专题09 过去进行时【弯道超车】暑假新八年级英语 语法知识点讲解+例题精炼（牛津译林版）

专题09 过去进行时
知识点讲解
概念：
①过去某个时间正在发生的动作
e.g. He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。
②过去某段时间正在发生的动作
e.g. I was staying here from March to May last year. 去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。
动词形式：was/were +现在分词
句子结构：
肯定句 主语(sb.) + was/were + v.-ing(doing)+其它.
否定句 主语(sb.) + was/were + not + v.-ing(doing)+其它.
一般疑问句 Was/Were +主语+v.-ing(doing)+其它？
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 +was/were + 主语 +v.-ing(doing)+其它？
e.g. 肯定句 He was cooking at six last night.
否定句 He was not cooking at six last night.
一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night'？
肯定回答：Yes,he was./ 否定回答：No, he wasn't.
特殊疑问句 What was he doing at six last night？
时间状语：①过去的时间点(at+具体时刻/time/moment)：at nine last night 在昨晚9点，at that time= at that moment 在那时，at this time yesterday 在昨天的这个时候，
②过去的时间段(时间段+过去的时间)：all night,all the morning,from...to...yesterday
③ when/while引导的时间状从： when the teacher came in/while he was reading
Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。
Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。
Jim came in while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。
四、现在分词（v-ing）的构成：
类别 构成方法 例词
一般情况 +ing go-going
以不发音的字母e结尾的单词 去掉e，再+ing take -taking
以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写这个辅音字母，再+ing get-getting stop--stopping
五、过去进行时的用法：
表示过去某个时刻或时刻正在进行且尚未结束的动作。
I was traveling last year./ I was doing my homework at 9 last night.
表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事
常与come/go/leave/start/arrive等表示位置移动的词连用。
He told me (that) he was going soon. 他告诉我他很快就要走了。
表示过去反复性或习惯性的动作，常常带有说话人的某种感彩。
常与频率副词连用，如always /frequently /constantlay...
Lucy was alway changing her mind./My mother was always working like that.
用于故事的开头，交代故事发生的背景。
One night, he was watching TV. Suddenly, a man broke into his room and cut off the electricity...
六、易错区分：
1、过去进行时与一般过去时区别
过去进行时 一般过去时
基本用法 表示在过去的某一时刻或某一时间正在进行的动作。 过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态。
结构形式 主语+was/were +V-ing 形式 主语+动词过去式
时间状语 at7yesterday, at that time, this time last night 等；when 与while 引导的时间状语从句。 yesterday, last week, in 1993, once, before, a few days ago 等。
区别 表示一个过去正在进行而可能尚未完成的动作。 表示过去已经完成的动作。
过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作，而一般过去时则表示一个完整的动作。
e.g.They were writing letters to their friends last night.昨晚他们在写信给他们的朋友。
（没有说明信是否写完）
e.g.They wrote letters to their friends last night. 他们昨晚写了信给他们的朋友。
（表达了他们已写好的意思，整个写的过程已完成。）
He watched TV last night（过去时间 last night)
He was watching TV at nine last night. （过去时间 last night+点时间 at nine，用过去进行时）
2、when 和while 的区别
(一)用when 引导的时间状语从句来表达，这时主句常用过去进行时，when 引导的从句用一般过去时
(1)when 既指时间点，也可指一段时间；所以 when 引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是瞬间性动词，也可以是延续性动词；when 引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时，而主句用过去进行时，而且可以相互转换。
(2)while 只表示一段时间，而while 从句中的动词必须是延续性动词，常用进行时态
延续性动词和非延续动词
(1)延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，如：leam,work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait，watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等。(和时间段连用)
(2)非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如：open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy 等。(和时间点连用)
1.It was snowing when we arrived there = While it was snowing, we arrived there.
2.She was sleeping when I called her.=While she was sleeping, I called her.
3. They were having a party when it began to rain.
= It began to rain while they were having a party.
(二)如果强调从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时，则多用 while 引导从句。
They were singing while we were dancing.
Tom was doing his homework while his father was watching TV.
例题精炼
一、单项选择
1．At noon, I took a photo of some swans while they ________ on the lake.
A．dance B．are dancing C．danced D．were dancing
2．— What were you doing when it ________to rain
— We ________in the field.
A．started; worked B．was starting; worked
C．was starting; were working D．started; were working
3．—Where is your father Is he cleaning the car
—No, but he ________ it the whole morning.
A．cleaned B．was cleaning C．is cleaning D．cleans
4．—Did you teach those exchange students to learn Chinese this morning
—Oh, no! I ________ a report.
A．wrote B．was writing C．am writing D．would write
5．—You look tired!
—I ________ the World Cup all night. You know I’m a football fan.
A．watch B．was watching
C．will watch D．am watching
6．They knew that the rescue team to accident scene tomorrow through the current report.
A．is coming B．will come C．was coming D．came
7．---How did the accident happen
---You know, it ________ difficult to see the road clearly because it _________.
A．was; was raining B．is; has rained
C．is; is raining D．will be; will rain
8．—Did you meet Mr. Smith
—Yes. When I arrived, he ______ for New York to attend a press conference.
A．was just leaving B．just left C．just leaves D．had just left
9．—What were you doing when Tony phoned you
—I had just finished my work and to take a shower.
A．had started B．started
C．have started D．was starting
10．The fog was so heavy on the road that I could hardly see where I ________.
A．had gone B．went C．was going D．go
二、单词拼写
11．Mom was (准备) for dinner at this time yesterday.
12．The boys (not play) football at that time yesterday.
13．They (watch) a World Cup football match on TV at 3:00 a.m. this morning.
14．As all the doctors (check) the boy, his pain got worse.
15．—Hong Yuanyuan, I didn’t see your sister this afternoon.
—She (practise) the whole afternoon to prepare for the dancing competition.
16．They arrived while we (have) a tea party in our garden.
17．Ann (pick) apples on the farm at this time yesterday.
18．Alice was sitting with her sister by the river and her sister (read) a book.
19．Neil was alone in a chair in the corner of the room when the phone rang.
20．Why didn’t the Smiths come to the party yesterday They (wait) for a long distance call at home.
21．He (always ring) me up and I couldn’t focus on my study.
22．Unfortunately, when I (drop) in, Dr. Anderson (leave). So, we only had time for a few words.
23．He told me he (leave)for Shanghai the next day.
三、完成句子
24．昨天你打电话的时候, 我在洗淋浴。
When you called me yesterday, I a shower at that time.
25．Jim was learning English at 9 o’clock last Sunday morning. （画线提问）
was Jim at 9 o’clock last Sunday morning
26．女孩们正在交谈，她们没有注意到汽车。
The girls were talking and they were not to the car.
27．They were flying kites in the park last Saturday.（对划线部分提问）
kites last Saturday
28．那天晚上风刮得正猛烈。（完成译句）
The wind was at that night.
29．当他过海关的时候，他把那只稀有的鸟藏在了他裤子上的一个特别的口袋里。
When he was , he .
30．昨天我打电话给Tom时，他正在为比赛做准备。
Tom the competition when I called him yesterday.
31．不好意思，你敲门的时候，我正在网上查阅春运开始的时间。(look)
Sorry, I the Spring Festival travel rush times when you knocked at the door.
32．昨天老师走进教室的时候，我们正在读书。
We when our teacher came into the classroom yesterday.
33．以前老师很喜欢他，因为他总帮助别人。
The teacher liked him very much, for he others.
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参考答案：
1．D
2．D
3．B
4．B
5．B
6．C
7．A
8．A
9．D
10．C
11．preparing
12．weren’t playing
13．were watching
14．were checking
15．was practising
16．were having
17．was picking
18．was reading
19．sitting
20．were waiting
21．was always ringing
22． dropped was leaving
23．was leaving
24．was taking
25． What doing
26． paying attention
27．Where were they flying
28． blowing strongly/hard
29． going through the customs hid the rare bird in a special pocket in his trousers/hid the rare bird inside a special pocket in his trousers
30． was making preparations for
31．was looking up
32．were reading books
33．was always helping
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