中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题06 单项选择之宾语从句和定语从句
考点1 宾语从句
1. （2024·安徽·统考中考真题）—Could you tell us ________ we can start a conversation with a foreigner
—Talking about weather is a good choice.
A. how B. whether C. why D. when
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我们如何与外国人开始对话吗？——谈论天气是个不错的选择。
考查宾语从句的引导词。how如何；whether是否；why为什么；when什么时候。根据“we can start a conversation with a foreigner”以及“Talking about weather is a good choice.”可知是如何与外国人开始对话，用how引导宾语从句。故选A。
2. （2024·福建·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________
—Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, all born in the 1980s.
A. how the Shenzhou XVIII entered space
B. when the Shenzhou XVIII entered space
C. who entered space in the Shenzhou XVⅢ
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你知道谁乘坐神舟18号进入太空了吗？——80后的叶光富、李聪、李广苏。考查宾语从句。根据“Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, all born in the 1980s.”可知此句是对人的提问，用who引导的宾语从句。故选C。
3. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Excuse me, do you know ________
—Sure. There’s a supermarket down the street.
A. where I can buy some vegetables B. how to get to the post office
C. when the band starts playing D. why he’s late for school again
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——对不起，你知道在哪里可以买到蔬菜吗？——当然。这条街上有一家超市。
考查宾语从句。where I can buy some vegetables在哪里可以买到蔬菜；how to get to the post office去邮局怎么走；when the band starts playing乐队何时开始演奏；why he’s late for school again他为什么上学又迟到了。根据答语“Sure. There’s a supermarket down the streel.”可知，去超市买东西，故选A。
4. （2024·甘肃省临夏州·中考真题）—Do you know ________ Dunhuang
—Because the scenery there is so fascinating and the culture is so rich.
A. what they think of B. how to get to
C. why many people travel to D. where we can learn about
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你知道为什么很多人去敦煌旅游吗？——因为那里的景色如此迷人，文化如此丰富。
考查宾语从句。根据“Because…”可知，此处询问原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选C。
5. （2024·甘肃省临夏州·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
【答案】A
【解析】句意：真正的朋友是在你困难的时候能帮助你的人。
考查定语从句引导词。who指人，在句中作主语/宾语；whom指人，在句中作宾语；whose在句中作定语；which在句中指物。空格所在句为定语从句，修饰名词person，指人，并且在句中作主语，用引导词who。故选A。
6. （2024·广西·统考中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________
—In my hometown.
A. how you usually go to school
B. where you usually spend your holiday
C. when you usually have breakfast at school
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我你通常在哪里度假吗？——在我的家乡。
考查宾语从句。根据答语“In my hometown.”可知，对地点提问，故选B。
7. （2024·河北·统考中考真题）To know ________ the mountain top looks like, you need to reach it.
A. what B. when C. where D. which
【答案】A
【解析】句意：要想知道山顶是什么样子，你需要到达它。
考查宾语从句。what什么；when什么时候；where哪里；which哪一个。分析句子可知，此处指想知道山顶是什么样子，应用what引导宾语从句。故选A。
8. （2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）—I wonder ________
—I’m not sure. Let’s ask Miss Li for help.
A. which subject should we choose
B. what we can do with the rest materials
C. that Bob went to the library just now
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我想知道我们能用剩下的材料做什么？——我不确定。让我们向李小姐求助。考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，wonder后接宾语从句，此处不能用that引导，排除C选项。从句应为陈述句语序，排除A选项。故选B。
9. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）— There will be a robot on show in our school next week.
— Really I wonder ________.
A. what it likes B. what it is like C. what is it like
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——下周我们学校将展出一个机器人。——真的吗？我想知道那是什么样子。
考查宾语从句。根据英语语法，宾语从句应用陈述句语序，C选项可排除。根据上文“There will be a robot on show”提示，此处指的是想知道机器人是什么样子的，故应用what it is like。故选B。
10. （2024·湖北省武汉·中考真题）The saying “Knowledge starts with practice” tells us ________.
A. what is knowledge B. how we can get knowledge
C. why is practice powerful D. when we should start practicing
【答案】B
【解析】句意：“实践出真知”这句话告诉我们如何获得知识。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AC；结合“Knowledge starts with practice”可知，强调方式，故选B。
11. （2024·江苏省连云港市·中考真题）—John, can you tell me _________ in the future
—I want to be a football player.
A. what will you do B. where will you go
C. what you will do D. where you will go
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——约翰，你能告诉我你将来要做什么吗？——我想成为一名足球运动员。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AB；根据“I want to be a football player.”可知此处询问职业，用what引导宾语从句。故选C。
12.（2024·江苏省扬州市·中考真题） Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so many rules.
A. why B. which C. where D. what
【答案】A
【解析】句意：青少年并不总是理解为什么他们的父母有这么多规则。
考查宾语从句。why为什么；which哪一个；where在哪里；what什么。分析句子可知，此处是含宾语从句的复合句，从句不缺主语、宾语，故不用which、what引导从句。结合句子可知，此处询问原因，故用why。故选A。
13. （2024·四川成都·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________ AI is being used to create music
—I’m not sure. Maybe it’s cheaper than paying a musician.
A. why B. if C. how
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你知道为什么人工智能被用来创作音乐吗？——我不确定。也许它比付钱给音乐家便宜。考查宾语从句。why为什么；if如果；how怎样。根据“AI is being used to create music”及“Maybe it’s cheaper than paying a musician.”可知，此处是询问为什么AI被用来创作音乐，答语给出了原因，应用why引导宾语从句。故选A。
14. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I just went back from Guangzhou. Can you guess __________
—I suppose you took the high-speed train (高铁).
A. how did I get there B. when I got there C. how I got there
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我刚从广州回来。你能猜到我是怎么到那里的吗？——我想你坐的是高铁。
考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，本句是宾语从句，用陈述语序，可排除A选项；根据“took the high-speed train (高铁).”可知，是让对方猜测如何去广州的，用how引导宾语从句。故选C。
15. （2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Could you tell me ______ people call these children “little oranges”
—Because they wear cute orange clothing and oranges are famous in Guangxi.
A. how B. when C. why
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我为什么人们叫这些孩子“小砂糖桔”吗？——因为他们穿着可爱的橙色衣服，桔子在广西很有名。
考查宾语从句。how怎样；when什么时候；why为什么。根据答语“Because…”可知，此处询问原因，应用why引导宾语从句。故选C。
16.（2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题） —Excuse me, could you please tell me ________
—It’s on sale, only 45 yuan. Do you like it
A. how much does the jacket cost B. how much the jacket costs
C. what was the price of the jacket D. whether the price of the jacket was high
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我这件夹克多少钱吗？——它在搞特价，只要45元。你喜欢吗？
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“It’s on sale, only 45 yuan.”可知，是对价格提问，用how much，故选B。
17. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—Daddy, the Middle Autumn Festival is coming. Could you please tell me ________ for grandparents
—You can buy some mooncakes, fruits and flowers for them.
A. how to buy B. what to buy C. where to buy D. when to buy
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——爸爸，中秋节就要到了。你能告诉我给爷爷奶奶买什么吗？——你可以给他们买一些月饼、水果和鲜花。
考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。根据答语“You can buy some mooncakes, fruits and flowers for them.”可知，询问应该买什么，故选B。
18. （2024·四川自贡市·中考真题）My teacher told us that May 18th ________ the International Museum Day.
A. is B. was C. be
【答案】A
【解析】句意：老师告诉我们5月18日是国际博物馆日。
考查宾语从句时态。that后接的是宾语从句，从句陈述的是客观事实，所以从句用一般现在时，故选A。
19.（2024·天津·中考真题） — Could you tell me _________
— He likes the Science Museum best.
A. when Kevin visited the museum B. which museum Kevin likes best
C. when did Kevin visit the museum D. which museum does Kevin like best
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我凯文最喜欢哪个博物馆吗？——他最喜欢科学博物馆
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除CD；根据答语“He likes the Science Museum best.”可知，询问最喜欢哪个，故选B。
20. （2024·云南省·中考真题）—Can you tell me________
—Sure. I usually give some books to a village library.
A. when World Book Day is B. when is World Book Day
C. how you celebrate World Book Day D. how do you celebrate World Book Day
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我你是如何庆祝世界图书日的吗？——当然。我通常会把一些书送给村里的图书馆。
考查宾语从句。根据“I usually give some books to a village library.”及选项可知，此处询问如何庆祝世界读书日，询问方式，应用how引导宾语从句。宾语从句应为陈述语序，排除D选项。故选C。
21. （2024·黑龙江龙东地区·中考真题）With the development of the technology, nobody knows ________ the world will be like.
A. that B. what C. how
【答案】B
【解析】句意：随着技术的发展，没有人知道世界会是什么样子。
考查宾语从句。that引导宾语从句，无实义；what引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语；how引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语。此处指没有人知道世界会是什么样子，用what引导宾语从句，充当like的宾语。故选B。
考点2 定语从句
1. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—I feel so nervous. What should I do
—You’d better listen to music that ________.
A. helps you relax B. you can dance C. makes you sad
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我感到很紧张，我该怎么办？——你最好听听能帮助你放松的音乐。
考查定语从句和情景交际。helps you relax帮你放松；you can dance你能跳舞；makes you sad让你伤心。分析句子可知，that后是定语从句，修饰名词music，B项语法上错误，应是you can dance to；结合“I feel so nervous, what should I do ”可知，空处给出的建议应是帮助对方消除紧张，所以A项符合语境，故选A。
2. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A. when B. who C. that
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。——我也是。这三天是有意义的，充满了乐趣。
考查定语从句。when先行词为时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词为人，在从句中作主语/宾语；that先行词为人/物。根据“experiences”可知，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导。故选C。
3. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears.
A. what B. which C. who D. whom
【答案】C
【解析】句意：真正的朋友是一个永远会与你分享欢笑和泪水的人。
考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which哪一个，先行词指物；who谁，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词a person指人，且连接词在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选C。
4. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best
—I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed.
A. what B. which C. who D. /
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你最喜欢哪种电影？——我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。
考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词the movies指物，且连接词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，且不可省略。故选B。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题06 单项选择之宾语从句和定语从句
考点1 宾语从句
1. （2024·安徽·统考中考真题）—Could you tell us ________ we can start a conversation with a foreigner
—Talking about weather is a good choice.
A. how B. whether C. why D. when
2. （2024·福建·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________
—Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, all born in the 1980s.
A. how the Shenzhou XVIII entered space
B. when the Shenzhou XVIII entered space
C. who entered space in the Shenzhou XVⅢ
3. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Excuse me, do you know ________
—Sure. There’s a supermarket down the street.
A. where I can buy some vegetables B. how to get to the post office
C. when the band starts playing D. why he’s late for school again
4. （2024·甘肃省临夏州·中考真题）—Do you know ________ Dunhuang
—Because the scenery there is so fascinating and the culture is so rich.
A. what they think of B. how to get to
C. why many people travel to D. where we can learn about
5. （2024·甘肃省临夏州·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
6. （2024·广西·统考中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________
—In my hometown.
A. how you usually go to school
B. where you usually spend your holiday
C. when you usually have breakfast at school
7. （2024·河北·统考中考真题）To know ________ the mountain top looks like, you need to reach it.
A. what B. when C. where D. which
8. （2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）—I wonder ________
—I’m not sure. Let’s ask Miss Li for help.
A. which subject should we choose
B. what we can do with the rest materials
C. that Bob went to the library just now
9. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）— There will be a robot on show in our school next week.
— Really I wonder ________.
A. what it likes B. what it is like C. what is it like
10. （2024·湖北省武汉·中考真题）The saying “Knowledge starts with practice” tells us ________.
A. what is knowledge B. how we can get knowledge
C. why is practice powerful D. when we should start practicing
11. （2024·江苏省连云港市·中考真题）—John, can you tell me _________ in the future
—I want to be a football player.
A. what will you do B. where will you go
C. what you will do D. where you will go
12.（2024·江苏省扬州市·中考真题） Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so many rules.
A. why B. which C. where D. what
13. （2024·四川成都·统考中考真题）—Do you know ________ AI is being used to create music
—I’m not sure. Maybe it’s cheaper than paying a musician.
A. why B. if C. how
14. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I just went back from Guangzhou. Can you guess __________
—I suppose you took the high-speed train (高铁).
A. how did I get there B. when I got there C. how I got there
15. （2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Could you tell me ______ people call these children “little oranges”
—Because they wear cute orange clothing and oranges are famous in Guangxi.
A. how B. when C. why
16.（2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题） —Excuse me, could you please tell me ________
—It’s on sale, only 45 yuan. Do you like it
A. how much does the jacket cost B. how much the jacket costs
C. what was the price of the jacket D. whether the price of the jacket was high
17. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—Daddy, the Middle Autumn Festival is coming. Could you please tell me ________ for grandparents
—You can buy some mooncakes, fruits and flowers for them.
A. how to buy B. what to buy C. where to buy D. when to buy
18. （2024·四川自贡市·中考真题）My teacher told us that May 18th ________ the International Museum Day.
A. is B. was C. be
19.（2024·天津·中考真题） — Could you tell me _________
— He likes the Science Museum best.
A. when Kevin visited the museum B. which museum Kevin likes best
C. when did Kevin visit the museum D. which museum does Kevin like best
20. （2024·云南省·中考真题）—Can you tell me________
—Sure. I usually give some books to a village library.
A. when World Book Day is B. when is World Book Day
C. how you celebrate World Book Day D. how do you celebrate World Book Day
21. （2024·黑龙江龙东地区·中考真题）With the development of the technology, nobody knows ________ the world will be like.
A. that B. what C. how
考点2 定语从句
1. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—I feel so nervous. What should I do
—You’d better listen to music that ________.
A. helps you relax B. you can dance C. makes you sad
2. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A. when B. who C. that
3. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears.
A. what B. which C. who D. whom
4. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best
—I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed.
A. what B. which C. who D. /
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