Unit 2 Get off the sofa!
【基础 重难突破】
必会·短语
1.thanks to 多亏;归功于
2.health care 医疗保健(服务)
3.once in a while 偶尔;有时;间或
重点·句式
1.Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives.
由于有了更完善的医疗保健(服务),大多数人生活得更健康并且更长寿。
2.It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays.
人们甚至认为,在未来会有越来越多的人庆祝他们的百岁生日。
3.Here are five rules for a healthy life.
这是健康生活的五条原则。
4.Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health.
吃太多不好的食物对你的健康有害。
5.If you are worried about something, talk to your parents or your teacher.
如果你为某事而感到焦虑,你要和你的父母或老师说。
核心·考点
1.Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives.
由于有了更完善的医疗保健(服务),大多数人生活得更健康并且更长寿。 (教材P42)
【辨析】thanks to与thanks for的区别
thanks to 意为“多亏;由于;因为(相当于because of)”。其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式
thanks for 意为“因……而感谢”,thanks为复数名词,介词for指原因,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式
2.Someone who is born today can expect to live about thirty-five years longer than someone who was born in the nineteenth century.
现在出生的人比19世纪出生的人有望多活大约35年。(教材P42)
expect的用法
expect作动词,意为“预料;预计”,还意为“期待;期望”,常用于以下结构:
3.It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays.
人们甚至认为,在未来会有越来越多的人庆祝他们的百岁生日。(教材P42)
It’s thought that...是被动结构,It作形式主语,代替真正的主语that从句。用于此类结构的动词有believe, suggest, say, report等。
It’s believed that...人们相信……
It’s suggested that... 人们建议……
It’s said that...据说……
It’s reported that...据报道……
4.In the past, people’s jobs required more physical effort.
在过去,人们的工作需要更多的体力。(教材P42)
require作动词,意为“需要”,与need是同义词,二者通常可互换。常用于以下结构:
【警示】require接that从句时,从句一般用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,其中should可省略。
【语篇 宏观建构】
答案:1.Be happy 2.at least 10,000 3.fresh and natural 4.8 hours’ sleep 5.talk to 6.harms
【课时 分层演练】
【基础过关】
Ⅰ.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
1.Most schools are following the requirements of not giving homework through cellphones or requiring students to do (do) homework with a cellphone.
2.It is expected (expect) that the report will suggest some major reforms.
3.Thanks (thank) to your help, I succeeded in passing my driver’s test.
4.I think playing too many games on your mobile phone is harmful(harm) to your eyesight.
5.You should eat fresh food to keep healthy(health).
Ⅱ.单项选择
(A)1.Don’t eat in the library.This is one of our library ______.
A.rules B.suggestions C.ideas
(A)2.—Lucy,I’m poor in English.Could you give me some advice
—You can speak it as ______as possible.
A.much B.more C.most
(C)3.Don’t sit on the sofa all the time.You should ______the sofa and do some exercise.
A.get on B.get up C.get off
(C)4.______ the government’s efforts, my hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.
A.As for B.With the help C.Thanks to
(A)5.Bob,______ healthy food.It can help you keep healthy.
A.eat B.eats C.to eat
【能力提升】
Ⅲ.阅读理解
You might have been told that you’d go blind from reading in the dark, but you could make up for it by eating carrots.This is a wrong idea.A magazine has picked out scientific explanations for three mistakes the people often make about the eyes.Let’s take a look.
1.Can eating carrots make your eyesight better
Carrots are rich in vitamin A, which is important and necessary for your eyes’ general health.Vitamin A helps eyes to make light into signals, allowing people to see in low light conditions.However, eating more carrots doesn’t help you see better.
2.If your parents have bad eyesight, will you have bad eyesight, too
Myopia(近视) can be passed from parents to children.A study by the American Optometric Association found that if both parents are with myopia, there is a 33 to 60 percent chance that the child is.For children who have one parent with myopia, the chance is 23 to 40 percent, and it’s down to 6 to 15 percent for kids with non-myopia parents.So no matter how bad your parents’ eyesight is, you should protect your eyes.
3.Is it true that people who are color blind can’t see colors
Color blindness doesn’t mean that someone can’t see colors at all, like a black and white movie.It means that someone has difficulty telling some colors apart,usually green and red or blue and yellow.Color blindness is usually a condition caused by not having color cells.If the cells don’t respond in the right way to differences in wavelengths of light, color blindness happens.There are different levels of color blindness.
(C)1.What can we know about eating carrots according to the passage
A.Eating carrots doesn’t help people see better at all.
B.People need to eat a lot of carrots.
C.Eating carrots is good for those who work in dark conditions.
(C)2.Both Tom’s parents are with myopia.How much could be his chance of having bad eyesight
A.6%—15%. B.23%—40%. C.33%—60%.
(B)3.What does the underlined word “respond” in the last paragraph mean in Chinese
A.控制 B.反应 C.逃跑
(A)4.What is the structure of the passage (P=Paragraph)
(A)5.Which is the best title for the passage
A.Misunderstandings About Eyes
B.Advice on Protecting Your Eyes
C.Reasons for Color Blindness
Ⅳ.选词填空
bad so want begin find inside to he put paper
David walked down the street.He 1.wanted to play basketball with Jim,but his mother asked him to return his sister’s books 2.to the city library first.
It was David’s first time to go to the city library.He thought he read a lot during the school year,3.so he felt no need to go to the city library.He planned to drop the books off in the outside return box,but it was locked(锁上的).He had to go 4.inside to return them.
David walked into the library a few minutes before closing time.He 5.put the books into the return box and then went into the toilet.However,when he walked out,the library was locked.
David tried to 6.find a telephone,but he couldn’t.He used a pencil to write a note(便条) on a big piece of 7.paper.It read,“I’m locked inside.Please call for help.”He put it on the front door to make sure someone passing by(经过) would see it.He then turned 8.his attention to the books.
David was surprised to find the library was not so 9.bad.When he saw a book about Michael Jordan,he picked it up and 10.began to read.He felt that being locked in the library didn’t seem(看来) to be a terrible thing.Unit 1 We’d better get you to hospital.
【基础 重难突破】
必会·短语
1.catch up 赶上
2.call off 取消;决定终止
重点·句式
1.They’ll catch up in a few minutes.
他们一会儿就会赶上。
2.I thought we had an agreement to stay together.
我认为我们已经约好要待在一起。
3.They were walking more slowly than us.
他们正走得比我们慢。
4.We’d better get you to hospital.
我们最好送你去医院。
核心·考点
1.What do you think has happened to him
你认为他发生了什么事情 (教材P40)
【辨析】 happen与take place的区别
词汇 不同点 相同点
happen 意为“发生,碰巧”; 具有偶然性、突发性 无被动语态;不能和一段时间连用
take place 意为“发生,举行”; 具有计划性
2.They’ll catch up in a few minutes.
他们一会儿就会赶上。(教材P40)
(1)catch up意为“赶上”,相当于不及物动词,其后不直接跟宾语。catch up with sb.表示“赶上某人”。
【拓展】“动词+up+with”常用短语
keep up with 跟上,不落在……后面
come up with 想出,提出
(2)in的用法
①“in+时间段”意为“多久以后”时,用于一般将来时,用how soon提问;②“in+一段时间”,意为“多长时间之内”时,用于一般过去时。
【辨析】“in+时间段”“时间段+later”与“after+时间段/点”
in +时间段 从现在算起到将来的一段时间之后 一般将来时 用how soon提问
从过去算起的一段时间之内 一般过去时 用how long提问
时间段 +later 从过去算起的一段时间之后 一般过去时 用when提问
after +时间段 从过去算起的一段时间之后 一般过去时 用when提问
after +时间点 通常是将来的时间点 一般将来时 用when提问
3.Tony, tell everyone we have to call off the walk and go back home.托尼,告诉所有人我们必须取消徒步并回家。(教材P40)
(1)call off为“动词+副词”结构短语,若宾语为人称代词,则放于call off之间;若宾语为名词时,放在call off的中间或后面均可。
(2)和call有关的常用短语
【课时 分层演练】
【基础过关】
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.There’s something wrong with the girl.She’s blind(失明的).
2.Something interesting has happened(发生) to Bob.
3.It’s nothing serious(严重的).I only have a bad cold.
4.Lexi and her friends had an agreement (协议) to join the English club.
5.Daming had an accident (事故) yesterday.He fell off his bike.
Ⅱ.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
1.Linda has agreed to join (join) our basketball club.
2.Tom has hurt(hurt)his foot.He can’t move his left foot.
3.We’re tired(tire)after a long journey.
4.My pet dog was missing(miss).I decided to go out and look for it.
5.To catch ( catch ) up with others, he studies harder than before.
Ⅲ.单项选择
(A)1.—Listen! Someone is calling ______help.
—Let’s go and help him.
A.for B.on C.out
(C)2.Be quiet! I have ______to tell you.
A.anything important
B.important anything
C.something important
(B)3.Hurry up, or we won’t ______with other students in front of us.
A.get up B.catch up C.wake up
(B)4.—Doctor,168 yuan for pulling a tooth It’s only a few minutes’ work.
— Well.I can do it ______if you like.
A.more quietly B.more slowly
C.less carefully
(C)5.—Kids should play outdoor games more instead of playing computer games.
—______.It will be better for their eyes.
A.Just so so B.Not at all
C.I agree with you
【能力提升】
Ⅳ.补全对话
A:Hi, Paul.Did you go horse riding last Sunday
B:Yes, I did.
A:1. C
B:Terrible.
A:Oh 2. B
B:My brother fell off his horse.
A:That’s too bad.3. D
B:Yes.He hurt his leg.
A:4. E Did you get him to hospital
B:Yes.He couldn’t move, so I called an ambulance (救护车).
A:Was it serious
B:5. F It was lucky that he didn’t break any bones (骨头).But the doctor advised him to remain in bed for a few days.
A.Good luck!
B.What happened
C.How did you like it
D.Did he hurt himself
E.I’m sorry to hear that.
F.No, it was nothing serious.模块语篇精练
Ⅰ.完形填空
In a cold winter, a couple had to move out of their big house because of bankruptcy. The husband worked day and night but with less care of his wife. 1 she thought, “He doesn’t love me any more.He just thinks about 2 work.”
One day, she wanted to take a 3 , but her husband stopped her at the door, “Let me take it first, OK ” “Why not let me first,” she asked.“I was tired.You take it later, OK ” She was very sad.
On a rainy day, she found nothing to do and turned 4 his computer.After a few minutes, her eyes were full of tears... it was his diary on the computer:
Today, I was quite sad.She asked me 5 I was always taking the shower first, and I said I was tired.She was unhappy.I wasn’t as 6 as before! We moved to the small house and it was very cold.I 7 that if one person took the shower first, the bathroom could get a little 8 .So I always 9 the bathroom first.When she took the shower, the 10 in the bathroom could get a little higher.I can’t give her more, but at least, I can give her 1℃ love.
(B)1.A.Because B.So C.Unless
(C)2.A.my B.her C.his
(B)3.A.walk B.shower C.look
(A)4.A.on B.up C.down
(C)5.A.what B.when C.why
(A)6.A.rich B.satisfied C.poor
(C)7.A.explained B.suggested C.found
(B)8.A.cooler B.warmer C.hotter
(A)9.A.rushed into B.rushed out of C.waited outside
(C)10.A.season B.weather C.temperature
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Sometimes people cry when they are sad.At other times people cry tears of joy.But your eyes make tears all the time, whether you are crying or not.Do you know the tears help keep your eyes healthy They keep your eyes from drying out.A special area of the eyes drips (滴) all the time.It keeps the eyes humid.
If you look in a mirror, you can see tiny holes in the corners of your eyes.Each hole leads to a small tube that runs to your nose.Tears run slowly into this tube drip by drip.Day and night the holes drain (使……流走) the tears away.If they didn’t, you would always look as if you were crying.
If you begin to cry, there are many more tears.The holes can’t drain all of them.Then extra tears run out onto your face.
Tears help keep eyes safe.If there is something harmful in the air, the eyes fill with tears.These tears coat your eyes.They keep the harmful air out.
Contact lenses (隐形眼镜) can make the eyes too dry.Some people have to add tears to their eyes. They buy bottles of eye drops to keep their eyes wet.
根据语篇内容,判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。
(T)1.Eyes make tears no matter how people feel.
(F)2.When you cry, tears run into your nose or onto your face.
(T)3.If there is something harmful in the air, tears protect your eyes by covering them.
(F)4.Contact lenses make you have more tears in your eyes.
(F)5.Tears are harmful to your eyes.
B
You think it’s “cool” to carry your backpacks and head out to school.But if you don’t know exactly how to choose, load, lift and wear them—these all-important accessories(配件)can be a pain in the back.Not to mention the neck, head and shoulders.
Backpacks can influence your health.Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to poor body position, and even hurt the spinal column(脊柱).This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain.
For example, if it is carried on one shoulder, a heavy backpack forces the muscles and spine to balance the unequal weight.This may increase the possible back problems later in life.
More than 50 percent of young people suffer back pain by their teenage years.Research shows that this could be mainly caused by improper use of backpacks.
Here’s some advice to help you carry backpacks comfortably and safely.
Choose the right backpack.Forget leather(皮革)! It looks great, but it’s far too heavy.Go for canvas(帆布).Pick a pack that has two wide, adjustable, comfortable shoulder straps(带子), along with a hip or waist strap, and plenty of pockets.Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer’s body.
Pack it properly.Only put in the pack what is needed for that day.It’s a good idea to know what each object weighs.The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 15 percent of the wearer’s own body weight.Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside, away from the back.
Put the backpack on.Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height.Put on the pack, one shoulder at a time, then adjust(调整)the straps to fit comfortably.Remember when lifting a backpack, or anything, to lift using the arms and legs and to bend at the knees.
The right way to wear a backpack.Both shoulder straps should be used, and adjusted so that the pack fits the body, without hanging to one side.Backpacks should never be worn over just one shoulder.You should be able to move your hands between the backpack and your back.The waist strap should also be worn.
Take the above advice, and you may not complain about back pain, numbness or weakness in your arms and legs any more.
(C)6.What could mainly cause some young people to suffer back pain by their teenage years
A.Too much homework.
B.Poor treatment for backs.
C.Improper use of backpacks.
(A)7.According to the research, how many young people suffer back pain by their teenage years
A.Over 50% of young people.
B.Less than 50% of young people.
C.Almost all young people.
(B)8.If a boy weighs 40 kg, how heavy should his filled backpack be at most
A.About 4 kg. B.About 6 kg. C.About 10 kg.
(C)9.What is the passage mainly about
A.The suitable backpack material that you should choose.
B.The good influence that backpacks have on your health.
C.Some advice on how to carry backpacks comfortably and safely.Unit 3
【语法 精讲细练】
【语法解读】
六大时态复习
时态 用法 谓语动词形式 常用标志词
一般 现在时 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实、普遍真理 动词原形或其第三人称单数形式 usually、often、 always、sometimes、 every day、 every...
一般 过去时 表示过去发生的或过去经常性的动作 动词的过去式 yesterday、just now、last...、 ...ago、in 2000、 in the past
一般 将来时 表示将来会出现或发生的动作 will/shall/be going to + 动词原形 tomorrow、 this evening、 some day、 next...、 in+时间段
现在 进行时 表示说话时正在进行的动作或当前一段时间正在进行的动作 be+动词的现在分词 Listen! Look! now、 at the moment
现在 完成时 表示发生在过去的动作对现在仍有影响或从过去一直延续到现在的动作或状态 have/has +动词的过去分词 already、just、 never、before、 yet、recently、ever、so far、since+过去的时间点、 for+时间段
过去 进行时 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生的动作 was/were+动词的现在分词 at this time yesterday、at that time、at ten o’clock yesterday或when引导的从句
【语法专练】
Ⅰ.用括号内单词的适当形式填空
1.Bob and Linda visited (visit) Grandma Zhang yesterday afternoon.
2.Jim was watching (watch) a movie at 8:00 pm yesterday.
3.Simon usually walks (walk) to school.
4.It’s said that the government will build (build) a park next year.
5.Ben is watching TV now.He has finished (finish) his homework.
Ⅱ.单项选择
(C)1.—Where is your brother
—Look! He______basketball on the playground.
A.plays B.played C.is playing
(A)2.There ______a big tree behind the shop.You can see many birds in it.
A.is B.are C.was
(C)3.(2023·广西中考)Yesterday I ______basketball with my classmates.We had a good time.
A.will play B.play C.played
(C)4.—Lingling,what were you doing at 7:00 yesterday evening
—I ______my mother prepare the dinner then.
A.helped B.am helping C.was helping
(B)5.—Sally, I ______the picture already.
—Wow, truly beautiful!
A.finish B.have finished C.was finishing
【写作 素养进阶】
主题分析——指明方向
本模块写作情境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中的“生活与学习”,涉及子主题“健康、文明的行为习惯与生活方式”。
典例研磨——示范引领
良好的生活习惯是健康和幸福的前提,青少年阶段正是养成良好生活习惯的关键时期。请以Good Living Habits Make Me Healthy为题,写一篇英语短文介绍自己的生活习惯。写作要求:
1.文中不能出现任何真实的人名、校名等信息;
2.词数120左右。
Step 1 三定审题
1.定人称:第一人称为主
2.定时态:一般现在时为主
3.定核心:介绍我的生活习惯
Step 2 谋篇布局
Step 3 润色成篇
Good Living Habits Make Me Healthy Good living habits can make people healthy.① I have good living habits, so I’m very fit and healthy. First⑥, I have a healthy diet.② Every day, I eat food that is fresh and natural③, for example, fruit and vegetables.And I eat less meat and fast food.Second⑥, I do exercise twice a day.After exercise, I always feel very comfortable.Doing proper exercise can make us ①总述好的生活习惯的益处。 ②该句为第一项主题句。 ③使用定语从句凸显作者语言功底。 ④熟练运用make结构,彰显作者深厚的语言功底。
续表
healthy and strong④.Third⑥, I sleep really well.I usually sleep for eight hours every night.A good sleep can make us active and energetic next day.Finally⑥, I relax myself by listening to music.Relaxing and happy mood will make us live much longer④. Follow my living habits⑤, and you’ll be healthy. ⑤运用祈使句,表达愿景,首尾呼应,使得主题更加突出,引起读者共鸣,提升表达效果。 ⑥运用First, Second,Third, Finally表示顺序的词介绍生活习惯,条理清晰。
实战写作——迁移创新
近段时间,某中学不少学生因感冒不能正常上课,影响了学习。为此,学生会主席李华准备利用English Broadcast时间建议学生养成良好的生活习惯和加强体育锻炼,以提高身体素质。请你根据下表提示,为他准备一份英语发言稿。
现象 因感冒不能上课,影响了学习
建议 健康饮食,保证睡眠,参加体育活动等
期望 ……
参考词汇:affect vt. 影响
要求:
(1)短文须包含表格中的所有信息,可适当发挥;
(2)词数:90左右(短文的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);
(3)文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名。
Boys and girls,
Welcome to our English Broadcast! I’m Li Hua, the chairman of Students’ Union.______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
That’s all! Thanks for listening!
【参考范文】
Boys and girls,
Welcome to our English Broadcast! I’m Li Hua, the chairman of Students’ Union.Recently quite a few students in our school couldn’t have lessons as usual because they had a cold.This affected their studies.In order to make you stronger, I’ll give you some useful advice.
Firstly, it’s important to have a healthy eating habit.You should eat more vegetables and fruit but less junk food.Secondly, you’d better sleep well.Don’t stay up late.Besides, do exercise every day.You can take a walk or run.Lastly, a good attitude towards life is also good for your health.
I’m looking forward to seeing you happier and healthier!
That’s all! Thanks for listening!
