人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement Reading and Thinking课件（共23张PPT）

(共23张PPT)
Unit1 People of achievement
non-restrictive relative clause
Period III Reading-based structure acquisition
01
02
03
Learning objectives
By the end of the class ,you will be able to
summarize the forms and functions of non-restrictive relative clauses;
make complex sentences using non-restrictive relative clauses;
describe people of achievement by non-restrictive relative clauses;
The woman who is receiving the prize is Tu Youyou.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
who
关系代词
关系副词
who, whom, which, that, whose, as
where, when, why
关系词的作用：
① 引导作用(引导定语从句)
② 替代作用(替代先行词)
③ 在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系代词
人 主 who/that
宾 who/whom/that/省略
定 whose(=of whom)
物 主 that/which
宾 that/which/省略
定 whose(=of which)
先行词 在从句中所作成分 关系副词
时间名词 时间状语 when
地点名词 地点状语 where
reason 原因状语 why
The man is my father .
He wears a white shirt.
The man who wears a white shirt is my father .
I have a dad who never do homework.
b) I have a dad , who never do homework.
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
The man is a doctor .
who lives next door
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语, 如果去掉, 主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。如:
Mr.Brown , is a doctor .
who lives next door
2. 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切, 只是对先行词作些附加的说明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用 逗号分开, 不用that引导。
3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词
往往为某一个词或短语, 而有时非限制性
定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句, 此时非
限制性定语从句常由which引导。
eg. A middle-aged woman killed her husband,
which frightened me very much.
一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫, 这事令我十分恐惧。
1. I saw the guy who delivers my mail in town yesterday.
2. I'll always remember the river where we learned to swim.
3. Do you know the reason why the sky is blue
4. She's the person whose daughter goes to Harvard.
which guy
which river
the reason for what
which person
若去掉，句子含义不明确
无逗号与主句隔开
1. Paris, where I spent six months studying, is the most
beautiful city in the world.
2. The woman down the street, whose children are the same age as yours, invited us over for dinner next week.
有逗号与主句隔开
若去掉，不影响句子含义
非限制性定语从句中关系词的指代关系
指人 指物 在定语从句中的作用
Who
Whom
Which
whose
√
√
主语
主语 宾语
定语
√
√
√
宾语
指代整个主句
宾语
关系副词(where, when)的指代关系
指地点 指时间 在定语从句中的作用
Where
When
√
√
时间状语
地点状语
that, why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。
tip
介词+which
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
从句与先行词的关系 从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。 从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整
标 志 从句和主句之间不用逗号分开 从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开
关系 代词 指人who (that) whom指物which (that)人和物的whose关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去 指人who（作主语）whom（做宾语）指物which
人和物的whose关系代词一般不可省
修饰 从句只修饰一个名词或代词 可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句
翻译 定语从句译在被修饰词的前面 定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子
当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时,
往往先确定先行词, 然后再分析先行词
在从句中的作用, 再对关系词加以选择。
整理一番
品读规律
Tom found the ancient book, which was broken.
As is said in the newspaper, two farmers saw the UFO in the field.
I like the house, whose windows face the sea.
先行词指物, 在从句中做主或宾语, 用关系词which, 不能用that
As引导的非限制性定语从句, 可放在主句之前，也可放在主句后面。
先行词在从句做定语, 用关系词whose
All that glitters is not gold, as everyone knows.
As 在引导非限制性定语从句中，可指代整个主句内容，并有“正如、像……一样”的含义，其位置可放在主句前面，也可放在后面。而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在 后面，且无“正如”之意。
As we all know, he is a famous scientist.
As is well known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.
常与as连用的词有 know, see, expect, point out 等。
试比较下面两个句子。
He went abroad, __________was expected.
He went abroad, __________was unexpected.
as
which
当从句是否定句或表示否定意义时，只能用which引导。
Activity 1
Underline the relative clauses
1.They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.
2.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest internantional honours a person can receive.
3.Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
4. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
Activity 1
Underline the relative clauses
1.They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against the disease.
What is the function of the clause
It restricts the word “treatments”, so that we can know what kind of “treatments” are tested.
restrictive
Activity 1
Underline the relative clauses
2.Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest internantional honours a person can receive.
What is the function of the clause
It helps give extra information about “Nobel Prize” .
Activity 1
Underline the relative clauses
3.Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
4. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
What else can you find from these sentences
non-
restrictive
Activity 2
Combine sentences using non-restrictive relative clause
The book tells us about Alexander Fleming.
He discovered penicillin.
＋
﹦
The book tells us about Alexander Fleming, who He discovered penicillin.
How does the sentence flow differently
It is more fluent,and the information provided is more closely joint together .
1.We were very impressed by the old man.He was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
2.Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany. Hitler was in power there.
3.There is nothing we can do to help Linda. Her circumstances are beyond our control.
Activity 2
Combine sentences using non-restricetive relative clause
, who was not willing to
Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, where Hitler was in power there.
, whose
4.The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist,J.k.Rowling. It inspired us a lot.
5.The building under construction was designed by I.M. Pei-a famous Chinese-American architect. He was born in Guangzhou, China.
6. I was asked to explain the project with the help of a flow chart.
It was a big challenge for me.
Activity 2
Combine sentences using non-restricetive relative clause
, which inspired us a lot
, who was
, which was a big challenge for me.
How does the sentence flow differently