湛江市两校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试卷
（答题时间：120分钟 总分：130分）
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Here is something you need to know before your trip to Grenada.
When to Go
With an average annual temperature of around 25°C, the year in Grenada is divided into two seasons. The dry season is from January to May, and the rainy season is from June to December. The weather is hotter from June to November and cooler from December to March. Hurricanes occur during the rainy season.
What You Need
●A valid passport book and evidence of return/onward travel arrangements are required to enter Grenada.
●A valid passport means it doesn’t expire within 6 months after your return date.
What You Can Do in Grenada
There are so many fun and amazing things to do in Grenada. If you love beaches, you can find your joy in the Grand Anse Beach and the Levera Beach. And for nature lovers, Mount Qua Qua, Royal Mount Carmel Waterfalls and La Sagesse Nature Center are places you are sure to visit. You can’t miss Fort George and Fort Frederick built long ago, which have been standing for centuries. What’s more, if you like eating chocolate a lot, you can also come here in May to be part of the Grenada Chocolate Festival.
Safety & Security
Grenada is very safe but it’s always sensible to exercise caution regardless of where you’re traveling. Exercise these precautions while in Grenada.
●Stay in well-lit and populated areas after dark.
●Don’t leave money, credit cards, cameras and other electronic devices unattended, especially on the beaches or in vehicles.
●Most hotels provide a safe in the room. Lock important things, like your jewellery and passport in it.
1. In which month can you go to Grenada if you want to avoid hurricanes
A. In December. B. In November. C. In June. D. In March.
2. Which place is best for history lovers to visit
A. Fort Frederick. B. Grand Anse Beach.
C. La Sagesse Nature Center. D. Royal Mount Carmel Waterfalls.
3. What are you advised to do when travelling in Grenada
A. Leave your passport on the bus. B. Avoid using cameras in the hotels.
C. Keep your valuables in a hotel safe. D. Stay in less crowded outdoor areas at night.
B
Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation.
Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.
In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said.
The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from.
Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.
As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small.
4．What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection
A．The influence of his family.
B．Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances.
C．The demand of the football team.
D．His fellow athletes’ encouragement.
5．Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals
A．To gain Kenya’s support.
B．To set an example for others.
C．To catch Arsenal’s attention.
D．To show his achievements.
6．What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals
A．Promoting football’s development.
B．Going global with the help of FIFA.
C．Beating climate change completely.
D．Getting beyond Green Belt Movement.
7．What can we learn from Lesein’s story
A．Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B．A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C．Positive thinking and action result in success.
D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
C
Chinese material scientists have found the soil on the moon may potentially be able to generate oxygen and fuel, a finding that means more possibilities of humans to use lunar resources to further exploration of the moon and beyond.
The researchers at Nanjing University showed that the lunar sample brought back by China’s Chang’e-5 contains active compounds (化合物) that can change carbon dioxide into oxygen and fuel. Initially, they hoped to design a system that took advantage of lunar soil and solar radiation, the two rich resources on the moon, according to a study published on Thursday in the journal Joule.
After analyzing the Chang’e-5’s lunar soil, the team found the sample contained metal-rich substances, which could work as a catalyst (催化剂) to make oxygen using sunlight and carbon dioxide. The team proposed a strategy using lunar soil to electrolyze water from the moon and the astronauts’ life support system into oxygen and hydrogen. The process was powered by sunlight. The carbon dioxide breathed out by moon inhabitants can be collected and combined with hydrogen to produce the fuel, also catalyzed by the lunar soil, according to the study. The researchers said with this method, no external energy apart from sunlight would be used to produce oxygen and fuel to support life on a moon base.
“We use the environmental resources to minimize rocket payload, and our strategy provides a scenario for a sustainable and affordable living environment for life out of the Earth,” said the paper’s first author Yao Yingfang from Nanjing University, expressing his assumption.
“The challenge lies in the fact that catalytic efficiency of lunar soil is lower than catalysts on the Earth,” said the researchers. They are testing different approaches in order to improve the design. The team is looking for an opportunity to test the system in space with China’s future manned lunar missions.
8. What is the main implication of Chinese scientists’ discovery of the moon’s soil
A. The moon is rich in rare elements. B. Lunar soil can be used for exploring space.
C. The moon can be lived on by human beings. D. Lunar soil is a new renewable energy source.
9. What did the researchers work on according to paragraph 3
A. The process of the sun producing light.
B. The analysis of China’s Chang’e-5’s work.
C. The supportive method producing metal-rich substances.
D. The sustainable living strategy employing lunar resources.
10. What does the underlined word “scenario” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Profession. B. Contract. C. Vision. D. Sponsor.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. The discovery of active compounds on the moon.
B. The testing approaches to improving the lunar soil.
C. The research on the environmental system of the moon.
D. The study of using lunar soil for oxygen and fuel production.
D
When it comes to risky behavior, adolescence is the perfect storm. In fact, teens are hardwired to seek challenge. According to a study by University College London (UCL), risk-taking behavior peaks during adolescence. As an adolescent’s social-emotional system matures, they long for stimulation and teen challenge.
Moreover, the study found that teens took risks because they enjoyed the thrill. In fact, they often understood the consequences of their behavior. However, the desire to take risks was stronger than their common sense. That’s because the teen brain is not fully developed. Therefore, the areas controlling impulses (冲动) and decision-making are still immature.
The study involved adolescents and adults aged 9 to 35 years. Participants chose between risky and safe options in a computer gambling game. Scientists found that the teenagers took the most risks compared with the other groups. In fact, 14-year old teens demonstrated the most risky behavior. In other words, they were constantly seeking challenge and excitement.
In another study at the University of Texas at Austin, participants aged 8 to 30 were given money as a reward for correctly identifying an image. Scientists measured how their brains responded when they found out whether their answers were right or wrong. The teenagers’ brains released the highest levels of dopamine, a chemical associated with pleasure. Dopamine motivates the brain to seek rewards and is linked to addiction. Thus, the researchers concluded that teens are more willing to take risks in order to experience rewards.
Risk-taking isn’t always a bad thing if it takes place within safe boundaries. In fact, a certain level of safe, positive risk-taking is essential for teens to develop their sense of self and gain self-esteem (自尊). Healthy risk-taking activities include playing sports, outdoor adventures, performing on stage, and reaching out to make new friends.
In conclusion, there’s no getting around it: Teens will always seek thrills and push the limits. They’re made that way. But parents can help them find healthy challenges that support growth and reduce risk.
12. What is the reason for teens’ tendency to take risks
A. They lack common sense and decision-making ability.
B. They don’t understand the consequences of their behavior.
C. They enjoy the excitement and actively pursue stimulation.
D. Their brain areas controlling impulses are fully developed.
13. How did the researchers carry out the first study
A. By analyzing the choices of teens and adults in the gambling game.
B. By analyzing the results of the gambling game.
C. By measuring how brains worked in the gambling game.
D. By observing how excited the teens were in the gambling game.
14. Which of the following statements is true according to para 4-5
A. The more risk-taking teens are, the more self-esteem they have.
B. Dopamine plays an important role in teens’ risk-taking activities.
C. Making new friends shouldn’t be considered as risk-taking.
D. Taking risks makes a teenager more eager for reward.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards risk-taking behavior of teenagers
A. Negative. B. Approving. C. Objective. D. Ambiguous.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Exercise is important in all phases of life, but for seniors, it’s crucial to maintaining independence. Exercise ensures that seniors can get around and continue to do the things they enjoy and helps to prevent serious health conditions. ___16___
Strength exercises are among the best exercises for seniors. ___17___ These exercises can also improve a senior citizen’s metabolism(新陈代谢), which can be important for the maintenance of healthy blood sugar levels and normal weight.
Balance exercises are good for senior citizens as well because they build up muscles in the legs and strength in the lower body. They can help a senior citizen have better stability, translating into lowered risk of serious falls. ___18___
___19___ They help improve flexibility, making it easier for an older person to remain physically active and move around without stiffness(僵硬) and pain. Additionally, stretching exercises help senior citizens avoid muscle related injuries, which can occur in the course of exercising as well as during daily living.
Though exercise is good for senior citizens, it is smart for seniors to speak with their doctors before starting any new exercise program. ___20___ In some cases, they may also recommend avoiding certain exercises altogether.
A. For seniors, this may not be the top concern.
B. Such accidents tend to make them ill and weak.
C. Stretches are also important exercises for seniors.
D. Never exercise too much as it may have harmful effects.
E. They help to build up muscles and make the bones stronger.
F. They may suggest specific exercises and exercise frequency.
G. When it comes to choosing the best exercises for seniors, variety is key.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
The teacher asked, “Is everybody ready ” I ____21____ wasn’t ready. It was the early 1980’s. I was in my high school typing ____22____ and totally confused.
I had taken it as a (n) ____23____ course because taking French or Spanish language seemed too difficult. ____24____, I wished I hadn’t chosen it. I was on ____25____—my fingers were shaking and my heart was beating wildly. I had thought we would just be learning to touch type (盲打), not be tested on speed and accuracy. Besides, I was the only freshman in the class, and the other students were ____26____ to me. My young body felt too nervous to be typing so quickly and ____27____.
The teacher said, “Hands on home keys. Eyes on books. Ready, type!” Suddenly, the room was alive with 30 electric typewriters’ keys ____28____ on. I tried my best to ____29____, but it was obvious that being a secretary wasn’t in my future. While I didn’t _____30_____ many errors, my typing speed was horribly slow. And I knew I wasn’t going to get a good _____31_____ on this test. I really _____32_____ taking this class and wished I could be learning French instead.
Now years later，I’m a novelist. I’m so happy that I took that class and learned how to type. It has helped me write countless _____33_____ flowing through my mind and into my _____34_____ through keyboards. It has helped me to write e-mails full of kindness to _____35_____ with friends and family. It has helped me to do what I should do and share what I was meant to share in life.
21. A. certainly B. slightly C. willingly D. hardly
22. A. library B. class C. service D. organization
23. A. psychological B. legal C. advertising D. optional
24. A. Otherwise B. Meanwhile C. However D. Therefore
25. A. edge B. purpose C. time D. track
26. A. equal B. senior C. crucial D. resistant
27. A. straightly B. similarly C. precisely D. mindlessly
28. A. passed B. fixed C. taken D. struck
29. A. keep up B. turn up C. back down D. come down
30. A. admit B. make C. express D. analyse
31. A. decision B. profession C. shelter D. grade
32. A. enjoyed B. suggested C. avoided D. regretted
33. A. plays B. stories C. sayings D. poems
34. A. document B. case C. computer D. room
35. A. exchange B. sympathize C. compare D. fight
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式并把答案写在答题卡的相应位置。
Gathering a few close friends and embarking on a delightful stroll (闲逛) through the city streets has become a favored activity among young people in China.
Referred to ____36____ citywalk, this trend involves leisurely wandering around urban areas on foot. Participants follow unique and urban routes, immersing (使沉浸于)____37____ (they) in the atmosphere, discovering historic buildings and exploring authentic local snacks.
Citywalk can be a ____38____ (guide) tour for small groups or a relaxed stroll for individuals, with the common goal of steering clear of (避开) popular tourist spots and large crowds, ensuring ____39____ more inclusive experience of the visited places. Across various Chinese social media platforms, Citywalk hashtags and keywords have become ____40____ (significant) popular as more individuals seek to share their experiences and thoughts online.
____41____ (originate) in prominent cities like Beijing and Shanghai, the citywalk phenomenon has begun to spread to second- and third-tier cities in China, inspiring greater ____42____ (participate) among both attendees and event organizers. Some organizers even invite folk culture enthusiasts and researchers to act as tour guides. Citywalk not only fosters a deeper connection between young individuals and the city but also offers a new social landscape ____43____ like-minded people can easily make friends.
In the past months, in certain regions like Beijing and Shandong Province, citywalk ____44____ (combine) with cultural tourism and leisure tour initiatives. Shanghai has launched citywalk routes that utilize public bus transportation, enabling day-trippers _____45_____ (reach) far-flung districts easily and continue their exploration on foot.
第三节 单句语法填空（共10题，每小题1分，共10分）
46.The area where the （explode）occurred was closed off by the police.
47. （describe）in the science journal Nature, the “Octobot” could pave the way for more effective autonomous robots that could be used in search, rescue and exploration than the traditional ones.
48.The stable and secure environment in the area and favorable （politics）conditions are attractive factors for investors.
49.Apart from （surround）by beautiful nature, the South-West is full of urban gems（精华）.
50.In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along became known as the Silk Road.
51.Tom worked hard, only （fail）the examination again at last.
52.This old practice not only makes drinking tea more （enjoy）, but also enhances the taste of it.
53.The man was spied by the police, because he was a suspect.
54.Jack has a passion photography and his photos are always of high quality.
55.One of the most effective ways to know a possible career path is to complete a “career aptitude test”，the results
of will tell you about your strengths and interests.
第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节应用文写作（满分15分）
56.假设你是新华中学的学生李华，得知某英文报社招聘兼职记者，你有意应聘，请按下列要点给报社写一封自荐信。
1. 表示感兴趣；
2. 说明优势：知识面，英语水平，合作精神，相关经历；
3. 希望得到回复。
注意：1) 词数100左右。可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
2) 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m a student from Xinhua Middle School. __________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Leaving the busy and noisy store, I hurried back to my car, my mind preoccupied with the tasks awaiting me at home. However, as I reached for my car keys in my pocket, a sinking feeling washed over me — I had locked both my keys and cell phone inside the vehicle. Frustration surged through my veins. Feeling extremely annoyed, I couldn’t help but let out a string of choice words, punctuated by a swift kick to the tire.
Just then, a teenager on his bicycle happened to pass by, his eyes catching my display of frustration. Sensing an opportunity to lend a hand, he pulled over and asked, “What’s wrong ”
I took a deep breath, grateful for a sympathetic ear, and explained my situation. “I’ve managed to lock my keys and cell phone inside the car,” I sighed. “My wife must be really worried as I should have been home by now.” “Even if I could call my wife, she wouldn’t be able to bring me her car key since this is our only vehicle.”
Without hesitation, the teenager extended his hand, offering me his cell phone. “Here, you can use mine to call your wife,” he said, his youthful voice brimming with sincerity.
I accepted his offer gratefully, dialing my wife’s number and relaying the situation to her. I could sense her concern on the other end of the line, but she remained calm and asked for my exact position.
“I’ll need to see if I can borrow any of our neighbours’ cars.” “I’ve thought about this plan, but most of them must be in town for the carnival today.” I sighed. But she just reassured me that she would find the extra key and find a way to get here as soon as possible.
As I ended the call, I expressed my gratitude to the teenager, but a new worry crept into my mind. “It’s a seven-mile trip for my wife,” I said, “even if she could borrow a car, she hasn’t driven for long and she’s pregnant.” The teenager asked, “Did you just say you live in the Medway street My school is nearby so I’m quite familiar with the route. Just tell your wife I’m coming to get the key.” “But that’s seven miles! It’ll take you at least an hour round trip.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The teenager simply smiled, with a determined look on his face.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Deeply moved, I reached into my pocket, eager to offer him some money.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________湛江市两校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试卷答案
阅读理解
1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
七选五
16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
完形填空
A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
语法填空
36. as 37. themselves 38. guided 39. a 40. significantly
41. Originating 42. participation 43. where 44. has been combined 45. to reach
单句语法填空
46. Explosion 47.Described 48. political 49. being surrounded 50. what
51. to fail 52. enjoyable 53 on 54. for 55. which
应用文写作
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m a student from Xinhua Middle School. I learn(ed) from the newspaper that you want a few part-time English reporters. I am quite interested in the position and would like to apply for it.
As a student, I’ve read a lot, which broadens my horizons. Having been learning English for many years, I have a good command of English, especially spoken English. Besides, being an outgoing student, I’m easy to get along with and always have a sense of duty and cooperation. Above all, I once worked as a reporter for my school broadcasting station, and therefore I have accumulated much experience. So I’m convinced that I’m equal to the job.
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
读后续写
The teenager simply smiled, with a determined look on his face. “Don’t worry about it. I’ll go and bring her key myself.” I was taken aback by his selflessness. Gratitude welled up within me, and I could only manage a heartfelt “Thank you.” With that, the teenager pedaled away, his figure growing smaller in the distance. An hour passed. Filled with restless anticipation, I saw him approaching. In his outstretched hand, he held the salvation of my locked car—the spare key. Relief washed over me as I took it from him, marveling at his firm commitment to helping a stranger in need.
Deeply moved, I reached into my pocket, eager to offer him some money. But as I extended the money towards him, he shook his head, refusing any reward. “Let’s just say I needed the exercise,” he said with a mischievous grin, his eyes sparkling with youthful energy. With a nod of gratitude, I bid him farewell as he rode off into the sunset. As I drove away in my newly unlocked car, I couldn’t help but reflect on the unexpected encounter. The memory of the selfless teenager’s seven-mile journey would forever be engraved in my mind, serving as a reminder to always be ready to lend a hand to those in need.
答案详解
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了游客在前往格林纳达旅行前需要了解的一些重要信息，其中包括出行时间、所需文件、景点介绍以及安全提示。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据When to Go下面的“(格林纳达的年平均气温约为25°C，一年分为两个季节。旱季为1月至5月，雨季为6月至12月。六月到十一月天气更热，十二月到三月天气更凉爽。飓风发生在雨季)”可知，如果你想避开飓风，你可以在三月份去格林纳达。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据What You Can Do in Grenada下面的“You can’t miss Fort George and Fort Frederick built long ago, which have been standing for centuries.(你不会错过很久以前建造的乔治堡和弗雷德里克堡，它们已经矗立了几个世纪) ”可知，弗雷德里克堡最适合历史爱好者参观。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Safety & Security下面的“Most hotels provide a safe in the room. Lock important things, like your jewellery and passport in it.(大多数酒店都在房间里提供保险箱。把重要的东西锁在里面，比如你的珠宝和护照)”可知，在格林纳达旅行时，把贵重物品放在酒店的保险箱里。故选C。
B篇 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei是一名足球队员，他发起了“一球一树（Trees4Goals）运动”，每进球一次，他为球队的每一位成员种一棵树，激励其他年轻人去保护环境。到目前为止，该运动已经种植了5100万棵树。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. (在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei和他的家人总是通过植树来庆祝重要的节日，这促使他保护环境)”可知，在Lesein成长的过程中，他和他的家人总是以种树的方式来庆祝重要的节日，这激励他去保护环境。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. (他希望借此激励年轻人，特别是他的运动员同伴，跟随他的脚步，认真对待自然保护，并承诺每次得分都要植树)”可知，Lesein发起“一球一树运动”是作出表率来激励他人保护环境。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon.(虽然莱辛的倡议得到了一些认可，但他的目标是让它成为一种全球现象)”及“This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.(这就是为什么他想与世界上最大的足球联盟国际足联合作)”可知，在FIFA的帮助下，Lesein 希望“一球一树运动”走向全球。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.(Mutunkei追随了已故的肯尼亚诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊的脚步，后者于1977年创立了绿带运动。迄今为止，这一举措已导致种植了5100多万棵树)”及全文内容可知，Lesein从小耳濡目染，很有环保意识，后受到启发，发起了“一球一树运动”并取得了成功。可见，他的故事说明：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。
C
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国科学家发现月球土壤可能具有生成氧气和燃料的潜力，这一发现意味着人类可以利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其它星球。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Chinese material scientists have found the soil on the moon may potentially be able to generate oxygen and fuel, a finding that means more possibilities of humans to use lunar resources to further exploration of the moon and beyond.(中国材料科学家发现，月球上的土壤可能能够产生氧气和燃料，这一发现意味着人类利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其他地方的可能性更大。)”可知，中国科学家发现月球土壤能够产生氧气和燃料，这意味着可以利用月球土壤进一步探索太空。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“After analyzing the Chang’e-5’s lunar soil, the team found the sample contained metal-rich substances, which could work as a catalyst to make oxygen using sunlight and carbon dioxide. The team proposed a strategy using lunar soil to electrolyze water from the moon and the astronauts’ life support system into oxygen and hydrogen. The process was powered by sunlight. The carbon dioxide breathed out by moon inhabitants can be collected and combined with hydrogen to produce the fuel, also catalyzed by the lunar soil, according to the study. The researchers said with this method, no external energy apart from sunlight would be used to produce oxygen and fuel to support life on a moon base.(在分析了嫦娥五号的月球土壤后，研究小组发现样本中含有富含金属的物质，可以作为催化剂，利用阳光和二氧化碳制造氧气。该团队提出了一种策略，利用月球土壤将月球和宇航员生命维持系统中的水电解成氧气和氢气。这个过程是由阳光驱动的。根据这项研究，月球居民呼出的二氧化碳可以被收集起来，并与氢结合来生产燃料，也可以由月球土壤催化。研究人员表示，通过这种方法，除了阳光之外，没有任何外部能量可以用来产生氧气和燃料，以支持月球基地的生命。) ”可知，研究人员利用月球资源进行可持续生存策略的研究。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段的“The researchers said with this method, no external energy apart from sunlight would be used to produce oxygen and fuel to support life on a moon base.(研究人员表示，通过这种方法，除了阳光之外，不需要任何外部能量被用来产生氧气和燃料，以支持月球基地的生命。)”可知，目前人类在月球上不能像在地球上一样生存，再由第四段的““We use the environmental resources to minimize rocket payload, and our strategy provides a scenario for a sustainable and affordable living environment for life out of the Earth,” said the paper’s first author Yao Yingfang from Nanjing University, expressing his assumption.(该论文的第一作者、来自南京大学的姚英芳表示：“我们利用环境资源来最小化火箭的有效载荷，我们的战略为地球以外的生命提供了一个可持续的、负担得起的生活环境的愿景。”)”可知，通过对月球土壤资源的研究利用，人类有望在月球上得以生存，因此划线词意为“愿景，构想”。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Chinese material scientists have found the soil on the moon may potentially be able to generate oxygen and fuel, a finding that means more possibilities of humans to use lunar resources to further exploration of the moon and beyond.(中国材料科学家发现，月球上的土壤可能能够产生氧气和燃料，这一发现意味着人类利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其他地方的可能性更大。)”和第二段的“The researchers at Nanjing University showed that the lunar sample brought back by China’s Chang’e-5 contains active compounds that can change carbon dioxide into oxygen and fuel. Initially, they hoped to design a system that took advantage of lunar soil and solar radiation, the two rich resources on the moon, according to a study published on Thursday in the journal Joule.(南京大学的研究人员表明，中国嫦娥五号带回的月球样本含有活性化合物，可以将二氧化碳转化为氧气和燃料。根据周四发表在《焦耳》杂志上的一项研究，最初，他们希望设计一个利用月球土壤和太阳辐射的系统，这是月球上两种丰富的资源。)”可知，这篇文章讲述了中国科学家发现月球土壤可以用于生产氧气和燃料，这意味着可以利用月球土壤进一步探索太空。故选D。
【解析】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是相比于成年人，青少年更喜欢冒险，原因在于他们脑中释放的多巴胺有关。作者认为青少年冒险有的时候是坏事，但是如果在安全范围内冒险，可以有助于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊，这又是有益处的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Moreover, the study found that teens took risks because they enjoyed the thrill. (此外，研究发现，青少年冒险是因为他们享受刺激)”可知，青少年喜欢冒险的原因是他们享受刺激。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The study involved adolescents and adults aged 9 to 35 years. Participants chose between risky and safe options in a computer gambling game. (这项研究涉及9至35岁的青少年和成年人。参与者在电脑赌博游戏中选择风险选项和安全选项)”可知，研究人员通过分析青少年和成年人在赌博游戏中的选择进行了第一项研究。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“The teenagers’ brains released the highest levels of dopamine, a chemical associated with pleasure. Dopamine motivates the brain to seek rewards and is linked to addiction. Thus, the researchers concluded that teens are more willing to take risks in order to experience rewards.(青少年的大脑释放出最高水平的多巴胺，一种与快乐有关的化学物质。多巴胺促使大脑寻求奖励，并与成瘾有关。因此，研究人员得出结论，青少年更愿意为了获得回报而冒险)”可知，青少年大脑释放的多巴胺促使大脑寻求奖励。由此推知，青少年更愿意去冒险是与脑中释放的多巴胺有关。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Risk-taking isn’t always a bad thing if it takes place within safe boundaries. In fact, a certain level of safe, positive risk-taking is essential for teens to develop their sense of self and gain self-esteem. (如果在安全的范围内冒险并不总是一件坏事。事实上，一定程度的安全、积极的冒险对于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊至关重要)”可知，作者认为冒险有的时候是坏事，但是如果在安全范围内冒险，可以有助于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊，这又是有益处的。由此推知，作者对于青少年冒险的态度是客观的。故选C。
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了老年人锻炼的好处以及具体举例几项特定的运动。
【16题详解】
上文“Exercise ensures that seniors can get around and continue to do the things they enjoy and helps to prevent serious health conditions.”（锻炼可以确保老年人可以四处走动，继续做他们喜欢的事情，并有助于预防严重的健康问题。）引出话题，提到锻炼对老年人的好处。以及下文详细介绍的各个运动可知。结合选项G项When it comes to choosing the best exercises for seniors, variety is key.（说到为老年人选择最好的运动，多样化是关键。）为下文内容的总结，也是上文内容的语意递进。上下文语意连贯，起到承上启下的作用。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“Strength exercises are among the best exercises for seniors.”（力量练习是老年人最好的运动之一。）提到力量练习运动。下文“These exercises can also improve a senior citizen’s metabolism, which can be important for the maintenance of healthy blood sugar levels and normal weight.”（这些运动还可以改善老年人的新陈代谢，这对维持健康的血糖水平和正常体重很重要。）可知，为详细介绍力量运动的好处。故可推断空格处内容为力量运动的好处。结合选项E项They help to build up muscles and make the bones stronger.（它们有助于增强肌肉，使骨骼更强壮。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“They can help a senior citizen have better stability, translating into lowered risk of serious falls.”（它们可以帮助老年人保持更好的稳定性，从而降低严重摔倒的风险。）可知，提到摔倒的风险。结合选项B项Such accidents tend to make them ill and weak.（这样的事故往往会使他们生病和虚弱。）中的accidents指代上文的摔倒，是上文内容的语意递进，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
【19题详解】
由该题位于该段句首，为总结该段内容。该段下文“They help improve flexibility, making it easier for an older person to remain physically active and move around without stiffness and pain. Additionally, stretching exercises help senior citizens avoid muscle related injuries, which can occur in the course of exercising as well as during daily living.”（它们有助于提高灵活性，使老年人更容易保持身体活跃，走动时没有僵硬和疼痛。此外，伸展运动可以帮助老年人避免肌肉相关的损伤，这些损伤可能发生在锻炼过程中以及日常生活中。）可知，讲的是伸展运动的好处。结合选项C项Stretches are also important exercises for seniors.（对老年人来说，伸展运动也是很重要的运动。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选C项。
【20题详解】
上文“Though exercise is good for senior citizens, it is smart for seniors to speak with their doctors before starting any new exercise program.”（虽然锻炼对老年人有好处，但老年人在开始任何新的锻炼计划之前，最好先和他们的医生谈谈。）提到和医生沟通。下文“In some cases, they may also recommend avoiding certain exercises altogether.”（在某些情况下，他们可能还会建议完全避免某些运动。）可知，为具体医生建议的内容。故可推断空格处内容为医生建议的内容。结合选项F项They may suggest specific exercises and exercise frequency.（他们可能会建议具体的运动和运动频率。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。短文主要讲述了作者在高中时学习打字课的经历。起初作者并不喜欢这门课程，觉得自己不擅长外语，因此选择了打字课。在课堂上，作者感到紧张，无法跟上速度要求，最终以失败告终。然而，多年后，作者意识到学会打字对自己的人生产生了积极影响，帮助他写作无数故事，表达爱意，实现自己的使命。最后，作者表达了对生活的感恩之情，希望能够与他人分享爱与知识。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我确定没准备好。A. certainly确定地；B. slightly轻微地；C. willingly愿意地；D. hardly几乎不。根据下文“I was in my high school typing ____2____ and totally confused.”可知，作者确定没准备好。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在上高中的打字课，完全搞不懂。A. library图书馆；B. class课程；C. service服务； D. organization组织。根据下文“I took that class”可知，作者在上打字课。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把它作为选修课，因为法语或西班牙语似乎太难了。A. psychological心理学的；B. legal合法的；C. advertising广告业；D. optional可选择的。根据下文“because taking French or Spanish language seemed too difficult.”可知，作为选修课的原因是，因为法语或西班牙语似乎太难了。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我希望我没有选择它。A. Otherwise否则；B. Meanwhile同时；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。根据句意可知，前后为转折关系。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐立不安——我的手指在颤抖，我的心狂跳。A. edge边缘；B. purpose目的；C. time时间；D. track轨道。根据下文“my fingers were shaking and my heart was beating wildly.”可知，我坐立不安。on edge紧张不安。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，我是班里唯一的新生，其他同学都比我年长。A. equal平等的；B. senior年龄大些的；C. crucial重要的；D. resistant 抵制的，反抗的。根据上文“I was the only freshman”可知，其它学生比作者年龄大。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我年轻的身体太紧张了，无法如此快速准确地打字。A. straightly直接地；B. similarly相似地；C. precisely精确地；D. mindlessly不费心思地。根据上文“too nervous to be typing so quickly”可知，无法如此快速准确地打字。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然间，30个电动打字机的按键响起，房间里活跃了起来。A. passed通过；B. fixed修理；C. taken拿；D. struck击，撞。根据上文“Ready, type”可知，键盘想起了敲击声。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我尽力跟上，但很明显，当秘书不是我的未来。A. keep up跟上；B. turn up出现；C. back down退缩；D. come down传承。根据下文“my typing speed was horribly slow”可知，我在尽力跟上。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我没有犯很多错误，但我的打字速度慢得可怕。A. admit承认；B. make制作；C. express表达；D. analyse分析。根据上文“My young body felt too nervous to be typing so quickly and ____7____ .”以及“errors”可知，打字会犯错误。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我不会在这次考试中取得好成绩。A. decision决定；B. profession专业；C. shelter遮蔽物；D. grade分数。根据上文“my typing speed was horribly slow”可知，我的表现使我不会取得好成绩。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真后悔上了这门课，真希望我能学法语。A. enjoyed享受；B. suggested建议；C. avoided避免；D. regretted后悔。根据下文“wished I could be learning French instead.”可知，作者后悔了。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我写了无数的故事，这些故事从我的脑海中流过，通过键盘输入我的电脑。A. plays戏剧；B. stories故事；C. sayings谚语，格言；D. poems诗歌。根据上文“Now years later, I’m a novelist.”可知，作者是小说家，所以会写很多的故事。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我写了无数的故事，这些故事从我的脑海中流过，通过键盘输入我的电脑。A. document文件；B. case案例；C. computer计算机；D. room房间。根据下文“through keyboards”可知，通过键盘进入了电脑里。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我做了我应该做的事情，分享了我在生活中应该分享的东西。A. exchange交换；B. sympathize同情；C. compare比较；D. fight打仗。根据下文“share”可知，我与读者分享了我在生活中应该分享的东西。故选A项。
36. as 37. themselves 38. guided 39. a 40. significantly
41. Originating 42. participation 43. where 44. has been combined 45. to reach
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在中国，和几个亲密的朋友聚在一起，愉快地漫步在城市的街道上，已经成为年轻人喜爱的活动。这种趋势被称为“城市漫步”，指的是在城市里悠闲地漫步。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：这种趋势被称为“城市漫步”，指的是在城市里悠闲地漫步。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语refer to sth as sth意为“将……称为……”，满足句意要求，所以此处为介词as的填入。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：参与者沿着独特的城市路线，沉浸在氛围中，发现历史建筑，探索正宗的当地小吃。根据句意以及前面的主语Participants可知，此处为反身代词themselves“他们自己”指代Participants，满足句意要求。故填themselves。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：Citywalk可以是小团体的导览游，也可以是个人的轻松漫步，其共同目标是避开热门旅游景点和拥挤的人群，确保参观地点的体验更具包容性。由空后tour为名词可知，此处为形容词guided“有导游的，有指导的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填guided。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Citywalk可以是小团体的导览游，也可以是个人的轻松漫步，其共同目标是避开热门旅游景点和拥挤的人群，确保参观地点的体验更具包容性。根据句意以及空后experience为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一个包容性的体验”，结合more为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着越来越多的人寻求在网上分享他们的经历和想法，Citywalk的标签和关键词在中国各种社交媒体平台上变得非常受欢迎。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处为副词significantly作状语修饰形容词popular，满足句意要求。故填significantly。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：起源于北京和上海等主要城市的“城市步行”现象，已经开始蔓延到中国的二三线城市，激发了参与者和活动组织者更多的参与。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，originate和逻辑主语the citywalk phenomenon为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填Originating。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：起源于北京和上海等主要城市的“城市步行”现象，已经开始蔓延到中国的二三线城市，激发了参与者和活动组织者更多的参与。根据该空前的形容词greater以及分析句意可知，此处应该用抽象名词participation“参与”作宾语，满足句意要求。故填participation。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Citywalk不仅在年轻人和城市之间建立了更深层次的联系，而且提供了一个新的社会景观，志同道合的人可以很容易地交到朋友。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词where引导的定语从句，先行词social landscape在从句中作地点状语成分。故填where。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：在过去的几个月里，在北京和山东等一些地区，城市步行已经与文化旅游和休闲旅游相结合。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据时间状语In the past months可知，此处为现在完成时，结合主语citywalk和动词combine为被动关系，所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构。故填has been combined。
【45题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：上海推出了利用公交交通的城市步行路线，让一日游的游客可以轻松到达偏远地区，并继续步行探索。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语enable sb to do sth“使某人能够做某事”，满足句意要求，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to reach。
完成句子（共10题，每小题1分，共10分）
46. Explosion 47.Described 48. political 49. being surrounded 50. what
51. to fail 52. enjoyable 53 on 54. for 55. which
范文
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m a student from Xinhua Middle School. I learn(ed) from the newspaper that you want a few part-time English reporters. I am quite interested in the position and would like to apply for it.
As a student, I’ve read a lot, which broadens my horizons. Having been learning English for many years, I have a good command of English, especially spoken English. Besides, being an outgoing student, I’m easy to get along with and always have a sense of duty and cooperation. Above all, I once worked as a reporter for my school broadcasting station, and therefore I have accumulated much experience. So I’m convinced that I’m equal to the job.
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
词汇、短语和句子积累
1. reporter/journalist n. 记者
2. interviewer n. 主持面试者；采访者 interviewee n. 参加面试者；接受采访者
3. fluently adv. 流利地；流畅地 frequently adv. 频繁地
4. be fit for the job
5. an English competition
6. an outgoing person
7. a wide range of knowledge 广泛的知识
8. I have the sense of cooperation and enjoy working together with others.
9. I think it is cooperation that makes our work easy and interesting.
10. I participated in some related activities, from which I realized the importance of working with others.
11. More importantly, I attach importance to cooperation.
【答案】The teenager simply smiled, with a determined look on his face. “Don’t worry about it. I’ll go and bring her key myself.” I was taken aback by his selflessness. Gratitude welled up within me, and I could only manage a heartfelt “Thank you.” With that, the teenager pedaled away, his figure growing smaller in the distance. An hour passed. Filled with restless anticipation, I saw him approaching. In his outstretched hand, he held the salvation of my locked car—the spare key. Relief washed over me as I took it from him, marveling at his firm commitment to helping a stranger in need.
Deeply moved, I reached into my pocket, eager to offer him some money. But as I extended the money towards him, he shook his head, refusing any reward. “Let’s just say I needed the exercise,” he said with a mischievous grin, his eyes sparkling with youthful energy. With a nod of gratitude, I bid him farewell as he rode off into the sunset. As I drove away in my newly unlocked car, I couldn’t help but reflect on the unexpected encounter. The memory of the selfless teenager’s seven-mile journey would forever be engraved in my mind, serving as a reminder to always be ready to lend a hand to those in need.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者将自己的车钥匙和手机都锁在车中，感到非常沮丧的时候，一位少年主动提供了帮助的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那个少年只是笑了笑，脸上带着坚定的神情。”以及第二段首句内容“我深受感动，把手伸进口袋，急切地想给他一些钱。”可知，第一段可描写少年如约为作者送来了备用钥匙。
②由第二段首句内容“我深受感动，把手伸进口袋，急切地想给他一些钱。”可知，第二段可描写作者非常感动少年给自己的帮助。
2.续写线索：手机和钥匙落在了汽车里——非常沮丧和恼火——一位少年正好从旁经过——帮助给作者的妻子打电话——妻子承诺将车钥匙送来——作者很担心自己的妻子——少年见状主动提出帮作者取钥匙——少年如约从来备用钥匙，作者非常感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①充满：be filled with/be full of
②到来：approach/come
③拒绝：refuse/turn down
情绪类
①感激：gratitude/thankfulness
②期待：anticipation/expectancy
【点睛】【高分句型1】An hour passed. Filled with restless anticipation, I saw him approaching.(运用了过去分词作状语及现在分词作宾语补足语)
【高分句型2】As I drove away in my newly unlocked car, I couldn’t help but reflect on the unexpected encounter.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
