(共18张PPT)
中考专题复习
---冠词
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
每天一个苹果医生远离我
A friend in need is a friend indeed
患难见真情
The book that my mother bought for me last week
is very interesting.
我妈妈上周给我买的那本书很有趣。
冠词的用法:
什么是“冠”词??
Article 冠 词
虚词,本身无独立的意义,它用来帮助说明名词所指
的人或物,是泛指还是特指.
不定冠词a, an(泛指) 定冠词 the(特指)
重点: 1.不定冠词a /an的用法及其区别
2.定冠词the的用法
3.零冠词的用法
4.易混淆词组
不定冠词a/an的基本用法
1. 泛指人或事物的一个
She is a girl. This is a desk.
A boy is waiting for you outside.
2.“每一”,相当于every
We have seven classes a day.
There are365 or 366 days in a year
3. a /an+单数名词,表示某一类人或事物
An elephant is much bigger than a dog.
a heavy snow a strong wind
4. 有些不可数名词要表示“一种”、“一
场”、“一堆”时,须加不定冠词
I have read the books twice, but I want to read
a third time.
5.用于序数词前,表示“又一,再一”
6. 用于固定搭配中
a little / a few
go for a swim/ go for a picnic
give sb. a hand
in a hurry / in a minute
have a cold / have a try / have a good time
What a pity
不定冠词两变体,
用a或an都表“一”
可数名词首次提,
何人何物不具体;
某类人、物任一个,
有时还要表“每一”。
总结:不定冠词a/an的用法记忆口诀:
特别提醒:不定冠词a 和an的区别:
a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前.
an用在以元音音素开头的单词前.
___ honest boy ; ___ useful book
There is ___ “f” in the word “five”
记忆口诀:不见元音不加n, 不看字母看发音
an
a
an
特殊:1.(一个有用的欧洲人在一所平常的大学
看到了一个UFO) ( one ,useful, European,
usual , university, UFO 前用a);
2, 诚实的小时和荣誉之前用an 别忘记。
定冠词the的用法
1.“特指”.
The book on the desk is mine.
2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物.
Where is the kite
3.在叙述中,上文提到过的人或者事物,再次出现时.
A:I can see a kite. B:where is the kite
4.用在姓氏的复数名词前,表示“一家人”
the Blacks 布来克一家 the Wangs 姓王的一家
5. 用在宇宙间独一无二的天体名词之前.
the sun the sky the moon the earth
6.用在序数词/形容词最高级/only, very, same前
I live on the second floor.
She is the most careful girl in our class。
That's the very thing I’ve been looking for.
7.与形容词/分词连用表示一类人
the rich富人;the living 生者 the young 年轻人
9.用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛等地理名词前
the Pacific, the Yellow River , the Mount Tai
the Ming Dynesty , the 21th century ,
in the 1990s, in the east of China
10.用于朝代、年代、世纪和方位名词等名词前
8.用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前.
I can play the violin. He can play erhu
用在惯用语中:
in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening),
the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday,
in the sky , in the dark, in the rain,
in the middle (of), in the end, in the future,
at the moment, on the phone, make the bed,
with the help of, listen to the radio, by the way, etc.
总结:定冠词记忆口诀
特指双方熟悉,上文已经提及;
世上独一无二,序数词最高级;
江河湖海岛屿,还有西洋乐器;
复合专有名词,朝代年代世纪;
复数姓氏一家,方位名词习语。
零冠词(不用冠词)
1、在专有名词(国名,城市名,人名, 路名)前不用冠词。
Beijing is a beautiful city.
2、表泛指的不可数名词或名词复数前不用冠词。
Snow is white and beautiful
3、在球类运动,棋类和学科名词前不用冠词。
Mr zhang likes playing football and chess.
4、在季节,月份,星期,节日和三餐饭前不用冠词。
Today is Children’s Day .All the students have lunch at school.
但中国的传统节日前一般加“the”
The Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节 The Spring Festival 春节
5、在称呼语或表示头衔的职位名词前不用冠词。
Mr Wang is from Australia
6、名词前有“this , that , those , these , my ,your ,some ”
等词修饰时不用冠词。
This is my Chinese book .
总结:零冠词助记忆口诀
零冠词有点繁
记住口诀就不难。
三餐、运动、乘车船,
节日、月份加头衔,
泛指星期和四季,
抽象物质学科前,
国家、城市、大学校,
街道、广场与公园.
1. in front of 在…前面(外部的前面)
in the front of 在…前面(内部的前面)
There is a tree ____________ the house.
The teachers’ desk is _____________ the classroom.
in front of
in the front of
in hospital 因病住院
in the hospital 在医院里
He’s ill in hospital.
My parents work in the hospital.
特殊:在有些词组中,有无冠词意思不同
3. at table 吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁边
4. in bed (睡/病/躺)在床上 in the bed (某物)在床上
5. by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海边
6. go to school 去上学(学生) go to the school去学校
7. on earth 究竟 on the earth 在地球上
8. take place 发生 take the place of … 代替
9. the +序数词 表示顺序“第…”
a +序数词 表示 “又一/另一/再一”