中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题25 短文填空 考点3 自由填空和综合填空（第01期）
一、短文自由填空
（2024·河南·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Reading Worksheet
Stories What do you think of the story
The Boy Who Cried Wolf This is a wonderful story everyone should know. We’re supposed to keep in mind that it 1 important to tell the truth.
The Ugly Duckling I like it! This might be 2 most famous short story of all. It tells us that we should be proud 3 who we are, even if we don’t look or feel like everyone else.
Stone Soup It is an interesting story 4 teaches us to work together and share. I wonder what my friends would bring to put in the pot (锅) of soup if they were in the story. You can also ask your friends 5 think about it. Their answers might be fun!
【答案】1．is 2．the 3．of 4．that/which 5．to
【导语】本文介绍了三个故事和对故事的看法。
1．句意：我们应该记住说真话是很重要的。根据“it…important to tell the truth”可知，此处需要be动词作谓语，时态是一般现在时，主语是it，故填is。
2．句意：这可能是最著名的短篇小说了。根据“This might be…most famous short story of all.”可知，此处是“the+形容词最高级”结构，故填the。
3．句意：它告诉我们，我们应该为自己感到骄傲，即使我们看起来或感觉和别人不一样。根据“It tells us that we should be proud…who we are”可知，be proud of“为……感到骄傲”，固定短语，故填of。
4．句意：这是一个有趣的故事，教会我们一起工作和分享。根据“It is an interesting story…teaches us to work together and share.”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是物，引导词在从句中作主语，用that/which引导。故填that/which。
5．句意：你也可以让你的朋友考虑一下。根据“You can also ask your friends…think about it.”可知，此处是ask sb to do sth短语，故填to。
（2024·内蒙古赤峰·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据语篇内容填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词。
The Country fair (集市) is a common form of trading in China.
In my hometown, Chifeng, there 6 fairs early in the morning. They are very popular. Foods, fruits, vegetables, clothes and daily necessities are displayed along both sides 7 the road. The fairs are open for just 2 or 3 hours, so people often get 8 very early. They are very excited to do this kind of shopping.
In 9 last month of the lunar year, the fairs are busier than usual. Goods for the Spring Festival are found there. Families often do the shopping together. They buy delicious food, pictures, duilian and so on. It is the happiest moment for kids. Their parents often buy some fireworks for 10 . This is what happiness is about.
【答案】6．are 7．of 8．up 9．the 10．them
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了自己家乡的集市。
6．句意：在我的家乡赤峰，一大早就有集市。此处是there be句型，意为“有”。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are。
7．句意：食物、水果、蔬菜、衣服和生活必需品陈列在道路两侧。both sides of the road“道路两侧”，用介词of，表“……的”。故填of。
8．句意：集市只开放两三个小时，所以人们常常起得很早。此处指人们为了赶集会起得很早。get up“起床”，动词短语。故填up。
9．句意：在农历的最后一个月，集市比平时更繁忙。根据“In…last month of the lunar year”可知，此处特指农历的最后一个月，其前应加定冠词the。故填the。
10．句意：他们的父母经常给他们买一些烟花。buy sth. for sb.“给某人买某物”。此处指父母给孩子们买烟花，故用代词宾格them，指代上文提到的kids，作介词for的宾语。故填them。
（2024·山西·中考真题）
请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，在空白处填入适当的单词，使其通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。
As the saying goes, “Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you will get.” During our preparation for zhongkao, we might get the bitter (苦的) chocolate. The bitterness comes from many things, 11 getting up early, doing all kinds ofexercises and so on. But when we taste the bitterness carefully, we will be surprised to discover some sweetness in it. The sweetness comes from the 12 who love us. The first must be our parents. They helped us to tidy up our rooms and prepare delicious meals. Besides, we want to express thanks to our teachers. They 13 us to bring out the best in ourselves. Also, we shouldn’t forget our classmates. They helped us to keep moving when we wanted to give 14 . With the help of all of them, we could achieve so much in our life. And life is the same. Bitterness is just the outside, 15 the sweetness is the inside. When we think life is not what we expect, we can look to the bright side and will find something nice.
【答案】11．like/including 12．people/persons 13．helped 14．up 15．but
【导语】本文讲述了我们的生活中既有苦涩，也有甜蜜。当我们面对苦涩时，不要忘记寻找生命中的甜蜜。
11．句意：苦涩来自很多事情，比如/包括早起，做各种练习等等。此处缺少介词，下文用以举例一些苦涩的事情，故用like“例如”或including“包括”。故填like/including。
12．句意：甜蜜来自爱我们的人。此处缺少名词作宾语。根据下文“The first must be our parents…Besides, we want to express thanks to our teachers.…”可知，此处指甜蜜来自于爱我们的人们，故用people“人”或名词复数persons“人”。故填people/persons。
13．句意：他们帮助我们展现了自己最好的一面。此处缺少谓语动词。根据“Besides, we want to express thanks to our teachers. They…us to bring out the best in ourselves.”可知，此处指老师帮助我们展现最好的一面。help“帮助”，动词，结合下文“They helped us to keep moving…”可知，此处是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填helped。
14．句意：当我们想放弃的时候，他们帮助我们继续前进。根据“They helped us to keep moving when we wanted to give…”可知，此处指当我们想要放弃的时候，同学们帮助我们前进。give up“放弃”，动词短语。故填up。
15．句意：苦涩只是外表，但甜蜜是内在。此处缺少连词，前后文之间是转折关系，故用but“但是”连接。故填but。
二、短文综合填空
（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据首字母或所给词的适当形式填空，使文章语义通顺。
Electric cars may seem to be a recent invention, but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road t 16 gasoline (汽油) cars. At that time, gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels (燃料), so electric cars were more popular.
When gasoline prices d 17 and new technologies on gasoline cars were developed, electric cars were out of date. Gasoline cars became more popular i 18 .
During the 20th century, gasoline cars got bigger, 19 (heavy) and faster. More and more people had bought gasoline cars. More fuel was needed. So this c 20 more air pollution. When people began to r 21 that there were not enough oil on the earth, they required car 22 (make) to produce more efficient (高效能的) cars.
One method of 23 (solve) the problem was a “hybrid” car, one that ran partly on gasoline and partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s because gasoline prices went up while prices of hybrid cars went down.
An all-electric car uses no gasoline. H 24 , the problem is that electric cars are not suitable for long journeys. Many people are not pleased with it. The government and the car factories are working together to develop safe, cheap and 25 (use) electric cars. When more and more people have these electric cars in the future, a gasoline station may disappear.
【答案】
16．(t)han 17．(d)ropped 18．(i)nstead 19．heavier 20．(c)aused 21．(r)ealize/(r)ealise 22．makers 23．solving 24．(H)owever 25．useful
【导语】本文主要介绍了电动汽车的发展情况。
16．句意：在20世纪初，路上行驶的电动汽车比汽油车多。根据“there were more electric cars on the road t... gasoline (汽油) cars”可知，路上行驶的电动汽车比汽油车多，than“比”符合语境，故填(t)han。
17．句意：当汽油价格下降和汽油车的新技术被开发出来时，电动汽车就过时了。根据“When gasoline prices d... and new technologies on gasoline cars were developed, electric cars were out of date.”可知，汽油价格下降且有技术更新，电动汽车会过时，drop“下降”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)ropped。
18．句意：汽油车反而变得更受欢迎。根据“electric cars were out of date. Gasoline cars became more popular i...”可知，电动汽车过时了，那么汽油车反而变得更受欢迎，instead“反而”符合语境，故填(i)nstead。
19．句意：在20世纪，汽油车变得更大、更重、更快。此处与bigger和faster并列，所以用形容词比较级heavier“更重”，故填heavier。
20．句意：这就造成了更多的空气污染。根据“More and more people had bought gasoline cars, more fuel was needed. So this c... more air pollution.”可知，使用更多的燃料造成了更多的空气污染，cause“造成”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(c)aused。
21．句意：当人们开始意识到地球上没有足够的石油时，他们要求汽车制造商生产更节能的汽车。根据“When people began to r... that there were not enough oil on the earth”可知，人们意识到地球上没有足够的石油，realize/realise“意识到”，began to do sth“开始做某事”，故填(r)ealize/(r)ealise。
22．句意：当人们开始意识到地球上没有足够的石油时，他们要求汽车制造商生产更节能的汽车。根据“they required car...to produce more efficient (高效能的) cars”可知，要求汽车制造商生产更节能的汽车，maker“制造商”，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填makers。
23．句意：解决这个问题的一种方法是“混合动力”汽车，一种部分使用汽油，部分使用电力的汽车。of是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，故填solving。
24．句意：然而，问题是电动汽车不适合长途旅行。前后两句构成转折关系，可用however“然而”连接，句首需大写首字母。故填(H)owever。
25．句意：政府和汽车工厂正在合作开发安全、便宜和有用的电动汽车。此处与safe和cheap并列作定语，useful“有用的”符合语境，故填useful。
（2024·重庆·中考真题）
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。
“Do you get enough sleep ” The answer is probably no if you ask a tired student who is always taking a nap (小睡) on a classroom desk. “I couldn’t get to sleep and experienced a restless night again.” You may often hear such words from an adult. Not having enough 26 is a common problem around the world.
However, sleep is just like food and water to us. 27 of us can live if we don’t sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours. Anything less could be h 28 to our health.
According to a study, sleeping only five hours a night for a week is like having a blood-alcohol (酒精) level of 0.1 percent. That is above the safe driving limit (限制) in most countries. Most people probably wouldn’t take an exam or go to work if they get drunk. But 29 enough sleep, they still do these things. As a result, they 30 in the exams or perform badly at work. What’s worse, doctors and nurses often work long hours. When they are sleepy, they might hurt a patient or even 31 a patient’s death by accident.
32 sleep is so important, many people these days are not getting enough. In a survey, twenty percent say that daytime sleepiness influences their daily work. They feel it hard to pay full attention during the day. However, they don’t seem to care. Some even show off how energetic they can be the next day just with little sleep. It may be time to wake up and 33 the way we think. We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.
【答案】26．sleep 27．None 28．(h)armful 29．without 30．fail 31．cause 32．Though/Although 33．change
【导语】本文介绍了充足睡眠的重要性。
26．句意：睡眠不足是世界上一个普遍的问题。enough形容词，修饰名词，根据“Do you get enough sleep ”可知此处介绍睡眠不足的问题，sleep表示“睡眠”。故填sleep。
27．句意：如果不睡觉，我们不能生存。根据“if we don’t sleep at all”可知不睡觉，大家都不能生存，none of表示“没有”，强调三者或三者以上都不，位于句首，首字母大写。故填None。
28．句意：任何不足都可能对我们的健康有害。根据“Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours.”可知此处介绍睡眠不足对健康有害，此空为形容词作表语，harmful表示“有害的”。故填(h)armful。
29．句意：但是没有充足的睡眠，他们仍然做这些事。根据“Most people probably wouldn’t take an exam or go to work if they get drunk.”可知饮酒不能做的事，但是没有充足的睡眠仍然会去做。介词without表示“没有”。故填without。
30．句意：结果他们考试失败或者在工作中表现不好。此空为谓语动词，根据“in the exams or perform badly at work.”可知此处指考试失败，fail表示“失败”，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填fail。
31．句意：当他们困了的时候，他们可能会伤害病人，甚至意外导致病人的死亡。or连接并列的动词原形，根据“a patient’s death by accident.”可知此处指意外导致人死亡，cause表示“引起”。故填cause。
32．句意：尽管睡眠如此重要，现在很多人也没有充足睡眠。根据“sleep is so important, many people these days are not getting enough.”可知此句是让步状语从句，用though或although引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Though/Although。
33．句意：也许是时候醒过来，改变我们的思维方式了。and连接并列的动词原形，根据“We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.”可知此处指改变“我们”的思维方式，change表示“改变”。故填change。
（2024·重庆·中考真题）
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
In the world that we are creating very quickly, we’re going to see more and more things that look like science fiction, and fewer and fewer things that look like jobs. For example, our cars are very quickly going to start driving 34 . That means we’re going to need fewer drivers. At the same time, there might be some new kinds of 35 in the future. Let’s have a look at some of them.
Robots will become more common in our homes and schools, so we’ll need people who know 36 to fix them. These workers will be like robot doctors, finding out what’s wrong with a robot and helping it get better.
Imagine going on vacation to space! In the future, more people might be interested in space travel, so we might need g 37 who can show tourists around the stars and planets.
As AI (人工智能) is developing fast, we’ll need people to check that it works properly. We call these people AI rule keepers. They will make 38 that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans.
School might look different in the future, with lessons designed just for you. Then we’ll need p 39 learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans 40 each student, so that everyone could get what they need to succeed.
These are just a few examples of the jobs we might have in the future. The best way to get ready for these future jobs is to be open to new ideas and never 41 learning. Knowledge will remain important, and problem solving and critical (批判性的) thinking skills will be needed for our future education and work.
【答案】34．themselves 35．jobs 36．how 37．(g)uides 38．sure 39．(p)ersonal 40．for 41．stop
【导语】本文主要是介绍畅想未来的几个例子。
34．句意：例如，我们的汽车很快就会开始自动驾驶。根据“For example, our cars are very quickly going to start driving...”可知，汽车会自动驾驶，此处指cars，用themselves代替。故填themselves。
35．句意：与此同时，未来可能会有一些新的工作。根据后文介绍可知，是未来的一些新工作，jobs“工作”符合语境，故填jobs。
36．句意：机器人将在我们的家庭和学校变得越来越普遍，所以我们需要知道如何修理它们的人。根据“so we’ll need people who know...to fix them”可知，我们需要知道如何修理它们的人，how“如何”符合语境，故填how。
37．句意：在未来，更多的人可能会对太空旅行感兴趣，所以我们可能需要导游，他们可以带领游客参观恒星和行星。根据“so we might need g... who can show tourists around the stars and planets”可知，我们可能需要导游带领游客参观恒星和行星，guides“导游”符合语境，故填(g)uides。
38．句意：他们将确保人工智能不会对人类造成任何伤害。根据“They will make...that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans.”可知，确保人工智能不会对人类造成任何伤害，make sure“确保”，故填sure。
39．句意：然后我们需要个人学习规划师。根据“Then we’ll need p... learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans...”可知，需要个人学习规划师，personal“个人的”，作定语修饰其后的名词，故填(p)ersonal。
40．句意：这些规划师会为每个学生制定特殊的学习计划，这样每个人都能得到他们成功所需的东西。plans for“……的计划”，故填for。
41．句意：为这些未来的工作做好准备的最好方法是接受新想法，永不停止学习。根据“...to be open to new ideas and never...learning”可知，永不停止学习，stop“停止”，祈使句用动词原形，故填stop。
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专题25 短文填空 考点3 自由填空和综合填空（第01期）
一、短文自由填空
（2024·河南·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Reading Worksheet
Stories What do you think of the story
The Boy Who Cried Wolf This is a wonderful story everyone should know. We’re supposed to keep in mind that it 1 important to tell the truth.
The Ugly Duckling I like it! This might be 2 most famous short story of all. It tells us that we should be proud 3 who we are, even if we don’t look or feel like everyone else.
Stone Soup It is an interesting story 4 teaches us to work together and share. I wonder what my friends would bring to put in the pot (锅) of soup if they were in the story. You can also ask your friends 5 think about it. Their answers might be fun!
（2024·内蒙古赤峰·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据语篇内容填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词。
The Country fair (集市) is a common form of trading in China.
In my hometown, Chifeng, there 6 fairs early in the morning. They are very popular. Foods, fruits, vegetables, clothes and daily necessities are displayed along both sides 7 the road. The fairs are open for just 2 or 3 hours, so people often get 8 very early. They are very excited to do this kind of shopping.
In 9 last month of the lunar year, the fairs are busier than usual. Goods for the Spring Festival are found there. Families often do the shopping together. They buy delicious food, pictures, duilian and so on. It is the happiest moment for kids. Their parents often buy some fireworks for 10 . This is what happiness is about.
（2024·山西·中考真题）
请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，在空白处填入适当的单词，使其通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。
As the saying goes, “Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you will get.” During our preparation for zhongkao, we might get the bitter (苦的) chocolate. The bitterness comes from many things, 11 getting up early, doing all kinds ofexercises and so on. But when we taste the bitterness carefully, we will be surprised to discover some sweetness in it. The sweetness comes from the 12 who love us. The first must be our parents. They helped us to tidy up our rooms and prepare delicious meals. Besides, we want to express thanks to our teachers. They 13 us to bring out the best in ourselves. Also, we shouldn’t forget our classmates. They helped us to keep moving when we wanted to give 14 . With the help of all of them, we could achieve so much in our life. And life is the same. Bitterness is just the outside, 15 the sweetness is the inside. When we think life is not what we expect, we can look to the bright side and will find something nice.
二、短文综合填空
（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）
阅读短文，根据首字母或所给词的适当形式填空，使文章语义通顺。
Electric cars may seem to be a recent invention, but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road t 16 gasoline (汽油) cars. At that time, gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels (燃料), so electric cars were more popular.
When gasoline prices d 17 and new technologies on gasoline cars were developed, electric cars were out of date. Gasoline cars became more popular i 18 .
During the 20th century, gasoline cars got bigger, 19 (heavy) and faster. More and more people had bought gasoline cars. More fuel was needed. So this c 20 more air pollution. When people began to r 21 that there were not enough oil on the earth, they required car 22 (make) to produce more efficient (高效能的) cars.
One method of 23 (solve) the problem was a “hybrid” car, one that ran partly on gasoline and partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s because gasoline prices went up while prices of hybrid cars went down.
An all-electric car uses no gasoline. H 24 , the problem is that electric cars are not suitable for long journeys. Many people are not pleased with it. The government and the car factories are working together to develop safe, cheap and 25 (use) electric cars. When more and more people have these electric cars in the future, a gasoline station may disappear.
（2024·重庆·中考真题）
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。
“Do you get enough sleep ” The answer is probably no if you ask a tired student who is always taking a nap (小睡) on a classroom desk. “I couldn’t get to sleep and experienced a restless night again.” You may often hear such words from an adult. Not having enough 26 is a common problem around the world.
However, sleep is just like food and water to us. 27 of us can live if we don’t sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours. Anything less could be h 28 to our health.
According to a study, sleeping only five hours a night for a week is like having a blood-alcohol (酒精) level of 0.1 percent. That is above the safe driving limit (限制) in most countries. Most people probably wouldn’t take an exam or go to work if they get drunk. But 29 enough sleep, they still do these things. As a result, they 30 in the exams or perform badly at work. What’s worse, doctors and nurses often work long hours. When they are sleepy, they might hurt a patient or even 31 a patient’s death by accident.
32 sleep is so important, many people these days are not getting enough. In a survey, twenty percent say that daytime sleepiness influences their daily work. They feel it hard to pay full attention during the day. However, they don’t seem to care. Some even show off how energetic they can be the next day just with little sleep. It may be time to wake up and 33 the way we think. We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.
（2024·重庆·中考真题）
根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
In the world that we are creating very quickly, we’re going to see more and more things that look like science fiction, and fewer and fewer things that look like jobs. For example, our cars are very quickly going to start driving 34 . That means we’re going to need fewer drivers. At the same time, there might be some new kinds of 35 in the future. Let’s have a look at some of them.
Robots will become more common in our homes and schools, so we’ll need people who know 36 to fix them. These workers will be like robot doctors, finding out what’s wrong with a robot and helping it get better.
Imagine going on vacation to space! In the future, more people might be interested in space travel, so we might need g 37 who can show tourists around the stars and planets.
As AI (人工智能) is developing fast, we’ll need people to check that it works properly. We call these people AI rule keepers. They will make 38 that AI won’t do anything harmful to humans.
School might look different in the future, with lessons designed just for you. Then we’ll need p 39 learning planners. These planners would create special learning plans 40 each student, so that everyone could get what they need to succeed.
These are just a few examples of the jobs we might have in the future. The best way to get ready for these future jobs is to be open to new ideas and never 41 learning. Knowledge will remain important, and problem solving and critical (批判性的) thinking skills will be needed for our future education and work.
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