UNIT 4 HUMOUR
【语篇填空】
Humour is universally considered 1. (be) one of our most significant qualities, from which we relax and refresh ourselves. It does good to our physical health as well as our 2. (psychology) well-being. A humorous person can have a far-reaching effect on our lives.
I like listening to cross talks in my spare time. Sometimes by pretending or imitating 3. (others) facial expressions or accents, the actors bring joy to the audience, so that the audience can get rid of anxiety, tension and bad moods. 4. I feel confused or dizzy, listening to a cross talk can make me refreshed. Cross talks even work in the situations when you are embarrassed or terrified.
Most people are familiar with Mr Bean, an internationally 5. (recognize) comedy character in films and TV series. He has a reputation for constantly encountering awkward situations, which greatly amuses audience of all 6. (nationality) and cultures. His humour is always made clear through a series of simple and funny acts that rely purely on body language.
However, many people may not know Rowan Atkinson, 7. is mostly known as the awkward, clumsy but always amusing Mr Bean. Some people think Mr Atkinson in real life is like his famous creation. Contrary to his character on screen, he is highly educated. He did well in his academic career and received a scholarship to a boarding school. Later he 8. (obtain) a degree in electrical engineering. He showed a talent 9. acting though he had a stutter. He used to pull faces in the mirror. A famous producer was convinced that one could rarely meet such a genius as Rowan. Therefore, he is seen as a remarkable 10. (comedy) in the contemporary acting world.
【答案】1.to be 2.psychological 3.others' 4.When 5.recognized 6.nationalities 7.who 8.obtained 9.for edian
【核心考点】
重点单词
1.pretend v.假装;假扮;扮演
The children pretend to be different animals, dancing to the music.
孩子们扮成不同的动物,随着音乐起舞。
①(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Over the past 38 years, Mr Wang has pretended (be) someone else many times, and has even learned to speak different dialects(方言),leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor”.
②She buried her head under the covers, (pretend) to be asleep.
③He pretended (tell) me the result before, but in fact, he didn't.
④我在街上遇见她时, 她装作不认识我, 这使我很难过。(一句多译)
→She when we met in the street, which made me upset.(宾语从句)
→She when we met in the street, making me upset.(动词不定式)
【答案】①to be ②pretending ③to have told ④pretended (that) she didn't know me;pretended not to know me
2.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的 <变>significance n.意义;重要性 significantly adv.明显地;有重大意义地 <近>important
(2023·北京卷)In recent years, researchers from diverse fields have agreed that short-termism is now a significant problem in industrialised societies.
近年来,来自不同领域的研究人员一致认为,短期主义现在是工业化社会的一个重大问题。
①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was (significant) more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
②(2022·浙江1月卷)From this project, we also learned the (significant) of teammates.
③(2023·全国甲卷)Besides, Confucius attached significance moral values, respect for elders, and social harmony.
④ one of the greatest gifts of life is friendship.
很明显,生命中最好的礼物之一是友谊。(读后续写·主旨升华)
【答案】①significantly ②significance ③to ④It is significant that
3.astonish vt.使吃惊 <变>astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 astonished adj.感到惊讶的 astonishment n.惊讶
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)But that's how nature is—always leaving us astonished.
但大自然就是这样——总是让我们感到惊讶。
①He was too (astonish) to speak or even to think.
②It's (astonish) that he should speak to you like that.
③To the (astonish) of his friends, he ran for the governor of New York. What's more, he won.
④I spotted a shooting star which, , was bright green in colour.
我看见一颗流星,使我大为惊奇的是,它居然是鲜亮的绿色。
【答案】①astonished ②astonishing ③astonishment ④to my astonishment
4.announce vt.宣布;通知;声称 <变>announcement n.公告;宣布 announcer n.广播员;宣告者
(2022·全国乙卷)First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity.
该税于2016年4月首次宣布,适用于每100毫升含糖超过5克的软饮料,旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。
①The judges did not know she was physically disabled until the first prize winner (announce).
②Several companies have announced their intention to compete for the construction project the government.
③ the local government plans to create 50,000 new jobs.
据宣布,当地政府计划创造五万个新的就业岗位。
【答案】①was announced ②to ③It has been/is announced that
5.deserve v.应受;值得;应得 <变>deserving adj.应得的;值得的
No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.一份工作无论多普通,它都在社会中起一定作用,因此它应当受到我们的尊重。
①(五育·德育)Whoever you are, you deserve (treat) equally.
②(China Daily)For life is so amazing and we deserve (get) the whole fun of the world.
③The self-study room , so please accept my sincere invitation.
自习室的确值得体验,因此,请接受我真诚的邀请。(邀请信)
④We with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck.
我们应该通过我们的共同努力而不是运气来赢得比赛。(读后续写·主旨升华)
【答案】①to be treated/treating ②to get ③does deserve experiencing ④deserved to win the competition
6.demand n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求 <变>demanding adj.苛求的;要求高的;吃力的
(2022·全国乙卷)The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.
留下来的朋友需要体谅已搬走的朋友提出的所有额外时间要求。
①Nowadays science graduates are greater demand because advanced science has created more (demand) jobs.
②I demanded (take) a horse ride in the mountains.My uncle demanded that
my father and I (keep) tothe track in case we could get lost.
③More wind power stations will spring up .
更多的风力发电站将会涌现,以满足对清洁能源的需求。
【答案】①in; demanding ②to take;(should) keep ③to meet the demand for clean energy
7.amuse vt.使娱乐;(提供)消遣 <变>amusement n.娱乐;消遣;娱乐活动 amused adj.逗乐的;觉得好笑的 amusing adj.好玩的;好笑的;有趣的
(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them.
他的父亲经常用一台平板电脑逗乐这个男孩,平板电脑里装有五颜六色的图片,当你戳它们时,它们就会栩栩如生。
① by his story, all of us burst into laughter.(amuse)
②Much to my (amuse),a theme park has been built in our neighborhood.
③(2021·浙江1月卷)My mom scene, joking ,“Don't use up all your oxygen in the huge pumpkin.”
我妈妈被如此有趣的情景逗乐了,她愉快地开玩笑说:“不要在大南瓜里用光了氧气。”(读后续写·对话描写)
【答案】①Amused;amusing ②amusement
③was amused by/at/with such an amusing; in/with amusement
8.embarrass vt.使窘迫;使尴尬;使为难 <变>embarrassment n.害羞;窘迫 embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的 embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的
(2022·全国甲卷)Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant.
不要在餐馆犯令人尴尬的错误。
①(2021·浙江1月卷)It bothered me that I was stuck in the pumpkin like a caged animal while my mom was filming my whole (embarrass).
②He was acutely embarrassed being the centre of attention.
③ , the boy had his face buried in his hands.
男孩窘得双手掩面。(读后续写·心理&动作描写)
④令他难堪的是,他对所发生的事情一无所知。(一句多译)
→ he had no idea of what was going on.(主语从句)
→ , he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrassment)
【答案】①embarrassment ②about/at ③Embarrassed ④What embarrassed him was that; To his embarrassment
9.expense n.费用;花费 <变>expensive adj.昂贵的;花钱多的 expend v.花费;消耗 inexpensive adj.便宜的
(2023·全国乙卷)What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
更重要的是,室内植物很容易照顾,而且也不太贵。
①She (expense) all her efforts on the care of home and children all her life.
②If he didn't cut down on his (expense), he would not make ends meet.
③This printer you bought yesterday is of good quality. If it should break down within the first year, we would repair it our expense.
④Economic development is important, but we should not
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经济发展很重要,但是我们发展经济不能以牺牲环境为代价。(倡议书)
【答案】①expended ②expenses ③at ④develop the economy at the expense of the environment
10.terrifying adj.极其可怕的;骇人听闻的 <变>terrify v.使十分害怕;使恐惧 terrified adj.恐惧的;很害怕的 terror n.恐怖;恐惧
(China Daily)While receiving treatment at a hospital, she recalled the terrifying moment the quake struck early in the morning.
在医院接受治疗时,她回忆起清晨地震发生的可怕时刻。
①(2021·全国乙卷)I knew my lines, but I was terrified (have) to recite them in front of an audience.
②After his (terrify) adventure, Mac felt relieved when he reached home safe and sound.
③The greedy gunman's threats terrified her into (hand) over her money.
④ , I felt my legs trembling and my palms sweating.
我非常害怕,觉得两腿发抖,手心冒汗。(读后续写·心理描写)
【答案】①to have ②terrifying ③handing
④Extremely terrified
11.confuse vt.使迷惑;使混乱;混淆 <变>confused adj.困惑的;糊涂的(表示人的感受) confusing adj.使人困惑的(表示事物的状态) confusion n.混乱;杂乱;困惑
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)As for Bailey, she is more confused about why her act is considered a big deal.
至于Bailey,她更困惑的是,为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。
①Don't confuse flu other respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. They are slightly different.
②The woman looked at him in (confuse) and said something about changing her clothes.
③Since the writer did not stick to the topic, I found his article very (confuse) and hard to follow.
④(2022·新高考卷)I was confused about why David gave up the race without any sign and I decided to talk to him.(读后续写·心理描写)
→ ,I decided to talk to him.(形容词短语作状语)
【答案】①with/and ②confusion ③confusing ④Confused about why David gave up the race without any sign
短语句式
12.rely on/upon 依赖;依靠;信赖
(2021·全国乙卷)Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones according to a survey.
尽管如此,一项调查显示,55%的澳大利亚人家里有固定电话,只有略多于四分之一(29%)的人只使用智能手机。
①(2022·全国甲卷)The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
②(五育·德育)I am determined to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a (rely) person in the future.
③My host family are big fans of country music, so I can always rely on them (introduce) me to some great songs.
④我最尊敬我叔叔,因为每当我处于困境中时,我都可以指望他给我一些实用的建议。(一句多译)
→I respect my uncle most because I can to offer me some practical suggestions whenever I am in trouble.
→I respect my uncle most because I can whenever I am in trouble.(it作形式宾语)
【答案】①on/upon ②reliable ③to introduce ④rely on him; rely on it that he can offer me some practical suggestions
13.end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于;到头来
(2023·全国乙卷)However, we did not mark the route so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. 然而,我们没有标记路线,所以我们最后几乎完全错过了日落。
①We were thinking about going to Switzerland, but the end we went to Austria.
②How can we put an end the fighting
③It would be good to be able to travel light, but I ended up (take) too many clothes.
④This point is further developed the end of this chapter.
⑤After working her way around the world, she which came as a shock to us.
她在周游世界之后,最后在北京教英语,这着实让我们大吃一惊。(读后续写·心理描写)
【答案】①in ②to ③taking ④at ⑤ended up teaching English in Beijing
14.as if引导方式状语从句
(2022·浙江卷)He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement.
他伸出胳膊和腿,好像在飞,他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。
①She looks as if she (be) ten years younger.
②The person opened his mouth as if he (say) something.
③He was still running with a smile on his face, as if nothing (happen).
④The teacher walked here and there on the playground as if he was looking for something.
→The teacher walked here and there on the playground .(省略形式)
⑤(2022·新高考卷)David insisted on running, though he was tripped over within a few kilometers.
David坚持跑步,好像忘记了他所有的弱点,尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了。(读后续写·动作描写)
【答案】①were ②would say ③had happened ④as if looking for something ⑤as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses
15.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
(WY·X1U1)The man whispered something in the lion's ear, after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily.
那人对狮子耳语了几句,随后狮子摇了摇头,不高兴地走了。
①(2023·新高考卷)So, why did he suddenly force me to do something which I was sure to fail
②I will never forget the time which I spent my childhood in the country with my fellows.
③Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race, .
来自20个班的90名学生参加了比赛,其中有30名女生。
④The activity, , raised our awareness of caring about nature.
这个旨在引起人们对环境保护的关注的活动提高了我们关爱大自然的意识。(活动报道)
【答案】①at ②during ③among whom were thirty girls ④the aim of which was to draw people's attention to environmental protection
【梯级训练】
基础达标练
语境辨义练
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem.
2.I'll chew the problem over for a few days.
3.We unconsciously mirror people when we like or respect them.
4.He started with nothing but raw talent and determination.
【答案】1.n.强烈欲望 2.v.深思;仔细考虑 3.v.模仿 4.adj.天生的;未加训练的
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.swing
A.v.摇晃;摇摆 B.n.秋千 C.v.突然转向
①As he pushed her, she swung higher and higher.
②The bus swung sharply to the left.
③For the next two hours, I pushed the swings, and played with my two children and the little girl.
【答案】①A ②C ③B
2.collapse
A.vi.(突然)倒塌;坍塌 B.vi.(尤指因病重而)倒下
C.vi.贬值;暴跌 D.vi.突然失败
①One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.
②The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.
③Talks between management and unions have collapsed.
④Share prices collapsed after news of poor trading figures.
【答案】①B ②A ③D ④C
3.consume
A.vt.消耗;耗费(燃料、能量、时间等) B.vt.吃;喝 C.vt.烧毁;毁灭 D.vt.使充满(强烈的感情)
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
②Many people are unaware of just how much food and drink they consume.
③The hotel was quickly consumed by fire.
④When the guests were gone, Ember was consumed with sadness.
【答案】①A ②B ③C ④D
考点强化练
1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this (interact) by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
2.(2023·全国甲卷)Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less (stress) and even more optimistic.
3.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)He hung on for a few minutes and (scream) for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
4.(2022·全国甲卷)A year later, much to my delight, this man (produce) a little box with a ring and proposed to me.
5.No matter where I buy them,one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy,so I am always left wanting more next time.
6.I honestly don't know how I will react the next time I meet a (potential) urgent situation.
7.I made up my mind to major in informative subjects in the future after (consult) with my parents and teachers.
8.Mary's family were so pleased that they put an (announce) in the local paper to thank her faithful friend.
9.The questions are designed to develop students' potential ability of summary and (deduce).
10.My grandfather is as (energy) as a young man and he sets out to work in the fields after the meal every day.
11.Some people throw away plastic bags (casual), which is harmful to atmosphere and our environment.
【答案】1.interaction 2.stressed 3.screamed 4.produced 5.rarely 6.potentially 7.consulting 8.announcement 9.deduction 10.energetic 11.casually
演讲稿·我们为什么需要幽默
1.我认为看一部喜剧电影或听一个幽默笑话最能让我们开怀大笑。 (comedy; humorous; mostly; make+宾语+宾语补足语)
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2.根据最近的研究,幽默具有生理和心理双重影响,在我们的生活中发挥着重要作用。 (humour; physical; psychological; significant; which引导非限制性定语从句)
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3.它不仅能帮助我们缓解紧张和焦虑,还能给我们带来极大的幸福感。 (tension; anxiety; well-being; not only...but also...)
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4.此外,它还能帮助我们更好地与他人互动。 (interact)
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5.当我们与周围的人交谈时,我们可以尝试添加一点幽默,以此来克服尴尬。 (embarrassment; rely on; 时间状语从句的省略形式; “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句)
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6.我相信你也会因幽默而受益。 (be convinced that...)
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【答案】
1.I guess watching a comedy film or hearing a humorous joke can mostly make us laugh.
2.According to recent research, humour has both physical and psychological effects,which plays a significant role in our life.
3.It not only helps us relieve our tension and anxiety, but also gives us a great sense of well-being.
4.Besides, it helps us interact better with others.
5.When talking with people around, we can try to add a little humour, on which we can rely to overcome embarrassment.
6.I am convinced that you'll benefit from humour, too.
动作描写·头部动作
Ⅰ.素材积累
短语 drop/lower/bend/bow one's head 低头 nod one's head 点头 rest one's head on/against 把头靠在……上面 raise one's head 抬起头 scratch one's head 挠了挠头 turn one's head 扭头 tilt one's head to the left/right 向左/右倾斜头 put/hold one's head in one's hands 双手抱头 bury one's head 把头埋起来 hang one's head 低头/垂头丧气
句子 ①He scratched his head, not understanding a word. 他挠了挠头,一个字也不懂。 ②His head dropped and tears fell into his lap. 他耷拉着脑袋,眼泪滴落在大腿上。 ③He put/held his head in his hands, greatly annoyed.他双手抱头,十分生气。 ④He tilted his head to one side, and his eyes were curious. 他把头偏向一侧,眼里充满了好奇。
Ⅱ.刻意训练
1.根据提示完成句子
①所有的学生都抬起头来,等待考试的最终结果。(raise; 动词-ing形式作伴随状语)
All the students , the final result of the exam.
②当Tom听说他考试不及格时,他低下头,含着泪水慢慢地走回家。(lower; with的复合结构)
When Tom heard that he failed in the exam, he and walked slowly back home .
③回到家后,他把头埋在被子里,假装睡着了。(bury; 动词-ing形式作伴随状语)
When he got home, he , .
④母亲转过头来,惊讶地看着他。(turn)
His mother and looked at him in surprise.
⑤听到母亲走进他的房间,Tom从床上爬了起来,把头靠在母亲的肩上。(rest; 动词-ing形式作时间状语)
, Tom dragged himself out of bed, and .
【答案】①raised their heads;waiting for ②lowered his head;with tears in his eyes ③buried his head under the quilt;pretending to be asleep ④turned her head ⑤Hearing his mother walk into his room;rested his head on/against her shoulder
2.连句成篇并背诵成文
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【答案】All the students raised their heads, waiting for the final result of the exam. When Tom heard that he failed in the exam, he lowered his head and walked slowly back home with tears in his eyes. When he got home, he buried his head under the quilt, pretending to be asleep. On seeing this, his mother turned her head and looked at him in surprise. Hearing his mother walk into his room, Tom dragged himself out of bed, and rested his head on/against her shoulder.UNIT 4 HUMOUR
【语篇填空】
Humour is universally considered 1. (be) one of our most significant qualities, from which we relax and refresh ourselves. It does good to our physical health as well as our 2. (psychology) well-being. A humorous person can have a far-reaching effect on our lives.
I like listening to cross talks in my spare time. Sometimes by pretending or imitating 3. (others) facial expressions or accents, the actors bring joy to the audience, so that the audience can get rid of anxiety, tension and bad moods. 4. I feel confused or dizzy, listening to a cross talk can make me refreshed. Cross talks even work in the situations when you are embarrassed or terrified.
Most people are familiar with Mr Bean, an internationally 5. (recognize) comedy character in films and TV series. He has a reputation for constantly encountering awkward situations, which greatly amuses audience of all 6. (nationality) and cultures. His humour is always made clear through a series of simple and funny acts that rely purely on body language.
However, many people may not know Rowan Atkinson, 7. is mostly known as the awkward, clumsy but always amusing Mr Bean. Some people think Mr Atkinson in real life is like his famous creation. Contrary to his character on screen, he is highly educated. He did well in his academic career and received a scholarship to a boarding school. Later he 8. (obtain) a degree in electrical engineering. He showed a talent 9. acting though he had a stutter. He used to pull faces in the mirror. A famous producer was convinced that one could rarely meet such a genius as Rowan. Therefore, he is seen as a remarkable 10. (comedy) in the contemporary acting world.
【核心考点】
重点单词
1.pretend v.假装;假扮;扮演
The children pretend to be different animals, dancing to the music.
孩子们扮成不同的动物,随着音乐起舞。
①(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Over the past 38 years, Mr Wang has pretended (be) someone else many times, and has even learned to speak different dialects(方言),leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor”.
②She buried her head under the covers, (pretend) to be asleep.
③He pretended (tell) me the result before, but in fact, he didn't.
④我在街上遇见她时, 她装作不认识我, 这使我很难过。(一句多译)
→She when we met in the street, which made me upset.(宾语从句)
→She when we met in the street, making me upset.(动词不定式)
2.significant adj.有重大意义的;显著的 <变>significance n.意义;重要性 significantly adv.明显地;有重大意义地 <近>important
(2023·北京卷)In recent years, researchers from diverse fields have agreed that short-termism is now a significant problem in industrialised societies.
近年来,来自不同领域的研究人员一致认为,短期主义现在是工业化社会的一个重大问题。
①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was (significant) more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
②(2022·浙江1月卷)From this project, we also learned the (significant) of teammates.
③(2023·全国甲卷)Besides, Confucius attached significance moral values, respect for elders, and social harmony.
④ one of the greatest gifts of life is friendship.
很明显,生命中最好的礼物之一是友谊。(读后续写·主旨升华)
3.astonish vt.使吃惊 <变>astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 astonished adj.感到惊讶的 astonishment n.惊讶
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)But that's how nature is—always leaving us astonished.
但大自然就是这样——总是让我们感到惊讶。
①He was too (astonish) to speak or even to think.
②It's (astonish) that he should speak to you like that.
③To the (astonish) of his friends, he ran for the governor of New York. What's more, he won.
④I spotted a shooting star which, , was bright green in colour.
我看见一颗流星,使我大为惊奇的是,它居然是鲜亮的绿色。
4.announce vt.宣布;通知;声称 <变>announcement n.公告;宣布 announcer n.广播员;宣告者
(2022·全国乙卷)First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity.
该税于2016年4月首次宣布,适用于每100毫升含糖超过5克的软饮料,旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。
①The judges did not know she was physically disabled until the first prize winner (announce).
②Several companies have announced their intention to compete for the construction project the government.
③ the local government plans to create 50,000 new jobs.
据宣布,当地政府计划创造五万个新的就业岗位。
5.deserve v.应受;值得;应得 <变>deserving adj.应得的;值得的
No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.一份工作无论多普通,它都在社会中起一定作用,因此它应当受到我们的尊重。
①(五育·德育)Whoever you are, you deserve (treat) equally.
②(China Daily)For life is so amazing and we deserve (get) the whole fun of the world.
③The self-study room , so please accept my sincere invitation.
自习室的确值得体验,因此,请接受我真诚的邀请。(邀请信)
④We with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck.
我们应该通过我们的共同努力而不是运气来赢得比赛。(读后续写·主旨升华)
6.demand n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求 <变>demanding adj.苛求的;要求高的;吃力的
(2022·全国乙卷)The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.
留下来的朋友需要体谅已搬走的朋友提出的所有额外时间要求。
①Nowadays science graduates are greater demand because advanced science has created more (demand) jobs.
②I demanded (take) a horse ride in the mountains.My uncle demanded that
my father and I (keep) tothe track in case we could get lost.
③More wind power stations will spring up .
更多的风力发电站将会涌现,以满足对清洁能源的需求。
7.amuse vt.使娱乐;(提供)消遣 <变>amusement n.娱乐;消遣;娱乐活动 amused adj.逗乐的;觉得好笑的 amusing adj.好玩的;好笑的;有趣的
(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them.
他的父亲经常用一台平板电脑逗乐这个男孩,平板电脑里装有五颜六色的图片,当你戳它们时,它们就会栩栩如生。
① by his story, all of us burst into laughter.(amuse)
②Much to my (amuse),a theme park has been built in our neighborhood.
③(2021·浙江1月卷)My mom scene, joking ,“Don't use up all your oxygen in the huge pumpkin.”
我妈妈被如此有趣的情景逗乐了,她愉快地开玩笑说:“不要在大南瓜里用光了氧气。”(读后续写·对话描写)
8.embarrass vt.使窘迫;使尴尬;使为难 <变>embarrassment n.害羞;窘迫 embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的 embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的
(2022·全国甲卷)Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant.
不要在餐馆犯令人尴尬的错误。
①(2021·浙江1月卷)It bothered me that I was stuck in the pumpkin like a caged animal while my mom was filming my whole (embarrass).
②He was acutely embarrassed being the centre of attention.
③ , the boy had his face buried in his hands.
男孩窘得双手掩面。(读后续写·心理&动作描写)
④令他难堪的是,他对所发生的事情一无所知。(一句多译)
→ he had no idea of what was going on.(主语从句)
→ , he had no idea of what was going on.(embarrassment)
9.expense n.费用;花费 <变>expensive adj.昂贵的;花钱多的 expend v.花费;消耗 inexpensive adj.便宜的
(2023·全国乙卷)What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
更重要的是,室内植物很容易照顾,而且也不太贵。
①She (expense) all her efforts on the care of home and children all her life.
②If he didn't cut down on his (expense), he would not make ends meet.
③This printer you bought yesterday is of good quality. If it should break down within the first year, we would repair it our expense.
④Economic development is important, but we should not
______________________________________________________________________________
经济发展很重要,但是我们发展经济不能以牺牲环境为代价。(倡议书)
10.terrifying adj.极其可怕的;骇人听闻的 <变>terrify v.使十分害怕;使恐惧 terrified adj.恐惧的;很害怕的 terror n.恐怖;恐惧
(China Daily)While receiving treatment at a hospital, she recalled the terrifying moment the quake struck early in the morning.
在医院接受治疗时,她回忆起清晨地震发生的可怕时刻。
①(2021·全国乙卷)I knew my lines, but I was terrified (have) to recite them in front of an audience.
②After his (terrify) adventure, Mac felt relieved when he reached home safe and sound.
③The greedy gunman's threats terrified her into (hand) over her money.
④ , I felt my legs trembling and my palms sweating.
我非常害怕,觉得两腿发抖,手心冒汗。(读后续写·心理描写)
11.confuse vt.使迷惑;使混乱;混淆 <变>confused adj.困惑的;糊涂的(表示人的感受) confusing adj.使人困惑的(表示事物的状态) confusion n.混乱;杂乱;困惑
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)As for Bailey, she is more confused about why her act is considered a big deal.
至于Bailey,她更困惑的是,为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。
①Don't confuse flu other respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. They are slightly different.
②The woman looked at him in (confuse) and said something about changing her clothes.
③Since the writer did not stick to the topic, I found his article very (confuse) and hard to follow.
④(2022·新高考卷)I was confused about why David gave up the race without any sign and I decided to talk to him.(读后续写·心理描写)
→ ,I decided to talk to him.(形容词短语作状语)
短语句式
12.rely on/upon 依赖;依靠;信赖
(2021·全国乙卷)Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones according to a survey.
尽管如此,一项调查显示,55%的澳大利亚人家里有固定电话,只有略多于四分之一(29%)的人只使用智能手机。
①(2022·全国甲卷)The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
②(五育·德育)I am determined to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a (rely) person in the future.
③My host family are big fans of country music, so I can always rely on them (introduce) me to some great songs.
④我最尊敬我叔叔,因为每当我处于困境中时,我都可以指望他给我一些实用的建议。(一句多译)
→I respect my uncle most because I can to offer me some practical suggestions whenever I am in trouble.
→I respect my uncle most because I can whenever I am in trouble.(it作形式宾语)
13.end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于;到头来
(2023·全国乙卷)However, we did not mark the route so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. 然而,我们没有标记路线,所以我们最后几乎完全错过了日落。
①We were thinking about going to Switzerland, but the end we went to Austria.
②How can we put an end the fighting
③It would be good to be able to travel light, but I ended up (take) too many clothes.
④This point is further developed the end of this chapter.
⑤After working her way around the world, she which came as a shock to us.
她在周游世界之后,最后在北京教英语,这着实让我们大吃一惊。(读后续写·心理描写)
14.as if引导方式状语从句
(2022·浙江卷)He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement.
他伸出胳膊和腿,好像在飞,他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。
①She looks as if she (be) ten years younger.
②The person opened his mouth as if he (say) something.
③He was still running with a smile on his face, as if nothing (happen).
④The teacher walked here and there on the playground as if he was looking for something.
→The teacher walked here and there on the playground .(省略形式)
⑤(2022·新高考卷)David insisted on running, though he was tripped over within a few kilometers.
David坚持跑步,好像忘记了他所有的弱点,尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了。(读后续写·动作描写)
15.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
(WY·X1U1)The man whispered something in the lion's ear, after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily.
那人对狮子耳语了几句,随后狮子摇了摇头,不高兴地走了。
①(2023·新高考卷)So, why did he suddenly force me to do something which I was sure to fail
②I will never forget the time which I spent my childhood in the country with my fellows.
③Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race, .
来自20个班的90名学生参加了比赛,其中有30名女生。
④The activity, , raised our awareness of caring about nature.
这个旨在引起人们对环境保护的关注的活动提高了我们关爱大自然的意识。(活动报道)
【梯级训练】
基础达标练
语境辨义练
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem.
2.I'll chew the problem over for a few days.
3.We unconsciously mirror people when we like or respect them.
4.He started with nothing but raw talent and determination.
【答案】1.n.强烈欲望 2.v.深思;仔细考虑 3.v.模仿 4.adj.天生的;未加训练的
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.swing
A.v.摇晃;摇摆 B.n.秋千 C.v.突然转向
①As he pushed her, she swung higher and higher.
②The bus swung sharply to the left.
③For the next two hours, I pushed the swings, and played with my two children and the little girl.
2.collapse
A.vi.(突然)倒塌;坍塌 B.vi.(尤指因病重而)倒下
C.vi.贬值;暴跌 D.vi.突然失败
①One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.
②The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.
③Talks between management and unions have collapsed.
④Share prices collapsed after news of poor trading figures.
3.consume
A.vt.消耗;耗费(燃料、能量、时间等) B.vt.吃;喝 C.vt.烧毁;毁灭 D.vt.使充满(强烈的感情)
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
②Many people are unaware of just how much food and drink they consume.
③The hotel was quickly consumed by fire.
④When the guests were gone, Ember was consumed with sadness.
考点强化练
1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this (interact) by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
2.(2023·全国甲卷)Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less (stress) and even more optimistic.
3.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)He hung on for a few minutes and (scream) for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
4.(2022·全国甲卷)A year later, much to my delight, this man (produce) a little box with a ring and proposed to me.
5.No matter where I buy them,one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy,so I am always left wanting more next time.
6.I honestly don't know how I will react the next time I meet a (potential) urgent situation.
7.I made up my mind to major in informative subjects in the future after (consult) with my parents and teachers.
8.Mary's family were so pleased that they put an (announce) in the local paper to thank her faithful friend.
9.The questions are designed to develop students' potential ability of summary and (deduce).
10.My grandfather is as (energy) as a young man and he sets out to work in the fields after the meal every day.
11.Some people throw away plastic bags (casual), which is harmful to atmosphere and our environment.
演讲稿·我们为什么需要幽默
1.我认为看一部喜剧电影或听一个幽默笑话最能让我们开怀大笑。 (comedy; humorous; mostly; make+宾语+宾语补足语)
______________________________________________________________________________
2.根据最近的研究,幽默具有生理和心理双重影响,在我们的生活中发挥着重要作用。 (humour; physical; psychological; significant; which引导非限制性定语从句)
______________________________________________________________________________
3.它不仅能帮助我们缓解紧张和焦虑,还能给我们带来极大的幸福感。 (tension; anxiety; well-being; not only...but also...)
______________________________________________________________________________
4.此外,它还能帮助我们更好地与他人互动。 (interact)
______________________________________________________________________________
5.当我们与周围的人交谈时,我们可以尝试添加一点幽默,以此来克服尴尬。 (embarrassment; rely on; 时间状语从句的省略形式; “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句)
______________________________________________________________________________
6.我相信你也会因幽默而受益。 (be convinced that...)
______________________________________________________________________________
动作描写·头部动作
Ⅰ.素材积累
短语 drop/lower/bend/bow one's head 低头 nod one's head 点头 rest one's head on/against 把头靠在……上面 raise one's head 抬起头 scratch one's head 挠了挠头 turn one's head 扭头 tilt one's head to the left/right 向左/右倾斜头 put/hold one's head in one's hands 双手抱头 bury one's head 把头埋起来 hang one's head 低头/垂头丧气
句子 ①He scratched his head, not understanding a word. 他挠了挠头,一个字也不懂。 ②His head dropped and tears fell into his lap. 他耷拉着脑袋,眼泪滴落在大腿上。 ③He put/held his head in his hands, greatly annoyed.他双手抱头,十分生气。 ④He tilted his head to one side, and his eyes were curious. 他把头偏向一侧,眼里充满了好奇。
Ⅱ.刻意训练
1.根据提示完成句子
①所有的学生都抬起头来,等待考试的最终结果。(raise; 动词-ing形式作伴随状语)
All the students , the final result of the exam.
②当Tom听说他考试不及格时,他低下头,含着泪水慢慢地走回家。(lower; with的复合结构)
When Tom heard that he failed in the exam, he and walked slowly back home .
③回到家后,他把头埋在被子里,假装睡着了。(bury; 动词-ing形式作伴随状语)
When he got home, he , .
④母亲转过头来,惊讶地看着他。(turn)
His mother and looked at him in surprise.
⑤听到母亲走进他的房间,Tom从床上爬了起来,把头靠在母亲的肩上。(rest; 动词-ing形式作时间状语)
, Tom dragged himself out of bed, and .
2.连句成篇并背诵成文
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______________________________________________________________________________(共109张PPT)
UNIT 4 HUMOUR
语篇填空·一文练透
核心考点·精讲精练
梯级训练·循序渐进
主题集训·提能增效
语篇填空·一文练透
核心考点·精讲精练
梯级训练·循序渐进
主题集训·提能增效
语篇填空·一文练透
Humour is universally considered 1.______（be） one of our most significant
qualities, from which we relax and refresh ourselves. It does good to our physical
health as well as our 2._____________（psychology） well-being. A humorous
person can have a far-reaching effect on our lives.
I like listening to cross talks in my spare time. Sometimes by pretending or
imitating 3._______（others） facial expressions or accents, the actors bring joy to
the audience, so that the audience can get rid of anxiety, tension and bad moods.
4.______ I feel confused or dizzy, listening to a cross talk can make me refreshed.
Cross talks even work in the situations when you are embarrassed or terrified.
to be
psychological
others'
When
Most people are familiar with Mr Bean, an internationally 5.__________
（recognize） comedy character in films and TV series. He has a reputation for
constantly encountering awkward situations, which greatly amuses audience of all
6.___________（nationality） and cultures. His humour is always made clear
through a series of simple and funny acts that rely purely on body language.
recognized
nationalities
However, many people may not know Rowan Atkinson, 7._____ is mostly
known as the awkward, clumsy but always amusing Mr Bean. Some people think
Mr Atkinson in real life is like his famous creation. Contrary to his character on
screen, he is highly educated. He did well in his academic career and received a
scholarship to a boarding school. Later he 8._________（obtain） a degree in
electrical engineering. He showed a talent 9.____ acting though he had a stutter.
He used to pull faces in the mirror. A famous producer was convinced that one
could rarely meet such a genius as Rowan. Therefore, he is seen as a remarkable
10._________（comedy） in the contemporary acting world.
who
obtained
for
comedian
核心考点·精讲精练
1.pretend v.假装；假扮；扮演
The children pretend to be different animals， dancing to the music.
孩子们扮成不同的动物，随着音乐起舞。
①（2021·新高考Ⅱ卷）Over the past 38 years， Mr Wang has pretended ______
（be） someone else many times， and has even learned to speak different dialects
（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor”.
to be
②She buried her head under the covers， __________（pretend） to be asleep.
③He pretended ____________（tell） me the result before， but in fact， he
didn't.
pretending
to have told
④我在街上遇见她时， 她装作不认识我， 这使我很难过。（一句多译）
→She ____________________________________ when we met in the street，
which made me upset.（宾语从句）
→She _________________________when we met in the street， making me upset.
（动词不定式）
pretended （that） she didn't know me
pretended not to know me
2.significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的 〈变〉significance n.意义；重要
性 significantly adv.明显地；有重大意义地 〈近〉important
（2023·北京卷）In recent years， researchers from diverse fields have agreed that
short-termism is now a significant problem in industrialised societies.
近年来，来自不同领域的研究人员一致认为，短期主义现在是工业化社会的一个重
大问题。
①（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）For instance， the average obtained from the estimates of
four discussion groups of five was ____________（significant） more accurate than
the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
significantly
②（2022·浙江1月卷）From this project， we also learned the ___________
（significant） of teammates.
③（2023·全国甲卷）Besides， Confucius attached significance ___ moral values，
respect for elders， and social harmony.
significance
to
④___________________one of the greatest gifts of life is friendship.
很明显，生命中最好的礼物之一是友谊。（读后续写·主旨升华）
It is significant that
3.astonish vt.使吃惊 〈变〉astonishing adj.令人惊讶的 astonished adj.感
到惊讶的 astonishment n.惊讶
（2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）But that's how nature is—always leaving us astonished.
但大自然就是这样——总是让我们感到惊讶。
①He was too __________（astonish） to speak or even to think.
②It's ___________（astonish） that he should speak to you like that.
③To the ____________（astonish） of his friends， he ran for the governor of
New York. What's more， he won.
astonished
astonishing
astonishment
④I spotted a shooting star which, __________________, was bright green in colour.
我看见一颗流星，使我大为惊奇的是，它居然是鲜亮的绿色。
to my astonishment
4.announce vt.宣布；通知；声称 〈变〉announcement n.公告；宣布
announcer n.广播员；宣告者
（2022·全国乙卷）First announced in April， 2016， the tax which applies to
soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml， was introduced to help
reduce childhood obesity.
该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖超过5克的软饮料，旨在帮助减少
儿童肥胖。
①The judges did not know she was physically disabled until the first prize winner
______________ （announce）．
②Several companies have announced their intention to compete for the construction
project___the government.
was announced
to
③___________________________the local government plans to create 50，000 new
jobs.
据宣布，当地政府计划创造五万个新的就业岗位。
It has been/is announced that
5.deserve v.应受；值得；应得 〈变〉deserving adj.应得的；值得的
No matter how ordinary a job is， it plays a part in society and therefore deserves
our due respect.一份工作无论多普通，它都在社会中起一定作用，因此它应当受到
我们的尊重。
①（五育·德育）Whoever you are， you deserve ___________________（treat）
equally.
②（China Daily）For life is so amazing and we deserve _______（get） the
whole fun of the world.
to be treated/treating
to get
③The self-study room ________________________， so please accept my sincere
invitation.
自习室的确值得体验，因此，请接受我真诚的邀请。（邀请信）
does deserve experiencing
④We _____________________________with our joint efforts rather than with the
help of luck.
我们应该通过我们的共同努力而不是运气来赢得比赛。（读后续写·主旨升华）
deserved to win the competition
6.demand n.要求；需求 vt.强烈要求 〈变〉demanding adj.苛求的；要求
高的；吃力的
（2022·全国乙卷）The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the
additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.
留下来的朋友需要体谅已搬走的朋友提出的所有额外时间要求。
①Nowadays science graduates are___ greater demand because advanced science has
created more ___________（demand） jobs.
in
demanding
②I demanded ________（take） a horse ride in the mountains. My uncle
demanded that my father and I ________________（keep） tothe track in case we
could get lost.
to take
（should） keep
③More wind power stations will spring up __________________________________.
更多的风力发电站将会涌现，以满足对清洁能源的需求。
to meet the demand for clean energy
7.amuse vt.使娱乐；（提供）消遣 〈变〉amusement n.娱乐；消遣；娱
乐活动 amused adj.逗乐的；觉得好笑的 amusing adj.好玩的；好笑的；
有趣的
（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer
which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them.
他的父亲经常用一台平板电脑逗乐这个男孩，平板电脑里装有五颜六色的图片，当
你戳它们时，它们就会栩栩如生。
①________by his ________ story， all of us burst into laughter.（amuse）
②Much to my___________（amuse），a theme park has been built in our
neighborhood.
Amused
amusing
amusement
③（2021·浙江1月卷）My mom ____________________________________ scene，
joking _________________，“Don't use up all your oxygen in the huge pumpkin.”
我妈妈被如此有趣的情景逗乐了，她愉快地开玩笑说：“不要在大南瓜里用光了氧
气。”（读后续写·对话描写）
was amused by/at/with such an amusing
in/with amusement
8.embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬；使为难 〈变〉embarrassment n.害羞；
窘迫 embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的 embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的
（2022·全国甲卷）Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a
restaurant.
不要在餐馆犯令人尴尬的错误。
①（2021·浙江1月卷）It bothered me that I was stuck in the pumpkin like a caged
animal while my mom was filming my whole ______________ （embarrass）.
②He was acutely embarrassed ________ being the centre of attention.
embarrassment
about/at
③____________, the boy had his face buried in his hands.
男孩窘得双手掩面。（读后续写·心理&动作描写）
Embarrassed
④令他难堪的是,他对所发生的事情一无所知。（一句多译）
→_____________________________ he had no idea of what was going on.
（主语从句）
→____________________, he had no idea of what was going on.（embarrassment）
What embarrassed him was that
To his embarrassment
9.expense n.费用；花费 〈变〉expensive adj.昂贵的；花钱多的 expend
v.花费；消耗 inexpensive adj.便宜的
（2023·全国乙卷）What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not
very expensive.
更重要的是，室内植物很容易照顾，而且也不太贵。
①She _________ （expense） all her efforts on the care of home and children all
her life.
②If he didn't cut down on his _________ （expense）, he would not make ends
meet.
③This printer you bought yesterday is of good quality. If it should break down
within the first year, we would repair it ___ our expense.
expended
expenses
at
④Economic development is important, but we should not
__________________________________________________.
经济发展很重要，但是我们发展经济不能以牺牲环境为代价。（倡议书）
develop the economy at the expense of the environment
10.terrifying adj.极其可怕的；骇人听闻的 〈变〉terrify v.使十分害怕；
使恐惧 terrified adj.恐惧的；很害怕的 terror n.恐怖；恐惧
（China Daily）While receiving treatment at a hospital, she recalled the terrifying
moment the quake struck early in the morning.
在医院接受治疗时，她回忆起清晨地震发生的可怕时刻。
①（2021·全国乙卷）I knew my lines, but I was terrified ________ （have） to
recite them in front of an audience.
②After his _________ （terrify） adventure, Mac felt relieved when he reached
home safe and sound.
③The greedy gunman's threats terrified her into ________ （hand） over her
money.
to have
terrifying
handing
④_________________, I felt my legs trembling and my palms sweating.
我非常害怕，觉得两腿发抖，手心冒汗。（读后续写·心理描写）
Extremely terrified
11.confuse vt.使迷惑；使混乱；混淆 〈变〉confused adj.困惑的；糊涂的
（表示人的感受） confusing adj.使人困惑的（表示事物的状态）
confusion n.混乱；杂乱；困惑
（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）As for Bailey, she is more confused about why her act is
considered a big deal.
至于Bailey，她更困惑的是，为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。
①Don't confuse flu _________ other respiratory （呼吸的） illnesses. They are
slightly different.
②The woman looked at him in __________ （confuse） and said something about
changing her clothes.
with/and
confusion
③Since the writer did not stick to the topic, I found his article very __________
（confuse） and hard to follow.
confusing
④（2022·新高考卷）I was confused about why David gave up the race without
any sign and I decided to talk to him.（读后续写·心理描写）
→________________________________________________________，I decided to
talk to him.（形容词短语作状语）
Confused about why David gave up the race without any sign
12.rely on/upon 依赖；依靠；信赖
（2021·全国乙卷）Still， 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home
and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only on their smartphones according to
a survey.
尽管如此，一项调查显示，55%的澳大利亚人家里有固定电话，只有略多于四分之
一（29%）的人只使用智能手机。
①（2022·全国甲卷）The next step， according to the researchers， is to try and
work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely ________ visual clues， or also use a
sense of touch in making their shape selections.
on/upon
②（五育·德育）I am determined to follow their examples to take my own
responsibility to be a ________（rely） person in the future.
③My host family are big fans of country music， so I can always rely on them
____________ （introduce） me to some great songs.
reliable
to introduce
④我最尊敬我叔叔，因为每当我处于困境中时，我都可以指望他给我一些实用的建
议。（一句多译）
→I respect my uncle most because I can____________to offer me some practical
suggestions whenever I am in trouble.
→I respect my uncle most because I
can____________________________________________________whenever I am in
trouble.（it作形式宾语）
rely on him
rely on it that he can offer me some practical suggestions
13.end up （尤指经历一系列意外后）最终处于；到头来
（2023·全国乙卷）However, we did not mark the route so we ended up almost
missing the sunset entirely. 然而，我们没有标记路线，所以我们最后几乎完全错过
了日落。
①We were thinking about going to Switzerland, but ___ the end we went to
Austria.
②How can we put an end ___the fighting
③It would be good to be able to travel light, but I ended up_______（take） too
many clothes.
④This point is further developed ___ the end of this chapter.
in
to
taking
at
⑤After working her way around the world, she ______________________________
______ which came as a shock to us.
她在周游世界之后,最后在北京教英语,这着实让我们大吃一惊。（读后续写·心理描写）
ended up teaching English in Beijing
14.as if引导方式状语从句
（2022·浙江卷）He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying, his eyes
wide with excitement.
他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。
①She looks as if she ______ （be） ten years younger.
②The person opened his mouth as if he__________ （say） something.
③He was still running with a smile on his face， as if nothing _____________
（happen）.
were
would say
had happened
④The teacher walked here and there on the playground as if he was looking for
something.
→The teacher walked here and there on the playground
_________________________.（省略形式）
as if looking for something
⑤（2022·新高考卷）David insisted on running, _______________________________
__________ though he was tripped over within a few kilometers.
David坚持跑步,好像忘记了他所有的弱点,尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了。
（读后续写·动作描写）
as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses
15.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
（WY·X1U1）The man whispered something in the lion's ear, after which the lion
shook its head and walked away unhappily.
那人对狮子耳语了几句,随后狮子摇了摇头,不高兴地走了。
①（2023·新高考卷）So, why did he suddenly force me to do something ___
which I was sure to fail
②I will never forget the time _______ which I spent my childhood in the country
with my fellows.
at
during
③Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race,
____________________________.
来自20个班的90名学生参加了比赛，其中有30名女生。
among whom were thirty girls
④The activity， __________________________________________________________
_____________________， raised our awareness of caring about nature.
这个旨在引起人们对环境保护的关注的活动提高了我们关爱大自然的意识。（活动报道）
the aim of which was to draw people's attention to environmental protection
梯级训练·循序渐进
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem.___________
2.I'll chew the problem over for a few days._________________
3.We unconsciously mirror people when we like or respect them._______
4.He started with nothing but raw talent and
determination._______________________
n.强烈欲望
v.深思；仔细考虑
v.模仿
adj.天生的；未加训练的
Ⅱ.一词多义
1.swing
A.v.摇晃；摇摆 B.n.秋千 C.v.突然转向
①As he pushed her, she swung higher and higher.___
②The bus swung sharply to the left.___
③For the next two hours, I pushed the swings, and played with my two children
and the little girl.___
A
C
B
2.collapse
A.vi.（突然）倒塌；坍塌 B.vi.（尤指因病重而）倒下
C.vi.贬值；暴跌 D.vi.突然失败
①One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed from what was
eventually discovered to be a heart attack. ___
②The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.___
③Talks between management and unions have collapsed.___
④Share prices collapsed after news of poor trading figures.___
B
A
D
C
3.consume
A.vt.消耗；耗费（燃料、能量、时间等） B.vt.吃；喝 C.vt.烧毁；毁灭 D.vt.使充满（强烈的感情）
①（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where
the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers
the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.___
A
②Many people are unaware of just how much food and drink they consume.___
③The hotel was quickly consumed by fire.___
④When the guests were gone, Ember was consumed with sadness. ___
B
C
D
1.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）Back downtown during a workday， they can enjoy a more
domestic form of this __________（interact） by walking along a fountain on their
lunch break.
interaction
2.（2023·全国甲卷）Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes
us happier, less ________（stress） and even more optimistic.
3.（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）He hung on for a few minutes and _________（scream） for
his father, but his father didn't hear him.
stressed
screamed
4.（2022·全国甲卷）A year later, much to my delight, this man _________
（produce） a little box with a ring and proposed to me.
5.No matter where I buy them，one steamer is ______（rare） enough， yet two
seems greedy，so I am always left wanting more next time.
6.I honestly don't know how I will react the next time I meet a __________
（potential） urgent situation.
7.I made up my mind to major in informative subjects in the future after
__________（consult） with my parents and teachers.
produced
rarely
potentially
consulting
8.Mary's family were so pleased that they put an _____________ （announce） in
the local paper to thank her faithful friend.
9.The questions are designed to develop students' potential ability of summary and
__________（deduce）.
10.My grandfather is as _________（energy） as a young man and he sets out to
work in the fields after the meal every day.
11.Some people throw away plastic bags ________ （casual）, which is harmful to
atmosphere and our environment.
announcement
deduction
energetic
casually
演讲稿·我们为什么需要幽默
1.我认为看一部喜剧电影或听一个幽默笑话最能让我们开怀大笑。 （comedy；
humorous； mostly； make+宾语+宾语补足语）
_________________________________________________________________________
_______
I guess watching a comedy film or hearing a humorous joke can mostly make us laugh.
2.根据最近的研究，幽默具有生理和心理双重影响，在我们的生活中发挥着重要作
用。 （humour； physical； psychological； significant； which引导非限制性定语
从句）
_________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
3.它不仅能帮助我们缓解紧张和焦虑，还能给我们带来极大的幸福感。 （tension；
anxiety； well-being； not only...but also...）
_________________________________________________________________________
___________________
According to recent research, humour has both physical and psychological effects,which plays a significant role in our life.
It not only helps us relieve our tension and anxiety， but also gives us a great sense of well-being.
4.此外，它还能帮助我们更好地与他人互动。 （interact）
__________________________________________
Besides, it helps us interact better with others.
5.当我们与周围的人交谈时，我们可以尝试添加一点幽默，以此来克服尴尬。
（embarrassment； rely on； 时间状语从句的省略形式； “介词+关系代词”引导定
语从句）
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
6.我相信你也会因幽默而受益。 （be convinced that...）
_________________________________________________
When talking with people around, we can try to add a little humour, on which we can rely to overcome embarrassment.
I am convinced that you'll benefit from humour， too.
动作描写·头部动作
Ⅰ.素材积累
短语 drop/lower/bend/bow one's head 低头
nod one's head 点头
rest one's head on/against 把头靠在……上面
raise one's head 抬起头
短语 scratch one's head 挠了挠头
turn one's head 扭头
tilt one's head to the left/right 向左/右倾斜头
put/hold one's head in one's hands 双手抱头
bury one's head 把头埋起来
hang one's head 低头/垂头丧气
续表
句子 ①He scratched his head， not understanding a word. 他挠了挠头，一个
字也不懂。
②His head dropped and tears fell into his lap. 他耷拉着脑袋，眼泪滴落
在大腿上。
③He put/held his head in his hands， greatly annoyed.他双手抱头，十分
生气。
④He tilted his head to one side， and his eyes were curious. 他把头偏
向一侧，眼里充满了好奇。
续表
Ⅱ.刻意训练
1.根据提示完成句子
①所有的学生都抬起头来，等待考试的最终结果。（raise； 动词-ing形式作伴随状
语）
All the students _________________， ___________ the final result of the exam.
raised their heads
waiting for
②当Tom听说他考试不及格时，他低下头，含着泪水慢慢地走回家。（lower； with
的复合结构）
When Tom heard that he failed in the exam， he ________________ and walked
slowly back home ____________________.
lowered his head
with tears in his eyes
③回到家后，他把头埋在被子里，假装睡着了。（bury； 动词-ing形式作伴随状语）
When he got home， he _____________________________，
______________________.
buried his head under the quilt
pretending to be asleep
④母亲转过头来，惊讶地看着他。（turn）
His mother _______________ and looked at him in surprise.
turned her head
⑤听到母亲走进他的房间，Tom从床上爬了起来，把头靠在母亲的肩上。
（rest； 动词-ing形式作时间状语）____________________________________，
Tom dragged himself out of bed， and ___________________________________.
Hearing his mother walk into his room
rested his head on/against her shoulder
2.连句成篇并背诵成文
________________
答案 All the students raised their heads, waiting for the final result of the exam.
When Tom heard that he failed in the exam, he lowered his head and walked
slowly back home with tears in his eyes. When he got home, he buried his head
under the quilt, pretending to be asleep. On seeing this, his mother turned her head
and looked at him in surprise. Hearing his mother walk into his room, Tom
dragged himself out of bed, and rested his head on/against her shoulder.
主题集训·提能增效
（建议用时：40分钟）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Passage 1
（原创）We just got back from a week-long trip through New Mexico where
we travelled through desert landscapes, hiked up mountains, and walked through dry
creek beds（河床）. We experienced nature and wildlife that was vastly distinct
from what I've seen before.
We've lived in Atlanta for 25 years so it was quite a change from our
“city in a forest”. My husband and I were joined by our adult son who now lives
in San Diego and is a little more familiar with the west. We like to visit national
parks and explore interesting ecosystems.
In New Mexico, everything seemed striking and amazing. Starting in
Albuquerque, we took a tram（缆车） up the Sandia Peak in the Sandia Mountains,
where we had fantastic views as we watched paragliders（滑翔伞） float off into
the unending sky. We then drove to Abiquiu, the town where artist Georgia
O'Keeffe was so inspired. We stayed at a lovely home pretty much in the middle
of nowhere. First, we noticed the breathtaking setting. Then we noticed the ants:
billions of tiny ants were marching all over the outside of the property. They were
carrying off a few of the native bees that had fallen to the ground near the house.
Once we were awakened in the middle of the night by howling that was both
strange and musical. We were told about the coyotes（郊狼） that share the area,
so we weren't surprised when we woke up the next morning and saw some pretty
impressive pawprints right outside the back door. On our final morning hike before
heading south in the state, we even spotted a large snake curled up on the path,
enjoying the warm morning sun. We stayed far out of its way but certainly
watched our steps a little more carefully.
We talked about sustainability throughout the trip. In the past several decades,
there's been so much noticeable change in our travel adventures. That will be great
to keep the skies cleaner and save energy. And the coyotes and snakes can be left
to dance and enjoy themselves in peace.
语篇解读 文章主要谈到了作者在新墨西哥州旅行的经历和感悟。
1.What was the family's first impression of their trip to New Mexico ( )
D
A.It was familiar to them in many aspects.
B.It was dangerous and totally fresh for them.
C.It was simple and plain with little to explore.
D.It was quite different from their previous experiences.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We experienced nature and wildlife that was
vastly distinct from what I've seen before.”可知，此次新墨西哥州之旅和之前的经历
完全不一样。
2.Which of the following best describes the author's experience in New
Mexico ( )
B
A.Romantic. B.Wonderful. C.Conventional. D.Frightening.
解析 推理判断题。结合第三段和第四段的内容可知，他们欣赏了美丽的风景，看到
了成群结队的蚂蚁，听到了郊狼的嚎叫，还看到了蛇，这次旅行经历对他们来说是
奇妙的。
3.What can we learn from the last paragraph ( )
D
A.We should keep the balance of ecosystem.
B.We should focus more on wildlife in nature.
C.We should set off for adventures in person.
D.We should attach importance to sustainable tourism.
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者在整个旅行中都讨论了“可持续性”这个
话题。在过去的几十年里，作者的旅行发生了很多变化，这对节能环保都有好处，
也让那些野生动物能够自由自在地生活。由此可推知，最后一段告诫人们要重视可
持续（生态）旅游。
4.What is probably the text ( )
A
A.A reflection in a travel journal. B.An essay on the means of travelling.
C.A guidebook to a new destination. D.A survey report on ideal trips.
解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章第一句写到作者刚从新墨西哥州旅游回来，
中间写了作者的旅行经历，最后写了作者的旅行感悟，故本文可能是发表在旅游杂
志上的个人回忆和反思。
Passage 2
（2023·江苏南通模拟）Many people might search online for answers to
questions like whether new energy vehicles are suitable for use on high plateaus as
they prepare for a road trip to the Xizang Autonomous Region, but Mu Yiping and
his wife, Tan Yan, focused on something else.
Like so many others, the young couple from Chongqing travelled to the region
to enjoy the enchanting sight of peach blossoms in late March, but what set them
apart was that they had come with a mobile coffee van（厢式货车）. “I have been
looking forward to visiting Xizang for a long time,” said Mu, 32. “And then I had
the idea of starting a mobile coffee van business to allow me to fund my travels
as I enjoyed the trip.”
To ensure they reached Nyingchi city before peach blossom season, they left
Chongqing in late February. While crossing a mountain pass at about 4,400 meters,
they were stuck for two days due to heavy snowfall and had to eat and sleep in
the van. “Once we hit the road, we discovered that the trip might not be quite as
wonderful as we had imagined. We often had unexpected problems with water and
power, and it was also difficult to buy supplies on the road,” Tan said.
But as their mountain journey continued, so did their progress with their coffee
business, which they would set up beside the road during traffic jams. They also
began to serve new drinks.
In mid-March, as the peach trees were still budding, the couple arrived in
Bomi County， Nyingchi, and decided to stay there for a while. Despite the
exhausting drive, the stunning views made it all worthwhile. They stayed for 20
days in Bomi, eagerly waiting for pink peach flowers to cover the mountainside.
“The sight was amazing and really made our day,” Mu said. “Compared with
my last visit, I have noticed significant improvements in the quality of public
infrastructure such as roads and scenic spots, which now offer quality services.
Whether it's camping or self-driving tours, everything is so convenient in Xizang,”
Mu said.
语篇解读 文章主要讲述了一对来自重庆的年轻夫妇开着一辆移动咖啡车在享受
旅行的同时为自己的旅行提供资金的故事。
5.What made the couple's road trip special ( )
C
A.Peach blossoms. B.Means of transport.
C.A coffee business. D.Mobile workforce.
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Mu Yiping and his wife, Tan Yan, focused on
something else”以及第二段中的“but what set them apart was that they had come
with a mobile coffee van”可知，这对夫妇在旅途中做起了咖啡生意。
6.What can we learn about the couple ( )
B
A.Their van was often on the line. B.Their journey was no easy task.
C.They swung into action in mid-March. D.Their concern was justified on the trip.
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“they were stuck for two days due to heavy
snowfall and had to eat and sleep in the van”以及“We often had unexpected
problems with water and power, and it was also difficult to buy supplies on the
road”可知，这对夫妇的旅程并不容易。
7.What message did Mu want to convey in the last paragraph ( )
A
A.Xizang has undergone incredible changes.
B.Tourism in Xizang needs to be prioritized.
C.It takes ages for Xizang to become amazing.
D.The tourist season in Xizang is well underway.
解析 推理判断题。最后一段提到与上次西藏之游相比，Mu注意到道路和景点等公共
基础设施的质量有了显著提高，服务更好，在西藏无论是露营还是自驾游，一切都很
方便。由此可推知，在最后一段Mu想传达的信息是西藏发生了令人难以置信的变化。
8.Which can be a suitable title for the text ( )
D
A.Xizang: a blessing to humankind
B.On the road: the inspiration behind coffee
C.Benefiting from a stunning mountain journey
D.Enjoying a dream life in Xizang with a coffee van
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一对来自重庆的年轻夫妇开着一
辆移动咖啡车在享受旅行的同时为自己的旅行提供资金的故事。故D项最适合作为
文章的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2023·山东潍坊联考）Ding dong! I looked up from the couch. Who in the
world could that be My body was troubled with illness, so I'd . .1. . myself away.
Friends telephoned, texted, emailed and sent cards. I didn't . .2. ., thinking that I had
nothing to offer anyone in the miserable condition I was in.
I . .3. . got up and opened the door to a flower delivery. As I put the flowers
on my dining table, I was struck by its . .4. .. It was comprised of solitary blossoms
of many varieties that shouldn't really . .5. . yet somehow did. The mystery flowers
had come in a blue jar, without a card.
Instead of returning to the couch, I . .6. . the florist. He told me some of my
friends were behind the . .7. ., secretly. “They wanted to get a . .8. . to you,” he said,
“through the language of flowers.”
The group had followed him and picked very . .9. . stems after consulting an
old book. “I learned some things,” the florist said, then . .10. ., “The red carnation
（康乃馨） meant ‘Our hearts ache for you’. The yellow tulip （郁金香） wanted
to see . .11. . in my smile again. The pink carnation had a few . .12. . words to say
about never forgetting me.”
The more I understood what the flowers were . .13. ., the more I started to
remember the woman who might have . .14. . them before I separated myself from
everyone and everything. My friends knew I was still that woman, with . .15. .
beyond my health.
语篇解读 作者因为疾病开始隐藏自己，疏远朋友，而朋友们用快递送来花朵，
通过花的语言让作者重新振作起来。
1.( ) A.hidden B.given C.driven D.broken
A
解析 根据上文“My body was troubled with illness”可知，作者受到疾病的困扰，所
以把自己隐藏起来了。
2.( ) A.forbid B.accept C.act D.respond
D
解析 根据上文可知，作者把自己藏起来，所以朋友们打电话、发短信、发邮件、寄
明信片，她都没有回应。
3.( ) A.cautiously B.reluctantly C.instantly D.cheerfully
B
解析 根据上文可知，作者把自己隐藏起来，不想被打扰，所以此处指作者不情愿地
站起来去开门。
4.( ) A.size B.style C.uniqueness D.shape
C
解析 根据下文可知，这些花由许多品种的单独的花朵组成，所以作者是被它的独特
性打动了。
5.( ) A.go together B.stand out C.mix up D.fade away
A
解析 根据上文可知，这些花在一起应该不太搭配，不知怎么地，它们看起来很搭配。
6.( ) A.informed B.thanked C.rewarded D.telephoned
D
解析 根据下文“He told me some of my friends were behind...”可知，这里是指作
者给花店的人打电话。
7.( ) A.delivery B.program C.mystery D.scene
A
解析 根据上文“opened the door to a flower delivery”可知，作者的朋友暗自安排了
这次鲜花配送。
8.( ) A.companion B.message C.commitment D.gift
B
解析 根据下文“through the language of flowers”可知，作者的朋友通过花的语言给
她传递信息。
9.( ) A.expensive B.rare C.specific D.fresh
C
解析 根据下文“after consulting an old book”以及“The red carnation meant ‘Our
hearts ache for you’. The yellow tulip...”可知，朋友挑选的都是隐含花语的特定的
花。
10.( ) A.explained B.clarified C.defined D.analyzed
A
解析 根据下文“The red carnation meant ‘Our hearts ache for you’. The yellow
tulip...”可知，是花店的人在向作者解释花语。
11.( ) A.pain B.fortune C.sympathy D.sunshine
D
解析 根据上下文内容并结合常识可知，朋友希望作者重新振作起来，所以黄色郁金
香象征着快乐、阳光。
12.( ) A.modest B.tolerant C.formal D.meaningful
D
解析 根据下文“never forgetting me”可知，这里指意味深长的话。
13.( ) A.involving B.saying C.smelling D.signing
B
解析 根据上文中的“through the language of flowers”可知，这里指花在说什么。
14.( ) A.advocated B.confirmed C.required D.earned
D
解析 根据下文“My friends knew I was still that woman”可知，女人指的是作者自
己，them指的是上文朋友送的花，所以此处指朋友们认为作者可以赢得那些花。
15.( ) A.ambition B.value C.curiosity D.fantasy
B
解析 根据上文内容可知，朋友们认为作者还是一个坚强的人，作者的价值不是疾病
所能衡量的。
Ⅲ.语法填空
（2023·广东江门新会一中开学考试）Singing is one of those universal actions
that everyone can do for fun, regardless of how they sound. According to a recent
study 1.__________（conduct） at Goethe University Frankfurt, singing can be
actually helpful to your immune system. The study focused 2.______________ a
group of people who sang in a professional choir and discovered that the amount
of proteins in the blood that function as antibodies（抗体） was 3.__________
（obvious） higher after singing, so people involved in music could be less likely
4._______（get） sick.
conducted
on/upon
obviously
to get
Singing actually is the perfect physical exercise for people who are injured,
disabled or elderly. Not only 5._____ singing help increase your lung capacity, but
it helps stimulate circulation. This can lead to better results when people hit the
gym thanks to the person's increased aerobic（有氧的） capacity and newfound
physical or mental strength.
does
The simple truth is that singing makes you happy. It releases endorphins
（内啡肽）, 6.___ chemical which reduces pain and makes you feel 7.________
（happy） and less stressed. People who sing, especially in choirs and on the stage
are known to have better social skills and be less lonely. 8._________（stand） on
the stage and performing can be tough, 9.____ when you do it in a group, it can
help improve your sense of self as well as increase your 10.__________
（confident）.
a
happier
Standing
but
confidence
语篇解读 唱歌可以给人带来非常多的益处。
1.__________
conducted
解析 分析句子结构可知，此空在句中作非谓语。动词conduct与其逻辑主语study构
成动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填conducted。
2.______________
on/upon
解析 focus on/upon为固定短语，意为“集中于；关注”。故填on/upon。
3.__________
obviously
解析 此处应用副词作状语修饰形容词higher。故填obviously。
4._______
to get
解析 分析句子结构可知，此空在句中作非谓语。be likely to do为固定短语，意为
“可能做某事”。故填to get。
5._____
does
解析 本句是由not only置于句首引起的部分倒装句，此空应用助动词，主语singing
为第三人称单数，结合helps可知，时态为一般现在时。故填does。
6.___
a
解析 chemical为可数名词，此处泛指一种化学物质，应用不定冠词，且其发音以辅
音音素开头。故填a。
7.________
happier
解析 根据空后的“and less stressed”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式作表语，与
“less stressed”并列。故填happier。
8._________
Standing
解析 分析句子结构可知，此空在句中作非谓语。根据空后的“and performing”可知，
此空应用动词-ing形式，与“performing”并列，作句子的主语，且位于句首单词首字
母要大写。故填Standing。
9.____
but
解析 前半句讲述站在舞台上表演很困难，后半句提到了在团体中唱歌的好处，所以
上下文为转折关系。故填but。
10.__________
confidence
解析 结合空前的“your”可知，此处应用名词作宾语，confidence为不可数名词。故填
confidence。
