Unit 4 Problems and advice 词汇精讲 2024-2025学年牛津深圳版(广州沈阳通用)九年级英语上册

文档属性

名称 Unit 4 Problems and advice 词汇精讲 2024-2025学年牛津深圳版(广州沈阳通用)九年级英语上册
格式 docx
文件大小 26.8KB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 牛津深圳版
科目 英语
更新时间 2024-07-10 10:58:30

图片预览

文档简介

Unit4
1.regret v. 懊悔、感到遗憾,同义词组feel sorry about/repent (忏悔); 过去式regretted; n.“懊悔、遗憾、失望
同根词:regretful:adj. 后悔的,失望的,遗憾的 a regretful look 遗憾的神情
regretfully:adv. 遗憾地,懊悔地; regrettable:adj. 令人惋惜的,可惜的,令人遗憾的
固定短语show/express regret 表示遗憾、显出悔恨; regret to do sth. 很遗憾要去做某事;
regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事
拓展:remember和forget与其用法类似。
remember to do sth.记得要去做某事(没做);remember doing sth.记得做过的事(已做)
forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事(没做);forget doing sth.忘记做过的事(已做)
练习:(1)Passengers, we regret ___to tell______ (tell) you that the flight is delayed.
(2)I really regret ____telling_____ (tell) you the truth.
2.ashamed adj. 惭愧;羞愧 近义词:guilty (有罪的)remorseful (懊悔的)regretful (后悔的)
短语: feel ashamed of/at 对……感到惭愧 ;be ashamed to do sth 羞于做某事; be ashamed that 因……感到惭愧
例句: I felt ashamed of the things I'd said to him.
advantage作可数名词 ,优势、优点,作不可数名词时,意为“益处”,常用little,no, any 等词修饰,advantage in doing sth. 意为“做某事……益处”; 近义词benefit (好处);edge (优势);upper hand (上风) 反义词disadvantage
advantage n. 劣势;缺点; advantageous adj. 有利的,有好处的
固定短语take (full) advantage of…= make (full)use of… (充分)利用……
have an advantage over… 胜过……;优于……
练习:We are supposed to take advantage of our spare time to take up a new hobby.我们应该利用课余时间去发展新爱好。
4.embarrassed:adj.窘迫的、尴尬的,近义词近义词:shy、ashamed、awkward (尴尬的)
固定短语be embarrassed about/at sth. 对……感到难堪,窘迫,尴尬;be embarrassed to do sth. 对做某事感到尴尬
to one's embarrassment令某人尴尬的是
同根词 embarrass v. 使窘迫,尴尬,使为难;embarrassing adj. 令人难堪的,尴尬的,使人害羞的;
embarrassment n. 害羞,窘迫,尴尬。
练习:(1)Don't be so ____embarrassed_________(embarrass),it is ok.
(2)It was really _____embarrassing_________(embarrass) that I fell over in front of lots of people.
5. model n. 模特儿、型号 runway (T型台) catwalk (走秀) to model sth out of sth 用…做…的模型
例句: an off-the-shelf model现成的型号
6.suggest v. 建议、提议,近义词advise(建议)propose (提议)recommend (推荐)advocate (倡导),其后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式做宾语,还可接从句; suggest v.暗示、表明
固定短语suggest doing sth.建议做某事,近义词组advise doing sth.
come up with/give sb./put forward/make a suggestion提出建议、给某人建议;
accept/adopt/follow one's suggestion 采纳某人的建议。
固定句型:suggest that从句,从句中的谓语动词置于should后,should可省略,因此从句的谓语动词必须跟动词原形。
同根词:suggestion:n. 建议,提议(可数名词);a suggestion = a piece of advice。
练习:(1)_____Suggestions_________(suggest) are needed by students before the final exam.
(2)I ___suggest ______ (suggest) that all the bike should be placed in a fixed place.
diet n. 规定饮食 ; (be) on a diet 节食; a balanced diet 均衡饮食;weight loss (减肥);
healthy eating (健康饮食);nutrition (营养)
例句: She's always on a diet.她经常节食
8.hate v. 厌恶、憎恶 , 近义词despise (鄙视)detest (憎恶)abhor (厌恶) 反义词admire钦佩;like喜欢
短语:hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事; hate doing sth. 不愿意做某事,指泛指的行为,是经常或习惯性的行为或动作。
练习:I hate to see you in such a low spirits.我讨厌看到你情绪这么低落
She hates smoking in her room.她讨厌在房间里抽烟
9.careless adj. 粗心造成的、不小心的、粗心的;carelessly adv. 粗心地、不仔细地;carelessness n. 粗心、疏忽
近义词 negligent (疏忽的); 反义词careful adj. 细心的、谨慎的;carefully adv. 仔细地、谨慎地;
care:n. & v. 关心、在意
固定短语be careless about/with sth. 对……不仔细; take care of…照顾……
练习:(1)Be ___careful______, a car is coming.
(2)You are ____careless______ (care) to made such stupid mistake again.
10.worry:v. 担忧、焦虑; worry n. 烦恼、忧虑;worried 感到担心的; worrying 让人忧虑的
a big worry 一件很头疼的事 ; add to/increase worry 增加烦恼; alleviate/ease worry 减轻忧虑
短语;worry about sth. 为……担心 = be worried about 为……感到担忧
例句:Don't worry about me. I'm fine.不要为我担心,我不会有事的。
The letter freshly received from her son greatly alleviated her worry.她刚收到的儿子的来信大大减轻了她的担忧。
11.business事情, 近义词ffair (事务)matter (事情)transaction (交易)
12. none 代名词, 全无、没有一点儿、没有一个、没有人、无人、没有一个人;同义词:not any; not one; nobody
13.none of one's business 与某人无关, 近义词短语not one's concern不关某人的事;have nothing to do with sb
练习:—That's none of your business.那与你无关。
=That has nothing to do with you.
拓展have something to do with…与……有关;mind your own business 少管闲事、管好自己的事;
not one's responsibility不是某人的责任
例句:This has something to do with nature. 这与大自然有关。
Stop asking me personal questions and mind your own business.别再问我私人问题了,管好你自己的事吧。
14.hear from:收到某人的信件、电子邮件、电话等,后常跟表示人的名词或代词,同义词组receive/get a letter from,但要注意from后面应该接sb.,而不是sth.;hear of/ about 听说,后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式
receive communication from;get news from ; be contacted by
练习:I haven't heard from my e-friend for a long time.(√)
I didn't hear from Linda's email yesterday.(×)
I get/receive a letter from my uncle.(√)
15.lie:v.躺(lay;lain); 位于(lay;lain);撒谎(lied;lied);n.谎言、谎话; liar n. 撒谎者
固定短语lie down 躺下;Lie on… 躺在……上;lie in…躺在……
lie in…位于……= be located in… ;lie to sb. 向某人撒谎
tell a lie / tell lies 撒谎; a white lie 善意的谎言
辨  析:lie 与lay v.放置;下蛋(laid;laid)
He laid the book on the shelf. 他把书放到了架子上。
The hens aren't laying well now. 母鸡现在不太下蛋了。
16.situation n.情况、局面,环境、工作、职位, 同义词 location位置;circumstance (环境);condition (条件);
scenario (方案)
短语:situations vacant (报刊上的)招聘广告(栏)
例句:1. Tony cautioned against misrepresenting the situation.托尼告诫说不要歪曲情况。
2. We're in a no-win situation.我们陷入了必败的处境。
3. I think the authorities are in a catch-22 situation. Their hands are tied either way.我认为当局陷入了进退维谷的境地,采取哪种措施都无济于事。
17. mess n. 杂乱/不整洁 近义词 disorder (混乱);chaos (混沌);untidiness (不整洁)
短语:make a mess (搞得一塌糊涂)
例句:Make some jam if you want to, but dont make a mess in the kitchen.你如果愿意就做些果酱,不过别把厨房弄得一团糟
18.awful adj. 很坏的、极讨厌的, 近义词terrible (可怕的);horrible (恐怖的);dreadful (糟糕的)
例句:1. That's awful!这可太糟糕了!
2. Rotherham is an awful place.罗瑟勒姆是个可怕的地方。
ment n.评论、意见、闲话、流言蜚语;vi.作出评论、发表意见、作注解、作评注;vt.评论
近义词remark(评语)、feedback (反馈)、opinion (意见)
短语not to be available for comment 无法发表评论 ;to be a comment on sth 是…的写照(或体现);
no comment 无可奉告 ;to comment on sb/sth 对…作出评论、对…发表意见 ;to comment (that) ... 发表意见说…
练习:1. I waited apprehensively for him to comment.我战战兢兢地等待他的评判。
2. He made no comment.他未予置评。
20.braces n. ((儿童)牙箍) orthodontic appliance (正畸器械);dental braces (牙套);teeth aligners (牙齿矫正器)
例句:Iron braces gird her polio-stricken legs.她那双得了麻痹症的腿上有一圈铁支架。
21. laugh at (嘲笑;讥笑) 近义词mock (嘲笑);ridicule (嘲笑);tease (取笑)
laugh to sb对某人大笑
例句:Dont laugh at other people.不要嘲笑别人
He forced a laugh to his shaking lips .他颤抖的两唇发出了一声干笑
22. request vt.请求、要求;n.请求、要求, 近义词appeal (呼吁);entreaty (恳求);plea (求情)
短语:sb requests the pleasure of your company 敬请光临 ;by request 应邀、遵嘱 ;
at sb's request/at the request of sb 应某人的请求、按照某人的要求 ;in request 备受欢迎的 ;on request 一经要求
例句: U.N. officials said a formal request was passed to American authorities.联合国官员表示,已向美国当局提出了正式的请求。
drive sb. mad 使某人发疯、生气 近义词irritate (激怒);annoy (使生气);frustrate (使沮丧)
短语like mad 玩命地、疯狂地、狂热地;to be mad keen on sth 对某事物着迷、对某事物狂热 ;as mad as a hatter 非常疯狂的
例句:The bad weather drives her mad.这么糟糕的天气让他感到快疯了
24.annoying adj.使恼怒的、使生气的 近义词irritating (令人恼火的);frustrating (令人沮丧的);aggravating (激怒的)
annoy vt.使恼怒;使生气;使烦恼;打搅;干扰;骚扰;同义词:irritate; attack
annoyed adj.恼怒的;生气的 同义词:angry
【辨析】annoying表示令人不愉快的事物或行为,而annoyed则表示受到这些事物或行为的影响而感到不悦。
练习:1. She looked rather annoyed.她显得挺生气。
2.What’s the matter What annoy you 怎么了?什么惹着你了?
3. Stop annoying the dog!别招惹那条狗了!
25.online adj.在线的 Internet-based (基于互联网的); Digital (数字的); Web-based (基于网络的)
反义词offline adj.未联网的,离线的
26.fail vt.未能通过(课程、考试等)、未能使(课程、考试等)及格、评定…不及格、vi.(考试、课程等)不及格、未通过、失败、倒闭n.不及格、草皮
同义词:fade; sod;flunk (不及格);not pass (未通过);fail to meet the requirements (未达到要求)
短语:to fail to do sth 未能做成某事 ;to fail miserably 彻底失败、完全做不到
例句:1. If you fail, retakes are in September.如果你不及格的话,要参加9月份的重考。
27.though conj.尽管、虽然;adv.不过、但是 even though 纵然、即使
近义词however (然而);nevertheless (尽管如此);despite (尽管)
【辨析】though引导让步状语从句时表示一种假设的情况或含有推测的意味,从句的谓语动词可用陈述式,也可用虚拟式,有时为了强调让步的意义,可采用倒装语序。
2.however用法:however 通常引导一个让步状语从句,从句中的形容词或副词必须紧接其后。howeverr比but的词义还要弱些,并不直接引出相反的意见,多插在句中,有时也放在句首或句尾,但都应紧跟在进行对比的词或短语之后,用逗号将其与其他词分开,although 比 though 更为正式
例句:Gareth interrupted, though not nastily.加雷思打断了我的话,尽管他并没有恶意。
This, however, isn't true.然而,这不是真的。
28.out of place 格格不入 近义词inappropriate不合适的、不适当的;not fitting不合适;out of sync不同步
29.exam n.考试、体检、医学检查;comp.考试的 test (测试) examination n.(考试) assessment (评估)
短语:exam pressure/stress 考试压力
例句:I've got an exam tomorrow.我明天要参加一场考试。