Unit 8 A green world
Comic strip&Welcome to the unit
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出相应的单词和短语
1.OK.I’ll go with you. I like digging (挖)in the garden.
2.Are you serious(认真的)
3.We can reduce(减少) air pollution by riding bicycles.
4.We can protect(保护) the environment(环境) by recycling(回收利用) waste.
5.We can save energy(节约能源) by turning off the lights when we leave a room.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成下列句子
1.我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间来节约用水。
We can save water by taking shorter showers.
2.我爸爸过去开车送我去上学,但现在我们乘地铁。
My dad used to drive me to school,but now we take the underground.
3.八年级一班的学生正在谈论过绿色生活的方式。
The Class 1,Grade 8 students are talking about ways to live a green life.
4.并且我们应当记得在离开房间时要关灯。
And we should remember to turn off the lights when we leave a room.
5.八年级一班的学生正忙着讨论地球的问题并准备报告。
The Class 1,Grade 8 students are busy discussing the Earth’s problems and preparing a presentation.
【考点1】be good for对……有好处
【语境·感悟】
*Trees are good for us.树对我们有好处。
*Milk is good for children.
牛奶对儿童有益。
*Sports are good for people’s health.
运动有益于人们的身体健康。
【考点·归纳】be good for的用法
be good for意为“对……有益处”,其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
【拓展延伸】与good搭配的短语
【语用·迁移】
①选词填空(for/to/with)。
Miss Liu is good to her students and they love Miss Liu very much.
②So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.
③She is good with her students.
(C)④Don’t spend too much time playing computer games.It’s not good ______your eyes.
A.with B.to C.for
【考点2】be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
【语境·感悟】
*The Class 1,Grade 8 students are busy discussing the Earth’s problems and preparing a presentation.八年级一班的学生正忙着讨论地球的问题并准备报告。
*Susan is busy cleaning her bedroom.
苏珊正忙着打扫她的卧室。
*We’re busy with study for the test.
我们忙于考试复习。
【考点·归纳】be busy doing sth.的用法
be busy doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”其后接动词-ing形式作宾语。
【拓展延伸】busy的常见用法
【语用·迁移】
①He was so busy preparing(prepare) for the high school entrance exam that he had no time to do sports every day.
②On weekends Mrs Smith is busy with her children.(改为同义句)
On weekends Mrs Smith is busy looking after her children.
③他太忙了以至于没有时间与我们游览公园。
He’s so busy that he has no time to visit the park with us.
【考点3】turn off关上(开关)
【语境·感悟】
*We can save energy by turning off the lights when we leave a room.
我们可以通过离开房间时关灯来节约能源。
*Quick, turn off the gas and the milk will boil over.快把煤气关掉,牛奶要溢出来了。
*The light is on; please go and turn it off.
灯还亮着,去把它关了。
【考点·归纳】turn off的用法
turn off意为“关闭”,用于关闭各种电器、自来水、煤气等,代词作宾语要置于turn 与off之间,其反义短语为turn on。
【拓展延伸】与turn有关的短语
【语用·迁移】
①Please turn off(turn on/turn off) the water when you brush your teeth.
②在飞机起飞和降落期间,请关闭你们的手机。
Turn off your mobile phone during the plane take off and landing,please.
【考点4】more and more越来越……
【语境·感悟】
*More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution.越来越多的家庭有了小汽车,这导致了严重的空气污染。
*He’s becoming fatter and fatter now.
他变得越来越胖了。
*She felt herself becoming more and more nervous.她感觉自己越来越紧张了。
【考点·归纳】比较级+and+比较级的用法
(1)more and more+多音节(部分双音节)形容词/副词,比较级+and+比较级……;表示“越来越……”。表示“越来越……”是形容词比较级的一种用法。
She looks more and more beautiful.
她看起来越来越漂亮了。
China has developed more and more quickly.
中国发展得越来越快。
(2)more也是形容词many 或much的比较级。后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。
There are more and more students in our school.我们学校的学生越来越多了。
【语用·迁移】
①我们国家变得越来越强大,因此我们很自豪。
Our country is getting stronger and stronger, so we are proud of it.
②据报道工作的妻子的数目正变得越来越多。
It is reported that the number of working wives is becoming larger and larger(large).
(B)③—______ foreigners come to visit the Great Wall.
—That’s true.It is the pride of China.
A.Many and many
B.More and more
C.Fewer and fewer
Ⅰ.选用框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
reduce, serious, turn off, used to, be good for,dig
1.His father is suffering from a serious illness.
2.To reduce air pollution, we’d better ride more or walk often instead of driving.
3.We should turn off the lights on time when we leave the classroom every day.
4.Helen’s uncle used to take a bus to his office, but now he walks there.
5.Reading more books is good for us, and we can learn more about the world.
6.Some children are digging a hole on the ground now.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Susan’s mother is busy cooking(cook)in the kitchen.
2.The boy has been keeping diaries (diary) in English for many years.
3.Teenagers should be encouraged to make their own decision(decide).
4.Language changes with the development (develop) of society.
5.Yuan Longping’s death(die) made the whole country sad.Unit 8 A green world
Task & Self-assessment
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出相应的单词和短语
1.Here are some simple(简单的) steps to take.
2.Save power(节约用电).
3.More tips(更多的建议) for a green lifestyle.
4.Do more exercise(多做锻炼)and watch less TV.
5.We shouldn’t use plastic (塑料) bags.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成下列句子
1.如果可能的话,重复使用水。
Reuse water if possible.
2.当你不用电视或电脑时关上电源。
Turn off the power when your TV or computer is not in use.
3.遵循这几个小步骤,地球会因你有很大改变!
Follow these small steps, and you can make a big difference to the Earth!
4.此外,对我们来说,养成绿色环保的生活方式很重要。
Moreover, it is important for us to develop a green lifestyle.
5.循环利用物品也是有助于减少污染的好方法。
Recycling is also a good way to help reduce pollution.
【考点1】in order to为了做……
【语境·感悟】
*ln order to save power, we should turn off the lights when we leave a room.
为了节约用电,我们应当在离开房间时关灯。
*In order to catch the early bus, he had to get up early.为了赶上早班车,他不得不早起。
*In order not to wake up the baby, she went in quietly.为了不弄醒孩子,她悄悄地走进来。
【考点·归纳】in order to的用法
(1)in order to意为“为了……”,其后接动词原形,表示目的,在句中作目的状语。在句中可置于句首或句尾。
(2)in order to不定式短语通常可以改为 in order that的目的状语从句。
I have to work hard in order that I can pass the exam.
为了能通过考试,我不得不刻苦学习。
【语用·迁移】
①为了赶上早班公交车,我们不得不停止等候他们。
In order to catch the early bus, we had to stop waiting for them.
②出发前,记得给我打个电话,以便我知道什么时间来接你。
Remember to give me a call before you set off in order that I can know when to pick you up.
【考点2】instead adv.代替;顶替
【语境·感悟】
*Instead, we should take our own bags when shopping.取而代之的是,我们应当在购物时带着自己的袋子。
*He can’t come now, so John will come instead.
他现在不能来了,约翰来替他。
【考点·归纳】instead的用法
副词instead意为“代替;顶替”, 只能单独使用,在句中修饰全句作状语;常置于句尾。
【拓展延伸】
instead of介词短语相当于in place of,意为“代替;而不是”,后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式、介词短语等形式作宾语。
Shall we have fish instead of meat today
我们今天吃鱼不吃肉好吗
You can take me with you instead of him.
你可以带我去,而不是带他去。
They went to the park this morning on foot instead of by bus.
今天早上他们是步行去公园的,而不是乘公共汽车。
【语用·迁移】
①选词填空(instead/instead of)。
There’s no rice today, but we can have noodles instead of rice.
②(2019·天津中考)奶奶喜欢缝制衣服而不是去服装店里买。
Grandmother likes making clothes instead of buying them in the shops.
(B)③We planned to walk up the Great Wall for the weekend, but because of the heavy rain we had to stay at home _________.
A.however B.instead C.really
【考点3】so that以便
【语境·感悟】
*We should separate waste into different groups so that it can be recycled.我们应当把垃圾分成不同的类别以便能够循环利用。
*We’ll keep studying hard so that we may pass the final exam.
我们会一直努力学习以便能通过期末考试。
*We’ll sit nearer to the front so that we can hear better.我们坐得靠前一点,以便我们能听得更清楚一点。
【考点·归纳】so that的用法
so that引导目的状语从句,用以补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的。从句中的谓语行为动词,常与may,might,can,could,should,would等情态动词构成复合谓语,so that连接的从句通常置于主句之后。
【语用·迁移】
①他记下电话号码以免忘记。
He writes down the telephone number so that he can’t forget it.
(A)②(2019·广东中考)We should take care of the earth ______we can make a better world to live in.
A.so that B.until C.even if
【考点4】It’s adj. for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事……
【语境·感悟】
*Moreover, it is important for us to develop a green lifestyle.此外,对我们来说,养成绿色环保的生活方式很重要。
*It will be all right for him to go to school.
他去上学是不会有问题的。
*It’s very easy for me to do so.
这样做对我来说太容易了。
【考点·归纳】
It’s adj. for sb. to do sth.的用法
(1)it在句中是形式主语,而真正的主语是句子后部分的不定式(短语)即 “to do sth.”。如果要强调不定式动作的执行者,就在不定式前面加逻辑主语for sb.。
(2)在此句型中,形容词只对不定式行为者——人或物、动作的行为特征作某种描述,而不涉及其性格、品格、品德等,这类形容词有:useful, difficult, hard, easy, important, wrong, lucky, interesting, dangerous, necessary等。
【拓展延伸】It be+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.
It be+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.句型也表示对某人来说做某事如何(怎么样)。
(1)of结构中的形容词用来表示逻辑主语——人物的性格特征、道德品质等,句中常用的形容词:good,kind,nice,clever,careful, polite, friendly, wrong, bad...。
It’s very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)你能帮助我,真好。
(2)这两种结构的主要区别在于句型中的形容词是修饰什么的,如果用来修饰句中的人,就用of, 其他则用for。
【语用·迁移】
①对我们来说学习一门外语是非常重要的。(It’s...to...)
It’s very important for us to learn a foreign language.
②选词填空(of/for)。
It is important for people to learn good manners.
③It’s nice of you to come here for our party.(改写同义句)
You are nice to come here for our party.
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.My grandpa is used(use) to getting up early.
2.If more time is given(give), I will do it better.
3.We are going to(go) have(have) fun learning spoken English.
4.Our Chinese teacher often makes(make) us write(write) compositions.
5.The computer should be put(put) away when it’s not in use.
6.She came back home early in order to see(see) her parents.
7.Chinese culture is different(difference) from that of America’s.
Ⅱ.用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
if possible, develop a green lifestyle, make a lot of mistakes, check, not only...but also, as a result, thousands of, in use
1.You should spend as much time as you can checking your paper.
2.She is not only a good teacher, but also a good headmaster.
3.It’s good for us to develop a green lifestyle.
4.Be more careful; you’ve made a lot of mistakes.
5.Every summer, thousands of visitors come to Lianyungang for fun.
6.We should do everything we can to reduce the pollution if possible.
7.As a result, they got to the railway station in time.
8.The new airport will be in use in one month.
【话题剖析】
本单元的话题是环保问题。本话题主要介绍了生活中各种污染问题以及人们保护环境的一些做法。利用本话题可以写成说明文、议论文和记叙文等不同文体。
【素材积累】
词汇积累
1.污染 (n.) pollution
2.污染 (v.) pollute
3.严重的 serious
4.垃圾 rubbish/litter
5.导致 produce
6.有害的 harmful
7.废物 waste
8.塑料 plastic
9.环境 environment
10.减少 reduce
短语积累
1.关闭 turn off
2.用完 run out
3.对……有害 do harm to
4.起作用 make a difference
5.扔掉 throw away
6.扫除;打扫 clean up
句子积累
1.保护环境,人人有责。
Protection of the environment is everyone’s responsibility.
2.许多河流和湖泊受到严重污染。
Many rivers and lakes are seriously polluted.
3.爱护和保护环境是每个人的责任。
It’s everyone’s duty to love and protect the environment.
4.我们不应该往地上扔垃圾。
We should not throw litter onto the ground.
5.如果人人都为保护环境做出贡献,世界将变得更加美丽。
If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
6.保持环境干净和整洁。我们只有一个地球,应该尽全力保护它,使我们的家园越来越美丽。
Keep the environment clean and tidy.We have only one earth.We should try our best to protect it and make our home more and more beautiful.
【实战演练】
你校学生会将在6月5日“世界环境日(World Environment Day)”举行关于 “环境保护”的英语征文比赛,要求大家踊跃投稿。请你以“Environmental Protection” 为题,结合下列要点,完成一篇90词左右的文章。
要点:
1.污染是目前世界上最严峻的问题之一。
2.水污染……
3.空气污染……
4.采取的措施……
5.作为青少年,在日常生活中我们应该……
注意:
1.短文必须包括所给要点,要求语句通顺,意思连贯;
2.第5点必须用二至三句话展开合理想象。
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
审题谋篇
(1)时态:使用一般现在时;被动语态
(2)人称:使用第三人称和第一人称
(3)模板
妙笔成篇
Environmental Protection
Pollution is one of the most serious problems in the world now.
Rubbish is often thrown into the rivers and lakes in many places, so they are polluted.Air pollution is harmful to people’s health.Pollution has made a great difference to our lives.Our government has taken action to protect the environment.People are encouraged to save water, reduce pollution and live a green life.
It’s our duty to protect our environment.As middle school students, we don’t allow throwing away rubbish everywhere.We have to keep our environment clean.
In our daily life, we teenagers shouldn’t leave taps running.We can take our own bags when shopping.Unit 8 A green world
Integrated skills & Study skills
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出相应的单词
1.Trees also help keep soil(土壤) in place during storms.
2.Daniel and I did a survey(调查) this Wednesday.
3.They will form (形成) over thousands or even millions of years.
4.We should try to produce less waste, reuse(再使用) or recycle things if possible.
5.Coal(煤), oil (石油) and natural gas(气体) are not only useful for families, but have a wider use for factories.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成下列句子
1.空气污染对我们的健康有害。
Air pollution is harmful to our health.
2.污染在全世界已经变成了一个严重的问题。
Pollution has become a serious problem all around the world.
3.我们应当尽最大努力保护环境。
We should try our best to protect the environment.
4.其他的(资源)像煤炭、石油和天然气,它们是从地下被挖掘出来的。
Others like coal, oil and natural gas are dug up from the ground.
5.如果它们被满不在乎地使用和浪费掉,它们中的一些资源最终将会被耗尽。
If they are used and thrown away carelessly, finally some of them will run out.
【考点1】be harmful to对……有害
【语境·感悟】
*Air pollution is harmful to our health.
空气污染对我们的健康有害。
*The chemicals are harmful to the environment.这些化学制品对环境有害。
*Reading in a dim light can be harmful to the eyes.在昏暗的灯光下看书对眼睛有害。
【考点·归纳】be harmful to的用法
(1)be harmful to相当于do harm to,意为“对……有害”,介词to后接人或物作宾语。
(2)be harmful to sb./sth.=do harm to sb./sth.,两者区别:前者表示某种状态,而后者表示某种动作,其中harmful是名词harm的形容词。
Too much rain is harmful to the crops.
=Too much rain does harm to the crops.
降雨过多对农作物有害。
【语用·迁移】
①使用太多的塑料制品对我们的环境有害。
Using too many plastic products is harmful to our environment.
②Reading in bed will do harm to your eyes.(改写同义句)
Reading in bed will be harmful to your eyes.
(C)③A little wine will not be ________to your health.Just don’t think too much.
A.helpful B.harmless C.harmful
【考点2】not only...but (also)...不仅……而且……
【语境·感悟】
*Coal, oil and natural gas are not only useful for families, but have a wider use for factories.煤炭、石油和天然气不仅对家庭有用,而且还在工厂中有着更广泛的用途。
*She is not only our teacher, but also our friend.
她不仅是我们的老师,而且是我们的朋友。
*We should study not only Chinese well, but also English.
我们不仅要学好汉语, 而且要学好英语。
【考点·归纳】not only...but also...的用法
(1)not only...but also...,意为“不仅……而且……”。
它通常用来连接两个并列的成分,既可连接两个并列的主语,又可连接两个并列的谓语、宾语、表语、状语等,所强调的重点是后面的内容。
(2)在连接并列主语时,句子谓语动词的数应遵循就近原则,即应和but(also)后的名词或者代词的数保持一致。
Not only he but also you are wrong.
不但他错了,而且你也错了。
【语用·迁移】
①我们不仅在课上讲英语,而且在课后讲。
We speak English not only in class,but after class.
(C)②A break between classes is a good time for students to play sports and talk with their classmates.So it ______helps with students’ health, ______improves their social skills.
A.either; or B.both; and C.not only; but also
③他不仅是一名演员也是一名歌手。
He is not only an actor but also a singer.
【考点3】as a result结果;因此
【语境·感悟】
*As a result, it is very important for us to use them wisely.
因此,我们要明智地利用它们,这一点很重要。
*I missed the first bus.As a result, I was late for school.我错过了首班公共汽车。结果,我上学迟到了。
*I was caught in the heavy rain on my way home.As a result, I had a bad cold.
我在回家的路上遇到大雨。结果,我得了重感冒。
【考点·归纳】as a result的用法
as a result意为“结果;因此”,表示某种情况或行为带来的后果,通常单独使用。在句中作状语,通常放在句首或句中,且用逗号与后面的句子隔开。
【语用·迁移】
①英语演讲比赛展现了她最优秀的一面。结果,她现在更活跃了。
The English Speech Competition brought out the best in her. As a result, she is more active now.
②They didn’t go to school yesterday as a result of(由于) the heavy snow.
=They didn’t go to school yesterday because of(因为) the heavy snow.
【考点4】carelessly adv. 满不在乎地;粗心地
【语境·感悟】
*If they are used and thrown away carelessly, finally some of them will run out.
如果它们被满不在乎地使用和浪费掉,它们中的一些资源最终将会被耗尽。
*Don’t always do your homework carelessly.
你不要总是马马虎虎地做作业。
*Some people throw away cigarette ends carelessly.
一些人随手扔掉烟头。
【考点·归纳】构词法:形容词+ly→副词
(1)形容词+后缀ly变成副词,例如:quick→quickly, careful→carefully, quiet→quietly
(2)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词变副词时须要将y改为i后,再加ly变成副词,例如:easy→easily, heavy→heavily
(3)以“辅音字母+e”结尾的形容词,须直接加“ly”,例如:sure→surely, wide→widely, complete→completely
(4)形容词以“le”结尾,要去掉字母“e”,再加“y”,例如:simple→simply, terrible→terribly,probable→probably, enjoyable→enjoyably
(5)不是所有以“ly”结尾的词都是副词,例如:lively adj.生动的,活泼的;friendly友好的;lonely孤独的;lovely可爱的;likely可能的
【语用·迁移】
①They played carelessly(careless), and they deserved to lose.
(A)②The pizza looks _________.It is my favorite.
A.lovely B.sweetly C.softly
【考点5】take action采取行动
【语境·感悟】
*It is time for us to take proper action to protect our environment.到了我们采取适当的行动来保护环境的时候了。
*We must take action to prevent it.
我们必须采取行动阻止它。
*The doctors are taking action to save the patient.医生们正在采取措施挽救这位患者。
【考点·归纳】take action的用法
take action/steps意为“采取措施”,其后接不定式作目的状语,即 take action/steps to do sth.采取措施做某事。
【语用·迁移】
①政府已经采取了措施来阻止污染。
The government has taken action/steps to stop pollution.
②(2019·临沂中考)世界上大约有6 000种语言在使用,但其中43%正在消失。如果不采取行动,这些语言中的一些将会消失。
There are about 6,000 languages that are spoken around the world, but 43% of them are dying out.If no action is taken, some of these languages will disappear.
Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.It’s impossible for us to finish (finish) the work in an hour.
2.Drivers will be fined (fine) if they park their cars on Renmin Road in Suzhou.
3.Trees can help us keep the air clean (clean).
4.Rubbish will not be thrown(not throw) into lakes and rivers carelessly from now on.
5.Children should be taught to spend their free time wisely (wise).
6.I’m trying to find out if there are any other ways to help (help) the birds.
7.People depend on natural (nature) resources to live.
Ⅱ.用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
protect,hold,plant,not only...but also,turn off,harm
1.Are trees going to be planted by the students tomorrow
2.The concert will be held by them in the theatre tomorrow evening.
3.Smoking too much is harmful to your health.
4.After turning off the TV, he went out to play games with his friends.
5.It’s time for us to take steps to protect our environment now.
6.Not only his children but also his wife was invited to the party yesterday. Unit 8 A green world
Reading(2)
【考点】sound like听起来像
【语境·感悟】
*That sounds like a good idea.
这听起来是个好主意。
*It sounds like a true story.
这听起来倒像一个真实的故事。
*That sounds like a lot of fun.
它听起来好像很有趣。
【考点·归纳】sound like的用法
(1)sound like意为“听起来像”,其后往往接名词或介词短语作表语,这里sound是连系动词。
(2)与sound类似的连系动词smell, taste, look, feel也与介词like搭配构成短语。
smell like 闻起来像;taste like品尝起来像;look like看起来像;feel like感觉像。
【语用·迁移】
(B)①—What about going to Hainan for the summer holiday
—Oh, it ______like a great place for a relaxing holiday.
A.smells B.sounds C.looks
(A)②That sounds______.
A.good B.well C.wonderfully
Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.There are many differences (different) between American English and British English.
2.We are not allowed to cut(cut) down trees.
3.I learned about an organization for recycling (recycle) clothes.
4.He is much richer (rich) than me.
5.Don’t worry about it.We should decide on it wisely (wise).
Ⅱ.单项选择
(B)1.(2023·北部湾中考模拟题) —My family will go on a trip to Beijing this summer, but we haven’t decided ______.
—Why not take the high-speed railway
A.when to leave
B.how to get there
C.which hotel to choose
(C)2.(2023·北部湾中考模拟题) My cousin keeps two pets.One is a lovely cat and ______is a beautiful bird.
A.other B.another C.the other
(B)3.(2023·钦州中考模拟题) China Panda Train from Chengdu to Zunyi ______to use on March 28.2021.
A.is put B.was put C.will be put
(C)4.(2023·北海中考模拟题) —May I use your cell phone I left ______at home.
—Sure.Here you are.
A.ours B.yours C.mine
(A)5.(2023·南宁中考模拟题)I think ______children learn to look after themselves, ______it is for their future.
A.the earlier; the better
B.the earliest; the best
C.the early; the goodUnit 8 A green world
【微阅读】
环保是生活中人类面临的最大问题之一。要解决这一问题,必须提高认识和觉悟,从日常生活中的小事做起,从我做起,从现在做起。例如,废物的回收利用,少用塑料袋等。
Bruce collected the papers
And Mort tied them with string①
Jason helped Bruce carry the papers
All the way to the recycling bins②
Clive collected the cans③
And Dean washed them all clean
Ruby helped Clive carry the cans
All the way to the recycling bins
When we recycle, we help the plants
We help the creatures④, from eagles to ants
We help make the world a healthier place
For one and for all in the human race
Bruce收集报纸
Mort用绳子把它们捆起来
Jason帮助 Bruce扛着报纸
一路去了可回收垃圾箱
Clive收集易拉罐
Dean把它们都清洗干净
Ruby帮助Clive带着易拉罐
一路去了可回收垃圾箱
当我们回收利用时,
我们保护了植物,我们保护了动物,从老鹰到蚂蚁
我们使世界成为更健康的地方
为了个人和我们全人类
词海拾贝
①string n.绳子
②bin n.箱
③can n.(盛食品或饮料的)金属罐
④creature n.生物;动物Unit 8 A green world
Grammar
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出相应的单词和短语
1.More and more living (活着的) things are killed by pollution.
2.Ways about how to protect(关于保护……的方法) the environment will be discussed at the show.
3.As well as(不仅) people, animals are harmed(受到伤害) by pollution.
4.This makes people ill, and more people will be hurt in the future if it is not cleaned up(不被清理).
5.All of us will have a chance(有机会)to think about the world around us.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成下列句子
1.如果你砍伐了一棵树,你将会受到惩罚。
You will be punished if you cut down a tree.
2.这些瓶子将会被回收来制造新的东西。
These bottles will be recycled to make new things.
3.在这次展览中将要展示什么
What will be displayed at the show
4.在环保周,许多活动将被组织起来。
A lot of activities are going to be organized in Environment Week.
5.在城镇广场,一些活动将被举办。
Some of the activities are going to be held in the town square.
【考点1】fill with充满
【语境·感悟】
*In some cities, the air is filled with pollution.在一些城市里,空气中充满了污染物。
*The theatre is filled with people.
剧院里很快就挤满了人。
*He filled the bag with books.
他在书包里装满了书。
【考点·归纳】fill with的用法
(1)fill with意为“装满;充满”,表示装满的动作过程,其主语通常指某物;
The girl’s eyes are filled with tears.
这个女孩眼里满含泪水。
=The girl’s eyes are full of tears.
(2)fill...with...,意为“用……装满……;使……充满……”,其主语通常是人。
Please fill the bottle with milk.
请将瓶子装满牛奶。
(3)be filled with表示一种状态,意为“装满了……”,相当于be full of,其主语通常是人或物。
The young man is filled with joy.
那位青年内心充满喜悦。
The room was filled with smoke.
房间里浓烟弥漫。
=The room was full of smoke.
【语用·迁移】
①他用泥土把这个洞塞住了。
He filled the hole with the earth.
②选词填空(fill with/full of)
This is a basket full of potatoes and I can’t carry it.
【考点2】clean up弄干净;清理
【语境·感悟】
*This makes people ill, and more people will be hurt in the future if it is not cleaned up.这会让人生病,而且如果空气还没有得到净化,将会有更多的人受到伤害。
*She cleaned up the mess on the floor.
她把地上的乱东西收拾干净了。
*Jim, you put your school things everywhere.Please clean them up.
吉姆,你的学习用品到处都是。把它们整理一下。
【考点·归纳】clean up的用法
clean up意为“弄干净;清理”,后接名词或代词作宾语,接代词时要置于clean 与up之间。
【语用·迁移】
①看!学生们正在帮助打扫城市公园。
Look! The students are helping clean up the city park.
(C)②Daisy, look at your bedroom.What a mess!
—Sorry, I’ll ________right now!
A.put up it B.clean up it C.clean it up
【考点3】as well as不但……而且……;也;和
【语境·感悟】
*As well as people, animals are harmed by pollution.
不仅是人类,动物也受到了污染的危害。
*He grows flowers as well as vegetables.
他既种菜也种花。
*Mary as well as I has been to the Great Wall.
我和玛丽都去过长城。
*She sings as well as playing the piano.
她不仅会弹钢琴,也会唱歌。
【考点·归纳】as well as的用法
as well as=and,意为“不但……而且……;也;还”,作为并列连词既可连接单词(名词、代词、动词等)又可连接短语,连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词要与第一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
Your wife as well as you is very friendly to me.不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。
【语用·迁移】
①The teacher as well as the students enjoys(enjoy) listening to English songs.
②这对我很重要,对你也很重要。
It is important for you as well as for me.
③(2019·呼和浩特中考)除了寻常的活动,例如帆船运动和攀岩,在夏令营中还有一节写作课。
As well as the usual activities, such as sailing and climbing, there was a writing class in the summer camp.
【考点4】living adj.活着的;活的
【语境·感悟】
*If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution.
如果我们不采取行动来改善环境的话,更多的生物会由于污染而死亡。
*Is Mrs Smith still living
史密斯太太还在世吗
*Every living person has a name.
每一个活着的人都有一个名字。
【妙辨异同】living, alive, lively 与live的用法辨析
living 意为“活着的; 现存的”, 指人或物可用作表语和定语, 作定语时要放在所修饰的名词前
alive 意为“活的, 活着的”, 没有比较级和最高级, 可用作表语和后置定语, 指人或动物
lively 意为“有生气的; 活泼的”, 可用作定语、表语和宾语补足语, 指人或物
live 意为“有生命的; 活的; 现场直播的”, 可作定语, 指动物或植物, 不能用来指人
【语用·迁移】
①选词填空(living/alive/lively)。
All living things depend on the sun for their growth.
②世界上活着的熊猫不多。
There aren’t many pandas alive in the world today.
③The patient seems a little livelier (live) this morning.
一般将来时的被动语态
【语法初探】
补全下列教材原句,体会句中加下划线内容的变化及含义。
1.You will be punished (punish) if you cut down a tree.
2.These bottles will be recycled (recycle)to make new things.
3.When is the show going to be held(hold)
4.Will the show be held (hold) at your school
5.A lot of activities are going to be organized (organize) in Environment Week.
6.Leaflets will be sent (send) to all the people in the town.
7.Some of the activities are going to be held (hold) in the town square.
8.The show is going to be held (hold)this Friday evening.
9.Some famous people in our town will be invited (invite) to the show.
10.Ways about how to protect the environment will be discussed (discuss) at the show.
【语法解读】
一、构成
一般将来时的被动语态由“will be+动词的过去分词”或“am/is/are going to be+动词的过去分词”构成。
The child will be taken to the hospital right away.
A new road is going to be built by them in front of our building.
二、否定形式和疑问形式
1.否定形式:
“will not be+动词的过去分词”或“am/is/are not going to be+动词的过去分词”
Next week a plan for the coming year will not be made.
His math exercises aren’t going to be finished in half an hour.
2.疑问形式:
①一般疑问句:将will,(be going to中的)am/is/are置于主语之前。
Will history be made by people
历史是由人民创造的吗
Is the work going to be done by them tomorrow afternoon
这项工作明天下午由他们做吗
②特殊疑问句:疑问词+will(am/is/are)+主语+be(going to be)+过去分词 如:
When will you be invited to attend the meeting 你被邀请什么时候参加会议
【语法精练】
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.A cat is kept(keep) in my grandmother’s house.
2.The sports meeting is going to be held (hold) next month.
3.Nobody will be allowed (allow) to enter the station without a ticket.
4.We will be invited (invite)to the party next week.
5.His homework is going to be handed (hand) in by him at once.
6.These apple trees are going to be cut (cut) down next winter.
7.Your bike will be repaired (repair) in a moment.
8.Mary and I will not be told (tell) what to do next if we can’t answer his question.
Ⅱ.单项选择
(A)1.National Day celebrations for China’s seventieth birthday ______in about three months.
A.will be held B.was held C.is held
(B)2.Moon cakes ______for free to those old people this coming Moon Festival.
A.were offered B.will be offered C.have offered
(B)3.—Do you know when and where the 25th Winter Olympic Games ______
—In Italy, in 2026.
A.is held B.will be held C.were held
(B)4.Do you know the 33rd Olympic Games ______in Paris in 2024
A.is held B.will be held C.will hold
(B)5.A lot of new roads ______in order to develop the villages in the next five years.
A.built B.will be built C.build
Ⅰ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1.We should remember to turn off the lights when leaving (leave) the classroom.
2.The room is filled (fill) with the good smell of the flowers.
3.A lot of living (live) things in the sea are killed by water pollution every day.
4.A talk on the Olympic Games is going to be given (give) in the school hall next week.
5.Many trees are planted (plant) in China every year, but they are still not enough.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Your final exam is very important.We must treat it seriously(serious).
2.There are many living (live) things here.
3.He drove carelessly (care), so he crashed into a tree.
4.He’d like to get some suggestions on how to learn wisely(wise) and well.
5.It is harmful (harm) for you to read in the sun.Unit 8 A green world
Reading(1)
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出相应的单词和短语
1.Otherwise(否则), we will be punished(惩罚).
2.Moreover(此外), they produce(产生) little pollution.
3.For example, we are not allowed(允许) to cut down trees.
4.The houses are not joined and they’re separated(分开).
5.Nature is our greatest treasure(最大的财富).
6.There are also laws to limit(限制) air and water pollution(空气和水污染).
7.If we drop litter in a public place(在公共场所), we will be fined (罚款)by the police.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成下列句子
1.它很美,而且我们应该尽力让它一直保持那样。
It is beautiful, and we should try to keep it that way.
2.记住每个人都可以做点有益的事!
Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!
3.我们依靠其丰富的资源生存,所以要明智地保护它,这一点对我们来说很重要。
We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it wisely.
4.这些新型能源不仅成本低廉,而且用之不竭。
These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out.
5.在瑞士,诸如玻璃、塑料、纸张等物品被分成不同的类别,然后再循环利用。
In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled.
【考点1】for example 例如
【语境·感悟】
*For example, we are not allowed to cut down trees.例如,我们不被允许砍伐树木。
*Noise, for example, is a kind of pollution.
例如噪音,就是一种污染。
*He,for example,is a good student.
例如,他就是个好学生。
【妙辨异同】for example与such as的辨析
短语 用法
for example 表示举例说明,只举同类人或事物中的一个例子,用来说明某一情况。作插入语,通常用逗号与其他部分隔开,它位于句首、句尾或句中均可
such as 用于同一类人或事物中的几个例子,其后面接所列举的名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 注意: 1.such as后不可使用逗号,也不可用于句首。 2.such as一般不与and so on连用。 3.对前面的复数名词部分起列举作用,一般不全部列出
【语用·迁移】
①选词填空(for example/such as)。
Peter likes all ball games, such as football, basketball and volleyball.
②这儿的许多人,例如约翰先生,宁愿喝咖啡。
A lot of people here, for example, Mr John, would rather have coffee.
③Boys like John and James are very friendly.(改写同义句)
Boys such as John and James are very friendly.
【考点2】allow vt.允许;准许
【语境·感悟】
*For example, we are not allowed to cut down trees.例如,我们不被允许砍伐树木。
*The law doesn’t allow such actions.
法律不允许有这些行为。
*You shouldn’t allow parking in this street.
你们不应允许在这条街上停车。
*My parents allow me to watch TV for half an hour every day.
我父母允许我每天看半小时电视。
【考点·归纳】allow的用法
(1)allow意为“允许;准许”,其后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式以及从句作宾语;接动词不定式作宾语补足语。
(2)allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。
(3)allow (doing) sth.表示允许(做)某事。
(4)allow+从句,表示允许……
【语用·迁移】
①我父母不允许我熬夜。
I am not allowed to stay up late by my parents.
②The teacher allowed him to go (go)into the classroom.
③You are not allowed to eat (eat)anything in the library.
【考点3】depend on/upon依靠;取决于
【语境·感悟】
*We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it wisely.
我们依靠其丰富的资源生存,所以要明智地保护它,这一点对我们来说很重要。
*Your choice depends on your interest.
你的选择取决于你的兴趣。
*We have depended on you to help us.
我们一直指望你帮助我们。
【考点·归纳】depend on的用法
(1) depend on意为“依靠(依赖)”,其中on也可改写为upon,其后可接名词、代词和动词-ing 形式作宾语。
(2)depend on sb. to do sth.依赖(指望)某人做某事。
I depend on you to do it.我信赖你去做(那件事)。
(3)depend on还表示“取决于……,由……决定”(通常不用于被动语态或进行时态)。
Whether the game will be held depends on the weather.比赛是否举行要视天气而定。
【语用·迁移】
①那位老人必须照顾他的妻子。他们没有孩子可依靠。
The old man has to look after his wife.They have no children to depend on.
(B)②You’d better try to guess the meaning when you meet a new word.Don’t always ______ your dictionary.
A.keep on B.depend on C.decide on
【考点4】run out用完;耗尽
【语境·感悟】
*These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out.
这些新型能源不仅成本低廉,而且用之不竭。
*Her money ran out soon.
她的钱很快花光了。
*This bucket has leaks in it and the water is going to run out.这只桶漏了,水很快将漏光。
*He always runs out of money before pay day.
他总是发工资的日子还没到就把钱花完了。
【妙辨异同】run out与run out of用法
词语 用法
run out 意为“用尽;耗尽”,其后不可接宾语,其主语通常指时间、食物、金钱等名词
run out of 意为“用光,用完”,其主语通常指人,其宾语多指时间、食物、金钱等名词。此外还表示“从……中跑出”
【语用·迁移】
(C)①He told the interviewer that he had run out of money to buy old bikes.
A.put away B.turned off C.used up
②我们的糖吃完了,我得再买点儿。
We’ve run out of sugar, so I must buy some more.
【考点5】remember v.记得;牢记;记起
【语境·感悟】
*Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!
记住每个人都可以做点有益的事!
*Tony, remember not to talk with your mouth full of food.
托尼,记得满嘴食物时不要说话。
*I remembered telling him about it last month.我记得上个月向他讲过此事。
【考点·归纳】remember的用法
(1)remember to do sth.表示“记得需要做某事”。
(2)remember doing sth.表示“记得做过或发生过某事”。
【语用·迁移】
①I remember meeting (meet)him at the train station at ten today.
②John, your bedroom is so dirty; remember to tidy(tidy) it up.
【考点6】make a difference (to sb./sth.)(对……)有影响,起作用
【语境·感悟】
*Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!
记住每个人都可以做点有益的事!
*The rain did not make much difference to the game.这场雨对比赛没有多大影响。
*It doesn’t make any difference to me whether you go or stay.
你去还是留下对我影响不大。
【考点·归纳】make a difference的用法
(1)make a difference有影响;起作用
(2)make a difference to sb./sth.对……有影响(起作用)
(3)此短语中的difference其前可用no, some, any, much等词语修饰。
make a/no/some/much difference to...“对……有/没有/有些/有很大作用、关系、影响”。
【语用·迁移】
(C)①My physics teacher made a difference to my life.
A.spent time in
B.helped me with
C.played a role in
②遵循这些小步骤,你就能对地球产生巨大的影响。
Follow these small steps, and you can make a big difference to the Earth.
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.You have to be 18 years old before you are allowed(允许)to drive a car.
2.Over 200 cars are produced(产生)in this factory in a week.
3.The driver had to pay a fifty-dollar fine(罚款)for speeding.
4.Mr Green is not rich(富有的),but he is very happy.
5.There are some differences(差异)between British English and American English.
Ⅱ.选用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
cut down, punish, run out, produce, depend on, separate
1.These instruments form a complete set.Don’t separate them, please.
2.The petrol in the car will run out soon after a long journey.
3.In order to protect the environment, we mustn’t cut down trees.
4.I have to try my best to work hard because my family depends on me.
5.You have broken the laws.I’m afraid you’ll be punished.
6.What produces the power cut Go and see.
