UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
【语篇填空】
Mankind has managed to create 1. (facility) and vehicles to carry astronauts into the universe. They have launched rockets carrying satellites, helping transmit data back to our earth. Many 2. (intelligence) people around the globe are 3. (determine) to devote themselves to space exploration,even though some fatal space disasters which killed astronauts on board make them 4. (disappoint). Besides, when living in space, the astronauts in the spacecrafts have to recycle dirty water so as to use it later. 5. lack of gravity, their muscles become weak. They have to tape everything up, otherwise it would float around. They also need to figure out a way to store sufficient food and oxygen. However, people's ongoing desire to explore space never 6. (die). China is the third country to send humans into space 7. (independent), which signals a giant leap forward for China. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money on space exploration, 8. is a shallow view. Our planet's resources are limited and will run out in the near future, and as 9. result,we should find a new home to provide resources for future generations. In closing, we should attach great importance to the 10. (solve) mystery about space and carry on with space exploration regularly.
【答案】1.facilities 2.intelligent 3.determined 4.disappointed 5.For 6.dies 7.independently 8.which 9.a 10.unsolved
【核心考点】
重点单词
1.disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的 <变>disappointing adj.令人失望的;扫兴的 disappointment n.失望;灰心;扫兴;令人失望的事或人 disappoint vt.使失望
(2022·北京卷)If researchers can't keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Johnson 警告说,如果研究人员不能兑现承诺,兴奋可能会让位于怀疑、失望和愤怒。
①Though it was a little unexpected, I didn't feel (disappoint) at all when hearing this.
②On the contrary, disappointed his behaviour, I told all this to my best friend.
③(2021·新高考卷)To their disappointment,they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt.(读后续写·心理描写)
→ was that they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt.(主语从句)
→They failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt, .(定语从句)
【答案】①disappointed ②by/at/in/with ③What made them disappointed/What disappointed them; which made them disappointed/which disappointed them
2.desire n.渴望;欲望;渴求 vt.渴望;期望 <变>desirable adj.可取的;值得拥有的
(2023·北京卷)When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. 当我申请研究生院时,我发现有三个项目可以让我遵循我想要的研究方向。
①(2023·北京卷)Instead, all that matters is next quarter's profit, or satisfying some other near-term (desire).
②We all share a common desire pleasure,connection and something that is greater than us.
③Both sides consider it (desire) to further the understanding between the two peoples.
④(2023·全国乙卷)I how to swim, so I signed up for a course.我很想学习游泳,所以我报名参加了一门课程。(话题写作·学习新技能)
【答案】①desires ②for ③desirable ④had a strong desire to learn
3.signal n.信号;标志 vt.& vi.发信号;示意;标明;标志着
(2022·全国乙卷)With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.凭借预见未来的能力,它们可以提前告知会出现的任何问题,这样快速行驶的列车就能及时进行反应。
①The policeman signaled the driver (stop) his car by raising his hand.
②He stood up, (signal) to the police officer that he had finished talking with his client.
③The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning (signal) that we really have changed our planet.
④I ran up to the car, took him by the arm and .我跑向汽车,拉住他的胳膊,示意他跟我走。(读后续写·动作描写)
【答案】①to stop ②signaling ③signals ④signalled him to follow me
4.lack vt.缺乏;没有 n.缺乏;短缺的东西 <变>lacking adj.缺少的;缺乏的
(2022·浙江卷)A lack of trust can make people work against you rather than for you.缺乏信任会让人们与你作对,而不是帮助你。
①Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness lack of proper treatment.
②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and lack of exercise.
③In some parts of the world, people would . Therefore, it's high time that measures should be taken to save food.在世界上的某些地方,人们会因缺乏食物而饿死。因此,是时候采取措施节约粮食了。(倡议书)
④ , Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.由于缺乏自信和经验,Jane完全不知道该如何应对这种糟糕的情况。(读后续写·心理描写)
【答案】①for ②a ③starve to death for lack of food ④For lack of/Lacking (in) confidence and experience
5.argue vi.& vt.讨论;争论;说服;辩论;主张 <变>argument n.争论;争辩;论点
<近>discuss,debate
(2022·浙江1月卷)In this book, he argues that as we seek to escape pain or sorrow, we're weakening ourselves and may lose our adaptability to deal with pain in the future. 在这本书中,他认为当我们试图逃避痛苦或悲伤时,我们正在削弱自己,未来我们可能失去应对痛苦的能力。
①(五育·德育)He often argues his son recycling water so as to cut down the water bill effectively.
②They finally managed to argue him taking exercise on a regular basis.
③(2022·全国乙卷)Based on the above chart,65% of the students while 18% of the students by reading English classics.根据上面的图表可知,65%的学生赞成听英文歌曲,而18%的学生主张他们可以通过阅读英文名著提高他们的英语水平。(图表写作)
【答案】①with; over/about ②into ③argue for enjoying English songs; argue that they can have their English level improved
6.attach vt.& vi.附加;缚上;系上;贴上;使依恋;连接 <变>attached adj.附属的;附加的;依恋的 attachment n.附件;附属物;依恋
(牛津词典)I've never seen two people so attached to each other.我从未见过两个人如此形影不离。
①My parents always attach great importance my getting a good education.
②Please find my application letter and resume in the (attach).
③She found a box lying on the table with a card (attach) to it, saying “Happy birthday”.
④He is attached to the network games so that he often plays truant(逃课).
→ ,he often plays truant.(过去分词短语作状语)
【答案】①to ②attachment ③attached ④Attached to the network games
短语句式
7.run out (某物)用完;耗尽
(China Daily)Even if they ran out of what they had brought, these volunteers still stayed in Zhuozhou until the floodwaters recede, offering help wherever it is needed.即使他们带来的东西用完了,这些志愿者仍然留在涿州,在任何需要的地方提供帮助,直到洪水退去。
①The moment we ran a cute wild rabbit,we rode our horses and ran it in excitement.
②If they run out certain daily necessities,Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed.
③(2022·新高考卷)David's ,but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids, he continued to advance towards the finishing line,bathed in sweat. David的体力消耗殆尽,但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时,他满身大汗,继续朝着终点线前进。(读后续写·动作描写)
【答案】①across/into;after ②of ③energy was running out/giving out/being used up
8.动词-ing形式作主语
(P44)Firstly,exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.首先,太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。
①Having a large variety of plants in a garden also (help) to protect against possible crop diseases and future crises.
② (expose) to the sunlight too long will do harm to one's skin.
③It is no good (set) vague goals—you will not know whether or not you have really achieved them.
④ made my heart in my mouth,but I knew that it was no use feeling frightened.我在森林里迷路了,心都提到了嗓子眼,但是我知道害怕是没有用的。(读后续写·心理描写)
【答案】①helps ②Being exposed/Exposure ③setting ④Being lost in the forest/Losing my way in the forest
【梯级训练】
基础达标练
语境辨析练
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
2.Clubs need more help from the regulars to attract new members.
3.If we adopt new approaches, there may be a leap in profits.
【答案】1.监视;监控 2.常客 3.剧增
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.otherwise
A.adv.在其他方面 B.adv.否则;不然
C.adv.除此以外
①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy.
②(2022·浙江1月卷)I guess you should be there early, otherwise you won't get a seat.
③All the photographs in this book, unless stated, otherwise, date from the 1950s.
【答案】①A ②B ③C
2.current
A.adj.现在的;当前的 B.adj.流通的
C.n.气流 D.n.潮流 E.n.电流
①(2022·浙江1月卷)With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating current, which soon became the major forms of power delivery.
②The current money in China is renminbi.
③We should try our best to go with the current of the times.
④It seems improbable that the current situation will continue.
⑤I felt a current of cool air blowing in my face when I opened the window.
【答案】①E ②B ③D ④A ⑤C
考点强化练
1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go culture and time.
2.(2022·全国乙卷)The more (regular) they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved.
3.(2022·新高考卷)As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong (determine).
4.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)We prefer to describe emotional (intelligent) as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.
5.(China Daily)The (close) ceremony of the Chengdu FISU World University Games on Tuesday night was held not in a stadium, but in a park.
6.Over the last few decades, the Arctic has heated up two to three times (fast) than the rest of the planet.
7.Our planet's resources are (limit),and as result,we should find a new home to provide the ever increasing population.
【答案】1.beyond 2.regularly 3.determination 4.intelligence 5.closing 6.faster 7.limited;a;for
写作衔接练
活动报道·太空探索的相关讨论
1.最近,我们班就太空是否值得探索进行了激烈的讨论。(be worth doing;whether引导宾语从句)
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2.少数学生认为这不值得,他们认为探索太空是在浪费钱。(argue; it作形式主语;动词-ing形式作状语)
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3.但我们中的大多数认为,从长远来看,太空探索不会让我们失望。(disappoint)
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4.我们可以发射卫星,用于通讯和天气预报。(launch;satellite)
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5.此外,它还能帮助人们认识到世界上的资源是有限的,甚至找到解决方法。(limited; resource)
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6.最后,为了给人们当前和未来的问题提供新的更好的解决方案,探索太空应该继续。(in closing;so as to;current;动词-ing形式作主语)
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1.Recently, our class had a heated discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
2.The minority of students think it is not worthwhile, arguing that it is a waste of money exploring the space.
3.But the majority of us think space exploration won't disappoint us in the long term.
4.We can launch satellites for communication and weather forecast.
5.What's more, it also helps people realize the world's limited resources and even to find solutions.
6.In closing,exploring space should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's current and future problems.
心理描写·宽慰与温暖
Ⅰ.素材积累
单词 comfort/comforting; warm/warmth; relieve/relief/relieved; unburdened; grateful; touching; moving; heartwarming
短语 breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气 to one's relief 令某人欣慰的是 a feeling of warmth 温暖的感觉 relieve anxiety 减轻焦虑 a relieved smile 如释重负的笑容 feel a weight lifted off one's shoulders 如释重负 put one's mind at ease 使某人放心或安心
句子 ①Tom finally got in the car, and a mixed feeling of warmth and relief came to my heart. Tom终于上车了,一种温暖和宽慰交织的感觉涌上我的心头。 ②Relieved, she went home with a weight lifted off her shoulders. 她松了口气,如释重负地回家了。 ③They looked at each other, and felt a wave of relief went through them. 他们看着彼此,心中感到一阵宽慰。 ④Wrapped in a cozy blanket by the fireplace, I felt a sense of contentment and comfort, as if everything in the moment was just right. 我盖着舒适的毯子,坐在壁炉边,感到满足和舒适,仿佛此刻一切都恰到好处。
Ⅱ.刻意训练
1.根据提示完成句子
①经过数周的焦虑和担忧,电话中终于传来了好消息。(名词短语)
After , the phone call finally came with good news.
②当我听着另一端的声音时,我松了一口气。(breathe)
As I listened to the voice on the other end, I .
③就好像肩上的重担被卸下了,我终于可以放松了。(过去完成时的被动语态)
It was as if , and I could finally relax.
④我脸上掠过一丝如释重负的微笑。(名词短语)
crossed my face.
⑤知道我的健康状况良好我就放心了,现在我可以带着新的感激和希望继续前进了。(ease)
Knowing that my health was okay , and I could now focus on moving forward with a renewed sense of gratitude and hope.
【答案】①weeks of anxiety and worry ②breathed a sigh of relief ③a weight had been lifted off my shoulders
④A relieved smile ⑤put my mind at ease
2.连句成篇并背诵成文
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
After weeks of anxiety and worry, the phone call finally came with good news. As I listened to the voice on the other end, I breathed a sigh of relief. It was as if a weight had been lifted off my shoulders, and I could finally relax. Besides, a relieved smile crossed my face. Knowing that my health was okay put my mind at ease, and I could now focus on moving forward with a renewed sense of gratitude and hope.UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
【语篇填空】
Mankind has managed to create 1. (facility) and vehicles to carry astronauts into the universe. They have launched rockets carrying satellites, helping transmit data back to our earth. Many 2. (intelligence) people around the globe are 3. (determine) to devote themselves to space exploration,even though some fatal space disasters which killed astronauts on board make them 4. (disappoint). Besides, when living in space, the astronauts in the spacecrafts have to recycle dirty water so as to use it later. 5. lack of gravity, their muscles become weak. They have to tape everything up, otherwise it would float around. They also need to figure out a way to store sufficient food and oxygen. However, people's ongoing desire to explore space never 6. (die). China is the third country to send humans into space 7. (independent), which signals a giant leap forward for China. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money on space exploration, 8. is a shallow view. Our planet's resources are limited and will run out in the near future, and as 9. result,we should find a new home to provide resources for future generations. In closing, we should attach great importance to the 10. (solve) mystery about space and carry on with space exploration regularly.
【核心考点】
重点单词
1.disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的 <变>disappointing adj.令人失望的;扫兴的 disappointment n.失望;灰心;扫兴;令人失望的事或人 disappoint vt.使失望
(2022·北京卷)If researchers can't keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Johnson 警告说,如果研究人员不能兑现承诺,兴奋可能会让位于怀疑、失望和愤怒。
①Though it was a little unexpected, I didn't feel (disappoint) at all when hearing this.
②On the contrary, disappointed his behaviour, I told all this to my best friend.
③(2021·新高考卷)To their disappointment,they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt.(读后续写·心理描写)
→ was that they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt.(主语从句)
→They failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt, .(定语从句)
2.desire n.渴望;欲望;渴求 vt.渴望;期望 <变>desirable adj.可取的;值得拥有的
(2023·北京卷)When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. 当我申请研究生院时,我发现有三个项目可以让我遵循我想要的研究方向。
①(2023·北京卷)Instead, all that matters is next quarter's profit, or satisfying some other near-term (desire).
②We all share a common desire pleasure,connection and something that is greater than us.
③Both sides consider it (desire) to further the understanding between the two peoples.
④(2023·全国乙卷)I how to swim, so I signed up for a course.我很想学习游泳,所以我报名参加了一门课程。(话题写作·学习新技能)
3.signal n.信号;标志 vt.& vi.发信号;示意;标明;标志着
(2022·全国乙卷)With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.凭借预见未来的能力,它们可以提前告知会出现的任何问题,这样快速行驶的列车就能及时进行反应。
①The policeman signaled the driver (stop) his car by raising his hand.
②He stood up, (signal) to the police officer that he had finished talking with his client.
③The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning (signal) that we really have changed our planet.
④I ran up to the car, took him by the arm and .我跑向汽车,拉住他的胳膊,示意他跟我走。(读后续写·动作描写)
4.lack vt.缺乏;没有 n.缺乏;短缺的东西 <变>lacking adj.缺少的;缺乏的
(2022·浙江卷)A lack of trust can make people work against you rather than for you.缺乏信任会让人们与你作对,而不是帮助你。
①Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness lack of proper treatment.
②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and lack of exercise.
③In some parts of the world, people would . Therefore, it's high time that measures should be taken to save food.在世界上的某些地方,人们会因缺乏食物而饿死。因此,是时候采取措施节约粮食了。(倡议书)
④ , Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.由于缺乏自信和经验,Jane完全不知道该如何应对这种糟糕的情况。(读后续写·心理描写)
5.argue vi.& vt.讨论;争论;说服;辩论;主张 <变>argument n.争论;争辩;论点
<近>discuss,debate
(2022·浙江1月卷)In this book, he argues that as we seek to escape pain or sorrow, we're weakening ourselves and may lose our adaptability to deal with pain in the future. 在这本书中,他认为当我们试图逃避痛苦或悲伤时,我们正在削弱自己,未来我们可能失去应对痛苦的能力。
①(五育·德育)He often argues his son recycling water so as to cut down the water bill effectively.
②They finally managed to argue him taking exercise on a regular basis.
③(2022·全国乙卷)Based on the above chart,65% of the students while 18% of the students by reading English classics.根据上面的图表可知,65%的学生赞成听英文歌曲,而18%的学生主张他们可以通过阅读英文名著提高他们的英语水平。(图表写作)
6.attach vt.& vi.附加;缚上;系上;贴上;使依恋;连接 <变>attached adj.附属的;附加的;依恋的 attachment n.附件;附属物;依恋
(牛津词典)I've never seen two people so attached to each other.我从未见过两个人如此形影不离。
①My parents always attach great importance my getting a good education.
②Please find my application letter and resume in the (attach).
③She found a box lying on the table with a card (attach) to it, saying “Happy birthday”.
④He is attached to the network games so that he often plays truant(逃课).
→ ,he often plays truant.(过去分词短语作状语)
短语句式
7.run out (某物)用完;耗尽
(China Daily)Even if they ran out of what they had brought, these volunteers still stayed in Zhuozhou until the floodwaters recede, offering help wherever it is needed.即使他们带来的东西用完了,这些志愿者仍然留在涿州,在任何需要的地方提供帮助,直到洪水退去。
①The moment we ran a cute wild rabbit,we rode our horses and ran it in excitement.
②If they run out certain daily necessities,Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed.
③(2022·新高考卷)David's ,but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids, he continued to advance towards the finishing line,bathed in sweat. David的体力消耗殆尽,但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时,他满身大汗,继续朝着终点线前进。(读后续写·动作描写)
8.动词-ing形式作主语
(P44)Firstly,exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.首先,太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。
①Having a large variety of plants in a garden also (help) to protect against possible crop diseases and future crises.
② (expose) to the sunlight too long will do harm to one's skin.
③It is no good (set) vague goals—you will not know whether or not you have really achieved them.
④ made my heart in my mouth,but I knew that it was no use feeling frightened.我在森林里迷路了,心都提到了嗓子眼,但是我知道害怕是没有用的。(读后续写·心理描写)
【梯级训练】
基础达标练
语境辨析练
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
2.Clubs need more help from the regulars to attract new members.
3.If we adopt new approaches, there may be a leap in profits.
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.otherwise
A.adv.在其他方面 B.adv.否则;不然
C.adv.除此以外
①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy.
②(2022·浙江1月卷)I guess you should be there early, otherwise you won't get a seat.
③All the photographs in this book, unless stated, otherwise, date from the 1950s.
2.current
A.adj.现在的;当前的 B.adj.流通的
C.n.气流 D.n.潮流 E.n.电流
①(2022·浙江1月卷)With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating current, which soon became the major forms of power delivery.
②The current money in China is renminbi.
③We should try our best to go with the current of the times.
④It seems improbable that the current situation will continue.
⑤I felt a current of cool air blowing in my face when I opened the window.
考点强化练
1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go culture and time.
2.(2022·全国乙卷)The more (regular) they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved.
3.(2022·新高考卷)As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong (determine).
4.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)We prefer to describe emotional (intelligent) as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.
5.(China Daily)The (close) ceremony of the Chengdu FISU World University Games on Tuesday night was held not in a stadium, but in a park.
6.Over the last few decades, the Arctic has heated up two to three times (fast) than the rest of the planet.
7.Our planet's resources are (limit),and as result,we should find a new home to provide the ever increasing population.
写作衔接练
活动报道·太空探索的相关讨论
1.最近,我们班就太空是否值得探索进行了激烈的讨论。(be worth doing;whether引导宾语从句)
______________________________________________________________________________
2.少数学生认为这不值得,他们认为探索太空是在浪费钱。(argue; it作形式主语;动词-ing形式作状语)
______________________________________________________________________________
3.但我们中的大多数认为,从长远来看,太空探索不会让我们失望。(disappoint)
______________________________________________________________________________
4.我们可以发射卫星,用于通讯和天气预报。(launch;satellite)
______________________________________________________________________________
5.此外,它还能帮助人们认识到世界上的资源是有限的,甚至找到解决方法。(limited; resource)
______________________________________________________________________________
6.最后,为了给人们当前和未来的问题提供新的更好的解决方案,探索太空应该继续。(in closing;so as to;current;动词-ing形式作主语)
______________________________________________________________________________
心理描写·宽慰与温暖
Ⅰ.素材积累
单词 comfort/comforting; warm/warmth; relieve/relief/relieved; unburdened; grateful; touching; moving; heartwarming
短语 breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气 to one's relief 令某人欣慰的是 a feeling of warmth 温暖的感觉 relieve anxiety 减轻焦虑 a relieved smile 如释重负的笑容 feel a weight lifted off one's shoulders 如释重负 put one's mind at ease 使某人放心或安心
句子 ①Tom finally got in the car, and a mixed feeling of warmth and relief came to my heart. Tom终于上车了,一种温暖和宽慰交织的感觉涌上我的心头。 ②Relieved, she went home with a weight lifted off her shoulders. 她松了口气,如释重负地回家了。 ③They looked at each other, and felt a wave of relief went through them. 他们看着彼此,心中感到一阵宽慰。 ④Wrapped in a cozy blanket by the fireplace, I felt a sense of contentment and comfort, as if everything in the moment was just right. 我盖着舒适的毯子,坐在壁炉边,感到满足和舒适,仿佛此刻一切都恰到好处。
Ⅱ.刻意训练
1.根据提示完成句子
①经过数周的焦虑和担忧,电话中终于传来了好消息。(名词短语)
After , the phone call finally came with good news.
②当我听着另一端的声音时,我松了一口气。(breathe)
As I listened to the voice on the other end, I .
③就好像肩上的重担被卸下了,我终于可以放松了。(过去完成时的被动语态)
It was as if , and I could finally relax.
④我脸上掠过一丝如释重负的微笑。(名词短语)
crossed my face.
⑤知道我的健康状况良好我就放心了,现在我可以带着新的感激和希望继续前进了。(ease)
Knowing that my health was okay , and I could now focus on moving forward with a renewed sense of gratitude and hope.
2.连句成篇并背诵成文
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________(共45张PPT)
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
语篇填空·一文练透
核心考点·精讲精练
梯级训练·循序渐进
语篇填空·一文练透
Mankind has managed to create 1._________（facility） and vehicles to carry
astronauts into the universe. They have launched rockets carrying satellites，
helping transmit data back to our earth. Many 2.__________（intelligence）
people around the globe are 3.___________（determine） to devote themselves to
space exploration，even though some fatal space disasters which killed astronauts
on board make them 4.____________（disappoint）. Besides， when living in
space， the astronauts in the spacecrafts have to recycle dirty water so as to use
it later. 5._____ lack of gravity， their muscles become weak. They have to tape
everything up， otherwise it would float around. They also need to figure out a
way to store sufficient food and oxygen. However， people's ongoing desire to
facilities
intelligent
determined
disappointed
For
explore space never 6._____（die）. China is the third country to send humans into
space 7._____________（independent）， which signals a giant leap forward for
China. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money on space
exploration， 8._______ is a shallow view. Our planet's resources are limited and
will run out in the near future， and as 9.___ result，we should find a new
home to provide resources for future generations. In closing， we should attach
great importance to the 10._________（solve） mystery about space and carry on
with space exploration regularly.
dies
independently
which
a
unsolved
核心考点·精讲精练
1.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的 〈变〉disappointing adj.令人失望的；扫兴的 disappointment n.失望；灰心；扫兴；令人失望的事或人 disappoint vt.使失望
（2022·北京卷）If researchers can't keep their promises， excitement might give
way to doubt， disappointment and anger， Johnson warns. Johnson 警告说，如
果研究人员不能兑现承诺，兴奋可能会让位于怀疑、失望和愤怒。
①Though it was a little unexpected， I didn't feel ____________（disappoint） at
all when hearing this.
②On the contrary， disappointed ____________ his behaviour， I told all this to
my best friend.
disappointed
by/at/in/with
③（2021·新高考卷）To their disappointment，they failed to cook a Mother's Day
breakfast at the first attempt.（读后续写·心理描写）
→_________________________________________________was that they failed to
cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt.（主语从句）
→They failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt，
__________________________________________________.（定语从句）
What made them disappointed/What disappointed them
which made them disappointed/which disappointed them
2.desire n.渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.渴望；期望 〈变〉desirable adj.可取的；值得拥有的
（2023·北京卷）When I applied to graduate school， I found three programmes
promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. 当我申请研究生院
时，我发现有三个项目可以让我遵循我想要的研究方向。
①（2023·北京卷）Instead， all that matters is next quarter's profit，or satisfying
some other near-term _______（desire）.
②We all share a common desire____pleasure，connection and something that is
greater than us.
③Both sides consider it_________（desire）to further the understanding between
the two peoples.
desires
for
desirable
④（2023·全国乙卷）I __________________________how to swim，so I signed up
for a course.我很想学习游泳，所以我报名参加了一门课程。（话题写作·学习新技能）
had a strong desire to learn
3.signal n.信号；标志 vt.&vi.发信号；示意；标明；标志着
（2022·全国乙卷）With their ability to see ahead， they could signal any problem，
so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.凭借预见未来的能力，它
们可以提前告知会出现的任何问题，这样快速行驶的列车就能及时进行反应。
①The policeman signaled the driver________（stop） his car by raising his hand.
②He stood up，_________（signal） to the police officer that he had finished
talking with his client.
③The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning_______
（signal） that we really have changed our planet.
④I ran up to the car， took him by the arm and _________________________.我
跑向汽车，拉住他的胳膊，示意他跟我走。（读后续写·动作描写）
to stop
signaling
signals
signalled him to follow me
4.lack vt.缺乏；没有 n.缺乏；短缺的东西 〈变〉lacking adj.缺少的；缺乏的
（2022·浙江卷）A lack of trust can make people work against you rather than for
you.缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。
①Later，he worked in Africa， where many people suffered from blindness
____ lack of proper treatment.
②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and ___ lack of
exercise.
for
a
③In some parts of the world，people would _____________________________.
Therefore，it's high time that measures should be taken to save food.在世界上的某
些地方，人们会因缺乏食物而饿死。因此，是时候采取措施节约粮食了。（倡议书）
starve to death for lack of food
④________________________________________________， Jane was quite at a
loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.由于缺乏自信和经验，Jane完全不
知道该如何应对这种糟糕的情况。（读后续写·心理描写）
For lack of/Lacking （in） confidence and experience
5.argue vi.&vt.讨论；争论；说服；辩论；主张 〈变〉argument n.争论；争辩；论点 〈近〉discuss，debate
（2022·浙江1月卷）In this book， he argues that as we seek to escape pain or
sorrow， we're weakening ourselves and may lose our adaptability to deal with
pain in the future. 在这本书中，他认为当我们试图逃避痛苦或悲伤时，我们正在削
弱自己，未来我们可能失去应对痛苦的能力。
①（五育·德育）He often argues _____ his son __________ recycling water so as
to cut down the water bill effectively.
②They finally managed to argue him_____taking exercise on a regular basis.
with
over/about
into
③（2022·全国乙卷）Based on the above chart，65% of the students
______________________________while 18% of the students
________________________________________________by reading English classics.
根据上面的图表可知，65%的学生赞成听英文歌曲，而18%的学生主张他们可以通过
阅读英文名著提高他们的英语水平。（图表写作）
argue for enjoying English songs
argue that they can have their English level improved
6.attach vt.&vi.附加；缚上；系上；贴上；使依恋；连接 〈变〉attached adj.附属的；附加的；依恋的 attachment n.附件；附属物；依恋
（牛津词典）I've never seen two people so attached to each other.我从未见过两个
人如此形影不离。
①My parents always attach great importance ___ my getting a good education．
②Please find my application letter and resume in the __________（attach）．
③She found a box lying on the table with a card ________（attach） to it，
saying “Happy birthday”.
to
attachment
attached
④He is attached to the network games so that he often plays truant（逃课）.
→_____________________________，he often plays truant.（过去分词短语作状语）
Attached to the network games
7.run out （某物）用完；耗尽
（China Daily）Even if they ran out of what they had brought， these volunteers
still stayed in Zhuozhou until the floodwaters recede， offering help wherever it is
needed.即使他们带来的东西用完了，这些志愿者仍然留在涿州，在任何需要的地方
提供帮助，直到洪水退去。
①The moment we ran__________a cute wild rabbit，we rode our horses and
ran_____ it in excitement.
②If they run out___certain daily necessities，Wilson will drive to the nearest store
and purchase what's needed.
across/into
after
of
③（2022·新高考卷）David's ____________________________________________，
but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids， he continued to advance
towards the finishing line，bathed in sweat. David的体力消耗殆尽，但当他听到其
他孩子的欢呼声时，他满身大汗，继续朝着终点线前进。（读后续写·动作描写）
energy was running out/giving out/being used up
8.动词-ing形式作主语
（P44）Firstly，exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against
world hunger.首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。
①Having a large variety of plants in a garden also ______（help） to protect
against possible crop diseases and future crises.
②______________________（expose） to the sunlight too long will do harm to
one's skin.
③It is no good _______（set） vague goals—you will not know whether or not
you have really achieved them.
helps
Being exposed/Exposure
setting
④_______________________________________________made my heart in my
mouth，but I knew that it was no use feeling frightened.我在森林里迷路了，心都
提到了嗓子眼，但是我知道害怕是没有用的。（读后续写·心理描写）
Being lost in the forest/Losing my way in the forest
梯级训练·循序渐进
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the
information we consume is monitored and tracked， a printed book still offers the
chance of a wholly private， “off-line” activity.____________
监视；监控
2.Clubs need more help from the regulars to attract new members.______
3.If we adopt new approaches， there may be a leap in profits.______
常客
剧增
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.otherwise
A.adv.在其他方面 B.adv.否则；不然
#b#
C.adv.除此以外
①（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged
between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy.___
②（2022·浙江1月卷）I guess you should be there early， otherwise you won't get
a seat.___
③All the photographs in this book， unless stated， otherwise， date from the
1950s.___
A
B
C
2.current
A.adj.现在的；当前的 B.adj.流通的
#b#
C.n.气流 D.n.潮流 E.n.电流
①（2022·浙江1月卷）With help from Tesla， Westinghouse's firm developed a
system using alternating current， which soon became the major forms of power
delivery.___
E
②The current money in China is renminbi.___
③We should try our best to go with the current of the times.___
④It seems improbable that the current situation will continue.___
⑤I felt a current of cool air blowing in my face when I opened the window.___
B
D
A
C
1.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）In artists' representations of books and reading， we see
moments of shared humanity that go________ culture and time.
2.（2022·全国乙卷）The more _________（regular） they can be inspected， the
more railway safety， reliability and on-time performance will be improved.
beyond
regularly
3.（2022·新高考卷）As a special education teacher at the school， I was familiar
with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong_____________
（determine）.
determination
4.（2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）We prefer to describe emotional ___________（intelligent） as
a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.
intelligence
5.（China Daily）The _______（close） ceremony of the Chengdu FISU World
University Games on Tuesday night was held not in a stadium， but in a park.
6.Over the last few decades， the Arctic has heated up two to three times ______
（fast） than the rest of the planet.
7.Our planet's resources are_______（limit），and as___result，we should find a
new home to provide ____the ever increasing population.
closing
faster
limited
a
for
活动报道·太空探索的相关讨论
1.最近，我们班就太空是否值得探索进行了激烈的讨论。（be worth doing；whether引导宾语从句）
________________________________________________________________________
Recently, our class had a heated discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
2.少数学生认为这不值得，他们认为探索太空是在浪费钱。（argue； it作形式主语；动词-ing形式作状语）
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________
The minority of students think it is not worthwhile, arguing that it is a waste of money exploring the space.
3.但我们中的大多数认为，从长远来看，太空探索不会让我们失望。（disappoint）
_________________________________________________________________________
But the majority of us think space exploration won't disappoint us in the long term.
4.我们可以发射卫星，用于通讯和天气预报。（launch；satellite）
__________________________________________________________
We can launch satellites for communication and weather forecast.
5.此外，它还能帮助人们认识到世界上的资源是有限的，甚至找到解决方法。（limited； resource）
_________________________________________________________________________
______________
What's more, it also helps people realize the world's limited resources and even to find solutions.
6.最后，为了给人们当前和未来的问题提供新的更好的解决方案，探索太空应该继续。（in closing；so as to；current；动词-ing形式作主语）
_________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
In closing，exploring space should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's current and future problems.
心理描写·宽慰与温暖
Ⅰ.素材积累
单词 comfort/comforting； warm/warmth； relieve/relief/relieved； unburdened； grateful； touching； moving； heartwarming
短语 breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口 气 #b# to one's relief 令某人欣慰的是 #b# a feeling of warmth 温暖的感觉 #b# relieve anxiety 减轻焦虑 a relieved smile 如释重负的笑容
#b#
feel a weight lifted off one's
shoulders 如释重负
#b#
put one's mind at ease 使某人放心或
安心
句子 ①Tom finally got in the car， and a mixed feeling of warmth and
relief came to my heart. Tom终于上车了，一种温暖和宽慰交织的感觉
涌上我的心头。
#b#
②Relieved， she went home with a weight lifted off her shoulders.
她松了口气，如释重负地回家了。
续表
句子 ③They looked at each other， and felt a wave of relief went through
them. 他们看着彼此，心中感到一阵宽慰。
#b#
④Wrapped in a cozy blanket by the fireplace， I felt a sense of
contentment and comfort， as if everything in the moment was just
right. 我盖着舒适的毯子，坐在壁炉边，感到满足和舒适，仿佛此刻一切
都恰到好处。
续表
Ⅱ.刻意训练
1.根据提示完成句子
①经过数周的焦虑和担忧，电话中终于传来了好消息。（名词短语）
After__________________________， the phone call finally came with good news.
weeks of anxiety and worry
②当我听着另一端的声音时，我松了一口气。（breathe）
As I listened to the voice on the other end， I_______________________.
breathed a sigh of relief
③就好像肩上的重担被卸下了，我终于可以放松了。（过去完成时的被动语态）
It was as if______________________________________， and I could finally relax.
a weight had been lifted off my shoulders
④我脸上掠过一丝如释重负的微笑。（名词短语）
________________crossed my face.
A relieved smile
⑤知道我的健康状况良好我就放心了，现在我可以带着新的感激和希望继续前进了。
（ease）
Knowing that my health was okay____________________， and I could now focus
on moving forward with a renewed sense of gratitude and hope.
put my mind at ease
2.连句成篇并背诵成文
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
After weeks of anxiety and worry, the phone call finally came with good news.
As I listened to the voice on the other end, I breathed a sigh of relief. It was as
if a weight had been lifted off my shoulders, and I could finally relax. Besides, a
relieved smile crossed my face. Knowing that my health was okay put my mind at
ease, and I could now focus on moving forward with a renewed sense of gratitude
and hope.
