2016年译林版选修六unit 4 helping people around the world Grammar and usage虚拟语气课件（共67张PPT）

课件67张PPT。Unit 4
Helping people around the world
Grammar and usageUnreal conditionsRevisionwould / could /
might / should
+动词原形(do)1. 如果现在不下雨的话, 我们就出去野餐了。 If it_____ not raining, we ________ for a picnic.
2. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 If he _____ here, he ________ able to help you. wereshould gocamemight be3. 如果我是你的话, 我就会带走他们。
If I ____ you, I__________ them away. werewould takeUnreal conditionswould / could /
might / should
+ have done1. 要是当初她被邀请的话, 她就会参加这次聚会了。 She ______________ to the party if she ______________.
2. 今天早上，她要是不叫我的话，我就会睡过头了。
If she ___________ me, I __________ ________ this morning. would have gonehad been invitedhadn’t calledoversleptwould have3. 如果你上个学期用功些, 你就会在考试中过关了。 If you __________ harder last term, you _______________ exam.had studiedcould have passedUnreal conditionswould / could /
might / should
+动词原形(do)如果你成功，一切就好了。 If you _________, everything would be all right. If you _____________, everything would be all right. If you _____________, everything would be all right.succeededshould succeedwere to succeed2. 明年我要是二十岁，我就会学计算机课程。 If I _________ twenty years old next year, I __________ the course of computer science. were to bewould take1. 如果你昨天问他, 你现在就知道怎么办。 If you _________ him yesterday, you __________ what to do now.
2. 如果昨晚下雨，今天会很冷。
If it _________ last night, it _________ very cold today. had askedwould knowhad rainedwould beComplete the following sentences.3. 如果我是你, 我就不会错过昨天晚上的那部电影。
If I ____ you, I ___________________ the film last night．werewouldn’t have missedNote: When the main clause is about the present and the if clause refers back to the past, or vice versa, we use mixed conditionals. If you were older, I ___ you to go there yesterday.
A. will allow B. should allow
C. would have allowed D. had allowed If he __ to the teacher attentively, he __ the answer to the problem now.
A. had listened, would have known
B. listened, would know
C. listened, would have known
D. had listened, would know1. 我很忙，否则我可帮助你。 I am busy now, otherwise I ________ you the favor.
2. 要不是你的劝告, 我是不会做这份工作的。
But for your advice, I ____________ able to do this work．would dowould not beComplete the following sentences.Note: In implied conditionals, we use otherwise, or, and phrases beginning with with, without and but for in place of if-clauses. 3. 要不是你，我不会认识他。 Without you, I ________________ him.would never knowHe was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.
A. would come B. came
C. would have come D. had come
Without electricity human life ___ quite different today.
A. is B. will be
C. would have been D. would beI would have come earlier, but I ___ that you were waiting for me.
A. didn’t know B. hadn’t know
C. would have known D. haven’t known Note: We can put should, were, and had at the beginning of an unreal conditional sentence. In this case , if is not needed any more.1. If they were here now, they could help us.
Were they here now, they could help us.
2. If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
Had you come earlier, you would have met him.Complete the following by omitting if. 3. If it should rain, the crops would be saved.　
Should it rain, the crops would be saved.1. My cat wouldn’t have bitten the toy fish ___ it was made of rubber.?A) if she has known B) if she knew?C) she should have know D) had she known?D2. ___ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.?A) Not being B) Had it not been?C) Without being D) Not having been?B3. ____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.?A) Had they arrived B) Would they arrive?C) Were they arriving D) Were they to arrive?D4. ____ right now, she would get there on Sunday.?A) Would she leave B) If she leave?C) Were she to leave C) If she had left?C5. Had he worked harder, he __ the exams.?A) must have got through B) would have got through?C) would get though D) could get through?B6. ___ to do the work, I should do it
some other day.A. If were I　 B. I were　
C. Were I D. Was IC在suggest (建议), recommend (推荐), advise (劝告), propose (建议), insist (坚持), consent (允诺), decide (决定), order (命令), request (要求), demand (要求), desire (期望), ask (要求)后的宾语从句中谓语动词用should +动词原形。should 可省略。Subjunctive Mood in Noun Clause1. I suggested that it __________ quicker to travel by train. (be)
2. He insisted that we __________ him the news. (tell)(should) be(should) tellSubjunctive Mood in Noun Clause3. He ordered that the students
____________ the clothes every week
by themselves. (wash)
4. She recommended that we
____________ giving offense. (avoid)(should) wash(should) avoid5. He insisted that all of us _________ there on time by any means. (be)
6. The teacher suggested that we ____________ the blackboard after class. (clean)(should) be(should) clean7. I demand that John __________ there at once. (go)
8. We are all for your proposal that the discussion __________ put off．(be)(should) be(should) goJane’s uncle insisted ___ in this hotel any longer.
A. not staying B. not to stay
C. that he not stay D. staying notSubjunctive Mood in Noun ClauseThe secretary suggested that they __ the men in at once.
A. had brought B. should have brought
C. brought D. bringThe Jade Emperor ordered that the Monkey King ____ right away.
A. would be arrested B. must be arrested
C. be arrested D. had to be arrested I recommended that the student ___ his
composition as soon as possible.
A. finishing writing
B. should finish the writing
C. finish writing
D. finished writing 当insist表示“坚持认为”、suggest表示“表明,暗示”时, 其后的从句中不用虚拟语气。例如: 　　
1. I suggest that we ___________ a meeting next week.
2. Your pale face suggests that you ___ ill.(should) holdareAttention4. He insisted that he __________ sent there.
5. He insisted that he ___ honest.
6. She insisted that he ____________ anything.hadn’t stolenwas(should) be在It is necessary / natural / strange / important + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。
It is necessary that we _____________ a walk now. (have)(should) have2. It was necessary that we ____________ everything ready ahead of time. (make)
3. It is required that nobody _____________ here. (smoke)(should) smoke(should) make在It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形, should 可省略。
1. It’s a pity that you ____________ to
go so soon. (have)(should) have在由for fear that, in case, lest 等引导的状语从句中,用 “ should + 动词原形” 表示 “惟恐”的意思.
He handled the instrument with care for fear that it __________ damaged. (be)(should) beIt is required that you ____ at six.
A. will arrive B. arrive
C. arrived D. would arrive
It is really strange that the girl ___ so early.
A. has been married B. has married
C. be married D. would marry It is strange that such a thing ___ in your school.
A. will happen B. happens
C. should happen D. happened
It is important that I ___ with Mr. Williams immediately.
A. speak B. spoke
C. will speak D. to speak1. He pretends as if he __________ the thing at all, but in fact he knows it very well. 他假装好象完全不懂那事, 其实他对那事非常了解。didn’t knowUnreal situations introduced by even if, as if, as though, if only, what if.2. The old man looked at the picture, he felt as though he ________ back to time 20 years ago. 那老人看着照片, 他觉得仿佛回到20年前的时光。
3. They talked and talked as if they _______________ again. 他们谈了又谈, 仿佛他们不会再相见的样子。had gonewould never meet4. He orders me about as if I ____ his wife. 他对我指东指西的，就好像我是他的妻子似的。
5. He talks about Rome as though he ________ there himself. 他谈论起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。werehad been6. He behaves as if he ______ the place. 他的所作所为好像他是这个地方的主人。
owned1. 我要是听取妈妈的建议就好了。 If only I _________ mother’s advice.
2. 我要是能讲几种外语就好了。 If only I __________ several foreign languages.had takencould speakUnreal situations introduced by even if, as if, as though, if only, what if.3. 要是母亲给我许多金钱就好了。 If only my mother ___________ me a lot of money.
4. 要是他明天不来怎么办？ What if he _____________ to my help tomorrow?shouldn’t comewere to give5. 要是他们成功做了这实验怎么办？ What if they ________ the experiment successfully?
6. 要是我现在不知道答案怎么办？ What if I ___________ the answer now?had donedidn’t knowIf only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.
A. had known B. would know
C. should know D. knew Unreal situations introduced by even if, as if, as though, if only, what ifHe spoke in a quiet, distinct voice, as though his thought _____.
A. was far away B. had been far away
C. were far away D. went far away. I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he ___ everything.
knew B. knows
C. has known D. had known
What if he____ the secret yesterday ?
knew B. had known
C. know D. knows用于wish, would rather后面的从句，表
示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太
可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形
式为：Unreal situations after wish and would rather.1) 从句动作先于主句动词动作时：(had + 过去分词)
2) 从句动作与主句动作同时发生时：(过去时, be为were）
3) 从句动作后于主句动词动作时，(would/could +动词原形)　I wish I ____ as tall as you.　
我希望和你一样高。
He wished he _________ that.
他希望他没讲那样的话。
I wish it _________ tomorrow.
我希望明天下雨就好了。werehadn’t saidwould rainI wish I ____ able to tell him all about it last night.
A. was B. were C. had been D. should be
How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worse.
A. had tried B. hadn’t tried
C. have tried D. didn’t tryI’d rather you ___ right away.
A. leave B. left
C. will leave D. to leave
It’s high time that we ___ to school.
A. would to B. went
C. go D. will go Let’s do Ex A and B!Answers to A:
1._____________ 2.______________
3._____________ 4.______________
5._____________ 6.______________
7._____________ 8.______________had not studiedwould not behad studiedwould haveknewwould becould helpwould not beAnswers to B:
1.__________ 2.___________
3.__________ 4.___________
5.__________ 6.___________
WithoutwishsuggestIf onlyas ifotherwiseLanguage pointsif only和only if
▲ if only是if的一种强调形式，用来
引导真实或非真实条件从句，也可以单
独用，“如果/只要……(就) ……”，“如
果……就好了”。
e.g. If only it clears up, we’ll go.
只要天放晴，我们就走。☆ 有时把if和only分开用。如：
If she would only come! 但愿她能来。
▲ only if是用only来强调一个if从句，表达一种惟一条件，意为“只有……(才……)。
e.g. I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了我才会醒。I told him he would succeed only if he
tried hard.
我告诉他只有努力才能成功。
☆ only if 也可分开用。如：
I will only come home if you come
with me.
= I will come home only if you come
with me.☆ only if在句首时，主句要倒装。
e.g. Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school.
我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。Review what you have learnt by doing some exercises.
Preview “Task”.HomeworkThank you！