2025年中考英语复习课件(共22张PPT) 形容词专项复习

(共22张PPT)
形容词专项复习
Adjectives Special Review
形容词主要起描述和修饰的作用。除了基本形式外，大多数形容词还有比较等级，即比较级和最高级。
目录
形容词的句法功能
03
形容词常用作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等。
02
“比较...” “最...”
01
用途、形式
形容词的比较级与最高级
形容词的分类
形容词的分类
01
根据用途分类
1.品质形容词
英语中，有大量的形容词可以用于表示人或事物的品质，如honest(诚实的)、beautiful(漂亮的)、big(大的)、new(新的)、warm(温暖的)等.
Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends leading to good relationships.
With more free time, how can we have a happy and meaningful vacation
Smartphones are getting boring.
2.类属形容词
有些形容词用于表示人或事物的类别，如basic(基础的)、empty(空的)、moral(道德的)、social(社交的)、wrong(错误的)等。
By learning basic skills like cooking and cleaning, children can learn how to takecare of themselves and live independently.
I showed to them the real Africa that they had never seen on TV before.
Would you like to visit the National Science Museum with me tomorrow, Amy？
根据用途分类
3. 颜色形容词
有些形容词用于表示颜色,这些词前面还可以加light(浅的)、dark(暗的)deep(深的)、bright(明亮的)等词。
Steve told them the story about the little red hen.
If you visit a garden center, you will find seeds and small starter plants for yellow tomatoes, purple tomatoes, huge tomatoes, and even very small tomatoes.
The name Shakespeare is in bright purple.
4.强调形容词
有些形容词可以起强调的作用，如perfect(完美的，最佳的)、complete(完全的)、pure(纯粹的)、total(彻底的)等。
It's a perfect time to flyakite.
We were in complete agreement.
These shirts are 100% pure cotton.
根据形式分类
根据形容词的构成形式，可以将其分为简单形容词和合成形容词。单个形容词是简单形容词，如simple(单一的)、quiet(安静的)、healthy(健康的)。
由两个和两个以上的单词共同构成并起到形容词作用的是合成形容词，如kind-hearted(好心的)、hard-working(勤奋的)、four-year-old(四岁的)。
合成形容词的每个单词之间要用连字符连接，以避免混淆和词不达意。
合成形容词通常用作定语和表语。
To make more money, Mr, Lin started selling second-hand bicycles in his shop
My father was kind-hearted.
以 -ing 结尾的形容词与以 -ed 结尾的形容词的区别
英语中，有大量的现在分词和过去分词已经演变为形容词，二者的主要区别如下:
1.以 -ing 结尾的形容词通常用来说明事物，表示事物对人的情感产生的相应影响，有“令人……的”之意。
It's been a very exciting and busy time.
2.以 -ed结尾的形容词通常用来表示人的情绪或感受，有“感到……的”之意。
After hearing the news, Tom was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.
形容词的比较级和最高级
02
大多数形容词都有比较级和最高级:比较级表示“比较……”，最高级表示“最……”。与之相对的形容词本身称为原级。形容词的比较级和最高级的变化大多是规则变化，即在原级词尾加-er或在原级词前加more 构成比较级，在原级词尾加-est或在原级词前加most构成最高级。少数形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化。
规则变化
规则 示例
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er、-est hard→harder→hardest
great→greater→greatest
small→smaller→smallest
以e结尾的加 -、-st nice→nicer→nicest
wide→wider→widest
单音节词和少数双音节词 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的双音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -er 或 -est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→ hottest fat→fatter→fattest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先变y为i,再加-er、-est。 happy→ happier→ happiestbusy→ busier→ busiesteasy→ easier→ easiest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加 more、most beautiful→more beautiful→
most beautiful
wonderful→more wonderful→
most wonderful
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good better best
bad/il1 worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
1.elder和older都是old的比较级，但在含义、用法和使用对象上有
所区别。elder 主要用于英式英语中，只能用来指人，意为“前辈的;年纪较长的”，表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系，在句中只用作定语，不作表语;older 既可修饰人，也可修饰事物，使用范围更加广泛，语义也更丰富，意为“更老的;更旧的;更古老的”，在句中既可以作定语，也可以作表语。
Her elder son got married last week.
I think my grandma is older.
2.表示距离时，farther、farthest、further、furthest 四个词都可用，但若用于引申义，表示程度上“进一步的;更多的”时，则只能用further:
没有比较级和最高级的形容词
英语中，表示国籍、方位、顺序、形状、颜色、材质等的形容词，以及没有程度可分或其本身就表示某种程度的形容词,是没有比较级和最高级的。
next first Italian east
golden plastic last round
favorite perfect excellent right
entire umique wonderful absolute
比较级的用法
1.形容词的比较级可以单独使用。
Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier.
They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks.
2.形容词的比较级可以和 than 一起使用,表示两者相比,than 后面可以跟名词、代词、动名词、从句、状语(含副词、介词短语)等。
“magination is more important than knowledge”, said Einstein.
My brother is two years younger than me.
Writing is more active than just reading adefinition.
But if you follow the steps below, you can also write a better poem than you expected.
First,it is easier to smile than to show unhappiness.
I have spent more time with Bingjie than with my family.
比较级的用法
同类事物相比较时,可用 that 代替前面的不可数名词或单数可数名词用 those 代替可数名词复数。
The weather in Hainan is warmer than that in Beijing in winter.
Farms in France are much smaller than those in the United States.
3.比较级还有一些其他的特殊用法
(1)“比较级+and+比较级”，表示“越来越……”
It was becoming more and more difficult to live on his salary.
(2)“the+比较级…, the+比较级…”，表示“……越……，……越……”
It't true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings.
(3)“the +比较级 + of the two” ，表示“两者中更……的一个”
two 也可置于句首。
He is the cleverer of the two brothers. / Of the two brothers, he is the cleverer.
比较级的用法
(4)“the+比较级+名词”，即比较级修饰名词作定语。
Which is the larger city, London or New York
(5)“表示否定意义的词(few、nothing、never、not等) + 比较级”，表
示最高级。
I've never heard a worse thing than this.
Nothing can be more interesting than books.
(6)“more..than..”有时可以把两种品质加以比较，表示“更多……而不是……，与其说……不如说………”
To be fair, your mom was more worried than angry when you didn't come homeon time.
To them, music is more a way of life than just an interest.
(7)形容词的比较级前可以加 much、far、a lot、a bit、a little 之类表示程度的状语。
She looks much happier than she did yesterday.
There are far more opportunities for young people than there used to be.
Lisa is a lot younger than her classmates.
比较级的用法
(8)形容词的比较级前可以加 any、no、some、even、still 这类词。
Do you feel any better today
Chuck is no older than George.
He's even more intelligent than his brother.
James is tall, but his son is still taller.
使用形容词比较级时要注意，相比较的两者必须为同一类属。
The weather of Fuzhou is hotter than Beijing. ( x )
The weather of Fuzhou is hotter than that of Beijing.( v )
My basketball is cleaner than you. ( x )
My basketball is cleaner than yours (= your basketball).( v )
最高级的用法
1.形容词的最高级主要表示“最……”，其前一般带定冠词 the。
Short-haired dogs are the easiest to look after,
The oldest earthly map is the Babylonian Map ofthe World.
2.形容词的最高级前可以加 a(n) 或不加冠词来表示“非常……”
My best friend Nina is a most intelligent girl.
I should be most happy to help you.
3.“the+序数词+形容词最高级”表示“第(几)……的”。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
4. 形容词的最高级还可以和 at 构成短语作状语。
at best 最多 at least至少 at most 顶多 at the latest 最迟
最高级前通常要加定冠词，但是如果最高级前有物主代词或名词所有格时，则不再使用定冠词。
It's my busiest day.
My greatest dream is to be an astronaut and I wish I could have a spacetravel.
形容词的句法功能
02
作表语
形容词常在系动词(be、feel、taste、look等)后用作表语。
The grapes are very fresh and they also taste good.
作宾语补足语
形容词作宾语补足语时，常与make、keep、find、leave等动词连用，位于宾语之后。
Evans’eyes hurt and this made studying difficult.
When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones strong.
作状语
形容词有时候也可用作状语，表示原因、结果或伴随状况等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。
He sat in the corner,silent.
作定语
形容词作定语时，通常位于所修饰的名词之前，但在一些特定的情况下也会置于所修饰的名词之后。
1.单个的形容词作定语修饰名词时，通常位于它所修饰的名词之前。
Lots of expensive objects are on show in the museum.
2.当形容词修饰 something、anything、nothing 等合成不定代词时，须位于不定代词之后。
Some musicians try to add something new to traditional music.
3.形容词 else 修饰疑问代词、疑问副词和合成不定代词时，else 需后置。
What else do you want to do
Anything else
4.形容词短语作定语需后置，其功能相当于一个定语从句。
I think she is the person ready for the job.
(ready for the job = who is ready for the job )
5.表语形容词，如 alive、afraid、awake、alone、asleep等作定语时，一般情况下需后置，其功能往往相当于一个定语从句。
He is one of the greatest scientists alive in the world today.
Thank you
See you next time~