外研版（2019）必修第三册Unit6 Disaster and hope Using language Grammar 课件（共38张PPT）

(共38张PPT)
1
外研
必修
第三册
ONE
forecast
grab
tsunami
reliable
rescue
emergency
v. 预测，预报
v. 攫取，抓住
n. 海啸
adj. 可信赖的，可靠的
v. 营救，解救
n. 紧急情况，不测事件
Read after the tape and speak out the Chinese immediately.
Using language
Grammar - Ellipsis
Disaster and hope
U N I T
Ellipsis
省略
- Excuse me!
- Yes
- Is this your handbag
- Pardon
- Is this your handbag
- Yes, it is.
- Thank you very much.
这段简短的对话中都省略了哪些词呢？
Watch and Observe
- Excuse me!
- Yes
- Is this your handbag
- Pardon
- Is this your handbag
- Yes, it is.
- Thank you very much.
- (You)
- (I beg your) pardon.
my handbag.
- (I)
Why do we leave them out
Observe and say
Look at the sentences from the reading passage.
a. It's just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines,
as well as one of the deepest.
b. My office is only on the third floor of the building, so quite low.
P861
Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.
c. It's just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines,
as well as one of the deepest lines.
d. My office is only on the third floor of the building, so it is quite
low.
What has been left out in sentences (a) and (b)
“Lines” has been left out in sentence (a),
and “it is” has been left out in sentence (b).
Why does the author leave them out
Possible answer:
The author leaves them out to avoid repeating the word or expression that is too obvious, and to make the sentences more concise (简洁的).
Now let's look for more sentences
with ellipsis in the reading passage.
Ellipsis
1. The average high temperature in July is only 22
degrees, so over 30 is not usual for London.
2. It's just typical that my journey is on one of the
oldest lines, as well as one of the deepest. It's the
hottest on the whole Tube system.
3. It's lovely at the beach, but not so when you're
wearing a suit and in a crowd of passengers!
4. Each summer in London definitely seems hotter
than the last.
Find out what have been left out.
1. The average high temperature in July is only 22
degrees, so over 30 ________ is not usual for London.
2. It's just typical that my journey is on one of the
oldest lines, as well as one of the deepest. It's the
hottest ______ on the whole Tube system.
3. It's lovely at the beach, but ____ not so when you're
wearing a suit and ______ in a crowd of passengers!
4. Each summer in London definitely seems hotter
than the last ________.
degrees
you're
it's
lines
summer
go
Ready
Focus on
基本用法
Ellipsis
定义：为了使语言简洁化、并且为了避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个成分，这种语法现象称为省略（Ellipsis)。
· 简单句中的省略
· 并列句中的省略
· 复合句中的省略
· 其他省略
简单句中的省略
1. 省略主语: 祈使句中的主语通常被省略;
其他省略主语的情况多限于
少数固定的说法。
① (You) Come in, please.
② (I) See you tomorrow.
③ (I) Thank you for your help.
④ (I) Beg your pardon.
2. 省略主语和部分谓语
① (It is) Nice to see you.
② (Are you) Ready
③ (Would you like) Something to drink
④ (You come) This way, please.
3. 省略宾语
① - Do you know Miss Hu
- I don't know (her).
② Tom enjoys dancing, but Peter hates (dancing).
可以省略宾语的全部
② You'd better not take medicine unless your doctor told
you to (take medicine).
② - Has Mike finished his project
- He seems to have (finished his project).
在 to be 或 to have done 结构中，省略时往往保留 be 或 have。
① You don't have to do it if you don't want to (do it).
动词不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时，在后句的动词不定式结构中，常省略与前句重复的 to 后面的内容。
① I am busier now than I used to be (busy).
4. 省略表语
① - Are you thirsty
- Yes, I am (thirsty).
② His brother isn't lazy. Nor is his sister (lazy).
5. 同时省略几个成分
① - Are you feeling better now
- (I'm feeling) Better (now).
② - When did you read the novel
- (I read it) Long ago.
③ Let's meet at the school gate as the
same as (we met) yesterday.
并列句中的省略
① Mike said that he would come to school to see me
the next day, but he didn't (come to school to see
me the next day).
② Lin's father was not at home, but his mother was
(at home).
③ What I said made Jack happy but
(what I said made) Jane angry.
并列句中，后一个分句与前一个分句中相同的成分一般可以省略。
复合句中的省略
1. 主句中的省略
(It's a) Pity you couldn't come.
(1) 主句的省略多见于句首，多用于口语。
- Shall I go to play
- If you like (you can go to play).
(2) 在对话中答句省去整个主句只用从句。
2. 定语从句中的省略
① The book (which/that) I borrowed yesterday
was hers.
关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。
② Who is that man (who/whom) you were
talking to？
3. 宾语从句中的省略
Please pass me one of these books and I don't care which (you pass me).
(1) 由which, when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句，
可全部或部分省去，只保留引导词。
- Do you think it will rain
- I hope (that it will) not (rain).
(2) 在I'm afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等开头
的作答句中，后面跟so与not分别用于肯定或否定宾
语时，宾语从句可省去。
① The boy believes (that) he will travel
through space to other planets.
(3) 宾语从句中常省略that, 但多个宾语从句并列时, 通常
只省略第一个that。
② He said (that) the text was very important
and that we should learn it by heart.
4. 状语从句中的省略
① You don't have to swim if you don't want to
(swim).
(1) 状语从句出现在句末时，一般都可以作句尾省略。
I would have come yesterday (if I had wanted to).
(2) 有时条件从句可以完全省去，只剩下主句。
② You can ask me questions if (there are) any
(questions).
After half an hour, she became quieter (than she had been).
(3) 以as, than引导的比较状语从句可以全部或部分省去。
① When (you are) crossing the road, you'd better
look at both sides.
② Unless (I am) invited I will not go.
③ While (he was) on a walking tour with his wife,
he stopped to talk to a workman.
(4) 状语从句位于句首时，从句的主语如与主句的主语
指同一人或同一事，且从句里动词是be的某种形式时，
这时可省略从句的主语和be动词。
其他省略
1. 不定式符号to的省略
I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.
(1) 并列的不定式可省去后面的to。
① I will help (to) do it for you.
② I will help you (to) do it.
(2) help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号
to可带可不带。
The boy did nothing but play.
(3) 介词but前若有实义动词do，后面不定式不带to。
① I saw the boy fall from the tree.
The boy was seen to fall from the tree.
② The boss made us work 12 hours a day.
We were made to work 12 hours a day.
(4) 某些使役动词 (let, make, have)及感官动词 (see, watch, hear,
notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等) 后面作宾语补足语
的不定式一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须将to复原。
What we can do now is (to) wait.
(5) 主语从句中有实义动词do，后面作表语的不定式的to可带
可不带。
If I were you, I would give it up.
Were I you, I would give it up.
2. 条件从句中有should, were或had时, 可以省略if，
但要将should, were或had提至句首。
3. 一些特殊结构中的省略。
No parking.
(Parking is not allowed here.)
Quiet!
(You should be quiet here.)
(1) signs / labels
Turandot on stage.
(The opera Turandot is being performed on stage.)
(2) newspaper headlines
Best wishes.
(I give you my best wishes.)
(3) postcards / diaries
Opera OK, costumes great.
(The opera was OK, and the costumes were great.)
(4) notes
Read the paragraph and find out what words have
been removed before or after the underlined words.
P86 2
Technology isn't the only way to forecast the weather.
Nature has its ways, too. Unusual animal behaviour, for example, can indicate whether it's cold, wet weather that's on the way or a hot, dry period. If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking more loudly, it may rain. And next time you look up at the sky, don't just look for rain clouds, but also for birds. If they are flying low, grab your umbrella. It is also said that mice and snakes head for safer ground several days before an earthquake, while dogs avoiding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is approaching. Of course, although these things may suggest something bad is going to happen, they won't tell us when and where. So, for accurate and reliable predictions, it's best to check an official, scientific report.
Possible answers:
1. its ways (to
forecast the weather)
2. dry period (that's
on the way)
3. more loudly (than usual)
4. but also (look) for birds
5. when (something bad is
going to happen) and
where (something bad is
going to happen)
^
^
^
^
^
^
CHINA’S RESCUE EFFORTS IN NEPAL
The 8.1-magnitude earthquake that hit Nepal on 25
April 2015, was one of the worst earthquakes in history.
On hearing the news, China was quick to start organising
emergency aid.
International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country. Amongst all the international heavy rescue teams, the China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was the first international heavy rescue team to arrive. Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical staff, but also included earthquake experts. By early May, emergency aid worth 9.7 million US dollars had been donated by China, with a further round of emergency aid to follow.
Remove words from the news report to make it more concise.
P873
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
1. 省略的概念：为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中
的一个或几个句子成分。
2. 省略的情况
(1) 简单句中的省略：① 省略主语 ②省略主语和部分谓语 ③省略宾语 ④省略表语 ⑤同时省略几个成分
(2) 并列句中的省略：并列句中，后一个分句与前一个分句中相同的成分一般可以省略。
(3) 复合句中的省略：①主句中的省略 ②定语从句中的省略 ③宾语从句中的省略 ④状语从句中的省略
(4) 其他省略：①不定式符号to的省略 ② 条件从句中有should, were或had时, 可以省略if，但要将should, were或had提至句首 ③一些特殊结构中的省略
Ⅰ. 实战高考。
[2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷·听力]
M: Helen, busy doing anything
W: Oh, Kevin. I'm preparing a presentation for
the city library. It's about a girl named Tracy
Woods.
___________________________________________
(are you) busy doing anything
1. 找出下面句子的省略部分。
[2021·全国乙卷·短文改错]
That's my view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
_________________________________________________
【解析】
考察省略句。分析题目可知，此处表示 (I) hope this can inspire more thinking on the topic! 故hope应用动词原形形式。故把hopes改为hope。
hopes → hope
2. 短文改错。
Ⅱ. 根据句意和句子结构，在空格处填入适当的单词
或用括号内单词的适当形式填空(每空限一词)。
1. When _________ (ask) about the reason why she
had left the company, she said nothing.
2. If Peter doesn't want to stay in bed, we'd better not
force him _________.
3. I will make a call to you after school. If _________,
you should call me up as soon as possible.
4. Some came by land, and some _________ water.
asked
to
not
by
5. — Is your brother coming back tonight
—I hope _________. I miss him very much.
6. Hundreds of people have been killed in the war and
thousands _________ (make) homeless.
7. Mr Zhang won't attend the party even if _________
(invite).
8. The system keeps crashing and no one is able to
know _________.
9. He fell asleep while _________ (listen) to the music.
10. On one side of the window is a mirror, and on the
other _________ painting.
so
made
invited
why
listening
a
Ⅲ. 根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. — Would you like to go to the concert tomorrow evening
— _______________ (我想去), but I haven't got a ticket.
2. — Will you stay at home tonight
— No, I'm going to see a film, or at least ______________
(我正计划去).
3. — Where is your new necklace, Anna
— ________________ (在我的手提包里).
4. — How are you getting along with your roommate recently
— ________________ (非常好). We often share our dreams
with each other in our spare time.
5. — Jessica may not be free tonight.
— __________ (如果这样的话), we can put the get-together
off until next weekend.
I'd like to
I'm planning to
In my handbag
Pretty/Quite well
If so
Can you use ellipsis correctly
各个击破
Self-evaluation
Finish the exercises in
Learning English.