天津市2024年中考英语真题

天津市2024年中考英语真题
一、单项填空，从下列每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（本大题共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分）
1．（2024·天津市） My grandma has got ____ garden. And ____ flowers in it are beautiful.
A．a; the B．an; the C．不填; 不填 D．an; 不填
2．（2024·天津市） When ____ parents went away on business, I looked after ____.
A．my; myself B．my; mine C．me; myself D．me; mine
3．（2024·天津市） Don't speak loudly on the bus. You should keep your ____ down.
A．body B．voice C．interest D．service
4．（2024·天津市） It ____ be the only way to solve the problem. There are other choices.
A．may not B．mustn't C．need D．should
5．（2024·天津市） We feel ____ to win the match because we are training hard.
A．lonely B．sorry C．confident D．strange
6．（2024·天津市） Many people think eating at home is ____ than eating in the restaurant.
A．healthy B．healthier
C．healthiest D．the healthiest
7．（2024·天津市） We ____ the books to the library after we read them.
A．returned B．pointed C．waved D．caught
8．（2024·天津市） People may use different body language ____ the same feelings.
A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows
9．（2024·天津市） — Jane and I ____ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us
— Sure. See you then.
A．had B．have had
C．were having D．are going to have
10．（2024·天津市） Lao She wrote many plays and he ____ "the People's Artist".
A．names B．named C．was named D．has named
11．（2024·天津市） Email is one of the great ways to ____ friends.
A．take pride in B．keep clear of
C．get into the habit of D．stay in touch with
12．（2024·天津市） The teacher speaks ____ and carefully so that we can understand her better.
A．hardly B．only C．slowly D．nearly
13．（2024·天津市） In autumn, the weather gets cooler ____ the green leaves start to turn gold.
A．because B．but C．whether D．and
14．（2024·天津市） — Could you tell me ____
— He likes the Science Museum best.
A．when Kevin visited the museum
B．which museum Kevin likes best
C．when did Kevin visit the museum
D．which museum does Kevin like best
15．（2024·天津市） — Let's go to the Tianjin TV and Radio Tower to enjoy the beautiful sights.
— ____. I can't wait to go there.
A．That's cool B．That's a pity
C．Never mind D．No idea
二、完形填空（本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
（2024·天津市）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Some artists are often not famous during their lifetime. Vincent van Gogh (梵高) was such an artist. People did not pay much attention to his 16． . He began to think he was not a very good painter. But he did not give up painting. He was so 17． in what he was painting that he did not want to stop. He would even 18． to eat!
19． , his paintings were dark. He used pencils or charcoal sticks (炭条) to make them. Then he 20． colour. He used lots of brown and dark green.
Later, Vincent moved to France. He wanted to learn from the artists who 21． there. They were trying new 22． of painting. In France, Vincent began using bright colours. He used oil paints (油画颜料) to create his art. He painted both the countryside and people. He 23． painted self-portraits (自画像). He created more than 20 portraits of himself!
Vincent completed more than 2,000 paintings in his life. 24． people did not buy his paintings during his lifetime, his paintings sell for a lot of money today. People think his paintings are masterpieces (杰作). For example, the painting Sunflowers is very 25． all over the world.
16．A． trips B． paintings C． villages D． music
17．A． wrong B． lucky C． interested D． tired
18．A． forget B． start C． hope D． agree
19．A． At last B． Once again C． At least D． At first
20．A． helped B． added C． missed D． guessed
21．A． worked B． sang C． danced D． cooked
22．A． facts B． stories C． ways D． reports
23．A． never B． hardly C． perhaps D． also
24．A． Before B． Though C． If D． When
25．A． humorous B． polite C． famous D． quiet
三、阅读理解（本大题共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
（2024·天津市）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Sara and Jack helped their mother and father work on the farm. They got food and drink from the farm.
Sara got water from the stream. Jack got eggs from the hens. Sara got apples from the trees. Jack got corn from the field. Sara got milk from the cow. After Sara and Jack worked, they went into the house.
When it got dark at night, Father made a fire so that the house had light. Then Mother told the family some news.
"There is a new food called ice cream," Mother said. "But some people call it cream ice. " The whole family smiled. The family thought that cream ice was a funny name for a food.
"Can we try some ice cream, Mother " asked Jack.
"We need ice and milk to make it," said Mother. "We have to wait until winter when it snows. Then we will get ice. "
Sara and Jack couldn't wait until winter so that they could try ice cream.
26．Where did Sara and Jack help their mother and father work
A．In the hotel. B．On the farm.
C．In the cinema. D．On the train.
27．Where did Sara get water
A．From the cow. B．From the field.
C．From the stream. D．From the trees.
28．When the house had light, Mother ____ to the family.
A．showed some photos B．sang some songs
C．read some poems D．told some news
29． What did the family think of the name of cream ice
A．It was funny. B．It was easy.
C．It was helpful. D．It was common.
30．What did they need to make ice cream
A．Sugar and eggs. B．Ice and milk.
C．Apples and corn. D．Milk and meat.
（2024·天津市） 阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Salt has always been important to people. In the past, it was as valuable as gold. Over the years, people discovered different ways to get salt. Some early people got salt from rocks. In other places, people got salt from the sea. They took sea water and put it in the sun. After a long time, the water dried up (耗尽). Then people could get salt.
Today, people still get salt from the sea. But most salt comes from salt mines (矿) and salt wells (井). How do people get salt from salt mines They dig deep into the ground for it. To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes (管子) into the ground. Water is sent down through one of the pipes. And the water is mixed with the salt in salt wells. It makes salt water. Then the salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. Later, the salt is taken out of the salt water.
People once worked hard to find and make salt. Now, people can buy it at any food store.
31． Some early people got salt from ____.
A．flowers B．fruits C．trees D．rocks
32． Why did people put sea water in the sun
A．To get salt. B．To catch fish.
C．To wash clothes. D．To water crops.
33．How do people get salt from salt mines
A．By mixing sand with gold.
B．By digging deep into the ground.
C．By putting oil on rocks.
D．By throwing stones into the sea.
34．What is the right order of getting salt from salt wells
a. The salt is taken out of the salt water.
b. Water is sent down through one of the pipes.
c. The salt water is pushed up through the other pipe.
A．a-b-c B．b-c-a C．c-b-a D．b-a-c
35．The passage is mainly about ____.
A．who discovered salt B．when we made salt
C．where salt comes from D．how much salt we need
（2024·天津市） 阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The Internet is often used to buy and sell products, pay bills, and communicate with people. But how safe is it when you use the Internet Our magazine Interactions asked some Internet users about their experiences.
Linda, 29, nurse: I pay all my bills online. One day, I received an email from my bank. It told me that someone was trying to take out money from my account (账号), so I should email my password (密码) to the "bank manager". I felt something was wrong, so I called my bank and asked about the email. The bank said they never sent it. I realised that someone tried to cheat (欺骗) me of my money. I'll continue paying my bills this way, but I'll be more careful.
Emily, 22, office worker: I was at work, and I sent an email to a friend of mine. I was telling her about my problems with Mark, the manager. A few minutes later, a friend of Mark's came over to my desk. He said, "So you think Mark is too strict " My face was red. I chose the wrong name on my address list. It was my own fault, so I'll look over my emails more carefully before I click "Send" next time.
Thomas, 21, university student: I love the Internet! I look up lots of information online. I often buy things on the websites — furniture, clothes, CDs, even foods. I have also sold some of my things on the Internet. I only use the websites I trust and I've never had a safety problem.
36．Where is the passage taken from
A．A diary. B．A novel.
C．A magazine. D．A history book.
37．Linda probably got the email from a person who ____.
A．refused to lend money to her
B．asked about her experiences
C．sold things to her on the websites
D．tried to cheat her of her money
38．The word "fault" in Paragraph 3 means "____".
A．project B．mistake C．advantage D．plan
39．Who shared enjoyable experiences according to the passage
A．Linda. B．Emily. C．Mark. D．Thomas.
40．What is the best title of the passage
A．The Internet: How Safe Is It
B．The Bank: How Useful Is It
C．The Website: How Cheap Is It
D．The Magazine: How Amazing Is It
四、补全对话（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
（2024·天津市）根据对话内容，从方框内选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整（选项中有两项是多余的）。
A. Sounds good. B. How much is it C. What should we take D. And how long does it last E. Do you plan different activities F. How many students are there in each group G. I need some information about the summer camp.
A: Excuse me.
B: Yes, how can I help you
A: 　41． 　
B: OK. The camp will help children learn about themselves and get close to nature.
A: It is wonderful. 　42． 　
B: Three weeks, starting from the beginning of July.
A: 　43． 　
B: There are eight students. They can easily make new friends in small groups.
A: Great! 　44． 　
B: Yes, of course. Students can take part in different activities to learn something new.
A:　45． 　 Summer camping is really good to help children grow up.
B: That's true.
五、完成句子，根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
46．（2024·天津市） 许多明信片正在商店里出售。
Many postcards are 　 　　 　 at the shop.
47．（2024·天津市） 我们可以一起参加讨论。
We can 　 　　 　 the discussion together.
48．（2024·天津市） 他的新书将于明年出版。
His new book will 　 　　 　 next year.
49．（2024·天津市） 我家乡的人们彼此很友好。
People in my home town are friendly to 　 　　 　.
50．（2024·天津市） 哈里打开电脑查看电子邮件。
Harry 　 　　 　 his computer and checked his email.
六、任务型阅读（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
（2024·天津市）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
Have you ever seen a storm Lots of things can happen when there is a storm. It can rain. The wind can blow (吹). The sky can be dark. And all the lights in your house can go out.
When all the lights go out, your house is dark. It is a problem because you cannot do certain things in the dark. You cannot read or write. It is hard to put on clothes. It is hard to feed your pet. It is hard to walk because you cannot see well.
When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on. But it is not interesting to wait and wait!
To make things better, it is a good idea to make the dark interesting. You can light candles. The fire on the candles will give the house light. Then you can play a game with your family. Maybe you can use the light to read. Or you can tell an interesting story in the dark.
51．Lots of things 　 　 when there is a storm.
52．When all the lights go out, your house 　 　.
53．It is hard to walk in the dark because you cannot 　 　.
54．After the storm 　 　, the lights may go back on.
55．To make things better, it is 　 　 to make the dark interesting.
七、综合填空（本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
（2024·天津市）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Long ago, the early people did not live in houses as we do today. Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘homes' were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p　56． 　 them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests. Men of that time were called ‘cave people'.
These ‘cave people' usually lived in small groups and life was not e　57． 　 for them. They had to move from place to place to s　58． 　 for food. They would hunt, fish or pick wild fruit. When they couldn't find a　59． 　 to eat, they would leave to find another proper place. Their tools were very simple. They ate raw (生的) food u　60． 　 they learnt how to make a fire. For clothing, they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c　61． 　 their bodies.
However, the lives of the ‘cave people' changed. They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g　62． 　 in the forests. Soon they learnt to plant fruit, vegetables and other crops. They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a　63． 　 for milk, meat and skins. They became f　64． 　 and lived in only one certain area. Their groups became l　65． 　 than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives. They built houses as long-lasting homes, and as a result, villages and towns developed quickly. The ‘cave people' began to be civilised (文明的).
八、书面表达（本大题共 15 分）
66．（2024·天津市） 假如你是李华，请根据以下提示，给你的笔友 Peter 用英文写一封邮件，向他讲述你班同学王红所做的一件好事，并谈谈感受。（1）上周四，王红在回家途中看到一位上年纪的盲人在街角徘徊。（2）王红与老人交流后，主动帮他过马路。（3）路上的司机都停下车耐心等候。（4）王红将老人带到马路对面并向他告别。（5）你认为……
参考词汇：盲人 blind man
徘徊 wander
要求：（1）词数：80~100 个。（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
Dear Peter,
It is two weeks since you wrote to me. I'm writing to tell you a story about my classmate Wang Hong.
Last Thursday,
What do you think of the story Waiting for your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】表示数量“一”；表示特指
【解析】【分析】句意：我奶奶有一个花园。里面的花很漂亮。第一处泛指一个花园，"garden"首字母发辅音音素，用a；第二处特指花园里的花，用定冠词the。故选A。
【点评】考查冠词的用法。注意正确理解语境并分析句子结构，根据相关语法知识选择正确的冠词。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】反身代词；形容词性物主代词
【解析】【分析】句意：我父母出差时，我自己照顾自己。my我的，形容词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me我，宾格。第一处作定语修饰parents，用形容词性物主代词；第二处主语和宾语是同一人，所以是"照顾自己"，用反身代词。故选A。
【点评】考查代词辨析。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的代词。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：不要在公共汽车上大声说话。你应该小点声。body身体；voice嗓音；interest兴趣；service服务。根据"Don't speak loudly on the bus. You should keep your ... down."可知，不要大声说话，所以要小点声，故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的名词。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】may, might表示可能性
【解析】【分析】句意：这可能不是解决问题的唯一方法。还有其他选择。may not可能不；mustn't表禁止；need需要；should应该。根据"There are other choices."可知，还有其他解决问题的方式，故此处指这可能不是解决问题的唯一方法，应用may not。故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据情态动词的用法及区别，结合语境选择正确的情态动词。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】叙述（表语）形容词；形容词作表语
【解析】【分析】句意：我们有信心赢得这场比赛，因为我们正在努力训练。lonely孤独的；sorry抱歉的；confident自信的；strange奇怪的。根据"We feel ... to win the match because we are training hard."可知，因为努力训练，所以有信心赢得这场比赛，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的形容词。
6．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词比较级与最高级的构成规则；“形容词比较级+than+…”表示前者比后者更……
【解析】【分析】句意：许多人认为在家吃饭比在餐馆吃饭更健康。根据"than"可知，应使用形容词比较级，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词比较级。注意正确分析句子结构和语境，根据题目所给语境以及形容词比较级的相关知识选择正确的选项。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】过去式和过去分词；一般过去时；及物动词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们看完书后把书还给了图书馆。return归还；point指向；wave挥手；catch抓住。根据"the books to the library after we read them."可知，书看完后还给了图书馆，故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的动词。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】动词不定式；状语
【解析】【分析】句意：人们可能会用不同的肢体语言来表达同样的感受。use sth to do sth"用某物做某事"，使用动词不定式，故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式做目的状语）。注意正确分析句子结构并理解语境，根据非谓语动词的相关知识选择正确的选项。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：——这个星期天，简和我打算去野餐。你愿意和我们一起去吗？——当然。到时见。根据"this Sunday"可知，这个星期天要去野餐，事情发生在将来，时态是一般将来时，结构是will do或be doing to do。故选D。
【点评】考查动词时态。注意正确分析句子语境，结合句子时间状语的提示，选择正确的时态。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态；一般过去时；只能指可数名词单数的代词作主语
【解析】【分析】句意：老舍写了很多戏剧，被评为"人民艺术家"。分析句子可知，此处指老舍被称为"人民艺术家"，主语he和谓语name之间是被动关系，应为被动语态，结构是be done。故选C。
【点评】考查时态，被动语态以及主谓一致。注意正确分析句子结构，根据题目所给语境，并结合相关语法知识选择正确的谓语动词形式。
11．【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：电子邮件是与朋友保持联系的好方法之一。take pride in以……为骄傲；keep clear of避开；get into the habit of养成……的习惯；stay in touch with与……保持联系。根据"Email is one of the great ways to…friends."可知，此处指电子邮件是与朋友保持联系的好方法。故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意正确理解动词短语的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的选项。
12．【答案】C
【知识点】方式副词
【解析】【分析】句意：老师说得慢而仔细，以便我们能更好地理解她的话。hardly几乎不；only只；slowly缓慢地；nearly几乎。根据"The teacher speaks ... and carefully so that we can understand her better."可知，为了我们能更好地理解，老师说得慢而仔细，故选C。
【点评】考查副词辨析。注意正确理解选项所给副词的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的副词。
13．【答案】D
【知识点】表并列关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：在秋天，天气变得凉爽，绿叶开始变成金色。because因为；but但是；whether是否；and和。根据"the weather gets cooler ... the green leaves start to turn gold"可知，两句话构成并列关系，用and连接，故选D。
【点评】考查连词辨析。注意正确理解选项中连词的意思，根据题目所给语境并结合句子结构分析，选择符合语义衔接逻辑的正确的连词。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】which引导的宾语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——你能告诉我凯文最喜欢哪个博物馆吗？——他最喜欢科学博物馆。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除CD；根据答语"He likes the Science Museum best."可知，询问最喜欢哪个，故选B。
【点评】考查宾语从句。注意正确的理解选项的意思，通过题干句子结构和语境的正确的分析，结合宾语从句相关的句法知识，选择正确的宾语从句。
15．【答案】A
【知识点】非正式用语；表达态度；表达情感
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们去天津广播电视塔欣赏美丽的景色吧。——太酷了。我等不及要去那里了。That's cool太酷了；That's a pity那太遗憾了；Never mind不要紧；No idea不知道。根据"I can't wait to go there."可知，等不及想去，所以觉得很酷，故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据题目所给语境并结合交际用语的知识选择正确的选项。
【答案】16．B；17．C；18．A；19．D；20．B；21．A；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．C
【知识点】说明文；绘画作品赏析与文化价值
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍世界著名的画家梵高。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空是英语考试中常见的一种题型，旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。五、积累词汇，提高语言基础。要想在完形填空中取得好成绩，平时的词汇积累非常重要。建议学生多阅读英文文章，扩大词汇量，提高语言基础。
16．句意：人们不太注意他的画。trips旅行；paintings绘画；villages乡村；music音乐。根据"He began to think he was not a very good painter. But he did not give up painting."可知，此处谈论绘画，故选B。
17．句意：他对自己正在画的东西很感兴趣，不想停下来。wrong错误的；lucky幸运的；interested感兴趣的；tired劳累的。根据"He was so...in what he was painting that he did not want to stop."可知，他对自己正在画的东西很感兴趣，此处是be interested in"对……感兴趣"，故选C。
18．句意：他甚至会忘记吃饭！forget忘记；start开始；hope希望；agree同意。根据"He would even...to eat!"可知，他甚至会忘记吃饭，故选A。
19．句意：起初，他的画是黑色的。At last最后；Once again再一次；At least至少；At first首先。根据"..., his paintings were dark."可知，起初他的画是黑色的，故选D。
20．句意：然后他又加上了颜色。helped帮助；added添加；missed错过；guessed猜。根据"Then he...colour. He used lots of brown and dark green."可知，他又加上了颜色，故选B。
21．句意：他想向在那里工作的艺术家学习。worked工作；sang唱歌；danced跳舞；cooked做饭。根据"He wanted to learn from the artists who...there."可知，他想向在那里工作的艺术家学习，故选A。
22．句意：他们在尝试新的绘画方法。facts事实；stories故事；ways方法；reports报道。根据"They were trying new...of painting."可知，他们在尝试新的绘画方法。故选C。
23．句意：他还画了自画像。never从不；hardly几乎不；perhaps也许；also也。根据"He painted both the countryside and people. He...painted self-portraits (自画像)."可知，他既画乡村，也画人物，还画了自画像。故选D。
24．句意：虽然人们在他生前没有买他的画，但他的画今天卖了很多钱。Before在之前；Though虽然；If如果；When当……时。前后两句构成让步关系，用Though引导让步状语从句，故选B。
25．句意：例如，《向日葵》这幅画在全世界都很有名。humorous幽默的；polite礼貌的；famous著名的；quiet安静的。根据"the paintingSunflowers is very...all over the world"可知，《向日葵》这幅画在全世界都很有名，故选C。
【答案】26．B
27．C
28．D
29．A
30．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了萨拉和杰克在农场帮助父母工作的情况，以及他们对新食物冰淇淋的期待。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
26．细节理解题。根据"Sara and Jack helped their mother and father work on the farm.（Sara 和 Jack 帮助他们的父母在农场工作。）"可知，萨拉和杰克在农场帮助他们的父母工作。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据"Sara got water from the stream.（萨拉从小溪中获取水。）"可知，萨拉从小溪中获取水。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据"When it got dark at night…Then Mother told the family some news.（当夜幕降临……然后母亲告诉家里一些消息。）"可知，当房子有光时，母亲告诉了家人们一些消息。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据"The family thought that cream ice was a funny name for a food.（这家人认为奶油冰淇淋是一个有趣的食品名字。）"可知，家人们认为冰淇淋这个名字很有趣。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据"We need ice and milk to make it（我们需要冰和牛奶来制作它。）"可知，制作冰淇淋需要冰和牛奶。故选B。
【答案】31．D
32．A
33．B
34．B
35．C
【知识点】说明文；自然科学研究；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
31．细节理解题。根据"Some early people got salt from rocks.（一些早期的人们从岩石上获得盐。）"可知，一些早期的人从岩石中得到盐。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据"They took sea water and put it in the sun. After a long time, the water dried up (耗尽). Then people could get salt（他们取海水放在阳光下。经过很长时间，水蒸发了。然后人们就能得到盐了。）"可知，是为了得到盐，故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据"They dig deep into the ground for it. To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes (管子) into the ground.（他们深挖地底寻找它。为了从盐井中获取盐，人们在地里放置了两根管子。）"可知，人们通过深挖地下来从盐矿中获取盐。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据"Water is sent down through one of the pipes. And the water is mixed with the salt in salt wells. It makes salt water. Then the salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. Later, the salt is taken out of the salt water.（水通过一个管子被送入地下。然后水与盐井中的盐混合，形成了盐水。接着盐水通过另一个管子被推送上来。后来，盐从盐水中被提取出来。）"水通过其中一根管子往下输送。在盐井里，水和盐混合。它产生盐水。然后盐水通过另一根管子被推上来。然后，把盐从盐水中取出。由此可知，正确的顺序是：水通过其中一根管子往下输送→盐水从另一根管子被推上来→从盐水中取出盐。故选B。
35．主旨大意题。根据"Over the years, people discovered different ways to get salt（多年来，人们发现了获取盐的不同方法）"以及"Today, people still get salt from the sea（今天，人们仍然从海里获取盐。）"以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。故选C。
【答案】36．C
37．D
38．B
39．D
40．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；词义猜测；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要就互联网安全，介绍几位互联网用户的经历。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
36．细节理解题。根据"Our magazineInteractions asked some Internet users about their experiences.（我们的杂志《Interactions》询问了一些互联网用户关于他们的经历。）"可知，本文来自杂志，故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据"I realised that someone tried to cheat (欺骗) me of my money.（我意识到有人试图骗我的钱。）"可知，琳达可能是从一个想骗她钱的人那里收到这封邮件的，故选D。
38．词义猜测题。根据"I chose the wrong name on my address list. It was my own fault（我在通讯录上选错了名字，这是我的错。）"可知，我把通讯录上的名字选错了，这是自己的错，故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据"I love the Internet! ... I only use the websites I trust and I've never had a safety problem.（我爱互联网！... 我只使用我信任的网站，我从来没有遇到过安全问题。）"可知，Thomas分享了愉快的经历，故选D。
40．主旨大意题。本文主要就互联网安全，介绍几位互联网用户的经历。故选A。
【答案】41．G；42．D；43．F；44．E；45．A
【知识点】其他语篇类型；业余活动；假期计划
【解析】【分析】本文是二人谈论关于夏令营的一则对话。
【点评】补全对话旨在考察学生的语言理解、逻辑推理和表达能力。掌握以下解题技巧，可以有效提高补全对话的准确率和效率。
1. 通读全文把握大意。在开始补全对话之前，首先要通读全文，了解对话的整体内容、语境和背景信息。这有助于把握对话的主旨大意，为后续分析提供基础。
2. 分析人物关系与话题。分析对话中的人物关系和话题是解题的关键步骤。通过识别对话中的角色及其互动方式，可以理解他们之间的关系和地位，进而推断出可能的对话内容和表达方式。同时，要注意对话的核心话题，这有助于把握对话的方向和重点。
3. 抓住关键词与线索。在对话中，关键词和线索往往能揭示出重要的信息或暗示。因此，在补全对话时，要特别关注那些具有提示性的词汇或短语，它们可能指向答案的关键点。同时，要注意上下文中的逻辑联系和信息关联，以便准确理解对话的含义。
4. 注意语法结构与表达。英语对话中，语法结构和表达方式同样重要。在补全对话时，要注意句子的结构是否完整、表达是否清晰准确。此外，还要注意时态、语态、主谓一致等基本语法规则的运用，以确保对话的连贯性和准确性。
5. 逻辑推理与语境结合。补全对话不仅要求理解对话内容，还需要进行逻辑推理。在解题过程中，要将逻辑推理与语境相结合，根据对话的上下文和逻辑关系推断出合适的答案。同时，要注意排除那些与语境不符或逻辑不通的选项。
6. 先易后难排除干扰。在补全对话时，可以采用先易后难的策略。先从那些容易理解、信息明确的对话部分入手，逐步推进到难度较大的部分。在解题过程中，要注意排除干扰信息，避免被无关紧要的细节所迷惑。
41．根据"OK. The camp will help children learn about themselves and get close to nature.（好的。这个营地会帮助孩子们了解自己和亲近大自然。）"可知，此处介绍夏令营的相关信息，选项G"我需要一些关于夏令营的信息。"符合语境，故选G。
42．根据"Three weeks, starting from the beginning of July.（三周，从七月初开始。）"可知，此处介绍时长，选项D"持续多长时间？"符合语境，故选D。
43．根据"There are eight students.（有八名学生。）"可知，此处介绍学生数量，选项F"每组有多少学生？"符合语境，故选F。
44．根据"Yes, of course. Students can take part in different activities to learn something new.（是的，当然。学生可以参加不同的活动来学习一些新的东西。）"可知，此处介绍不同的活动，选项E"你会计划不同的活动吗？"符合语境，故选E。
45．根据"Students can take part in different activities to learn something new.（学生们可以参加不同的活动来学习一些新的东西。）"和"Summer camping is really good to help children grow up.（夏令营真的很有助于孩子们成长。）"可知，此处对"学生可以参加不同的活动来学习新的东西"做出评价，选项A"听起来不错。"符合语境，故选A。
46．【答案】on；sale
【知识点】汉译英；介词短语；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少"出售"。此处是固定短语on sale"出售"。故填on sale。
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语on sale"出售"。
47．【答案】join；in
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少"参加"。join in表示"参加"，为固定短语。can是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填join in。
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语join in表示"参加"。
48．【答案】come；out
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；不及物动词+介词
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少"出版"。"出版"，come out，动词短语，助动词will后面用动词原形。故填come out。
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语come out"出版"。
49．【答案】each；other
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；相互代词each other
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少"彼此"。each other"彼此，互相"。故填each other。
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语each other"彼此，互相"。
50．【答案】turned；on
【知识点】汉译英；过去式和过去分词；固定搭配；一般过去时；不及物动词+介词
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少"打开"。此处为动词短语turn on"打开"，根据"checked"可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填turned on。
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语turn on"打开"。
【答案】51．can happen
52．is dark
53．see well
54．goes away
55．a good idea
【知识点】说明文；自然灾害；自然灾害的防范措施；生命安全
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍暴风雨时应该怎么做。
【点评】考查阅读补充句子。阅读补充句子旨在检验学生对文章的理解能力、语法掌握程度以及词汇运用能力。以下是一些针对此类题型的解题技巧：
1.仔细阅读全文： 在开始答题前，务必先通读全文，理解文章的主旨和上下文关系。这有助于把握句子的背景和语境，从而更准确地选择答案。
2.分析句子结构：识别句子的主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，这有助于理解句子的主要意思和逻辑关系。 注意句子中可能存在的从句、短语和特殊结构，它们可能包含重要的信息或线索。
3.注意一致性：代词和名词的一致性：确保所选答案中的代词与前文提到的名词在单复数、性、数等方面保持一致。时态和语态的一致性：根据上下文确定所需的时态和语态，并确保所选答案与之一致。
4. 逻辑推理：当答案不明显时，需要根据上下文和常识进行逻辑推理。通过上下文的线索和逻辑关系，推断出答案中缺失的内容。
5.排除干扰选项： 在选择答案时，要仔细比较各选项，排除那些与句子意思不符、与上下文逻辑关系不符或语法错误的选项。注意排除那些看似正确但实际上与句子语境不符的干扰项。
51．根据"Lots of things can happen when there is a storm.（当暴风雨来临时，会发生很多事情。）"可知，有暴风雨的时候会发生很多事情。故填can happen。
52．根据"When all the lights go out, your house is dark.（当所有的灯都熄灭时，你的房子就变暗了。）"可知，当所有的灯都熄灭时，你的房子是黑暗的。故填is dark。
53．根据"It is hard to walk because you cannot see well.（因为你看不太清楚，所以走路很困难。）"可知，走路很困难，因为你看不清楚。故填see well。
54．根据"When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on.（当所有的灯都熄灭时，你可以等到暴风雨过去。然后灯可能会重新亮起来。）"可知，当所有的灯都熄灭时，你可以等到暴风雨过去。然后灯就会重新亮起来。故填goes away。
55．根据"To make things better, it is a good idea to make the dark interesting.（为了让事情变得更好，让黑暗变得有趣是个好主意。）"可知，为了使事情变得更好，让黑暗变得有趣是个好主意。故填a good idea。
【答案】56．protect；57．easy；58．search；59．anything；60．until；61．cover；62．grew；63．animals；64．farmers；65．larger
【知识点】动词不定式；说明文；叙述（表语）形容词；形容词作表语；考古发现
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍"穴居人"的生活。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及非谓语动词，形容词，代词，连词，时态，名词多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。七、多做练习总结。最后，多做练习是提高语法填空解题能力的有效途径。通过大量的练习，我们可以熟悉各种题型和考点，提高解题速度和准确率。同时，也要及时总结错题原因，分析解题思路和方法，以便更好地掌握语法填空题的解题技巧。
56．句意：这些"家"只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据"These ‘homes' were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p... them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests."可知，这些"家"保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect"保护"，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(p)rotect。
57．句意：这些"穴居人"通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据"These ‘cave people' usually lived in small groups and life was not e... for them."可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy"容易的"，在句中作表语，故填(e)asy。
58．句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据"They had to move from place to place to s... for food."可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search for"寻找"符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(s)earch。
59．句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据"When they couldn't find a... to eat, they would leave to find another proper place."可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything"任何东西"，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。
60．句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据"They ate raw (生的) food u... they learnt how to make a fire."可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until"直到"符合语境，故填(u)ntil。
61．句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据"they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c... their bodies"可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover"遮盖"，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(c)over。
62．句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据"They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g... in the forests."可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grow"生长"，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(g)rew。
63．句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据"They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a... for milk, meat and skins."可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal"动物"，"other kinds of"修饰可数名词复数，故填(a)nimals。
64．句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据"They became f... and lived in only one certain area."可知，他们成了农民，farmer"农民"，主语"They"是复数，故填(f)armers。
65．句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据"Their groups became l... than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives."可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger"更大的"，在句中作表语，故填(l)arger。
66．【答案】略
【知识点】应用文写作；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇运用文写作（电子邮件），要求考生以李华的身份用英文写一封邮件给笔友 Peter讲述同学王红做的一件好事并分享感受 。写作背景：李华的同学王红做了一件好事。内容包括：1. 表明写作意图；2. 具体介绍王红所做的好事；3.书写结语。注意：1. 时态：以"一般过去时"为主；2. 提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点；3.词数 80~100个 。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要做到要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时应该使用较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次。例如：1.可使用的亮点词汇：on her way home 在她回家的路上；offer to do sth 主动提出做某事；communicate with 沟通；learn from 向某人学习。2. 可使用到的高分句式：When they crossed the road, the drivers on the road stopped their cars and waited patiently.（可使用when引导的时间状语从句）；I think Wang Hong is really a very warm-hearted and kind girl.（可使用省略that的宾语从句）。
1 / 1天津市2024年中考英语真题
一、单项填空，从下列每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（本大题共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分）
1．（2024·天津市） My grandma has got ____ garden. And ____ flowers in it are beautiful.
A．a; the B．an; the C．不填; 不填 D．an; 不填
【答案】A
【知识点】表示数量“一”；表示特指
【解析】【分析】句意：我奶奶有一个花园。里面的花很漂亮。第一处泛指一个花园，"garden"首字母发辅音音素，用a；第二处特指花园里的花，用定冠词the。故选A。
【点评】考查冠词的用法。注意正确理解语境并分析句子结构，根据相关语法知识选择正确的冠词。
2．（2024·天津市） When ____ parents went away on business, I looked after ____.
A．my; myself B．my; mine C．me; myself D．me; mine
【答案】A
【知识点】反身代词；形容词性物主代词
【解析】【分析】句意：我父母出差时，我自己照顾自己。my我的，形容词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me我，宾格。第一处作定语修饰parents，用形容词性物主代词；第二处主语和宾语是同一人，所以是"照顾自己"，用反身代词。故选A。
【点评】考查代词辨析。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的代词。
3．（2024·天津市） Don't speak loudly on the bus. You should keep your ____ down.
A．body B．voice C．interest D．service
【答案】B
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：不要在公共汽车上大声说话。你应该小点声。body身体；voice嗓音；interest兴趣；service服务。根据"Don't speak loudly on the bus. You should keep your ... down."可知，不要大声说话，所以要小点声，故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的名词。
4．（2024·天津市） It ____ be the only way to solve the problem. There are other choices.
A．may not B．mustn't C．need D．should
【答案】A
【知识点】may, might表示可能性
【解析】【分析】句意：这可能不是解决问题的唯一方法。还有其他选择。may not可能不；mustn't表禁止；need需要；should应该。根据"There are other choices."可知，还有其他解决问题的方式，故此处指这可能不是解决问题的唯一方法，应用may not。故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据情态动词的用法及区别，结合语境选择正确的情态动词。
5．（2024·天津市） We feel ____ to win the match because we are training hard.
A．lonely B．sorry C．confident D．strange
【答案】C
【知识点】叙述（表语）形容词；形容词作表语
【解析】【分析】句意：我们有信心赢得这场比赛，因为我们正在努力训练。lonely孤独的；sorry抱歉的；confident自信的；strange奇怪的。根据"We feel ... to win the match because we are training hard."可知，因为努力训练，所以有信心赢得这场比赛，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的形容词。
6．（2024·天津市） Many people think eating at home is ____ than eating in the restaurant.
A．healthy B．healthier
C．healthiest D．the healthiest
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词比较级与最高级的构成规则；“形容词比较级+than+…”表示前者比后者更……
【解析】【分析】句意：许多人认为在家吃饭比在餐馆吃饭更健康。根据"than"可知，应使用形容词比较级，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词比较级。注意正确分析句子结构和语境，根据题目所给语境以及形容词比较级的相关知识选择正确的选项。
7．（2024·天津市） We ____ the books to the library after we read them.
A．returned B．pointed C．waved D．caught
【答案】A
【知识点】过去式和过去分词；一般过去时；及物动词
【解析】【分析】句意：我们看完书后把书还给了图书馆。return归还；point指向；wave挥手；catch抓住。根据"the books to the library after we read them."可知，书看完后还给了图书馆，故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的动词。
8．（2024·天津市） People may use different body language ____ the same feelings.
A．show B．to show C．showed D．shows
【答案】B
【知识点】动词不定式；状语
【解析】【分析】句意：人们可能会用不同的肢体语言来表达同样的感受。use sth to do sth"用某物做某事"，使用动词不定式，故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词（动词不定式做目的状语）。注意正确分析句子结构并理解语境，根据非谓语动词的相关知识选择正确的选项。
9．（2024·天津市） — Jane and I ____ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us
— Sure. See you then.
A．had B．have had
C．were having D．are going to have
【答案】D
【知识点】一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：——这个星期天，简和我打算去野餐。你愿意和我们一起去吗？——当然。到时见。根据"this Sunday"可知，这个星期天要去野餐，事情发生在将来，时态是一般将来时，结构是will do或be doing to do。故选D。
【点评】考查动词时态。注意正确分析句子语境，结合句子时间状语的提示，选择正确的时态。
10．（2024·天津市） Lao She wrote many plays and he ____ "the People's Artist".
A．names B．named C．was named D．has named
【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态；一般过去时；只能指可数名词单数的代词作主语
【解析】【分析】句意：老舍写了很多戏剧，被评为"人民艺术家"。分析句子可知，此处指老舍被称为"人民艺术家"，主语he和谓语name之间是被动关系，应为被动语态，结构是be done。故选C。
【点评】考查时态，被动语态以及主谓一致。注意正确分析句子结构，根据题目所给语境，并结合相关语法知识选择正确的谓语动词形式。
11．（2024·天津市） Email is one of the great ways to ____ friends.
A．take pride in B．keep clear of
C．get into the habit of D．stay in touch with
【答案】D
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：电子邮件是与朋友保持联系的好方法之一。take pride in以……为骄傲；keep clear of避开；get into the habit of养成……的习惯；stay in touch with与……保持联系。根据"Email is one of the great ways to…friends."可知，此处指电子邮件是与朋友保持联系的好方法。故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意正确理解动词短语的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的选项。
12．（2024·天津市） The teacher speaks ____ and carefully so that we can understand her better.
A．hardly B．only C．slowly D．nearly
【答案】C
【知识点】方式副词
【解析】【分析】句意：老师说得慢而仔细，以便我们能更好地理解她的话。hardly几乎不；only只；slowly缓慢地；nearly几乎。根据"The teacher speaks ... and carefully so that we can understand her better."可知，为了我们能更好地理解，老师说得慢而仔细，故选C。
【点评】考查副词辨析。注意正确理解选项所给副词的意思，根据题目所给语境选择正确的副词。
13．（2024·天津市） In autumn, the weather gets cooler ____ the green leaves start to turn gold.
A．because B．but C．whether D．and
【答案】D
【知识点】表并列关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：在秋天，天气变得凉爽，绿叶开始变成金色。because因为；but但是；whether是否；and和。根据"the weather gets cooler ... the green leaves start to turn gold"可知，两句话构成并列关系，用and连接，故选D。
【点评】考查连词辨析。注意正确理解选项中连词的意思，根据题目所给语境并结合句子结构分析，选择符合语义衔接逻辑的正确的连词。
14．（2024·天津市） — Could you tell me ____
— He likes the Science Museum best.
A．when Kevin visited the museum
B．which museum Kevin likes best
C．when did Kevin visit the museum
D．which museum does Kevin like best
【答案】B
【知识点】which引导的宾语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：——你能告诉我凯文最喜欢哪个博物馆吗？——他最喜欢科学博物馆。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除CD；根据答语"He likes the Science Museum best."可知，询问最喜欢哪个，故选B。
【点评】考查宾语从句。注意正确的理解选项的意思，通过题干句子结构和语境的正确的分析，结合宾语从句相关的句法知识，选择正确的宾语从句。
15．（2024·天津市） — Let's go to the Tianjin TV and Radio Tower to enjoy the beautiful sights.
— ____. I can't wait to go there.
A．That's cool B．That's a pity
C．Never mind D．No idea
【答案】A
【知识点】非正式用语；表达态度；表达情感
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们去天津广播电视塔欣赏美丽的景色吧。——太酷了。我等不及要去那里了。That's cool太酷了；That's a pity那太遗憾了；Never mind不要紧；No idea不知道。根据"I can't wait to go there."可知，等不及想去，所以觉得很酷，故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际。注意正确理解选项的意思，根据题目所给语境并结合交际用语的知识选择正确的选项。
二、完形填空（本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
（2024·天津市）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Some artists are often not famous during their lifetime. Vincent van Gogh (梵高) was such an artist. People did not pay much attention to his 16． . He began to think he was not a very good painter. But he did not give up painting. He was so 17． in what he was painting that he did not want to stop. He would even 18． to eat!
19． , his paintings were dark. He used pencils or charcoal sticks (炭条) to make them. Then he 20． colour. He used lots of brown and dark green.
Later, Vincent moved to France. He wanted to learn from the artists who 21． there. They were trying new 22． of painting. In France, Vincent began using bright colours. He used oil paints (油画颜料) to create his art. He painted both the countryside and people. He 23． painted self-portraits (自画像). He created more than 20 portraits of himself!
Vincent completed more than 2,000 paintings in his life. 24． people did not buy his paintings during his lifetime, his paintings sell for a lot of money today. People think his paintings are masterpieces (杰作). For example, the painting Sunflowers is very 25． all over the world.
16．A． trips B． paintings C． villages D． music
17．A． wrong B． lucky C． interested D． tired
18．A． forget B． start C． hope D． agree
19．A． At last B． Once again C． At least D． At first
20．A． helped B． added C． missed D． guessed
21．A． worked B． sang C． danced D． cooked
22．A． facts B． stories C． ways D． reports
23．A． never B． hardly C． perhaps D． also
24．A． Before B． Though C． If D． When
25．A． humorous B． polite C． famous D． quiet
【答案】16．B；17．C；18．A；19．D；20．B；21．A；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．C
【知识点】说明文；绘画作品赏析与文化价值
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍世界著名的画家梵高。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空是英语考试中常见的一种题型，旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。五、积累词汇，提高语言基础。要想在完形填空中取得好成绩，平时的词汇积累非常重要。建议学生多阅读英文文章，扩大词汇量，提高语言基础。
16．句意：人们不太注意他的画。trips旅行；paintings绘画；villages乡村；music音乐。根据"He began to think he was not a very good painter. But he did not give up painting."可知，此处谈论绘画，故选B。
17．句意：他对自己正在画的东西很感兴趣，不想停下来。wrong错误的；lucky幸运的；interested感兴趣的；tired劳累的。根据"He was so...in what he was painting that he did not want to stop."可知，他对自己正在画的东西很感兴趣，此处是be interested in"对……感兴趣"，故选C。
18．句意：他甚至会忘记吃饭！forget忘记；start开始；hope希望；agree同意。根据"He would even...to eat!"可知，他甚至会忘记吃饭，故选A。
19．句意：起初，他的画是黑色的。At last最后；Once again再一次；At least至少；At first首先。根据"..., his paintings were dark."可知，起初他的画是黑色的，故选D。
20．句意：然后他又加上了颜色。helped帮助；added添加；missed错过；guessed猜。根据"Then he...colour. He used lots of brown and dark green."可知，他又加上了颜色，故选B。
21．句意：他想向在那里工作的艺术家学习。worked工作；sang唱歌；danced跳舞；cooked做饭。根据"He wanted to learn from the artists who...there."可知，他想向在那里工作的艺术家学习，故选A。
22．句意：他们在尝试新的绘画方法。facts事实；stories故事；ways方法；reports报道。根据"They were trying new...of painting."可知，他们在尝试新的绘画方法。故选C。
23．句意：他还画了自画像。never从不；hardly几乎不；perhaps也许；also也。根据"He painted both the countryside and people. He...painted self-portraits (自画像)."可知，他既画乡村，也画人物，还画了自画像。故选D。
24．句意：虽然人们在他生前没有买他的画，但他的画今天卖了很多钱。Before在之前；Though虽然；If如果；When当……时。前后两句构成让步关系，用Though引导让步状语从句，故选B。
25．句意：例如，《向日葵》这幅画在全世界都很有名。humorous幽默的；polite礼貌的；famous著名的；quiet安静的。根据"the paintingSunflowers is very...all over the world"可知，《向日葵》这幅画在全世界都很有名，故选C。
三、阅读理解（本大题共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
（2024·天津市）阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Sara and Jack helped their mother and father work on the farm. They got food and drink from the farm.
Sara got water from the stream. Jack got eggs from the hens. Sara got apples from the trees. Jack got corn from the field. Sara got milk from the cow. After Sara and Jack worked, they went into the house.
When it got dark at night, Father made a fire so that the house had light. Then Mother told the family some news.
"There is a new food called ice cream," Mother said. "But some people call it cream ice. " The whole family smiled. The family thought that cream ice was a funny name for a food.
"Can we try some ice cream, Mother " asked Jack.
"We need ice and milk to make it," said Mother. "We have to wait until winter when it snows. Then we will get ice. "
Sara and Jack couldn't wait until winter so that they could try ice cream.
26．Where did Sara and Jack help their mother and father work
A．In the hotel. B．On the farm.
C．In the cinema. D．On the train.
27．Where did Sara get water
A．From the cow. B．From the field.
C．From the stream. D．From the trees.
28．When the house had light, Mother ____ to the family.
A．showed some photos B．sang some songs
C．read some poems D．told some news
29． What did the family think of the name of cream ice
A．It was funny. B．It was easy.
C．It was helpful. D．It was common.
30．What did they need to make ice cream
A．Sugar and eggs. B．Ice and milk.
C．Apples and corn. D．Milk and meat.
【答案】26．B
27．C
28．D
29．A
30．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了萨拉和杰克在农场帮助父母工作的情况，以及他们对新食物冰淇淋的期待。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
26．细节理解题。根据"Sara and Jack helped their mother and father work on the farm.（Sara 和 Jack 帮助他们的父母在农场工作。）"可知，萨拉和杰克在农场帮助他们的父母工作。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据"Sara got water from the stream.（萨拉从小溪中获取水。）"可知，萨拉从小溪中获取水。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据"When it got dark at night…Then Mother told the family some news.（当夜幕降临……然后母亲告诉家里一些消息。）"可知，当房子有光时，母亲告诉了家人们一些消息。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据"The family thought that cream ice was a funny name for a food.（这家人认为奶油冰淇淋是一个有趣的食品名字。）"可知，家人们认为冰淇淋这个名字很有趣。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据"We need ice and milk to make it（我们需要冰和牛奶来制作它。）"可知，制作冰淇淋需要冰和牛奶。故选B。
（2024·天津市） 阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Salt has always been important to people. In the past, it was as valuable as gold. Over the years, people discovered different ways to get salt. Some early people got salt from rocks. In other places, people got salt from the sea. They took sea water and put it in the sun. After a long time, the water dried up (耗尽). Then people could get salt.
Today, people still get salt from the sea. But most salt comes from salt mines (矿) and salt wells (井). How do people get salt from salt mines They dig deep into the ground for it. To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes (管子) into the ground. Water is sent down through one of the pipes. And the water is mixed with the salt in salt wells. It makes salt water. Then the salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. Later, the salt is taken out of the salt water.
People once worked hard to find and make salt. Now, people can buy it at any food store.
31． Some early people got salt from ____.
A．flowers B．fruits C．trees D．rocks
32． Why did people put sea water in the sun
A．To get salt. B．To catch fish.
C．To wash clothes. D．To water crops.
33．How do people get salt from salt mines
A．By mixing sand with gold.
B．By digging deep into the ground.
C．By putting oil on rocks.
D．By throwing stones into the sea.
34．What is the right order of getting salt from salt wells
a. The salt is taken out of the salt water.
b. Water is sent down through one of the pipes.
c. The salt water is pushed up through the other pipe.
A．a-b-c B．b-c-a C．c-b-a D．b-a-c
35．The passage is mainly about ____.
A．who discovered salt B．when we made salt
C．where salt comes from D．how much salt we need
【答案】31．D
32．A
33．B
34．B
35．C
【知识点】说明文；自然科学研究；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
31．细节理解题。根据"Some early people got salt from rocks.（一些早期的人们从岩石上获得盐。）"可知，一些早期的人从岩石中得到盐。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据"They took sea water and put it in the sun. After a long time, the water dried up (耗尽). Then people could get salt（他们取海水放在阳光下。经过很长时间，水蒸发了。然后人们就能得到盐了。）"可知，是为了得到盐，故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据"They dig deep into the ground for it. To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes (管子) into the ground.（他们深挖地底寻找它。为了从盐井中获取盐，人们在地里放置了两根管子。）"可知，人们通过深挖地下来从盐矿中获取盐。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据"Water is sent down through one of the pipes. And the water is mixed with the salt in salt wells. It makes salt water. Then the salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. Later, the salt is taken out of the salt water.（水通过一个管子被送入地下。然后水与盐井中的盐混合，形成了盐水。接着盐水通过另一个管子被推送上来。后来，盐从盐水中被提取出来。）"水通过其中一根管子往下输送。在盐井里，水和盐混合。它产生盐水。然后盐水通过另一根管子被推上来。然后，把盐从盐水中取出。由此可知，正确的顺序是：水通过其中一根管子往下输送→盐水从另一根管子被推上来→从盐水中取出盐。故选B。
35．主旨大意题。根据"Over the years, people discovered different ways to get salt（多年来，人们发现了获取盐的不同方法）"以及"Today, people still get salt from the sea（今天，人们仍然从海里获取盐。）"以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。故选C。
（2024·天津市） 阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The Internet is often used to buy and sell products, pay bills, and communicate with people. But how safe is it when you use the Internet Our magazine Interactions asked some Internet users about their experiences.
Linda, 29, nurse: I pay all my bills online. One day, I received an email from my bank. It told me that someone was trying to take out money from my account (账号), so I should email my password (密码) to the "bank manager". I felt something was wrong, so I called my bank and asked about the email. The bank said they never sent it. I realised that someone tried to cheat (欺骗) me of my money. I'll continue paying my bills this way, but I'll be more careful.
Emily, 22, office worker: I was at work, and I sent an email to a friend of mine. I was telling her about my problems with Mark, the manager. A few minutes later, a friend of Mark's came over to my desk. He said, "So you think Mark is too strict " My face was red. I chose the wrong name on my address list. It was my own fault, so I'll look over my emails more carefully before I click "Send" next time.
Thomas, 21, university student: I love the Internet! I look up lots of information online. I often buy things on the websites — furniture, clothes, CDs, even foods. I have also sold some of my things on the Internet. I only use the websites I trust and I've never had a safety problem.
36．Where is the passage taken from
A．A diary. B．A novel.
C．A magazine. D．A history book.
37．Linda probably got the email from a person who ____.
A．refused to lend money to her
B．asked about her experiences
C．sold things to her on the websites
D．tried to cheat her of her money
38．The word "fault" in Paragraph 3 means "____".
A．project B．mistake C．advantage D．plan
39．Who shared enjoyable experiences according to the passage
A．Linda. B．Emily. C．Mark. D．Thomas.
40．What is the best title of the passage
A．The Internet: How Safe Is It
B．The Bank: How Useful Is It
C．The Website: How Cheap Is It
D．The Magazine: How Amazing Is It
【答案】36．C
37．D
38．B
39．D
40．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解；词义猜测；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要就互联网安全，介绍几位互联网用户的经历。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
36．细节理解题。根据"Our magazineInteractions asked some Internet users about their experiences.（我们的杂志《Interactions》询问了一些互联网用户关于他们的经历。）"可知，本文来自杂志，故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据"I realised that someone tried to cheat (欺骗) me of my money.（我意识到有人试图骗我的钱。）"可知，琳达可能是从一个想骗她钱的人那里收到这封邮件的，故选D。
38．词义猜测题。根据"I chose the wrong name on my address list. It was my own fault（我在通讯录上选错了名字，这是我的错。）"可知，我把通讯录上的名字选错了，这是自己的错，故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据"I love the Internet! ... I only use the websites I trust and I've never had a safety problem.（我爱互联网！... 我只使用我信任的网站，我从来没有遇到过安全问题。）"可知，Thomas分享了愉快的经历，故选D。
40．主旨大意题。本文主要就互联网安全，介绍几位互联网用户的经历。故选A。
四、补全对话（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
（2024·天津市）根据对话内容，从方框内选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整（选项中有两项是多余的）。
A. Sounds good. B. How much is it C. What should we take D. And how long does it last E. Do you plan different activities F. How many students are there in each group G. I need some information about the summer camp.
A: Excuse me.
B: Yes, how can I help you
A: 　41． 　
B: OK. The camp will help children learn about themselves and get close to nature.
A: It is wonderful. 　42． 　
B: Three weeks, starting from the beginning of July.
A: 　43． 　
B: There are eight students. They can easily make new friends in small groups.
A: Great! 　44． 　
B: Yes, of course. Students can take part in different activities to learn something new.
A:　45． 　 Summer camping is really good to help children grow up.
B: That's true.
【答案】41．G；42．D；43．F；44．E；45．A
【知识点】其他语篇类型；业余活动；假期计划
【解析】【分析】本文是二人谈论关于夏令营的一则对话。
【点评】补全对话旨在考察学生的语言理解、逻辑推理和表达能力。掌握以下解题技巧，可以有效提高补全对话的准确率和效率。
1. 通读全文把握大意。在开始补全对话之前，首先要通读全文，了解对话的整体内容、语境和背景信息。这有助于把握对话的主旨大意，为后续分析提供基础。
2. 分析人物关系与话题。分析对话中的人物关系和话题是解题的关键步骤。通过识别对话中的角色及其互动方式，可以理解他们之间的关系和地位，进而推断出可能的对话内容和表达方式。同时，要注意对话的核心话题，这有助于把握对话的方向和重点。
3. 抓住关键词与线索。在对话中，关键词和线索往往能揭示出重要的信息或暗示。因此，在补全对话时，要特别关注那些具有提示性的词汇或短语，它们可能指向答案的关键点。同时，要注意上下文中的逻辑联系和信息关联，以便准确理解对话的含义。
4. 注意语法结构与表达。英语对话中，语法结构和表达方式同样重要。在补全对话时，要注意句子的结构是否完整、表达是否清晰准确。此外，还要注意时态、语态、主谓一致等基本语法规则的运用，以确保对话的连贯性和准确性。
5. 逻辑推理与语境结合。补全对话不仅要求理解对话内容，还需要进行逻辑推理。在解题过程中，要将逻辑推理与语境相结合，根据对话的上下文和逻辑关系推断出合适的答案。同时，要注意排除那些与语境不符或逻辑不通的选项。
6. 先易后难排除干扰。在补全对话时，可以采用先易后难的策略。先从那些容易理解、信息明确的对话部分入手，逐步推进到难度较大的部分。在解题过程中，要注意排除干扰信息，避免被无关紧要的细节所迷惑。
41．根据"OK. The camp will help children learn about themselves and get close to nature.（好的。这个营地会帮助孩子们了解自己和亲近大自然。）"可知，此处介绍夏令营的相关信息，选项G"我需要一些关于夏令营的信息。"符合语境，故选G。
42．根据"Three weeks, starting from the beginning of July.（三周，从七月初开始。）"可知，此处介绍时长，选项D"持续多长时间？"符合语境，故选D。
43．根据"There are eight students.（有八名学生。）"可知，此处介绍学生数量，选项F"每组有多少学生？"符合语境，故选F。
44．根据"Yes, of course. Students can take part in different activities to learn something new.（是的，当然。学生可以参加不同的活动来学习一些新的东西。）"可知，此处介绍不同的活动，选项E"你会计划不同的活动吗？"符合语境，故选E。
45．根据"Students can take part in different activities to learn something new.（学生们可以参加不同的活动来学习一些新的东西。）"和"Summer camping is really good to help children grow up.（夏令营真的很有助于孩子们成长。）"可知，此处对"学生可以参加不同的活动来学习新的东西"做出评价，选项A"听起来不错。"符合语境，故选A。
五、完成句子，根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
46．（2024·天津市） 许多明信片正在商店里出售。
Many postcards are 　 　　 　 at the shop.
【答案】on；sale
【知识点】汉译英；介词短语；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少"出售"。此处是固定短语on sale"出售"。故填on sale。
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语on sale"出售"。
47．（2024·天津市） 我们可以一起参加讨论。
We can 　 　　 　 the discussion together.
【答案】join；in
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少"参加"。join in表示"参加"，为固定短语。can是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填join in。
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语join in表示"参加"。
48．（2024·天津市） 他的新书将于明年出版。
His new book will 　 　　 　 next year.
【答案】come；out
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；不及物动词+介词
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少"出版"。"出版"，come out，动词短语，助动词will后面用动词原形。故填come out。
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语come out"出版"。
49．（2024·天津市） 我家乡的人们彼此很友好。
People in my home town are friendly to 　 　　 　.
【答案】each；other
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；相互代词each other
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少"彼此"。each other"彼此，互相"。故填each other。
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语each other"彼此，互相"。
50．（2024·天津市） 哈里打开电脑查看电子邮件。
Harry 　 　　 　 his computer and checked his email.
【答案】turned；on
【知识点】汉译英；过去式和过去分词；固定搭配；一般过去时；不及物动词+介词
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少"打开"。此处为动词短语turn on"打开"，根据"checked"可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填turned on。
【点评】考查汉译英以及固定短语turn on"打开"。
六、任务型阅读（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
（2024·天津市）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。
Have you ever seen a storm Lots of things can happen when there is a storm. It can rain. The wind can blow (吹). The sky can be dark. And all the lights in your house can go out.
When all the lights go out, your house is dark. It is a problem because you cannot do certain things in the dark. You cannot read or write. It is hard to put on clothes. It is hard to feed your pet. It is hard to walk because you cannot see well.
When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on. But it is not interesting to wait and wait!
To make things better, it is a good idea to make the dark interesting. You can light candles. The fire on the candles will give the house light. Then you can play a game with your family. Maybe you can use the light to read. Or you can tell an interesting story in the dark.
51．Lots of things 　 　 when there is a storm.
52．When all the lights go out, your house 　 　.
53．It is hard to walk in the dark because you cannot 　 　.
54．After the storm 　 　, the lights may go back on.
55．To make things better, it is 　 　 to make the dark interesting.
【答案】51．can happen
52．is dark
53．see well
54．goes away
55．a good idea
【知识点】说明文；自然灾害；自然灾害的防范措施；生命安全
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍暴风雨时应该怎么做。
【点评】考查阅读补充句子。阅读补充句子旨在检验学生对文章的理解能力、语法掌握程度以及词汇运用能力。以下是一些针对此类题型的解题技巧：
1.仔细阅读全文： 在开始答题前，务必先通读全文，理解文章的主旨和上下文关系。这有助于把握句子的背景和语境，从而更准确地选择答案。
2.分析句子结构：识别句子的主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，这有助于理解句子的主要意思和逻辑关系。 注意句子中可能存在的从句、短语和特殊结构，它们可能包含重要的信息或线索。
3.注意一致性：代词和名词的一致性：确保所选答案中的代词与前文提到的名词在单复数、性、数等方面保持一致。时态和语态的一致性：根据上下文确定所需的时态和语态，并确保所选答案与之一致。
4. 逻辑推理：当答案不明显时，需要根据上下文和常识进行逻辑推理。通过上下文的线索和逻辑关系，推断出答案中缺失的内容。
5.排除干扰选项： 在选择答案时，要仔细比较各选项，排除那些与句子意思不符、与上下文逻辑关系不符或语法错误的选项。注意排除那些看似正确但实际上与句子语境不符的干扰项。
51．根据"Lots of things can happen when there is a storm.（当暴风雨来临时，会发生很多事情。）"可知，有暴风雨的时候会发生很多事情。故填can happen。
52．根据"When all the lights go out, your house is dark.（当所有的灯都熄灭时，你的房子就变暗了。）"可知，当所有的灯都熄灭时，你的房子是黑暗的。故填is dark。
53．根据"It is hard to walk because you cannot see well.（因为你看不太清楚，所以走路很困难。）"可知，走路很困难，因为你看不清楚。故填see well。
54．根据"When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on.（当所有的灯都熄灭时，你可以等到暴风雨过去。然后灯可能会重新亮起来。）"可知，当所有的灯都熄灭时，你可以等到暴风雨过去。然后灯就会重新亮起来。故填goes away。
55．根据"To make things better, it is a good idea to make the dark interesting.（为了让事情变得更好，让黑暗变得有趣是个好主意。）"可知，为了使事情变得更好，让黑暗变得有趣是个好主意。故填a good idea。
七、综合填空（本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）
（2024·天津市）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Long ago, the early people did not live in houses as we do today. Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘homes' were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p　56． 　 them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests. Men of that time were called ‘cave people'.
These ‘cave people' usually lived in small groups and life was not e　57． 　 for them. They had to move from place to place to s　58． 　 for food. They would hunt, fish or pick wild fruit. When they couldn't find a　59． 　 to eat, they would leave to find another proper place. Their tools were very simple. They ate raw (生的) food u　60． 　 they learnt how to make a fire. For clothing, they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c　61． 　 their bodies.
However, the lives of the ‘cave people' changed. They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g　62． 　 in the forests. Soon they learnt to plant fruit, vegetables and other crops. They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a　63． 　 for milk, meat and skins. They became f　64． 　 and lived in only one certain area. Their groups became l　65． 　 than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives. They built houses as long-lasting homes, and as a result, villages and towns developed quickly. The ‘cave people' began to be civilised (文明的).
【答案】56．protect；57．easy；58．search；59．anything；60．until；61．cover；62．grew；63．animals；64．farmers；65．larger
【知识点】动词不定式；说明文；叙述（表语）形容词；形容词作表语；考古发现
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍"穴居人"的生活。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及非谓语动词，形容词，代词，连词，时态，名词多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。七、多做练习总结。最后，多做练习是提高语法填空解题能力的有效途径。通过大量的练习，我们可以熟悉各种题型和考点，提高解题速度和准确率。同时，也要及时总结错题原因，分析解题思路和方法，以便更好地掌握语法填空题的解题技巧。
56．句意：这些"家"只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据"These ‘homes' were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p... them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests."可知，这些"家"保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect"保护"，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(p)rotect。
57．句意：这些"穴居人"通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据"These ‘cave people' usually lived in small groups and life was not e... for them."可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy"容易的"，在句中作表语，故填(e)asy。
58．句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据"They had to move from place to place to s... for food."可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search for"寻找"符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(s)earch。
59．句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据"When they couldn't find a... to eat, they would leave to find another proper place."可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything"任何东西"，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。
60．句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据"They ate raw (生的) food u... they learnt how to make a fire."可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until"直到"符合语境，故填(u)ntil。
61．句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据"they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c... their bodies"可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover"遮盖"，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(c)over。
62．句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据"They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g... in the forests."可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grow"生长"，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(g)rew。
63．句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据"They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a... for milk, meat and skins."可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal"动物"，"other kinds of"修饰可数名词复数，故填(a)nimals。
64．句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据"They became f... and lived in only one certain area."可知，他们成了农民，farmer"农民"，主语"They"是复数，故填(f)armers。
65．句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据"Their groups became l... than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives."可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger"更大的"，在句中作表语，故填(l)arger。
八、书面表达（本大题共 15 分）
66．（2024·天津市） 假如你是李华，请根据以下提示，给你的笔友 Peter 用英文写一封邮件，向他讲述你班同学王红所做的一件好事，并谈谈感受。（1）上周四，王红在回家途中看到一位上年纪的盲人在街角徘徊。（2）王红与老人交流后，主动帮他过马路。（3）路上的司机都停下车耐心等候。（4）王红将老人带到马路对面并向他告别。（5）你认为……
参考词汇：盲人 blind man
徘徊 wander
要求：（1）词数：80~100 个。（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。
Dear Peter,
It is two weeks since you wrote to me. I'm writing to tell you a story about my classmate Wang Hong.
Last Thursday,
What do you think of the story Waiting for your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】略
【知识点】应用文写作；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇运用文写作（电子邮件），要求考生以李华的身份用英文写一封邮件给笔友 Peter讲述同学王红做的一件好事并分享感受 。写作背景：李华的同学王红做了一件好事。内容包括：1. 表明写作意图；2. 具体介绍王红所做的好事；3.书写结语。注意：1. 时态：以"一般过去时"为主；2. 提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点；3.词数 80~100个 。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要做到要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时应该使用较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次。例如：1.可使用的亮点词汇：on her way home 在她回家的路上；offer to do sth 主动提出做某事；communicate with 沟通；learn from 向某人学习。2. 可使用到的高分句式：When they crossed the road, the drivers on the road stopped their cars and waited patiently.（可使用when引导的时间状语从句）；I think Wang Hong is really a very warm-hearted and kind girl.（可使用省略that的宾语从句）。
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