Unit2
1.mind:n. 聪明人、富有才智的人(近义词intelligence, brains, wisdom);n.大脑、头脑( 既可做可数名词也可做不可数名词);n.思考能力、智慧、思维方式; mind v. 介意,同义词care 介意,在意
固定短语make up one's mind to do sth. 决定做某事,同义词组 decide to do sth.=make a decision to do sth. = be determined to do sth.; keep one's mind on sth. 专心于……; have a mind of your own有主见;能自做决定。
put/turn/set one's mind to sth.集中精力做,下决心做; mind sth. 介意某事;mind doing sth. 介意做某事;
mind sb./one's doing sth. 介意某人做某事; never mind 没有关系;不要放在心上
consider v. 认为、觉得、考虑 , 同义词think (about)
同根词:consideration n. 考虑、深思; considerate adj. 考虑周到的;
considerable adj. 相当多(或大、重要等)的 , 同义词significant.
固定短语consider doing sth. 考虑做某事;
consider sb.(as / to be)sth. 认为某人是…… ,同义词组see/look on/regard/think of + sb. as sth.
练习:This award is considered (as / to be) a great honour. 这项奖被视为极大地荣誉。
genius n. 天才,
sense:n. 理解力(同义词understanding);判断力(同义词judgement);感官
同根词:sensible adj.明智的、理智的、合理的、朴素实用的
固定短语have a (strong) sense of humour / timing /pride / purpose / security / duty /justice有着(很强)的幽默感/时机感/骄傲感/目标感/安全感/责任感 /正义感。
have the sense to do sth. 对做……有良好的判断力/清晰的认识。
sense of smell/taste/touch/hearing 嗅觉/味觉/触觉/听觉。
make sense 有道理;有意义;讲得通。 make sense (for sb.)to do sth. 做某事是明智的,合乎情理的。 make sense of sth. 理解,弄懂。
be sensible of 意识到 = be aware of = realize。
5.invitation n. 邀请; invite v. 邀请(同义词 request; tempt;)常用于短语invite sb. to sth.和invite sb. to do sth.
固定短语:an invitation to sth.……的请柬; an invitation to do sth. 做某事的邀请
练习:Did you receive an invitation to Lucy's birthday party 你收到露西生日派对的请柬了吗?
I didn't take his invitation to attend the party. 我并没接受邀请出席派对。
6.receive v.得到,收到, 同义词accept
【辨析】receive 指客观上“收到”,也可用来表示“接待”和“遭受”; accept表示主观上“接受”某人、“承认或赞同”某一看法或理论。
练习1.I A an email from the university.
A. received B. accepted
2. He B a gift but he didn’t it.
A. accepted; receive B. received; accept
7.pleasure n. 乐事、快事(可数名词);高兴、快乐(不可数名词) 反义词displeasure
同根词:please (感叹词)请;v. 使满意,使开心;pleased adj. 高兴的,满意的( 同义词happy/satisfied );
pleasant adj. 令人高兴的,宜人的,友好的;pleasing adj. 令人高兴的
固定短语take pleasure in (doing) sth.=enjoy (doing) sth.喜欢做某事。
for pleasure = for fun 为了高兴; have the pleasure of doing sth.做某事开心。
at one's pleasure 根据某人的意愿;随意。
It is a pleasure (for sb.) to do sth. 做某事(对某人来说)是高兴的; be pleased with… 对……满意 = be happy/satisfied with
be pleased with oneself 沾沾自喜、自鸣得意、飘飘然 be pleased to do sth. 乐于做某事 = be willing to do sth
练习:(1)My mother is ____pleased_____ (please) with my performances nowadays.
(2)It is really a ____pleasure______ (please) to work with my mother.
8.avoid v. 避免、避开(同义词:prevent) ; 同根词:avoidable adj. 可避免的; avoidance n. 避免;回避
固定短语:avoid(sb./sth.)doing sth. 避免,防止做某事= keep away from doing sth. = keep off doing sth.
练习:People plant more trees to avoid soil being washed away.人们种植更多的树防止土壤流失。
9.trust:v. 信任、信赖(同义词组have confidence in); n. 信任、信赖 反义词distrust/mistrust不信任
同根词:trusty adj. 可信任的、可信赖的、忠实的
固定短语trust sb. to do sth.相信某人做某事; trust in sb./sth.信任、信赖
trust sb. with one's life性命相托的人
注意:trust相当于believe in,而非believe,因为believe侧重相信某人的话。
例句:I believe him but I don't trust him. 我相信他的话,但我不信赖他。
astronomer n.天文学家; astronomy n.天文学; astronomical adj.天文学的,巨大的
achievement n. 成就、成绩
achieve v. 达成,实现(梦想/目标),同义词realize/fulfill; 得到,获得,同义词 get/gain; 完成,同义词 accomplish
例句:You should spare no effort to achieve your dream.你应该努力去实现你的梦想。
12.sense可数名词,理解力、判断力,通常用单数 vt.(感官上)感觉到,同义词understand
短语:sense of humour 幽默感; sense of direction 方向感
13.humour不可数名词,幽默,同义词funniness; humorous形容词,滑稽有趣的、有幽默感的;副词 humorously
例句: He has a wide mouth and humorous eyes. 他有一张大大的嘴巴和一双滑稽的眼睛。
14.lecture 可数名词 讲座、演讲
短语:give a lecture讲课、演讲; attend a lecture听讲座;
练习:The scientist gave a lecture (讲课) to us.
Did you attend the lecture (听讲座) on Mark Twain
15.obey v. 服从、遵守, 近义词follow;反义词disobey/break
同根词disobey v. 不遵守、不服从、违反
例句:As students, we must obey the school rules.作为学生,我们必须遵守校规。
16.university n. (综合性)大学
17.theory n. 学说、理论、规则,同义词rules
短语:a theory about sth 关于…的理论; in theory 在理论上
例句:Buddhism is not theory, but practice.佛教不是理论而是实践。
18.tonight adv. 在今夜、在今晚
19.audience n. 观众、听众 同义词interview
20.applause n. 鼓掌、喝彩 同义词clapping 、acclaim
短语:a round of applause 一阵掌声
例句: He met with underwhelming applause.他只得到了稀稀拉拉的掌声。
21.pale adj. 苍白的、软弱的;v.(使)变得苍白 同义词:whitish、 feeble
22.seat n. 座位
23.let…down使……失望 , 同义词组make…disappointed
例句:If you don't study hard, you may fail and let your parents down.如果你不努力学习,你可能会失败,会让父母失望。
24.so...that...“如此……以至于/以致……”,其中so是副词,用来修饰形容词或副词。
常见结构有:so+形容词/副词+that...
练习:English is so important that we must learn it well.
I have made so many mistakes that I can't pass the exam.
25.such...that...“如此……以至于……”,与so...that...不同的是,such是形容词, 来修饰名词。
常见结构有:such+a/an+形容词+名词+that...=so+adj.+a/an+名词+that...
练习: He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.
=He is so clever a boy that everyone likes him.
26.(be) in trouble“处于困境”; have trouble with... 在…方面有麻烦/问题;have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
练习:Don‘t laugh at people in trouble (处于困境).
Maybe you will have trouble with your English, but never give up.
I have some trouble in reading her letter.