Unit 7 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer词汇精讲 2024-2025学年牛津深圳版（广州沈阳通用）九年级英语上册
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| 名称 | Unit 7 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer词汇精讲 2024-2025学年牛津深圳版（广州沈阳通用）九年级英语上册 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-07-10 10:51:00 | ||
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Unit7
1.adventure n. 冒险、冒险经历；adventurous adj. 有冒险精神的、大胆开拓的；adventurer n. 冒险者、冒险家
一段冒险经历an adventure
练习：Their cultural backgrounds give them a spirit of adventure. 他们的文化背景赋予了他们一种冒险精神。
Adventurers all like going to unusual places. 冒险家都喜欢去不寻常的地方。
novel n. (长篇)小说 adj. 新颖的； novelist n. 小说家； novelette n. 小小说
短语：history novel 历史小说； romance novel言情小说； science novel 科幻小说； detective novel 侦探小说
例句：The detective novel is very popular with many boys. 侦探小说非常受多数男生的欢迎。
【辨析】novel、story和fiction
(1)novel(长篇)小说、小说(指其文学艺术的特性)；(2)story 故事、传说、小说(尤指短篇小说)；(3)fiction 虚构、捏造、杜撰的小说。
3.congratulationsn. (pl.) 祝贺、恭贺 congratulate v. 祝贺(某人)
固定搭配congratulations to sb. on sth. 就某事向某人祝贺； congratulate sb./oneself on… 向某人表示祝贺；为自己高兴
练习：Congratulations on your success！祝贺你成功了！
I congratulated them all on their achievements. 我为他们取得的成就向他们所有人表示祝贺。
You should congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.你应该为你出色的工作感到高兴。
4.humorous adj.滑稽有趣的、有幽默感的 反义词humorless/boring 近义词funny
humor n.幽默； humorously adv.幽默地、诙谐地
例句：He has a cheerful sense of humor.他有一种轻松的幽默感。
5.progress 不可数n. 进展、进步 progressive adj. 进步的、先进的
近义词advancement (进展、前进)；development (发展、进展)；improvement (改进、进展)
固定搭配：make (good/great) progress in (doing) sth. 在……方面取得(大)进步
make some progress取得一些进步； make no progress 没取得进展； make great progress进步很大
练习：(1)Your great ____progress______ (progress) impressed me a lot.
(2)We made some progress in __memorizing__________ (memory) English words.
6.pity n.[U]同情、怜悯 [sing.]惋惜、遗憾、 可惜的事， 遗憾的事，近义词sympathy、shame;
pitiful adj. 沉默的、安静的
短语：out of pity 出于同情＝out of sympathy； take/have pity on对……表示同情
练习：It's a great pity that we have lost such a great man！＝It's a great pity for us to lose such a great man.失去一个这么伟大的人，令人十分遗憾。
We feel great pity for the woman whose baby died.我们很同情这个死了孩子的妇女。
silence n. 沉默、缄默 silent adj. 沉默的、安静的，同义词quiet ，比较级more silent，最高级most silent
silently adv.沉默，同义词quietly
短语：in silence沉默地＝silently＝fall silent 陷入沉默
练习(1)We should keep ___silent_____ (silence) when we watch films.
(2)He sits there ____silently______ (silence)．
8.careful adj. 小心的、谨慎的 反义词careless adj.粗心的、轻率的、大意的；carelessness n. 粗心、轻率、不关心
care n. 保养、照顾、看护 take care of… 照料……；注意……
care v. care for照料；看护；深爱
carefully adv. 认真地、小心地 ＝ with care
Be careful！＝ Watch out！＝ Look out！＝Take care! 小心！当心！
例句：：I'll be really careful. 我一定会小心的。
They took good care of the old people there. 他们把那的老人照顾得很好。
She does some voluntary work, caring for the elderly.她干一些照顾老人的义务工作。
We are supposed to cross with care at the traffic lights. 横穿马路时要留心看交通指挥灯。
9.deal n. 交易 deal v. 处理、对待(deal—dealt—dealt); deal with 处理=do with ,注意：deal with常与疑问词how连用；do with常与疑问词what连用。
deal with a(n)problem/issue 处理/解决问题＝solve a(n) problem/issue
练习：That's a deal. 成交。
He knows how to deal with children very well. 他清楚该怎么对待孩子。
He knows what to do with children very well. 他清楚该怎么对待孩子。
10.pretend（pretended-pretended-pretending） v. 假装、佯装；pretended adj. 伪装的、假装的；pretender n. 伪装者、冒充者
固定搭配：pretend to do sth. 假装做某事；
常用句型：pretend that ＋从句 假装……(的样子)
练习：He pretended that painting the fence is not hard work but fun.
他假装粉刷栅栏不是辛苦的工作而是很有乐趣。
He pretended to be dead when he met a bear. 当遇到一头熊时，他就装死。
think of 想起、（近义词remember）有……想法、对……有……意见、想象到（近义词imagine）
think about 考虑、设想(做某事)； think over仔细考虑、认真思考(做某事的可行性)
What do you think of sb. ＝How do you like sb.
think of...as...=regard...as...=consider...as... 把……当作……
例句：He thinks of himself as a brilliant musician.他认为自己是一个杰出的音乐家
＝He considers himself as a brilliant musician.
I suggest you think over the matter and then make a decision. 我建议你仔细思索这件事，然后再做决定。
12.trick n. 恶作剧
trick sb. into doing sth.诱使某人做某事、欺骗某人做某事=deceive (sb.) into (doing)
trick sb. out of… 从某人手中骗走(金钱、物品等)
make fun of sb. 取笑、嘲弄； make a joke of/about sth.开玩笑/戏弄
练习：Don't try ___tricking_______ (trick) me, I know your _____tricks___ (trick)．
13.humorous adj.幽默的、诙谐的、滑稽的、可笑的 同义词funny、entertaining a sense of humour 幽默感
humor n.滑稽、幽默、幽默感 ，同义词funniness； humorously adv.幽默地、诙谐地、滑稽地
练习：1) Teachers with a sense of ____humor______ are more attracted to students in class.
2) ____Humorously_______, the dog took this photo.
14.rest v. 休息、支撑、倚靠 n. 休息（近义词break）、剩下部分、其余（近义词the others）
短语：休息take/have a rest； 剩余的the rest of rest in bed卧床休息
躺、倚靠在某物上rest (sth.) on/against sth
例句： The rest of the press has enjoyed the magazine's discomfiture.这家杂志陷入窘境，同行都因此窃喜。
after I'd had a rest在我休息了片刻之后
15.lead（led-led-leading） n. 铅 [led]、领先地位 v. 引导，领导 leader n. 领导人 leading adj. 最重要的
导致lead to=cause； 带领某人做某事lead sb. to do sth.；带领某人到某地lead sb. to +sp.
练习：He ________led____ her into the garden and enjoyed the beautiful flowers.
She took the ___lead_____ in the competition.
Each group should choose a ____leader_____.
Eating too much sugar may ___lead____ to health problems.
celebrated adj. 著名的，同义词 famous、well-known celebrity n.名人； celebrate v. 祝贺、过、主持、赞美；
celebration n.庆祝活动、颂扬、感激， 同义词 festival
练习：He is a ___celebrated_________ artist.
The ____celebration_______ for the National Day was wonderful.
They ____celebrating__________ for the birthdy.
17.task n.任务、工作 同义词job=work
例句：I am the best person to do this task/job/work. 我是做这项工作的最佳人选。
18.while n. 一段时间、一会儿，同义词moment； period (一段时间；时期)；interval (间隔；一段时间)
短语：after a while=after a moment = later on过了一会儿 、稍后
while conj. 虽然、然而、当……的时候 同义词：whereas； though； until
【辨析】while、though、whereas都含有转折的意思，它们的用法区别在于，用在句中时，while前后句子之结构要求并列相对，whereas 在结构上则不一定不需要严格平行，同时while表示对比概念的时候，两个事物要是同时发生；though通常用于口语中，也可以用于引导两个相对独立的句子，表示相对意义的对比或限制关系。
I enjoyed the concert, though the sound quality was not great.（音质不太好，但我还是喜欢这场音乐会。）
He was reading a book while waiting for the train.（他在等火车的时候读书。）
Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it.
e along出现、一起来 同义词组show up=appear
练习：（A）The singer will come along at his party. （选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项）
A. show up B. disappear C. walk along
20.survey v. 查看、审视 n.调查、测量 do a survey about做关于...的调查
21.frog n. 青蛙
22.steamboat n. 汽船 paddle wheeler (轮船)；riverboat (游船)； Stern wheeler (轮船)
23.steam n. 蒸汽
24.writer n. 作家 同义词author write（wrote-written）v.写
25.board n. 木板 v.上船、上飞机、上公共汽车（同义词组get on the train/plane/bus）、寄宿
固定搭配：黑板 blackboard； 通告板notice board； 寄宿学校boarding school
26.lazy adj. 懒惰的，近义词idle adj. 懒惰的、闲散的，反义词有diligent adj.勤勉的、勤奋的； lazily adv.懒惰地 laziness n.懒惰、懒散 比较级lazier,最高级laziest
27.plot 不可数n. 故事情节
28.fence n. 栅栏，篱笆 近义词barrier (屏障；障碍)；enclosure (围栏；围墙)；palisade (栅栏；围墙)
29.coat n. 涂料层
30. let...down 让……失望
31.pick up “拾起，捡起” 是“动词+ 副词”构成的短语，若其后接代词，则代词只能放在pick 和up 之间， 若后面接名词，则名词既可放在pick 和up 之间，也可放在pick up 后面；pick up还有“（开车）接/取，搭载；（不费力/无意）学会，获得”之意。
练习：There is a book on the floor. Please pick it up. 地板上有一本书。请把它捡起来。
He picked up his cap from the floor 他从地上捡起他的帽子。
I saw a mother pick up her daughter. 我看见一位母亲来接她女儿。
32.chance n. 机会,可能性
短语：①take a chance 冒险，碰运气 ②have/get a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 ③by chance 偶然
练习：Don't take a chance to cheat in the exam. 在考试中，不要冒险作弊。
Don’t talk to a stranger you meet by chance in the wood. 不要对一个你在树林中偶然遇到的陌生人说话。
33. go on doing sth.意为：不停地做某事，继续做某事 近义词组continue、 keep (doing)
短语：①go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事 ②go on with sth. 继续做某事 （前后做同一件事，但中间有暂停情况）
练习(1) The students went on talking and laughing all the way . 学生们一路上说说笑笑。
(2) You can’t go on working without a break. 你不能不停地工作而不休息。
1.adventure n. 冒险、冒险经历；adventurous adj. 有冒险精神的、大胆开拓的；adventurer n. 冒险者、冒险家
一段冒险经历an adventure
练习：Their cultural backgrounds give them a spirit of adventure. 他们的文化背景赋予了他们一种冒险精神。
Adventurers all like going to unusual places. 冒险家都喜欢去不寻常的地方。
novel n. (长篇)小说 adj. 新颖的； novelist n. 小说家； novelette n. 小小说
短语：history novel 历史小说； romance novel言情小说； science novel 科幻小说； detective novel 侦探小说
例句：The detective novel is very popular with many boys. 侦探小说非常受多数男生的欢迎。
【辨析】novel、story和fiction
(1)novel(长篇)小说、小说(指其文学艺术的特性)；(2)story 故事、传说、小说(尤指短篇小说)；(3)fiction 虚构、捏造、杜撰的小说。
3.congratulationsn. (pl.) 祝贺、恭贺 congratulate v. 祝贺(某人)
固定搭配congratulations to sb. on sth. 就某事向某人祝贺； congratulate sb./oneself on… 向某人表示祝贺；为自己高兴
练习：Congratulations on your success！祝贺你成功了！
I congratulated them all on their achievements. 我为他们取得的成就向他们所有人表示祝贺。
You should congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.你应该为你出色的工作感到高兴。
4.humorous adj.滑稽有趣的、有幽默感的 反义词humorless/boring 近义词funny
humor n.幽默； humorously adv.幽默地、诙谐地
例句：He has a cheerful sense of humor.他有一种轻松的幽默感。
5.progress 不可数n. 进展、进步 progressive adj. 进步的、先进的
近义词advancement (进展、前进)；development (发展、进展)；improvement (改进、进展)
固定搭配：make (good/great) progress in (doing) sth. 在……方面取得(大)进步
make some progress取得一些进步； make no progress 没取得进展； make great progress进步很大
练习：(1)Your great ____progress______ (progress) impressed me a lot.
(2)We made some progress in __memorizing__________ (memory) English words.
6.pity n.[U]同情、怜悯 [sing.]惋惜、遗憾、 可惜的事， 遗憾的事，近义词sympathy、shame;
pitiful adj. 沉默的、安静的
短语：out of pity 出于同情＝out of sympathy； take/have pity on对……表示同情
练习：It's a great pity that we have lost such a great man！＝It's a great pity for us to lose such a great man.失去一个这么伟大的人，令人十分遗憾。
We feel great pity for the woman whose baby died.我们很同情这个死了孩子的妇女。
silence n. 沉默、缄默 silent adj. 沉默的、安静的，同义词quiet ，比较级more silent，最高级most silent
silently adv.沉默，同义词quietly
短语：in silence沉默地＝silently＝fall silent 陷入沉默
练习(1)We should keep ___silent_____ (silence) when we watch films.
(2)He sits there ____silently______ (silence)．
8.careful adj. 小心的、谨慎的 反义词careless adj.粗心的、轻率的、大意的；carelessness n. 粗心、轻率、不关心
care n. 保养、照顾、看护 take care of… 照料……；注意……
care v. care for照料；看护；深爱
carefully adv. 认真地、小心地 ＝ with care
Be careful！＝ Watch out！＝ Look out！＝Take care! 小心！当心！
例句：：I'll be really careful. 我一定会小心的。
They took good care of the old people there. 他们把那的老人照顾得很好。
She does some voluntary work, caring for the elderly.她干一些照顾老人的义务工作。
We are supposed to cross with care at the traffic lights. 横穿马路时要留心看交通指挥灯。
9.deal n. 交易 deal v. 处理、对待(deal—dealt—dealt); deal with 处理=do with ,注意：deal with常与疑问词how连用；do with常与疑问词what连用。
deal with a(n)problem/issue 处理/解决问题＝solve a(n) problem/issue
练习：That's a deal. 成交。
He knows how to deal with children very well. 他清楚该怎么对待孩子。
He knows what to do with children very well. 他清楚该怎么对待孩子。
10.pretend（pretended-pretended-pretending） v. 假装、佯装；pretended adj. 伪装的、假装的；pretender n. 伪装者、冒充者
固定搭配：pretend to do sth. 假装做某事；
常用句型：pretend that ＋从句 假装……(的样子)
练习：He pretended that painting the fence is not hard work but fun.
他假装粉刷栅栏不是辛苦的工作而是很有乐趣。
He pretended to be dead when he met a bear. 当遇到一头熊时，他就装死。
think of 想起、（近义词remember）有……想法、对……有……意见、想象到（近义词imagine）
think about 考虑、设想(做某事)； think over仔细考虑、认真思考(做某事的可行性)
What do you think of sb. ＝How do you like sb.
think of...as...=regard...as...=consider...as... 把……当作……
例句：He thinks of himself as a brilliant musician.他认为自己是一个杰出的音乐家
＝He considers himself as a brilliant musician.
I suggest you think over the matter and then make a decision. 我建议你仔细思索这件事，然后再做决定。
12.trick n. 恶作剧
trick sb. into doing sth.诱使某人做某事、欺骗某人做某事=deceive (sb.) into (doing)
trick sb. out of… 从某人手中骗走(金钱、物品等)
make fun of sb. 取笑、嘲弄； make a joke of/about sth.开玩笑/戏弄
练习：Don't try ___tricking_______ (trick) me, I know your _____tricks___ (trick)．
13.humorous adj.幽默的、诙谐的、滑稽的、可笑的 同义词funny、entertaining a sense of humour 幽默感
humor n.滑稽、幽默、幽默感 ，同义词funniness； humorously adv.幽默地、诙谐地、滑稽地
练习：1) Teachers with a sense of ____humor______ are more attracted to students in class.
2) ____Humorously_______, the dog took this photo.
14.rest v. 休息、支撑、倚靠 n. 休息（近义词break）、剩下部分、其余（近义词the others）
短语：休息take/have a rest； 剩余的the rest of rest in bed卧床休息
躺、倚靠在某物上rest (sth.) on/against sth
例句： The rest of the press has enjoyed the magazine's discomfiture.这家杂志陷入窘境，同行都因此窃喜。
after I'd had a rest在我休息了片刻之后
15.lead（led-led-leading） n. 铅 [led]、领先地位 v. 引导，领导 leader n. 领导人 leading adj. 最重要的
导致lead to=cause； 带领某人做某事lead sb. to do sth.；带领某人到某地lead sb. to +sp.
练习：He ________led____ her into the garden and enjoyed the beautiful flowers.
She took the ___lead_____ in the competition.
Each group should choose a ____leader_____.
Eating too much sugar may ___lead____ to health problems.
celebrated adj. 著名的，同义词 famous、well-known celebrity n.名人； celebrate v. 祝贺、过、主持、赞美；
celebration n.庆祝活动、颂扬、感激， 同义词 festival
练习：He is a ___celebrated_________ artist.
The ____celebration_______ for the National Day was wonderful.
They ____celebrating__________ for the birthdy.
17.task n.任务、工作 同义词job=work
例句：I am the best person to do this task/job/work. 我是做这项工作的最佳人选。
18.while n. 一段时间、一会儿，同义词moment； period (一段时间；时期)；interval (间隔；一段时间)
短语：after a while=after a moment = later on过了一会儿 、稍后
while conj. 虽然、然而、当……的时候 同义词：whereas； though； until
【辨析】while、though、whereas都含有转折的意思，它们的用法区别在于，用在句中时，while前后句子之结构要求并列相对，whereas 在结构上则不一定不需要严格平行，同时while表示对比概念的时候，两个事物要是同时发生；though通常用于口语中，也可以用于引导两个相对独立的句子，表示相对意义的对比或限制关系。
I enjoyed the concert, though the sound quality was not great.（音质不太好，但我还是喜欢这场音乐会。）
He was reading a book while waiting for the train.（他在等火车的时候读书。）
Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it.
e along出现、一起来 同义词组show up=appear
练习：（A）The singer will come along at his party. （选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项）
A. show up B. disappear C. walk along
20.survey v. 查看、审视 n.调查、测量 do a survey about做关于...的调查
21.frog n. 青蛙
22.steamboat n. 汽船 paddle wheeler (轮船)；riverboat (游船)； Stern wheeler (轮船)
23.steam n. 蒸汽
24.writer n. 作家 同义词author write（wrote-written）v.写
25.board n. 木板 v.上船、上飞机、上公共汽车（同义词组get on the train/plane/bus）、寄宿
固定搭配：黑板 blackboard； 通告板notice board； 寄宿学校boarding school
26.lazy adj. 懒惰的，近义词idle adj. 懒惰的、闲散的，反义词有diligent adj.勤勉的、勤奋的； lazily adv.懒惰地 laziness n.懒惰、懒散 比较级lazier,最高级laziest
27.plot 不可数n. 故事情节
28.fence n. 栅栏，篱笆 近义词barrier (屏障；障碍)；enclosure (围栏；围墙)；palisade (栅栏；围墙)
29.coat n. 涂料层
30. let...down 让……失望
31.pick up “拾起，捡起” 是“动词+ 副词”构成的短语，若其后接代词，则代词只能放在pick 和up 之间， 若后面接名词，则名词既可放在pick 和up 之间，也可放在pick up 后面；pick up还有“（开车）接/取，搭载；（不费力/无意）学会，获得”之意。
练习：There is a book on the floor. Please pick it up. 地板上有一本书。请把它捡起来。
He picked up his cap from the floor 他从地上捡起他的帽子。
I saw a mother pick up her daughter. 我看见一位母亲来接她女儿。
32.chance n. 机会,可能性
短语：①take a chance 冒险，碰运气 ②have/get a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 ③by chance 偶然
练习：Don't take a chance to cheat in the exam. 在考试中，不要冒险作弊。
Don’t talk to a stranger you meet by chance in the wood. 不要对一个你在树林中偶然遇到的陌生人说话。
33. go on doing sth.意为：不停地做某事，继续做某事 近义词组continue、 keep (doing)
短语：①go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事 ②go on with sth. 继续做某事 （前后做同一件事，但中间有暂停情况）
练习(1) The students went on talking and laughing all the way . 学生们一路上说说笑笑。
(2) You can’t go on working without a break. 你不能不停地工作而不休息。