【2024中考真题特辑:热点时文阅读】02 航空航天(原卷版+解析版)

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名称 【2024中考真题特辑:热点时文阅读】02 航空航天(原卷版+解析版)
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更新时间 2024-07-11 19:12:20

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025年中考英语新热点时文阅读-航空航天
来源 题型 主要内容
1 2024·湖北·中考真题 阅读理解 介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星等与中国古代传统文化之间的渊源,表明了我国传统文化对我国太空技术的深远影响。
2 2024·江苏扬州·中考真题 阅读理解 介绍了即将将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船“梦舟”和“揽月”的一些信息。
3 2024·四川自贡·中考真题 阅读理解 介绍了宇航员面临的问题和所接受的训练。
4 2024·山东烟台·中考真题 阅读理解 介绍了长征5号的情况,由此引出对于月球情况的介绍,突出了从月球上带回样本对于航空事业有重大帮助。
5 2024·江西吉安·三模 阅读理解 介绍了一种新型的太空旅行方式——太空气球。
6 2024·四川达州·中考真题 短文填空 介绍了神舟十八号的航天员以及航天任务、行程等。
7 2024·辽宁锦州·二模 短文填空 介绍了中国航天事业的发展历史和取得的成果。
8 2024·浙江金华·三模 短文填空 介绍了中国载人航天工程代表团对香港和澳门进行了为期六天的访问。
9 2024·福建厦门·二模 阅读理解 介绍了太空项目命名的由来。
10 2024·甘肃武威·三模 阅读理解 介绍了神舟十八号在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射、参与此处任务的宇航员,以及神舟十八号在太空要完成的任务。
01
(2024·湖北·中考真题)So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.
Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true.
Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called KuaFu Mission.
Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2, 000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground.
From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.
1.In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites.
①old stories ②traditional projects
③ancient famous people ④ popular inventions
A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
2.What do we know about Chang’e I according to the passage
A.It moves around the moon. B.It protects the Jade Rabbit.
C.It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D.It is the world’s first man-made satellite.
3.How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4
A.By listing numbers. B.By comparing facts.
C.By giving an example. D.By reporting a result.
4.Which is the right structure of the passage
(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,…)
A. B.
C. D.
5.What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage
A.To spread the traditional Chinese culture.
B.To explain how our scientists develop the space industry.
C.To introduce the achievements in our science and technology.
D.To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science.
02
(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)China has named the spacecraft that will put its astronauts on the moon. The new manned spacecraft is Mengzhou and the lunar lander is Lanyue. China plans to land its astronauts on the moon around 2030. Check the table to learn the details on China’s exciting journey to the moon.
MENGZHOU AND LANYUETake Chinese People’s Dream To The Moon Closer
Mengzhou — The manned spacecraft Meaning of the name: Dream boat The name carries the Chinese people’s space exploration dreams to the moon. Main tasks: Carry out China’s manned lunar exploration Operate near-Earth space station Payload: For lunar tasks, it can carry 3 astronauts round trip between the ground and lunar orbit (轨道). For near-Earth orbit tasks, it can carry 7 astronauts round trip between the ground and space station. Lanyue — The lunar lander Meaning of the name: Clasping the moon The name symbolizes the bravery and confidence of the Chinese people in exploring the universe and landing on the moon. Main tasks: Transport between lunar orbit and lunar surface Serve as the center for astronaut activities, energy supply, and data transmission on the moon Support lunar exploration and activities Payload: It can carry 2 astronauts round trip, lunar rover, and scientific payloads.
Exploration Steps 1. Two Long March-10 rockets are launched (发射). One carries Mengzhou and the other carries Lanyue. 2. The two spacecraft meet and join in lunar orbit and the astronauts enter the lander. 3. The Lanyue lander sends the astronauts to the lunar surface. 4. The astronauts carry out scientific exploration and sample (样本) collection on the lunar surface as planned. 5. After completing the job on the moon, the Lanyue lander takes the astronauts to go up to lunar orbit. 6. The two spacecraft meet and join again, and the astronauts take the lunar samples to the Mengzhou spacecraft. 7. The Mengzhou spacecraft returns to Earth with the moon samples.
6.Which of the following is Lanyue’s task
A.Operate near-Earth space station.
B.Support Earth exploration and activities.
C.Transport between the ground and space station.
D.Work as the center for energy supply on the moon.
7.What can we learn from the exploration steps
A.The same rocket sends Mengzhou and Lanyue into space.
B.Astronauts reach and leave the moon in the Lanyue lander.
C.Mengzhou and Lanyue join together at the space station.
D.The Lanyue lander returns to Earth with the samples on the moon.
8.What is the purpose of this passage
A.To encourage the youth to make inventions for China’s moon program.
B.To tell the reader about the history of China’s lunar exploration journey.
C.To offer suggestions on how to take up challenges in the lunar exploration task.
D.To give information on the new spacecraft for China’s manned lunar exploration task.
03
(2024·四川自贡·中考真题)April 24th is Space Day of China. Ever since Yang Liwei made it to space in 2003, about 20 Chinese astronauts have been sent into space.
In space, astronauts face many problems. There is little gravity (重力) there, which influences their bodies. Also, being away from family and friends and staying in a tiny spaceship for a long time can make them feel sad or stressed out. What’s more, if something goes wrong suddenly, they have to fix it under huge pressure. That’s why astronauts have to be smart, strong, and ready for any challenge before they can go to space.
To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their tasks and return to Earth safely, 8 kinds, including over 200 subjects of training, are set. Besides physical training, basic science knowledge and mock (模拟) tasks are included. Before astronauts can go to space, they train like this for at least three and a half years.
In China’s manned space project, one of the most difficult parts of the training is the underwater training. This helps astronauts get ready for the weightless environment in space. And they wear diving suits (潜水服) over 100 kilos and stay underwater for six hours every time.
9.What problem do astronauts face according to paragraph 2
A.They have to train under huge pressure.
B.They are influenced by little gravity in space.
C.They often worry about their family and friends.
10.What do astronauts need to do before going to space
A.Master basic science knowledge.
B.Experience 8 subjects of training.
C.Get three years of underwater training.
11.What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 4 refer to (指代)
A.A diving suit. B.Underwater training. C.China’s manned space project.
12.What can be the best title for this text
A.Work Hard to Live in Space
B.Train Hard to Work in Space
C.Deal with Problems in Space
04
(2024·山东烟台·中考真题)A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe (月球探测器) into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (转移轨道). Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.
This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.
The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side.
Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic (火山的) activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer.
“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering.
13.When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon
A.On May 3, 2024. B.After flying for about 37 minutes.
C.In the winter of 2020. D.After landing on the moon’s far side.
14.How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side
A.Once. B.Twice. C.Five times. D.Ten times.
15.According to the passage, the moon’s far side ________.
A.receives less sunlight than the near side
B.has thicker soil compared with the near side
C.can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras
D.has more recent volcanic activities than the near side
16.What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words
A.Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks.
B.Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world.
C.Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon.
D.Chang’e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back.
05
(2024·江西吉安·三模)You’ve heard of space rockets, but have you heard of a space balloon A company called Space Perspective is planning to use its new balloon called Space Neptune to take people to the edge (边缘) of space. It is expected to take common people on an out-of-the-world vacation in 2024.
Taking off from Kennedy Space Center, the trip will take six hours—two hours travelling up, two hours enjoying the view and two hours travelling back. Below the hydrogen (氢气)-filled balloon, a spaceship is large enough for eight travelers to stand and walk freely within. Inside the ship are comfortable seats, free Wi-Fi and even a bar. During the six-hour trip, the guests will be able to send photos or videos to people on the ground while enjoying food and drinks.
Although the balloon won’t really fly into space, this won’t be a problem for the guests. At 20 miles above earth, they will experience 360° views of the planet earth and stars, feeling like they are in space, tickets are expensive, though-seats onboard sold for $125,000 each.
Unlike rockets, Space Neptune doesn’t give out carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), which always results in hotter temperatures on the earth. The spaceship will also get its hydrogen from clean and renewable (可再生的) energy. This is why space travel with hydrogen balloons is thought to be the most environmentally friendly so far.
The great news is that no special training is needed for this ride, but the bad news is, you’ll probably have to wait until 2025 because the first year’s tickets are sold out already. So, start saving up!
17.How does the writer start the passage
A.By asking a question. B.By telling a story.
C.By giving an example. D.By listing numbers.
18.Which picture best shows the balloon space travel
A. B.
C. D.
19.Which of the following is TRUE according to he passage
A.The spaceship is 100 meters wide. B.The spaceship goes into space by rocket.
C.The spaceship carries at most 8 passengers. D.He spaceship will be too hot for passengers.
20.What is Space Neptune like
A.It is educational. B.It is traditional. C.It is dirty. D.It is environmental.
21.What would be the best title for the passage
A.The Space Balloon from the Space Rocket. B.Call on More Trained Astronauts to Space.
C.How to Make a Space Balloon. D.A New Way to Travel to Space.
06
(2024·四川达州·中考真题)阅读下面短文,在文章空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship has been successfully launched (发射) from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space.
At 8: 59 p. m. on April 25, 2024, it 22 (send) three astronauts and nearly 100 experimental boxes (实验柜) to the Tiangong space station. The three astronauts 23 (be) Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. They were all born in the 1980s. Ye was one of the 24 (member) of the Shenzhou-l3 mission (任务) from October 2021 25 April 2022.
This time, he works as the 26 (lead) of the three astronauts. Both Li Cong 27 Li Guangsu are newcomers to space. During 28 (they) time in space, they will care for the space station to make sure it can work 29 (safe). They will do over 90 experiments. A fish 30 (call) “the 4th member of Shenzhou-18” will be used for an experimental project.
The Shenzhou-18 astronauts are planned to return to 31 earth in late October this year. So they will spend about six months on the space station.
07
(2024·辽宁锦州·二模)阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号里所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯.
China celebrates its Space Day on April 24 each year. It is the 32 (nine) this year. China 33 (make) a series of (一系列的) remarkable (显著的) achievements in space exploration (探索) since 1960.
On April 24, 1970, China joined the space club when China launched (发射) the 34 (country) first satellite (卫星), Dongfanghong—1. On October 15, 2003, China sent astronaut Yang Liwei on 35 21-hour journey around Earth in Shenzhou V. On October 24, 2007, Chang’e-1 was launched 36 (successful). 37 September, 2008, Shenzhou VII spacecraft (宇宙飞船) was launched with three astronauts. One of 38 (they) went on China’s historic first spacewalk. On November 24, 2020, Chang’e-5 was launched. It brought rocks 39 soil on the moon back to the Earth on December 17.
On October 31, 2022, China’s Mengtian space lab module (舱) 40 (connect) to the Tianhe core module (核心舱), marking the completion of the nation’s space station. On October 26, 2023, Shenzhou XVII spacecraft was launched. With an average (平均的) age of 38, the three-member team became 41 (young) Chinese crew (专业人员) ever in space. It is the 30th mission (任务) of China’s manned (载人的) space program.
08
(2024·浙江金华·三模)根据短文内容和所给中文或首字母提示,在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
From November 28th to December 3rd, 2023, a delegation of China’s manned space program paid a six-day visit to Hong Kong and Macao. During their stay, t 42 visited several primary and secondary schools and two universities in Hong Kong, and gave a big speech in Macao. The 43 (中国的) astronauts encouraged local young people to realize the dream of space exploration.
Also, the delegation 44 (出席) the opening ceremony of the “China Manned Space Exhibition”. The exhibition was open to all people in Hong Kong and Macao for f 45 until February 18th, 2024.
Shum Tze-man is a Hong Kong middle school student. She was 46 (深地) attracted by the performances of astronauts. “Our country’s space industry has become world leading. I’m so p 47 of our nation and this makes me crazier about space exploration,” Shum said.
“The reports of space experts 48 (包括) a lot of professional knowledge of physics and astronomy. A 49 some of them were difficult to understand, they made me eager to explore space,” A student from Lingnan Middle School in Macao said.
The delegation’s visit shows that our country puts a high value on the 50 (科学) and technology education of young students in Hong Kong and Macao. The space station is l 51 home for the astronauts in space. It is hoped that astronauts from Hong Kong and Macao will soon appear at the space station to make our home in space livelier and happier.
09
(2024·福建厦门·二模)Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen... Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from
Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after a Chinese superhero the Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp (锐利的) eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.
The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths (神话), this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong and then they can work together in the future.
Tianwen, China’s Mars mission (火星任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen mission will end up answering some of QuYuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
52.The underlined word “evil” means “________”.
A.honesty B.badness C.kindness D.ugliness
53.What do the satellite Wukong and the Monkey King have in common
A.They’re both sharp-eyed. B.They’re both superheroes.
C.They both help with scientific studies. D.They both help the good and punish the bad.
54.What is Tiangong used for
A.It’s used for searching dark matter.
B.It’s used to explore (探索) the Mars.
C.It’s used to send astronauts to the space.
D.It’s used as a home for the astronauts in space.
55.Where is the name of China’s Mars missions from
A.Journey to the West. B.The home of Tian Di.
C.Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen. D.Ancient Chinese myths.
56.We take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously because ________.
A.we have a dream for space B.we have the hunger for truth
C.we are fond of beautiful names D.we want to protect the environment
10
(2024·甘肃武威·三模)
China sent three astronauts to the Tiangong space station on the Shenzhou-18 mission (任务). The spaceship was launched (发射) at the Jiuqunn Satellite Launch Centre in the Gobi desert in northwest China at 8: 59 p. m. on Thursday, April 25, 2024. They were expected to reach the space station about six and a half hours after liftoff (升空). The mission is led by Ye Guangfu, a fighter pilot and astronaut who was part of the Shenzhou-13 crow (全体工作人员) in 2021. He is joined by astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu, who are heading into space for the first time. They will spend about six months leading scientific tests and putting space waste protection equipment in place on the space station. The country is planning a mission to bring back samples (样品) from Mars around 2030. It also wants to put astronauts on the moon by 2030. “It’s such a pleasure to see that the young astronauts can now carry out manned space missions and take on the heavy responsibilities. I’m sure the Shenzhou-18 crew will do well, although the mission has become more difficult,” Yang Liwei said at the launch center on Wednesday afternoon.
阅读以上材料,根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
57.China’s Shenzhou-18 spaceship was launched at ________.
A.the Tiangong space station B.the International Space Station
C.the Gobi desert in northeast China D.the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre
58.Who lead the mission on the Shenzhou-18
A.Li Cong. B.Ye Guangfu. C.Li Guangsu. D.Yang Liwei.
59.How long will the astronauts stay at the Tiangong space station
A.For seven months. B.For about half a year.
C.For one year. D.For one and a half years.
60.What can we know from the last paragraph
A.Yang Liwei has strongly believed the young astronauts.
B.Yang Liwei advised the young astronauts to work harder.
C.Yang Liwei shared his experience with the young astronauts.
D.Yang Liwei was worried about the young astronauts.
61.What’s the theme of the passage
A.Courage and friendship. B.Sports and health.
C.Science and technology. D.Culture and education.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025年中考英语新热点时文阅读-航空航天
来源 题型 主要内容
1 2024·湖北·中考真题 阅读理解 介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星等与中国古代传统文化之间的渊源,表明了我国传统文化对我国太空技术的深远影响。
2 2024·江苏扬州·中考真题 阅读理解 介绍了即将将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船“梦舟”和“揽月”的一些信息。
3 2024·四川自贡·中考真题 阅读理解 介绍了宇航员面临的问题和所接受的训练。
4 2024·山东烟台·中考真题 阅读理解 介绍了长征5号的情况,由此引出对于月球情况的介绍,突出了从月球上带回样本对于航空事业有重大帮助。
5 2024·江西吉安·三模 阅读理解 介绍了一种新型的太空旅行方式——太空气球。
6 2024·四川达州·中考真题 短文填空 介绍了神舟十八号的航天员以及航天任务、行程等。
7 2024·辽宁锦州·二模 短文填空 介绍了中国航天事业的发展历史和取得的成果。
8 2024·浙江金华·三模 短文填空 介绍了中国载人航天工程代表团对香港和澳门进行了为期六天的访问。
9 2024·福建厦门·二模 阅读理解 介绍了太空项目命名的由来。
10 2024·甘肃武威·三模 阅读理解 介绍了神舟十八号在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射、参与此处任务的宇航员,以及神舟十八号在太空要完成的任务。
01
(2024·湖北·中考真题)So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.
Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true.
Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called KuaFu Mission.
Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2, 000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground.
From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.
1.In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites.
①old stories ②traditional projects
③ancient famous people ④ popular inventions
A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
2.What do we know about Chang’e I according to the passage
A.It moves around the moon. B.It protects the Jade Rabbit.
C.It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D.It is the world’s first man-made satellite.
3.How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4
A.By listing numbers. B.By comparing facts.
C.By giving an example. D.By reporting a result.
4.Which is the right structure of the passage
(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,…)
A. B.
C. D.
5.What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage
A.To spread the traditional Chinese culture.
B.To explain how our scientists develop the space industry.
C.To introduce the achievements in our science and technology.
D.To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science.
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,文章介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星等与中国古代传统文化之间的渊源,表明了我国传统文化对我国太空技术的深远影响。
1.细节理解题。根据“Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”可知,太空科学家给卫星命名时受到古老的故事以及古代著名人物的启发。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据“As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I.”可知,嫦娥一号绕月运行。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据“Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example…”可知,文章第四段介绍科学家给卫星命名时还受到古代名人的启发,下文列举了“墨子号”的例子。故作者通过举例子的方式支持自己的观点。故选C。
4.篇章结构题。通读文章可知,第一段介绍文章主题,太空技术与古代传统文化有关系;第二、三、四段分别从中国传统故事以及古代著名人物方面介绍;最后一段总结全文,升华主题。故文章的结构是总(①)——分(②③④)——总(⑤)。故选A。
5.主旨大意题。根据“From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.”及全文可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍中国的空间技术与中国传统文化之间的渊源,中国传统文化影响着我国的空间技术。故选D。
02
(2024·江苏扬州·中考真题)China has named the spacecraft that will put its astronauts on the moon. The new manned spacecraft is Mengzhou and the lunar lander is Lanyue. China plans to land its astronauts on the moon around 2030. Check the table to learn the details on China’s exciting journey to the moon.
MENGZHOU AND LANYUETake Chinese People’s Dream To The Moon Closer
Mengzhou — The manned spacecraft Meaning of the name: Dream boat The name carries the Chinese people’s space exploration dreams to the moon. Main tasks: Carry out China’s manned lunar exploration Operate near-Earth space station Payload: For lunar tasks, it can carry 3 astronauts round trip between the ground and lunar orbit (轨道). For near-Earth orbit tasks, it can carry 7 astronauts round trip between the ground and space station. Lanyue — The lunar lander Meaning of the name: Clasping the moon The name symbolizes the bravery and confidence of the Chinese people in exploring the universe and landing on the moon. Main tasks: Transport between lunar orbit and lunar surface Serve as the center for astronaut activities, energy supply, and data transmission on the moon Support lunar exploration and activities Payload: It can carry 2 astronauts round trip, lunar rover, and scientific payloads.
Exploration Steps 1. Two Long March-10 rockets are launched (发射). One carries Mengzhou and the other carries Lanyue. 2. The two spacecraft meet and join in lunar orbit and the astronauts enter the lander. 3. The Lanyue lander sends the astronauts to the lunar surface. 4. The astronauts carry out scientific exploration and sample (样本) collection on the lunar surface as planned. 5. After completing the job on the moon, the Lanyue lander takes the astronauts to go up to lunar orbit. 6. The two spacecraft meet and join again, and the astronauts take the lunar samples to the Mengzhou spacecraft. 7. The Mengzhou spacecraft returns to Earth with the moon samples.
6.Which of the following is Lanyue’s task
A.Operate near-Earth space station.
B.Support Earth exploration and activities.
C.Transport between the ground and space station.
D.Work as the center for energy supply on the moon.
7.What can we learn from the exploration steps
A.The same rocket sends Mengzhou and Lanyue into space.
B.Astronauts reach and leave the moon in the Lanyue lander.
C.Mengzhou and Lanyue join together at the space station.
D.The Lanyue lander returns to Earth with the samples on the moon.
8.What is the purpose of this passage
A.To encourage the youth to make inventions for China’s moon program.
B.To tell the reader about the history of China’s lunar exploration journey.
C.To offer suggestions on how to take up challenges in the lunar exploration task.
D.To give information on the new spacecraft for China’s manned lunar exploration task.
6.D 7.B 8.D
【导语】本文主要介绍了即将将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船“梦舟”和“揽月”的一些信息。
6.细节理解题。根据“Main tasks: ... Serve as the center for astronaut activities, energy supply, and data transmission on the moon”可知,作为月球上的能源供应中心是“揽月”的任务。故选D。
7.细节理解题。根据“The Lanyue lander sends the astronauts to the lunar surface.”及“After completing the job on the moon, the Lanyue lander takes the astronauts to go up to lunar orbit.”可知,宇航员乘坐“揽月”着陆器到达和离开月球。故选B。
8.主旨大意题。根据“China has named the spacecraft that will put its astronauts on the moon. The new manned spacecraft is Mengzhou and the lunar lander is Lanyue ... Check the table to learn the details on China’s exciting journey to the moon.”及全文可知,本文主要介绍了即将将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船“梦舟”和“揽月”的一些信息。因此其目的是为了提供一些关于中国载人探月任务的新宇宙飞船的信息。故选D。
03
(2024·四川自贡·中考真题)April 24th is Space Day of China. Ever since Yang Liwei made it to space in 2003, about 20 Chinese astronauts have been sent into space.
In space, astronauts face many problems. There is little gravity (重力) there, which influences their bodies. Also, being away from family and friends and staying in a tiny spaceship for a long time can make them feel sad or stressed out. What’s more, if something goes wrong suddenly, they have to fix it under huge pressure. That’s why astronauts have to be smart, strong, and ready for any challenge before they can go to space.
To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their tasks and return to Earth safely, 8 kinds, including over 200 subjects of training, are set. Besides physical training, basic science knowledge and mock (模拟) tasks are included. Before astronauts can go to space, they train like this for at least three and a half years.
In China’s manned space project, one of the most difficult parts of the training is the underwater training. This helps astronauts get ready for the weightless environment in space. And they wear diving suits (潜水服) over 100 kilos and stay underwater for six hours every time.
9.What problem do astronauts face according to paragraph 2
A.They have to train under huge pressure.
B.They are influenced by little gravity in space.
C.They often worry about their family and friends.
10.What do astronauts need to do before going to space
A.Master basic science knowledge.
B.Experience 8 subjects of training.
C.Get three years of underwater training.
11.What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 4 refer to (指代)
A.A diving suit. B.Underwater training. C.China’s manned space project.
12.What can be the best title for this text
A.Work Hard to Live in Space
B.Train Hard to Work in Space
C.Deal with Problems in Space
9.B 10.B 11.B 12.B
【导语】本文介绍了宇航员面临的问题和所接受的训练。
9.细节理解题。根据“There is little gravity (重力) there, which influences their bodies.”可知,那里几乎没有重力,会影响他们的身体,故选B。
10.细节理解题。根据“To make sure that Chinese astronauts complete their tasks and return to Earth safely, 8 kinds, including over 200 subjects of training, are set.”可知,为了确保中国航天员完成任务并安全返回地球,制定了8个项目,包括200多个项目的训练。所以宇航员在进入太空之前需要经历8个项目的培训。故选B。
11.代词指代题。根据“In China’s manned space project, one of the most difficult parts of the training is the underwater training. This helps astronauts get ready for the weightless environment in space.”可知,在中国载人航天工程中,水下训练是训练中最困难的部分之一。这有助于宇航员为太空中的失重环境做好准备。此处This指的是“水下训练”,故选B。
12.最佳标题题。本文介绍了宇航员面临的问题和所接受的训练,选项B“努力训练在太空工作”符合主题,故选B。
04
(2024·山东烟台·中考真题)A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe (月球探测器) into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory (转移轨道). Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.
This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union (前苏联) and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.
The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side.
Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic (火山的) activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer.
“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering.
13.When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon
A.On May 3, 2024. B.After flying for about 37 minutes.
C.In the winter of 2020. D.After landing on the moon’s far side.
14.How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side
A.Once. B.Twice. C.Five times. D.Ten times.
15.According to the passage, the moon’s far side ________.
A.receives less sunlight than the near side
B.has thicker soil compared with the near side
C.can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras
D.has more recent volcanic activities than the near side
16.What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words
A.Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks.
B.Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world.
C.Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon.
D.Chang’e 6 can compare samples before bringing them back.
13.D 14.A 15.B 16.B
【导语】本文主要介绍了长征5号的情况,由此引出对于月球情况的介绍,突出了从月球上带回样本对于航空事业有重大帮助。
13.细节理解题。根据“Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.”可知,探测器被设定在月球背面着陆后,开始了它的任务,故选D。
14.推理判断题。根据“This is the world’s first try to bring samples (样本) from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey…but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.”可知,这是世界上第一次尝试从月球背面采集样本。对中国来说,这是第二次取样返回月球之旅,之前所有这些样本都是从月球近侧收集的,也就是说中国已经有过一次从月球近侧采集样本,故选A。
15.细节理解题。根据“Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side”可知,月球背面的土壤比近侧厚得多,故选B。
16.推理判断题。根据“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community”可知,嫦娥6号收集的远端样本和近端样本对国际社会来说将具有重大的科学价值,也就是说嫦娥六号正在为世界执行一项有价值的任务,故选B。
05
(2024·江西吉安·三模)You’ve heard of space rockets, but have you heard of a space balloon A company called Space Perspective is planning to use its new balloon called Space Neptune to take people to the edge (边缘) of space. It is expected to take common people on an out-of-the-world vacation in 2024.
Taking off from Kennedy Space Center, the trip will take six hours—two hours travelling up, two hours enjoying the view and two hours travelling back. Below the hydrogen (氢气)-filled balloon, a spaceship is large enough for eight travelers to stand and walk freely within. Inside the ship are comfortable seats, free Wi-Fi and even a bar. During the six-hour trip, the guests will be able to send photos or videos to people on the ground while enjoying food and drinks.
Although the balloon won’t really fly into space, this won’t be a problem for the guests. At 20 miles above earth, they will experience 360° views of the planet earth and stars, feeling like they are in space, tickets are expensive, though-seats onboard sold for $125,000 each.
Unlike rockets, Space Neptune doesn’t give out carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), which always results in hotter temperatures on the earth. The spaceship will also get its hydrogen from clean and renewable (可再生的) energy. This is why space travel with hydrogen balloons is thought to be the most environmentally friendly so far.
The great news is that no special training is needed for this ride, but the bad news is, you’ll probably have to wait until 2025 because the first year’s tickets are sold out already. So, start saving up!
17.How does the writer start the passage
A.By asking a question. B.By telling a story.
C.By giving an example. D.By listing numbers.
18.Which picture best shows the balloon space travel
A. B.
C. D.
19.Which of the following is TRUE according to he passage
A.The spaceship is 100 meters wide. B.The spaceship goes into space by rocket.
C.The spaceship carries at most 8 passengers. D.He spaceship will be too hot for passengers.
20.What is Space Neptune like
A.It is educational. B.It is traditional. C.It is dirty. D.It is environmental.
21.What would be the best title for the passage
A.The Space Balloon from the Space Rocket. B.Call on More Trained Astronauts to Space.
C.How to Make a Space Balloon. D.A New Way to Travel to Space.
17.A 18.A 19.C 20.D 21.D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型的太空旅行方式——太空气球。
17.细节理解题。根据“You’ve heard of space rockets, but have you heard of a space balloon ”可知,文章开头作者设问“你听说过太空气球吗”。故选A。
18.细节理解题。根据第二段“Taking off from Kennedy Space Center, the trip will take six hours—two hours travelling up, two hours enjoying the view and two hours travelling back.”可知,从肯尼迪航天中心起飞,这次旅行将耗时六个小时——上行两个小时,欣赏美景两个小时和回程两个小时。故选A。
19.细节理解题。根据第二段“Below the hydrogen (氢气)-filled balloon, a spaceship is large enough for eight travelers to stand and walk freely within.”可知,在充满氢气的气球下面,一艘宇宙飞船足够大,可以让八名旅行者在里面自由站立和行走。即这艘宇宙飞船最多可载8名乘客。故选C。
20.细节理解题。根据第四段“This is why space travel with hydrogen balloons is thought to be the most environmentally friendly so far.”可知,氢气球太空旅行被认为是迄今为止最环保的。故选D。
21.最佳标题题。通过全文可知,文章主要介绍了一种新型的太空旅行方式——太空气球,故“一种新的太空旅行方式”可以作为最佳标题。故选D。
06
(2024·四川达州·中考真题)阅读下面短文,在文章空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship has been successfully launched (发射) from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It marks China’s 32nd manned flight into space.
At 8: 59 p. m. on April 25, 2024, it 22 (send) three astronauts and nearly 100 experimental boxes (实验柜) to the Tiangong space station. The three astronauts 23 (be) Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu. They were all born in the 1980s. Ye was one of the 24 (member) of the Shenzhou-l3 mission (任务) from October 2021 25 April 2022.
This time, he works as the 26 (lead) of the three astronauts. Both Li Cong 27 Li Guangsu are newcomers to space. During 28 (they) time in space, they will care for the space station to make sure it can work 29 (safe). They will do over 90 experiments. A fish 30 (call) “the 4th member of Shenzhou-18” will be used for an experimental project.
The Shenzhou-18 astronauts are planned to return to 31 earth in late October this year. So they will spend about six months on the space station.
22.sent 23.are 24.members 25.to 26.leader 27.and 28.their 29.safely 30.called 31.the
【导语】本文介绍了神舟十八号的航天员以及航天任务、行程等。
22.句意:2024年4月25日晚8点59分,中国航天局将3名航天员和近100个实验柜送往天宫空间站。send“发送”,动词。根据“At 8: 59 p. m. on April 25, 2024”可知,时态是一般过去时,谓语动词用其过去式。故填sent。
23.句意:这三名宇航员分别是叶光富、李聪和李广苏。本句陈述事实,是一般现在时,主语是复数,be动词用are。故填are。
24.句意:叶是2021年10月至2022年4月神舟三号任务的成员之一。member“成员”,可数名词。one of the+名词复数,意为“……之一”。故填members。
25.句意:叶是2021年10月至2022年4月神舟三号任务的成员之一。from…to…“从……到……”,固定搭配。故填to。
26.句意:这一次,他是三名宇航员中的领导者。lead“领导”,动词。此处指叶光富是三人中的领导者。leader“领导”,可数名词,用其单数形式。故填leader。
27.句意:李聪和李广苏都是太空新人。both…and“两者都……”,固定搭配。故填and。
28.句意:在太空期间,他们将照顾空间站,确保它能安全工作。they“他们”,人称代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词their,作定语修饰time。故填their。
29.句意:在太空期间,他们将照顾空间站,确保它能安全工作。safe“安全的”,形容词。此处用其副词形式safely,修饰动词work。故填safely。
30.句意:一种名为“神舟十八号”的鱼将被用于一个实验项目。call“称为”,动词。此处用其过去分词形式called,作后置定语修饰名词fish。故填called。
31.句意:神舟十八号航天员计划于今年十月下旬返回地球。此处缺少冠词,earth“地球”是世界上独一无二的物体,其前应加定冠词the。故填the。
07
(2024·辽宁锦州·二模)阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号里所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯.
China celebrates its Space Day on April 24 each year. It is the 32 (nine) this year. China 33 (make) a series of (一系列的) remarkable (显著的) achievements in space exploration (探索) since 1960.
On April 24, 1970, China joined the space club when China launched (发射) the 34 (country) first satellite (卫星), Dongfanghong—1. On October 15, 2003, China sent astronaut Yang Liwei on 35 21-hour journey around Earth in Shenzhou V. On October 24, 2007, Chang’e-1 was launched 36 (successful). 37 September, 2008, Shenzhou VII spacecraft (宇宙飞船) was launched with three astronauts. One of 38 (they) went on China’s historic first spacewalk. On November 24, 2020, Chang’e-5 was launched. It brought rocks 39 soil on the moon back to the Earth on December 17.
On October 31, 2022, China’s Mengtian space lab module (舱) 40 (connect) to the Tianhe core module (核心舱), marking the completion of the nation’s space station. On October 26, 2023, Shenzhou XVII spacecraft was launched. With an average (平均的) age of 38, the three-member team became 41 (young) Chinese crew (专业人员) ever in space. It is the 30th mission (任务) of China’s manned (载人的) space program.
32.ninth 33.has made 34.country’s 35.a 36.successfully 37.In 38.them 39.and 40.was connected 41.the youngest
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国航天事业的发展历史和取得的成果。
32.句意:今年是第九届。空前有“the”修饰,因此应用“nine”的序数词“ninth”,表示顺序。故填ninth。
33.句意:从1960年起,中国在太空探索领域取得了一系列显著的成就。根据时间状语“since 1960”可知,此句应用现在完成时,主语“China”是单数,助动词应用“has”。故填has made。
34.句意:在1970年4月24日,在发射了国家第一颗卫星后,中国加入了太空俱乐部。此空修饰后面的名词“satellite”,表示所属,应用“country”的所有格“country’s”。故填country’s。
35.句意:在2003年10月15日,中国把宇航员杨利伟送上太空,乘坐神舟五号绕地球行驶了21小时。此处泛指一段旅程,应用不定冠词,“twenty-one”是辅音音素开头的单词,因此用 “a”。故填a。
36.句意:在2007年10月24日,嫦娥一号成功发射。此空修饰动词“was launched”,应用“successful”的副词“successfully”。故填successfully。
37.句意:在2008年9月,神舟七号宇宙飞船带着三名宇航员发射。月份“September”前应用时间介词“in”,位于句首首字母需大写。故填In。
38.句意:他们其中一人迈出了中国历史上的太空行走第一步。此空位于介词“of”后作宾语,应用“they”的宾格“them”。故填them。
39.句意:它在12月7日带着月球上的岩石和土壤返回了地球。“rocks”和“soil”是并列名词,因此此处应用“and”连接。故填and。
40.句意:在2022年10月31日,中国梦天太空实验舱被连接到了天河核心舱上,标志着国家太空站的完成。主语“China’s Mengtian space lab module”和谓语动词“connect”是被动关系,应用被动语态,时间是“On October 31, 2022”,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,be动词用“was”,动词变为过去分词“connected”。故填was connected。
41.句意:平均年龄38岁,由三名队员组成的这个团队,成为了太空领域最年轻的专业团队。根据“ever in space”可知,此处应用形容词“young”的最高级“youngest”,最高级前需加定冠词“the”。故填the youngest。
08
(2024·浙江金华·三模)根据短文内容和所给中文或首字母提示,在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
From November 28th to December 3rd, 2023, a delegation of China’s manned space program paid a six-day visit to Hong Kong and Macao. During their stay, t 42 visited several primary and secondary schools and two universities in Hong Kong, and gave a big speech in Macao. The 43 (中国的) astronauts encouraged local young people to realize the dream of space exploration.
Also, the delegation 44 (出席) the opening ceremony of the “China Manned Space Exhibition”. The exhibition was open to all people in Hong Kong and Macao for f 45 until February 18th, 2024.
Shum Tze-man is a Hong Kong middle school student. She was 46 (深地) attracted by the performances of astronauts. “Our country’s space industry has become world leading. I’m so p 47 of our nation and this makes me crazier about space exploration,” Shum said.
“The reports of space experts 48 (包括) a lot of professional knowledge of physics and astronomy. A 49 some of them were difficult to understand, they made me eager to explore space,” A student from Lingnan Middle School in Macao said.
The delegation’s visit shows that our country puts a high value on the 50 (科学) and technology education of young students in Hong Kong and Macao. The space station is l 51 home for the astronauts in space. It is hoped that astronauts from Hong Kong and Macao will soon appear at the space station to make our home in space livelier and happier.
42.(t)hey 43.Chinese 44.attended 45.(f)ree 46.deeply 47.(p)roud 48.included 49.(a)lthough 50.science 51.(l)ike
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国载人航天工程代表团对香港和澳门进行了为期六天的访问。
42.句意:逗留期间,他们参观了香港多所中小学和两所大学,并在澳门发表了重要演讲。根据“visited several primary and secondary schools and two universities in Hong Kong”可知此处指这些代表们,作主语用主格they。故填(t)hey。
43.句意:中国宇航员鼓励当地年轻人实现太空探索的梦想。修饰名词用形容词Chinese“中国的”。故填Chinese。
44.句意:代表团还出席了“中国载人航天展”开幕式。出席:attend,句子用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填attended。
45.句意:该展览免费向香港和澳门的所有人开放,直至2024年2月18日。根据“The exhibition was open to all people in Hong Kong and Macao for”可知是免费向公众开放,for free“免费”。故填(f)ree。
46.句意:宇航员的表演深深地吸引了她。此处修饰动词用副词deeply“深深地”。故填deeply。
47.句意:我为我们的国家感到骄傲,这让我对太空探索更加痴迷。根据“of our nation and this makes me crazier about space exploration”可知为国家感到自豪,be proud of“为……感到自豪”。故填(p)roud。
48.句意:太空专家的报告包含了很多物理和天文学的专业知识。包括:include,句子用一般现在时,动词用过去式。故填included。
49.句意:尽管其中一些很难理解,但它们让我渴望探索太空。前后两句是让步关系,用although引导让步状语从句。故填(a)lthough。
50.句意:代表团的访问表明,我国高度重视香港和澳门青年学生的科技教育。科学:science。故填science。
51.句意:空间站就像宇航员在太空中的家。根据“The space station is...home”可知空间站就像家一样,like“像”。故填(l)ike。
09
(2024·福建厦门·二模)Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen... Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from
Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after a Chinese superhero the Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp (锐利的) eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.
The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths (神话), this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong and then they can work together in the future.
Tianwen, China’s Mars mission (火星任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen mission will end up answering some of QuYuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
52.The underlined word “evil” means “________”.
A.honesty B.badness C.kindness D.ugliness
53.What do the satellite Wukong and the Monkey King have in common
A.They’re both sharp-eyed. B.They’re both superheroes.
C.They both help with scientific studies. D.They both help the good and punish the bad.
54.What is Tiangong used for
A.It’s used for searching dark matter.
B.It’s used to explore (探索) the Mars.
C.It’s used to send astronauts to the space.
D.It’s used as a home for the astronauts in space.
55.Where is the name of China’s Mars missions from
A.Journey to the West. B.The home of Tian Di.
C.Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen. D.Ancient Chinese myths.
56.We take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously because ________.
A.we have a dream for space B.we have the hunger for truth
C.we are fond of beautiful names D.we want to protect the environment
52.B 53.A 54.D 55.C 56.A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。
52.词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“According to Journey to the West, the Monkey King has a pair of sharp (锐利的) eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil.”及常识可知,根据《西游记》,孙悟空有一双锐利的眼睛,可以分辨善恶,所以划线部分的含义是“邪恶”。故选B。
53.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as the Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.”可知,卫星悟空和孙悟空的共同之处在于两者都有着锐利的眼睛。故选A。
54.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space.”可知,天宫空间站是中国宇航员的太空家园。故选D。
55.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Tianwen, China’s Mars mission (火星任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan.”可知,天问,中国的火星任务,因屈原的诗《天问》而得名。故选C。
56.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.”可知,我们认真对待中国太空计划的命名,因为我们有一个太空梦想。故选A。
10
(2024·甘肃武威·三模)
China sent three astronauts to the Tiangong space station on the Shenzhou-18 mission (任务). The spaceship was launched (发射) at the Jiuqunn Satellite Launch Centre in the Gobi desert in northwest China at 8: 59 p. m. on Thursday, April 25, 2024. They were expected to reach the space station about six and a half hours after liftoff (升空). The mission is led by Ye Guangfu, a fighter pilot and astronaut who was part of the Shenzhou-13 crow (全体工作人员) in 2021. He is joined by astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu, who are heading into space for the first time. They will spend about six months leading scientific tests and putting space waste protection equipment in place on the space station. The country is planning a mission to bring back samples (样品) from Mars around 2030. It also wants to put astronauts on the moon by 2030. “It’s such a pleasure to see that the young astronauts can now carry out manned space missions and take on the heavy responsibilities. I’m sure the Shenzhou-18 crew will do well, although the mission has become more difficult,” Yang Liwei said at the launch center on Wednesday afternoon.
阅读以上材料,根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
57.China’s Shenzhou-18 spaceship was launched at ________.
A.the Tiangong space station B.the International Space Station
C.the Gobi desert in northeast China D.the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre
58.Who lead the mission on the Shenzhou-18
A.Li Cong. B.Ye Guangfu. C.Li Guangsu. D.Yang Liwei.
59.How long will the astronauts stay at the Tiangong space station
A.For seven months. B.For about half a year.
C.For one year. D.For one and a half years.
60.What can we know from the last paragraph
A.Yang Liwei has strongly believed the young astronauts.
B.Yang Liwei advised the young astronauts to work harder.
C.Yang Liwei shared his experience with the young astronauts.
D.Yang Liwei was worried about the young astronauts.
61.What’s the theme of the passage
A.Courage and friendship. B.Sports and health.
C.Science and technology. D.Culture and education.
57.D 58.B 59.B 60.A 61.C
【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟十八号在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射、参与此处任务的宇航员,以及神舟十八号在太空要完成的任务。
57.细节理解题。根据“... the Shenzhou-18 mission (任务). The spaceship was launched (发射) at the Jiuqunn Satellite Launch Centre”可知,神舟十八号飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心发射。故选D。
58.细节理解题。根据“The mission is led by Ye Guangfu,”可知,神舟十八号任务的负责人是叶光富。故选B。
59.细节理解题。根据“They will spend about six months leading scientific tests and putting space waste protection equipment in place on the space station.”可知,宇航员们将在天宫空间站待半年。故选B。
60.推理判断题。根据“ ‘’It’s such a pleasure to see that the young astronauts can now carry out manned space missions and take on heavy responsibilities.’ ... Yang Liwei said ...”可知,杨利伟非常相信年轻的宇航员。故选A。
61.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了神舟十八号在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射、参与此处任务的宇航员,以及神舟十八号在太空要完成的任务,故 “科学与技术”符合主题。故选C。
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