平凉市华亭一中2024年春学期高二年级期末质量监测英语试卷
满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟
注意事项:
1.本试卷由四部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。
2.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
3.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用像皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
4.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 (共5小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。[来Com]
1.What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Fellow workers. B. Hairdresser and customer. C. Doctor and patient.
2.What worries the woman about the house
A. Its space. B. Its design. C. Its price.
3.Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. In a library. B. In a classroom. C. In a computer lab.
4.What does the woman think of the lecture
A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Difficult.
5.What does the man want to do this weekend
A. Meet some readers. B. Have a good rest. C. See a movie.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6段材料，回答第 6、7题。
6.Who will have a birthday party tomorrow
A. Holle. B. Jack. C. Mr.Stevens.
7.When will the party begin
A. At 5:30 pm. B. At 6:30 pm. C. At 7:30 pm.
听第 7段材料，回答第 8至 10题。
8.Where does the man want to go
A. The history museum. B. The Central Park. C. The high school.
9.How far away is the place from here
A. Two blocks. B. Three blocks. C. Five blocks.
10.What day is it today
A. Monday. B. Saturday. C.Sunday.
听第 8段材料，回答第 11至 13题。
11.What does Hall International build in developing countries
A. Schools. B. Hospitals. C. Bridges.
12.What do we know about the job
A. It involves travel. B. The office is in India. C. The projects are difficult.
13.What made the woman dissatisfied about the man’s education
A. The major. B. The degree. C. The college.
听第 9段材料，回答第 14至 16题。
14.What happened to the woman
A. Her flight was overbooked.
B. There was no ticket available.
C. She didn’t confirm the booking.
15.What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Take another flight. B. Return the ticket. C. Wait for half an hour.
16.Why was the woman late
A. She forgot the flight time.
B. She got stuck in a traffic jam.
C. She had an important meeting.
听第 10段材料，回答第 17至 20题。
17.Why does Dr.Wilson come here
A. To give a lecture.
B. To promote her new book.
C. To attend a photo exhibition.
18.How long did Dr.Wilson stay at the University of Milan
A. Three years. B. Four years. C. Five years.
19.What did Dr.Wilson do during her traveling
A. She wrote several books.
B. She studied photography.
C. She collected materials.
20.What is Dr.Wilson probably expert at
A. The Italian art. B. The present-day Europe. C. The 19th century history.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Whether you’re longing for well-being, meditation or a new outlook on life, these are the best British holiday retreats for immersing yourself and refreshing your soul. Put less pressure on yourself and invest in a little me-time.
Eco Yoga Argyll, Scotland
Anyone wishing to holiday without the carbon footprint should seriously consider retreating to Eco Yoga in the dazzling Scottish countryside. You’ll be interested from the start with numerous yoga choices, receiving guidance on everything from Ashtanga to Yin and Hatha Yoga
FitAgain, Dorset
Located in picturesque West Dorset, FitAgain is run by a wife and husband duo (搭档) who now focus on nutrition, adventure-filled exercise and motivational speaking to keep their guests’ minds and bodies alert. “We truly care about the people who come to us so we give them as much help as we can after the retreat. We want to continue their goals when they’re back in their normal busy day-to-day lives, using ongoing three-month support through our FitAgain app,” they said.
Wild & Free, Cornwall
This women-only retreat aims to reconnect you with the earth while you navigate the waves and calm your mind through yoga, all within the stunning scenery of Cornwall’s coastline. It focuses on “re-wilding” yourself. For a female adventurer who needs a short holiday from her lively career and home life, this trip is a love letter to yourself. It’s a chance to breathe without interruption, explore new activities without judgement, and wholly focus on oneself before returning to daily life.
Arvon Writers’ Retreat, Shropshire
Every writer fears the sensation of longing to write, but sitting down to do just that and simply losing inspiration. And, as frustrating as this may be, it’s not always the fault of the writer—what’s really needed is a little encouragement and relaxation. Simplicity is the key with this retreat. Delicious meals are provided and are enjoyed with other writers, luxurious yet understated bedrooms will inspire rather than distract and the workshop and library will give you pockets of inventive vision every time you venture in.
21. Which one is environmentally friendly among the four retreats
A. Eco Yoga Argyll. B. FitAgain.
C. Wild & Free, Cornwall. D. Arvon Writers’ Retreat.
22. Who may prefer Arvon Writers’ Retreat most
A. A director. B. A photographer. C. A novelist. D. An engineer.
23. What do the four listed retreats have in common
A. They are all in British. B. They all offer post-service.
C. They are all couple-friendly. D. They all provide library time.
B
An egg is kept on top of a cardboard toilet paper roll, which is on a plate that is resting on a glass of water. On the count of three, Tatiana Erukhimova quickly removes the plate, which, along with the roll, flies sideways and allows the egg to fall into the glass. She knew this would happen, thanks to the law of inertia (惯性), but Erukhimova still celebrates it.
Since this first video was posted on December 13, 2021, Erukhimova has received millions of views for her physics practical experiments, according to Texas A&M TODAY. “I could never get bored in her class,” reads one of the comments on the egg drop video.
Erukhimova moved from Russia to College Station in 1999 to take up a research position at Texas A&M. Both her parents are physicists. “My passion for physics runs in the family,” she said. She worked at the Russian Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Applied Physics before taking the position at Texas A&M.
When she was offered a part-time position instructing a junior-level course, Erukhimova had no teaching experience. It turned out to be a success even though the class only had 30 students. “After three years of teaching this class, I felt I was an experienced instructor. And then in 2006 at eight in the morning, I found myself in front of a large introductory physics class with more than 100 freshmen,” she recalled. That first day, Erukhimova said, was a “disaster.” The students were uninterested in her class. That experience is what taught her the importance of getting students interested in the subject.
Now she believes in giving demonstrative classes. Erukhimova does this by applying abstract physics concepts to everyday life. “I strongly believe everyone has to get a chance to play with physics and learn how much fun it is,” she said.
While sharing her love for physics is nothing new for Erukhimova, she has been pleasantly surprised by the number of people she’s been able to reach through her videos.
24. How is paragraph 1 mainly developed
A. By showing general rules. B. By providing a result.
C. By making classifications. D. By describing a process.
25. What might the students think of Erukhimova’s physics class in 2006
A. Thrilling and fascinating. B. Challenging but appealing.
C. Discouraging and boring. D. Embarrassing but rewarding.
26. What do we know about Erukhimova
A. She once took on a part-time position in Russia.
B. She focuses on making physics accessible and enjoyable.
C. She aims to increase the number of people she can reach.
D. She was inspired by online videos to start demonstrative classes.
27. What would be the best title for the text
A. Meet a Physics Professor Educating Millions Online
B. Admire a Physics Enthusiast Claiming Various Inventions
C. Appreciate a Physics Instructor Pioneering the Use of Videos
D. Remember a Physics Researcher Guiding the Development of Physics
C
One afternoon, as we approached a mine from the air, a crew of panicked miners went running into the forest. As I followed their progress, something caught my eye: two macaws, flying away like crazy. After we landed, I found macaw feathers, yellow and blue, hanging on a string from a pole in the camp. Cabral shook his head and said that the miners must have hunted and eaten the bird. “The animals die a silent death,” he said mournfully. For a public servant, Cabral is unusually outspoken — at least on Instagram, where his account is devoted to strongly criticizing animal cruelty.
At the camp, Finger told Cabral that he had found signs of an active site deeper in the forest. We followed him, moving silently along a path through the woods. As we advanced, we could hear a dog barking. There in a clearing was a wooden hut, abandoned except for a black dog, yowling miserably. Then we heard a strange noise from a box next to the hut. Cabral lifted a plastic cover, revealing a mass of puppies, just a few days old. He picked up a couple and held them, then walked to a shelf where the miners had been drying wildlife meat. He threw a piece to the mother dog, which began wolfing it.
Early in his career, Cabral acquired the nickname Rambo, but it seemed mostly like a joke. He had taken up armed patrols(巡逻) only in service of wildlife conservation, his lifelong passion. He came from Juiz de Fora, a city in Brazil’s central part, and spent his childhood immersed in nature, watching wildlife programs and reading about animals.
“This is all I ever wanted to do,” he told me. He earned a degree in biology and another in ecology, then joined IBAMA, a branch of the environment ministry that protects threatened ecosystems. In 2013, Cabral secured approval to build a unit of rangers(护林员) who were committed to saving the environment, by force if necessary.
28. Why did the miners get so panicked that they ran into the forest
A. Because they mined illegally.
B. Because they mistook “us” as invaders.
C. Because they killed animals cruelly.
D. Because they camped without permission.
29. What was Cabral’s career
A. Fighting against evils like Rambo.
B. Protecting wildlife, by force if necessary.
C. Volunteering in service of wildlife conservation.
D. Filming wildlife programs in nature.
30. What do we know about IMAMA
A. It centered on wildlife protection.
B. It originally built a unit of armed rangers.
C. It was co-founded by Cabral.
D. It worked as branch of a non-profit organization.
31. Which can best describe Cabral
A. Passionate and devoted. B. Smart and straightforward.
C. Cooperative and courageous. D. Intelligent and knowledgeable.
D
If you had to use one word to define yourself, what would it be Imagine trying to summarize your entire being in just one word or two — a challenging task indeed. Labels, like “confident” or “creative”, may suggest certain aspects, but they can never fully capture the richness and depth of a person’s character. Labels take on an “all-or-nothing” meaning. Someone either is something, or they’re not.
The biggest problem with labeling people is that it oversimplifies their complex nature. Using labels infers people’s current behavior is fixed, but people change. As they learn, they grow, and someone we think of in a certain way today might not remain the same in a few months or years. When we label people, we deny their complexity, their right to change, and their richness as human beings.
Furthermore, labels can become self-fulfilling prophecies (预言). When people are constantly told they are a certain way, they may start to remember these labels and act accordingly. This hinders their potential for growth and development, as they may feel trapped by social expectations. For example, if parents label a child as “annoying” or “a complainer”, the child may feel their needs aren’t important. Over time, being ignored for complaining too much can lead the child to believe that expressing their needs is not acceptable. Consequently, their self-perception (自我认知) may suffer, and they may even start to devalue themselves as a result.
Linguist Benjamin Wharf once argued that the words we use to describe what we see are rarely objective, as they carry personal prejudice. Labels can be harmful because they can reduce individuals to a single characteristic or stereotype. Therefore, we should be mindful of the language we use and the labels we attach to people. By adopting a more open view of life, people, and events, we can appreciate the richness and diversity of human experience, and cope with the complexities of our interconnected world.
32. What is the biggest problem with labeling people
A. It expresses a subjective opinion.
B. It ignores the complexity of humans.
C. It overstates people’s shortcomings.
D. It denies goodness in human nature.
33. What does the underlined word “hinders” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Exposes. B. Enhances. C. Restricts. D. Determines.
34. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A. To present the bad effects of labeling on people.
B. To show the importance of using language skillfully.
C. To prove people’s natural tendency to be prejudiced.
D. To encourage people to take an open-minded perspective.
35. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text
A. Stop Labeling People.
B. Define Yourself Objectively.
C. Children Suffer a Lot from Labels.
D. Different Individuals Diversify the World.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Throughout the summer there is nothing like getting to play outside in the warm weather. You have all day to play and have lots of adventures, with no school or responsibilities. 36 Here are some simple sun safety tips that will keep you having fun in the sun.
One of he easiest ways to protect yourself from the sun is to use sunscreen and know how to apply it correctly. You should remember to put on sunscreen at least 15 minutes before going outside. Remember to put it on any area that is exposed to the sun, especially hands, ears, neck, feet, nose, shoulders and lips. You also need to remember to reapply sunscreen at least every two hours. 37 Waterproof sunscreen is a better choice if you will be around the water.
38 Hats and UV protected sunglasses are important to protect your face and eyes from sun damage. Also wearing protective clothing, including clothing with UV protection will also help prevent sun damage.
It is also fairly simple to plan not to spend too much time outside during the sunniest hours of the day. 39 During these times it is a good idea to have other fun activities arranged, so you can be sure to get out of the sun for a while and protect yourself from sun damage.
When you are playing at the beach in the water and on the sand you should be extra careful about sun safety. 40 And that can cause more sun damage. Be sure to cover up as much as possible and be careful to reapply your sunscreen often and after you have been in the water.
A．Watch for the UV index.
B．Both water and sand reflect the sunlight.
C．The sun is most powerful from around 10 am to 4 pm.
D．But nothing can ruin your fun like getting a nasty sunburn.
E．And reapply it every time after swimming or getting sweaty.
F．Another simple way to protect your skin from the sun is to cover up.
G．If you must be in the sunlight, use the strongest sunscreen you can get.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节；满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题l分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
On Sept. 17, 2022, a father and son competed in the Ironman competition in Cambridge, Maryland. They must 41 140 miles of swimming, bicycling and running in under 17 hours. Jeff Agar, the father, would 42 as his son’s arms and legs, literally carrying the 43 of his son throughout the race.
Johnny developed a childhood disease, preventing him from 44 normally. To help him pursue his dream of being a/an 45 , Jeff woke up at 4 a. m. and ran, pushing Johnny in a racing chair. They ran 46 longer distances daily, and were soon entering 5K races, then on to Ironman triathlons in 2016. Finishing the competition in under 17 hours was their another 47 .
The competition 48 with a 2.4-mile swim in the Choptank River, which they completed in 90 minutes. After roughly 9 hours’ 112-mile bicycle ride, they started the 49 part—a 26.2-mile marathon. Jeff pushed Johnny in the racing chair. With minutes 50 and 200 feet to the finish line, Jeff helped Johnny out of his racing chair. Not long ago, Johnny could 51 walk 23 steps. But after years of painstaking work, he 52 his step count. So he was determined to finish his race on his own.
Johnny saw the clock 53 and worried they wouldn’t make the cutoff. But, with just 4 minutes and 25 seconds to 54 , the father and son crossed the finish line together!
As the crowd cheered on an overwhelmed Johnny, Jeff kept a low 55 . “He didn’t want his finish line moment,” says Johnny. “He wanted it to be mine.”
41．A．practise B．follow C．attend D．complete
42．A．act B．aid C．ride D．come
43．A．supplies B weight C．clothes D．chair
44．A．living B．training C．Walking D．schooling
45．A．athlete B．student C．patient D．artist
46．A．helplessly B．tirelessly C．increasingly D．patiently
47．A．chance B．requirement C．race D．dream
48．A．happened B．began C．worked D．changed
49．A．equal B．first C．final D．right
50．A．left B．gone C．lost D．limited
51．A．slowly B．easily C．nearly D．barely
52．A．managed B．increased C．recorded D．interrupted
53．A．signing up B．ticking down C．giving up D．slowing down
54．A．spare B．end C．meet D．show
55．A．mood B．manner C．spirit D．profile
第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My name is Haroon Ali Kabeer. I am from Pakistan. I’d like to share my personal experience of living and working in China. China is a country _____56_____ (fill) with diverse culture, rich history and breathtaking landscapes. My first impression of China was _____57_____ mix of awe and amazement. On the second day I arrived in Jinan at Shandong University, _____58_____ I did my IMBA. My first few months were a bit _____59_____ (challenge) because of the language barrier, but I was able to navigate my way around quickly. After completing my IMBA, I _____60_____ (land) a job as a teacher at the Shandong Institute of Commerce and Technology (SICT).
One of the things I noticed was how Chinese people value education. From primary schools to universities, education is highly regarded. The education system in China has been modeled to ensure that students _____61_____ (equip) with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in life.
Recently, I participated in a speech contest _____62_____ the theme of "The Yellow River in My Eyes" and I won third prize. I also got an opportunity _____63_____ (learn) the history of the Yellow River and explore the Yellow River estuary in Dongying.
In conclusion, China has become my second home. Living and working in China has been a _____64_____ (true) unique and remarkable experience. I have learned so much about China’s rich culture and history, met inspiring people and gained a far _____65_____ (broad) understanding of the world.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
为了迎接即将到来的“世界旅游日”，你校计划举办一场英语写作比赛。请你自拟题目，用英语介绍一处你喜欢的历史名胜参赛。内容包括：
1.介绍该历史名胜；
2.简要总结并发出邀请。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Tom’s love for soccer ran deep, and he played the game with a passion that was infectious（有感染力的）to everyone around him. But there was one thing that upset him—his worn-out soccer shoes. These shoes had been passed down to him by his older brother, and they were falling apart. With his birthday drawing near, Tom secretly wished for a new pair of soccer shoes to lift his spirits so that he could have a good performance in the game. However, he was well aware of his parents’ constant struggles to make ends meet and knew that such a wish might remain a dream forever.
One sunny afternoon, Tom and his best friend, David, were at school, watching an exciting soccer match. The exciting run and shout, the determination on the athletes’ faces, and their fine equipment were enough to make
anyone’s heart race. It was at this moment that Tom said about his biggest birthday wish. He took a long deep breath and said, “How I wish I could have a new pair of soccer shoes for my birthday, but I know it’s impossible.”
David, sitting beside him, couldn’t help but overhear Tom’s words. The idea of helping his best friend achieve this long-held dream began to form in his mind. After school, David ran home and couldn’t wait to share the idea with his mother.
“Mom, I really want to do this for Tom. He’s been playing with those old shoes for so long. It would mean the world to him,” David explained seriously.
His mother smiled warmly, proud of her son’s compassion （同情）.“David, it’s a wonderful idea. It’s not just about the gift it’s about the thought and effort you’re putting into making Tom’s day special.”
As David thought about how to earn the money, his mother suggested, “You know, David, there are various ways you can earn some extra money to save for the soccer shoes. Many of our neighbors are looking for someone to help with lawn mowing（割草坪）and other services. Some even need help with newspaper delivery. You can offer your services and earn money that way.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: David’s eyes lit up as he realized the potential. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: The day of Tom’s birthday finally arrived, and David couldn’t wait to surprise his best friend.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Key:
1~5 BCABC 6~10 BBABC 11~15 BABAA 16~20 BABCA
21—23 ACA 24—27 DCBA 28 – 31 CBAA 32 – 35 BCDA
36—40 DEFCB
41—45 DABCA 46—50 CDBCA 51—55 DBBAD
56. filled 57. a 58. where 59. challenging 60. landed
61. are equipped 62. with 63. to learn 64. truly 65. broader
66. One possible version:
Cangxiang Street
Can you visit Nanluoguxiang in Anyang, Henan Province Well, you can! You can find sights in the Cangxiang Street to rival anything you can see in Beijing.
The buildings that lie on the Cangxiang Street have a history dating back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Stepping onto the street, you feel like being transported back in time. Deep in the street, you will be surrounded by the scent of traditional snacks. When night falls, the old street lamps cast a warm glow on your shoulders, quieting the whole street.
The Cangxiang Street is a place where your senses come alive. What are you waiting for
67. One possible version:
David’s eves lit up as he realized the potential. You’re right, Mom! I can mow the lawn and do other jobs for the neighbors to save up the money. It’s a great idea! David took his mother’s advice to heart and decided to use his weekends productively. He offered lawn-mowing services, and even took on a newspaper delivery job. With each task completed, he was one step closer to achieving his goal of buying the soccer shoes for Tom. The thought of how close he was to making Tom’s wish come true filled him with enthusiasm.
The day of Tom’s birthday finally arrived, and David couldn’t wait to surprise his best friend. At school, David presented the gift to Tom. Happy birthday, Tom, he said with a wide smile. Tom, surprised and curious, eagerly tore open the wrapping paper. His eyes widened with astonishment when he saw the pair of new soccer shoes. Overwhelmed with gratitude, Tom said, David, you did this for me I can’t believe it! Thank you so much! Tears of joy welled up in his eyes and he hugged his best friend. And David was so happy he finally made his friend’s dream come true.
