love it.
【答案】rulers
【详解】句意：这个国家的统治者是真正热爱它的人民。根据“The… of the country are the people who really
love it”可知是，这个国家的统治者；由表语“the people”是复数可知，作主语的名词用复数形式。rule“控制，
统治”，动词，其名词是 ruler“统治者”，复数是 rulers。故填 rulers。
C）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答
题卡标号为 51—55 的相应位置上。
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的动词，并用其适当形式填空，有的需要加助动词或不定式符号(每词限用一
次)。
program look up manage instead of simple
CHATBOTS — What they do and why they matter
Chatbots are changing the way customers interact(互动) with businesses.
Think about this, 51 clicking on link on a company’s website, you could 52 type a
question and get an immediate answer. Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots.
Chatbots are computer 53 that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps(应
用软件) or on websites.
Chatbots can 54 information, answer frequently asked questions(FAQs) and collect information
from users. They can be used to 55 payments for online shopping, to help users decide what they want
to buy and to make appointments.
【答案】51．instead of 52．simply 53．programs 54．look up 55．manage
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是聊天机器人以及它们能做什么。
51．句意：想想看，你可以简单地输入一个问题并立即得到答案，而不是点击公司网站上的链接。根据“you
could ... type a question and get an immediate answer”可知，你可以输入一个问题并立即得到答案，也就是不
需要点击公司网站。结合“... clicking on link on a company’s website”和备选词汇可知，instead of“而不是”符
合语境，故填 instead of。
52．句意：想想看，你可以简单地键入一个问题并立即得到答案，而不是点击公司网站上的链接。根据“you
could ... type a question and get an immediate answer”可知，该空填一个副词，修饰动作 type。simple“简单
的”，形容词；simply“简单地”，副词，符合语境，故填 simply。
53．句意：聊天机器人是可以通过电话、消息应用程序或网站与人类进行通信的计算机程序。分析句子可
知，“that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps or on websites”是定语从句，该空
是先行词，所以是名词，结合备选词汇可知，program“程序”符合语境，且由谓语动词 are 可知用 program
复数形式，故填 programs。
54．句意：聊天机器人可以查找信息、回答常见问题和收集用户信息。结合“Chatbots can ... information, answer
frequently asked questions(FAQs) and collect information from users.”可知，聊天机器人可以查找信息、回答
常见问题和收集用户信息。look up“查询”符合语境，且 can 后加动词原形，故填 look up。
55．句意：它们可以用于管理网上购物的付款，帮助用户决定他们想买什么以及预约。be used to do“被用
来做某事”，所以该空填动词原形，结合备选词汇可知，manage“管理”符合语境，故填 manage。
五、阅读填空（共 20 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）
A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第 56—65 小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答
案填写在答题卡标号为 56—65 的相应位置上。
注意：每个空格只填 1 个单词。
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺的信息，每空一词。
Beyond its influence on health, not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes. Here are
what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.
How much sleep do we actually need
It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night. When we sleep below six
hours per 24, we're at an increased risk of health problems. Some of us think we can make up any of those hours
lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly there is no storage system for sleep in the brain.
Can we train ourselves to need less sleep
As a study in 1964, a 17-year-old boy named Randy Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours. How many people
could do anything close to that without dying
When you are reading this， you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just fine. Sleep
experts often compare people without enough sleep to drunk drivers： They don't get behind the wheel thinking
they're probably going to kill someone.
Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping
Coffee can keep us awake. Remember, too much coffee may throw off our sleep and energy cycles. So limit
coffee and avoid caffeine for four to six hours before bedtime.
Does a sense or purpose connect to sleep quality
A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep. People who have a
greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their higher-quality
sleep. Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the healthy habits
above.
How to sleep
Not getting enough sleep can influence our health and 56 many
Introduction
mistakes.
·Eight hours of sleep a night is 58
for all of us.
How much sleep do ·Sleeping less than six hours a day can
we actually need 59 the risk of health problems.
Findings from 57 ·It is 60 to make up the lost
researchers sleeping hours during the workweek.
·People without enough sleep would insist that
Can we train ourselves
they were 61 but weren't doing well at
to need less sleep
all .
·Using coffee instead of sleeping might lead to
Can we drink coffee sleep 62 .
instead of sleeping ·Drink proper amount of coffee at proper
63 .
·A sense of purpose in life is closely 64
Does a sense of
with sleep quality.
purpose connect to sleep
·People with a greater sense of purpose may
quality
sleep 65 .
【答案】
56．cause 57．sleep 58．necessary 59．increase 60．impossible
61．fine 62．mess/disorder 63．time 64．connected 65．better
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。睡眠不足不仅影响健康，也全导致交通意外事故和其他失误。专家们从我们
实际需要多少睡眠、我们能否训练少睡、喝咖啡能否代替睡眠、目标感与睡眠质量等方面说明我们应该怎
样拥有好的睡眠。
56．根据第一段中“not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes”可知空处应用“lead to(导
致)”的同义词“cause”。故填：cause。
57．根据第一段中“Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.”可知用“sleep”修饰
“researchers”。故填：sleep。
58．根据第二段中“It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night.”可知,本句
中用形容词“necessary”来代替原句中的“naturally need”。故填：necessary。
59．根据第二段中“When we sleep below six hours per 24, we're at an increased risk of health problems.”可知,本
句用原文中的形容词“increased”的动词形式“increase”, 位于“can”后作谓语。故填：increase。
60．根据第二段中“Sadly there is no storage system for sleep in the brain.”可知，本句中用形容词“impossible”，
表示“不可能的”。 故填：impossible。
61．根据第四段中“When you are reading this, you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just
fine.”可知此处用形容词“fine”。故填：fine。
62．根据第五段中“too much coffee may throw off our sleep and energy cycles”可知，喝太多的咖啡会使睡眠
混乱。故填：mess/disorder。
63．根据第五段中“So limit coffee and avoid caffeine for four to six hours before bedtime.”可推知，应在适当的
时间喝适量的咖啡。故填：time。
64．根据最后一段中“A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep.”可
知，目标感和睡眠质量密切相关，空处应填“connected”构成“be connected with”，表示“与……相关”。 故
填：connected。
65．根据最后一段中“People who have a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health,
which in turn explains their higher-quality sleep.”可知，此处用“well”的比较级“better”修饰动词“sleep”。故填：
better。
B）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 66—75 的相应位置上。
In the animal world, colour is of great importance to nature’s animals, birds and insects. Often it can s 66
their lives. Nature is beautiful, and we can see its beauty everywhere. Nature is full of colours. P 67 ,
animals, birds and insects have many beautiful colours. Colour, however, for animals, birds and insects is not only
beauty. It means life to them because it helps them h 68 from other dangerous animals.
Some birds use their colours to tell other birds to s 69 away from their “houses” in the tree. They
sing and move their wings to show their colours as a m 70 to other birds. One kind of butterfly is orange
and black. Birds do not like e 71 them because they have a bad taste. Once a bird eats this kind of
butterfly, it remembers the bad taste. After that, it will n 72 eat another orange and black butterfly!
Some moths(飞蛾) use colours to make birds a 73 of them. A bird can remember the colours or the
marks on the moth’s back. The bird sees the colours or the marks and doesn’t eat the moth! One kind of fish can
change its colour. The colour is the s 74 as the sea plants or rock around it. Other fish can’t see it. Of
course, the chameleon is the most famous because it can change the colour of its body as it walks from a tree to
green plants. You can see it t 75 green as you watch.
【答案】
66．(s)ave 67．(P)lants 68．(h)ide 69．(s)tay 70．(m)essage
71．(e)ating 72．(n)ever 73．(a)fraid 74．(s)ame 75．(t)urn
【导语】本文讲述了颜色对动物很重要，在动物遇到危险时，颜色能帮助它们躲藏并逃生。
66．句意：通常它可以挽救他们的生命。can 后跟动词原形，结合“their lives”及首字母可知，应是挽救生
命，save“挽救”，故填(s)ave。
67．句意：植物，动物，鸟类和昆虫有许多美丽的颜色。根据上文“Nature is full of colours. ”和后文
“animals, birds and insects”及首字母可知，此处指“植物”plant，空处应用名词复数形式。故填(P)lants。
68．句意：这对它们来说意味着生命，因为它可以帮助它们躲避其他危险的动物。根据“It means life to
them”及“helps them ...from other dangerous animals.”及首字母可知，应是躲避危险的动物，hide“躲避”，help
sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，故填(h)ide。
69．句意：有些鸟用自己的颜色告诉其他鸟远离它们在树上的“房子”。根据“away from their ‘houses’ in the
tree”及首字母可知，此处考查 stay away from“远离”，to 后跟动词原形构成不定式结构，故填(s)tay。
70．句意：它们边唱边动翅膀向其他鸟类展示自己的颜色来作为一种信息。根据“Some birds use their colours
to tell other birds...away from their ‘houses’ in the tree.”和“They sing and move their wings”可知，颜色对于其它
鸟类是一种信息；message“信息”，a 后跟单数名词，故填(m)essage。
71．句意：鸟不喜欢吃它们，因为它们的味道不好。根据“because they have a bad taste.”可知，应是不喜欢
吃它们，eat“吃”，like doing sth“喜欢做某事”，故填(e)ating。
72．句意：在那之后，它再也不会吃橙色和黑色的蝴蝶了。根据“because they have a bad taste. Once a bird eats
this kind of butterfly, it remembers the bad taste.”可知，鸟会记住这种不好的味道，所以在那之后，就再也不
会吃这种颜色的蝴蝶了，never“不会，绝不”符合语境，故填(n)ever。
73．句意：一些飞蛾用颜色让鸟类害怕它们。根据“A bird can remember the colours or the marks on the
moth’s back. The bird sees the colours or the marks and doesn’t eat the moth! ”及首字母可知，应是害怕它们，
所以不会吃它们，afraid“害怕的”，故填(a)fraid。
74．句意：它的颜色与周围的海生植物或岩石相同。根据“Other fish can’t see it. ”可知，应是鱼的颜色变得
和周围的海生植物或岩石一样，这样其他鱼就看不到它了，the same as“和……一样”，故填(s)ame。
75．句意：你可以看到它变绿了。根据“the chameleon is the most famous because it can change the colour of its
body as it walks from a tree to green plants.”可知，它从树上走到绿色植物上时颜色会变成绿色，turn“变成”，
see sb do sth“看见某人做了某事”，强调全过程，所以用动词原形，故填(t)urn。
六、书面表达（满分 15 分）
结合你所经历的一次自然灾害写一篇 70 字的短文，提示内容如下：
去年 6 月 25 日，一场暴雨袭击了我的家乡。我在学校上课，因为雨大，李老师让我们早点回家。在
回家的路上，我看见许多人在车站等车。一阵大风吹跑了我的雨伞……大雨下了一夜，第二天……
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
A strong rainstorm hit my home town. It happened on June 25th last year. I was at school. Because it rained
heavily, Mr Li asked us to go home early. On my way home, I saw many people waiting for the bus at the station.
A strong wind blew away my umbrella. I nearly fell down. When I got home, I was all wet. It rained for the whole
night. On the second day, the rainwater was everywhere. The traffic was very bad because of the rainstorm.
[总体分析]
①题材：本文是记叙文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：根据所给中文提示，介绍自己经历的一次自然灾害，可适当发挥，使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，首先介绍自然灾害是一场暴雨；
第二步，具体介绍自己的经历过程。
[亮点词汇]
①on one’s way 在某人去……的路上
②wait for 等待
③blow away 吹走
④fall down 摔倒
[高分句型]
① Because it rained heavily, Mr Li asked us to go home early.（because 引导的原因状语从句）
②When I got home, I was all wet.（when 引导的时间状语从句）Unit 8 Natural disasters
【B 卷（能力提升）】
注意事项：
1. 本试卷共 8 页。全卷满分 90 分。考试时间为 90 分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在
答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、
考试证号用 0. 5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他
答案。答非选择题必须用 0. 5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共 40 分）
一、单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．—I have got a new Huawei P50, but I don’t know how to use it.
—It doesn’t matter. Just follow the ________.
A．instruction B．direction C．advertisement D．information
2．—What is going on with the traffic accident there
—Police find out ________ how the accident happened.
A．nearly B．mostly C．exactly D．really
3．—Dad, why do those people sleep in the tents at night
—Because their houses ________ in the terrible rainstorm.
A．came down B．broke down C．calmed down D．turned down
4．What a nice day! We should go for a picnic ________ watching TV at home.
A．instead of B．because of C．out of D．together with
5．Jenny was hiding behind the tree ______ a snowball hit her badly.
A．while B．when C．since D．as
6．Every summer, students in China usually have two months ________ . This is the best time to enjoy a family
trip.
A．off B．away C．out D．up
7．I ________ a newspaper when my cousin came to see me yesterday evening.
A．am reading B．will read C．was reading D．read
8．You should be more ________ about the writing competition after such careful preparation.
A．serious B．worried C．nervous D．confident
9．—I don’t think cycling is as exciting as climbing.
—That’s because you can’t ride well. _________ , both of them are interesting.
A．Above all B．In fact C．As a result D．At last
10．The task is very difficult. ________, few people can help us with it. So we must do our best.
A．Since B．Moreover C．Otherwise D．Instead
11．—Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the classroom.
—________.
A．No, I won’t B．OK, I will C．Yes, I do D．No, I don’t
12．—________ have you stayed in this hotel
—Not long, just ________ this Wednesday.
A．How soon; since B．How long; since C．How soon; from D．How long; from
13．—I became a teacher 15 years ________. I have been a teacher ________ 2007.
—That means you have taught here ________ about 15 years.
A．ago; since; for B．before; for; since C．ago; in; for D．ago; since; after
14．— Would you mind ________ here
—________. The seat has been taken by an old person.
A．my sitting; You’d better not B．me sitting; Of course
C．I sitting; Certainly not D．me sitting; No, you wouldn’t
15．— Do you know how to ________ a crying baby
— Sorry, I don’t know. I think it’s too hard.
A．fall down B．come down C．break down D．calm down
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
An Indian mum lost parts of her two legs during a tornado （龙卷风）. She saved her children’s lives by
protecting them with her own body.
The 36-year-old Stephanie Decker said in a(n) 16 that she picked up her two children early from
school when a big storm was coming near. They were in the family’s underground room when the storm
17 .
“I have never seen such a strong wind before,” Decker said. “As soon as the glass broke, the whole house
started shaking.”She had no time but to made a 18 decision to save her children at once, 19
them up in a blanket and throwing herself on top of them.
“Everything started crashing into my 20 ,” she said. My children were screaming,“Mummy, I
can’t live without you, please don’t let me die.” And I said, “We’re not going to die, and we are going to make it.”
21 , her children were safe from the storm completely unharmed.
Decker lost one leg above the knee and the other above the ankle.
“When I looked down at my legs, I 22 what had happened. I was afraid that something more
terrible would happen, 23 I took my phone, and made a video to my husband.” Decker said. “I prayed
to survive（幸存）,that I want these kids to have a mum and I did not want them to grow up without me.”
Her prayers（祈祷）were 24 by a neighbour.He ran for help and found an officer travelling in a
car. The officer used tourniquets （止血带） to stop her blood loss.
“It was pretty 25 my wife was able to survive. My children are here because of her,”
Stephanie’s husband Joe told the reporter. “I let her know that nothing else is important. She’s going to be
here for our kids, and she gets to see them grow up.”
16．A．interview B．guide C．play D．speech
17．A．dropped B．rushed C．hit D．blew
18．A．different B．quick C．hard D．special
19．A．dressing B．giving C．putting D．tying
20．A．face B．head C．back D．neck
21．A．Suddenly B．Recently C．Hopelessly D．Luckily
22．A．realized B．believed C．remembered D．wondered
23．A．and B．so C．but D．as
24．A．answered B．allowed C．missed D．refused
25．A．interesting B．boring C．worrying D．amazing
三、阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Earthquakes may happen anywhere on the earth. When some plates(版块) of the earth move suddenly, an
earthquake happens. Many earthquakes begin under the sea. They often happen near the mountains (山脉), too.
During an earthquake, the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crack(断裂) open. Houses fall, people
are killed or hurt, and sometimes the whole villages or cities are destroyed(破坏).
Can we do something to keep ourselves safe from earthquakes Scientists have studied earthquakes and
made maps that show the “earthquake belts”. In areas in these belts, it’s possible for earthquakes to happen. In
these areas we should build strong houses to fight against (对抗) earthquakes.
In the future, scientists will be able to tell when and where an earthquake will be before they happen. They
can also tell people what to do and how to do it.
26．The reason for an earthquake is _________.
A．that there are so many plates on the earthB．that the sea is too deep
C．Rocks’ cracking open D．that the mountains are too high
27．A lot of earthquakes often happens _________.
A．in the area B．next to mountains C．at night D．in the morning
28．A map showing the earthquake belts will tell people _________.
A．what kind of houses to build
B．what kind of houses can stay up in an earthquake
C．where earthquakes may happen
D．when earthquakes may happen
B
Colourful fruit and vegetables are good for your health. Their natural colours help protect your body from
disease. Think about these colours and food: the red of tomatoes, the orange of carrots, the green of kiwi fruit (猕
猴桃), and the purple of grapes.
You can enjoy eating fruit and vegetables of all colours: green, yellow, orange, red, blue, purple and white.
Each colour has something unique (独一无二的) and important for good health. They work together to protect
your body.
Scientists have surprisingly discovered the benefits of colourful fruit and vegetables. The list below shows
the benefits of some colours in fruit and vegetables.
● Red gives you a healthy heart. It can reduce the risk of heart disease. Red helps prevent cancer. It helps
improve your memory too.
● Yellow and orange give you a healthy immune system (免疫系统 ). They are also good for your eyes.
They help prevent blindness in the old.
● White can keep cholesterol (胆固醇) at a lower level.
● Green helps prevent cancer. It is good for your eyes. It also gives you strong bones and teeth.
● Blue and purple help protect your memory as you grow old. They also help fight cancer and heart disease.
So when you buy or eat fruit and vegetables, remember: the more colours, the better!
29．Eating fruit and vegetables of different colours will make you ________.
A．healthy B．unhealthy C．get weight D．lose weight
30．The underlined word “benefits” means “________” in the passage.
A．益处 B．危害 C．营养 D．后果
31．Daniel has poor eyesight. What colour fruit and vegetables are good for him
A．Red, yellow and orange. B．White, green and blue.
C．Yellow, orange and green. D．Blue, red and white.
C
You may hear about earthquakes,but do you know what to do before,during and after an earthquake Here is
some advice for you：
Before an earthquake It’s necessary to prepare yourself and your family. All family members should know
how to turn off gas,water and electricity( 电 ) and know useful telephone numbers
（doctor,hospital,police,119,etc.）. Never put heavy things over beds.
During an earthquake It’s important for each of you to stay calm（冷静） . If you are indoors,quickly
move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or a strong table. The purpose is to protect yourself
from falling objects. Stay away from windows,large mirrors,heavy furniture and so on. If you are cooking,turn off
the gas.
If you are outdoors,move to an open area like a playground. Move away from buildings,bridges and trees. If
you are driving,stop the car as soon as possible,staying away from bridges and tall buildings. Stay in your car.
After an earthquake Once the shaking has stopped,DO NOT run out of the building at once.
It’s better to wait and leave when it is safe. Check around you and help the people who are in trouble. If your
building is badly broken you should leave it. If you smell or hear a gas,get everyone outside and open windows
and doors. If you can do it safely,turn off the gas. Report it to the gas company.
32．Before an earthquake, you shouldn’t ________.
A．sleep in your bed at night
B．remember some useful telephone numbers
C．know how to turn off gas, water and electricity
D．put heavy things over beds
33．The underlined word “purpose” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________.
A．why you do this B．when you do this
C．how to protect yourself D．where to find a safer place
34．When the earth stops shaking, you should ________.
A．check around you first B．run out of the building at once
C．break the windows and doors D．write a report to your company
35．You can learn ________ after reading the passage.
A．how an earthquake happens B．what to do to prevent an earthquake
C．what an earthquake is like D．how to protect yourself in an earthquake
D
Being caught in a flood is quite dangerous. Like many other natural disasters, floods can happen with little or
no warning. Floodwater moves quickly and it is known to pull trees out of the ground, wash away buildings and
cause bridges to come down.
Of course, drowning(溺死 ) is a danger during a flood, not only because there is so much water and it is
moving quickly, but also because of what the water is carrying. Pieces of glass, bricks and metal caught in the
moving water can hurt anyone in the floodwater, making it more difficult to swim or walk through water.
Moreover, floods can cause power cut, traffic jams and wide destruction(毁灭). And the flood itself isn’t the
only thing to deal with. The thing after the flood can be just as difficult, because it may not be possible to send
basic supplies such as food and drinking water to the area.
So how to protect ourselves during the flood Here are some tips for you:
1 Avoid bridges that cross quickly-moving water, as floodwaters can cause bridges to come down,
2 Listen to the government’s radio for further instructions. If you are told to move to a safer place, do so.
3 Stay inside a car trapped by fast-moving water. Only get out if the water begins to flood the car itself, then move
to the top of the car.
4 Never try to walk, swim or drive through floodwaters. It only takes six inches of moving water to knock a
person off their feet.
5 Stay away from , as they are often knocked down during strong storms and flooding. They can cause water all
around to become charged, leading to people’s death because the power isn’t cut off.
After the flood, do not drink water or use it to wash dishes, brush teeth. Drink clean, safe water. If you
moved from your home, return to it only after the local government have said it is safe to do so.
36．Where does this passage come from
A．A guidebook B．A movie poster C．Local newspapers D．A Biology magazine
37．Which of the following doesn’t make drowning a great danger during a flood
A．There is so much water.
B．The water is moving very fast.
C．The floodwater carries pieces of glass, bricks and metal.
D．Some of the people are not good at swimming.
38．Which of the following can be put in _______
A．fallen trees B．power lines C．hard rocks D．broken houses
39．What do we know about floods according to the passage
A．After the flood, it is easy for us to send basic supplies to the area.
B．Six inches of floodwater isn’t strong enough to knock people down.
C．If you are a good swimmer, you can swim across the floodwater safely.
D．Floods can cause a lot of problems not only during the flood but also after the flood.
40．This passage is written to _______.
A．Tell us what causes the flood.
B．Tell us how dangerous the flood is.
C．Tell us how to prevent floods from happening.
D．Introduce floods’ danger and tips for protecting ourselves.
非选择题（共 50 分）
四、填空（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 41—45 的相应
位置上。
41．Tom stayed (醒着的) because of the noise from next door.
42．David was reported for more than three days. （失踪）
43．My family went to the park last Sunday. I went rowing my brother went running. (然而)
44．The radio says a (暴风雨) is on its way. We must prepare for it.
45．The rabbits ran in all when the wolves came closer. (方向)
B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 46—50 的相应位置
上。
46．Many people got hurt or even died in the earthquake in Turkey. (bad)
47．He (tie) a sheep to a tree when I saw him.
48．I saw him ( play) the violin when I walked past the room.
49．I’m sorry I’m late, Sir. My car (break) down on my way here.
50．The (rule) of the country are the people who really love it.
C）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答
题卡标号为 51—55 的相应位置上。
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的动词，并用其适当形式填空，有的需要加助动词或不定式符号(每词限用一
次)。
program look up manage instead of simple
CHATBOTS — What they do and why they matter
Chatbots are changing the way customers interact(互动) with businesses.
Think about this, 51 clicking on link on a company’s website, you could 52 type a
question and get an immediate answer. Some companies are working to make this a reality using chatbots.
Chatbots are computer 53 that can communicate with human beings by phone, on messaging apps(应
用软件) or on websites.
Chatbots can 54 information, answer frequently asked questions(FAQs) and collect information
from users. They can be used to 55 payments for online shopping, to help users decide what they want
to buy and to make appointments.
五、阅读填空（共 20 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）
A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第 56—65 小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答
案填写在答题卡标号为 56—65 的相应位置上。
注意：每个空格只填 1 个单词。
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺的信息，每空一词。
Beyond its influence on health, not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes. Here are
what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.
How much sleep do we actually need
It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night. When we sleep below six
hours per 24, we're at an increased risk of health problems. Some of us think we can make up any of those hours
lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly there is no storage system for sleep in the brain.
Can we train ourselves to need less sleep
As a study in 1964, a 17-year-old boy named Randy Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours. How many people
could do anything close to that without dying
When you are reading this， you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just fine. Sleep
experts often compare people without enough sleep to drunk drivers： They don't get behind the wheel thinking
they're probably going to kill someone.
Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping
Coffee can keep us awake. Remember, too much coffee may throw off our sleep and energy cycles. So limit
coffee and avoid caffeine for four to six hours before bedtime.
Does a sense or purpose connect to sleep quality
A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep. People who have a
greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their higher-quality
sleep. Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the healthy habits
above.
How to sleep
Not getting enough sleep can influence our health and 56 many
Introduction
mistakes.
·Eight hours of sleep a night is 58
for all of us.
How much sleep do ·Sleeping less than six hours a day can
we actually need 59 the risk of health problems.
·It is 60 to make up the lost
sleeping hours during the workweek.
·People without enough sleep would insist that
Can we train ourselves
they were 61 but weren't doing well at
to need less sleep
all .
Findings from 57
researchers Can we drink coffee ·Using coffee instead of sleeping might lead to
instead of sleeping sleep 62 .
·Drink proper amount of coffee at proper
63 .
·A sense of purpose in life is closely 64
Does a sense of
with sleep quality.
purpose connect to sleep
·People with a greater sense of purpose may
quality
sleep 65 .
B）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 66—75 的相应位置上。
In the animal world, colour is of great importance to nature’s animals, birds and insects. Often it can s 66
their lives. Nature is beautiful, and we can see its beauty everywhere. Nature is full of colours. P 67 ,
animals, birds and insects have many beautiful colours. Colour, however, for animals, birds and insects is not only
beauty. It means life to them because it helps them h 68 from other dangerous animals.
Some birds use their colours to tell other birds to s 69 away from their “houses” in the tree. They
sing and move their wings to show their colours as a m 70 to other birds. One kind of butterfly is orange
and black. Birds do not like e 71 them because they have a bad taste. Once a bird eats this kind of
butterfly, it remembers the bad taste. After that, it will n 72 eat another orange and black butterfly!
Some moths(飞蛾) use colours to make birds a 73 of them. A bird can remember the colours or the
marks on the moth’s back. The bird sees the colours or the marks and doesn’t eat the moth! One kind of fish can
change its colour. The colour is the s 74 as the sea plants or rock around it. Other fish can’t see it. Of
course, the chameleon is the most famous because it can change the colour of its body as it walks from a tree to
green plants. You can see it t 75 green as you watch.
六、书面表达（满分 15 分）
结合你所经历的一次自然灾害写一篇 70 字的短文，提示内容如下：
去年 6 月 25 日，一场暴雨袭击了我的家乡。我在学校上课，因为雨大，李老师让我们早点回家。在
回家的路上，我看见许多人在车站等车。一阵大风吹跑了我的雨伞……大雨下了一夜，第二天……
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