Module 1 Unit 2 Numbers 讲义 2023-2024学年牛津深圳版（广州沈阳通用）八年级英语上册

Words list
发明家___________ 科学家__________ 出生____________ 能力_____________ 可能___________
突然____________ 查阅___________ 在乡村____________例如_____________ 没有人___________
然而___________ 和…一样大__________ 灭绝____________ 寻找_____________ 此后___________
音乐家___________ 人类__________ 重要的东西____________包括_____________ 发明___________
过去常常___________ 了解__________ 许多____________ 出名_____________ 连接___________
Unit2 Numbers
Part1 reading
The king and the rice
A long time ago, there was a king in India. The king's favourite game was chess.
One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. The king promised the old man, "You can have any prize if you win the game." The old man said, "If I win the game, I'd like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second, four for the third, and then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.
" Is that all " asked the king. "Wouldn't you like gold or silver instead "
"No, just rice," replied the old man.
The king and the old man played the game for a long time. Finally, the old man won. So the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice. He put one grain on the first square, two on the second, and soon. The king quickly realized the problem-even with all the rice in the country, he would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares!
Ⅰ. vocabulary &key phrases
challenge v.
promise v.&n.
silver n.&adj
enough adj
a long time ago
my favourite game
a wise old man
in the palace
win a prize
would like to do sth
one grain of rice
the square of the chessboard
instead of doing sth
reply to sb
order sb to do sth
collect a bag of rice
realize the problem
have enough rice
the invention of written numbers
use different ways
count things
in this way
make marks on sth
help sb do sth
count from one to ten
the amount of food
be made from
develop into tools
show different numbers
Ⅱ.key points
1.challenge v. 向（某人）挑战
challenge sb. 向某人挑战
例：Do you want to challenge me 你想向我挑戓吗？
l challenge…to… 面向某人挑战
例：Joey challenged Sunny to a competition of counting 1 to 10. 乔伊向桑尼挑战一场从1到10的数数比赛。
2.promise v. 承诺；许诺
用法：promise作动词，后可接双宾语或动词不定式作宾语
promise sb sth 答应某人某事
promise sth to sb 答应某事对某人
promise to do sth答应做某事
例：Ivy’s father promised her a dress. = Ivy’s father promised to buy a dress for her. 艾薇的爸爸承诺了为她买条裙子。
promise作名词时，表示“诺言；保证”
make a promise 许下诺言
keep a promise 遵守诺言
break a promise 违背诺言
例： Ivy’s father made a promise to buy a dress for her.
3.rest n. 休息 Let’s have a rest. 让我们休息一下。
v. 休息
例：We will rest for half an hour. 我们将休息半小时。
n. 剩余部分
例：This morning Daisy ate some bread and kept the rest for tomorrow. 今天早上黛西吃了一些面包，并且把剩下的留到明天吃。
4. enough 足够的；充足的
enough既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词，但要遵循“名前形副后”的原则，即enough要放在名词前，形容词和副词后面。
例：enough money 足够的钱
rich enough 足够地富有
fast enough 足够地快
5.advice
advice n. 建议（不可数名词） a piece of advice 一则建议
advise v. 建议；作动词时，后可接名词、代词戒doing作宾语，也可用亍advise sb. (not) to do sth., 表示“建议某人（不）做某事”
例：Liz advised Eason to stop drinking so much.
利兹建议伊森不要喝那举多酒。
6. not…any more 不再
not...any longer (= no longer) 表示时间戒距离上的不再，常与延续性动词连用，强调“时间不再延长”。（现在，过去，将来都可用）He no longer lives here.
not ... any more (= no more) 表示距离上的不再，常与非延续性动词连用，指今后“再也不......”,表示不再重复发生以前的动作或存在的状态，强调终止。(将来和过去都可用)I shall go there no more.
7. so that 为的是；以便
so that在该处引导目的状语从句，从句中常有can, could, may, might等情态动词。相当于in order that。
Jimson saved money for one year so that/in order that he could travel to Africa.
吉姆森存了一年的钱，以便可以去非洲旅游。
8. the amount of 与 the number of 区别
the amount of 修饰不可数名词
例：The amount of milk is 250ml. 牛奶的量是250毫升。
the number of 修饰可数名词
例：The number of students in our class is 20. 我们班学生的数量是20。
8.number n.数字 Choose a number between ten and one hundred.
v. 给...编号 Number the pages from one to ten.
【辨析】常考短语：a number of & the number of
a number of “若干”或“许多”， a small/large number of少量；大量
There are a number of ants on the ground.
The number of “...的数量”，
The number of the apples is 40.
注意：虽然两个短语后面都接复数名词，但是
a number of.. 作主语时，谓语动词要用复数
e.g. A number of students are playing.
the number of... 作主语时，谓语动词要用单数
e.g. The number of the students is 50.
9. wise adj.充满智慧的
a wise old man 一位博学多识的老先生
wisdom n. 才能，智慧
近义词：clever/ bright/ intelligent
句型：It is wise of sb. to do sth. 你做了..., 真是太明智了。（wise形容人品，of sb.）
eg: It is wise of you to accept my advice. 你接受了我的建议，真是太明智了。
拓展句型：It is important for you to take care of yourself. （important形容事情本身， for sb.）
Ⅲ.test
1.选词并用适当形式填空。
enjoy kilometer spend good on slow the ride get when
Have you ever been cycling(骑自行车运动) This spring my elder brother and I ______ (spend) a long weekend cycling in the countryside. We rode ______ (slow) along because we didn’t want to break any speed records, or do sports. We just wanted ______ (get) some fresh air and a break from schoolwork. We really had a great time ______ (ride) along country roads. And there was one of the best things about our trip that made us happy: every few ______ (kilometre) there was a village where we could find everything we needed.
All the local people were really friendly. However, ______ the second day, something happened. We were going down the hill when my brakes(刹车) started making noise, but I didn’t mind at all. At ______ midnight we were woken by the noise in the hotel. We were tired ______ we set off the next morning, but soon felt cheerful when the sun came out.
What we ______ (enjoy) most about cycling was that it was simple and fun. I think nothing is ______ (good) than cycling if you re looking for a break that is active and cheap.
Why not have a try
Ⅱ.短语练习。
许下诺言_____________ 给个建议___________ 足够重要___________ 足够多的时间____________
挑战____________ 许多____________ 不在____________ 第九___________
意大利______________ 印度人___________ 发明___________ 智慧的___________
正确的__________ 乘以___________ 指示___________ 40__________ 零____________
Ⅲ.完成句子。
1.很久以前，中国有位充满智慧的老人叫孔子。
_________________, there was a wise man called Confucius in China.
2.他去年向我挑战计算机技术。
He ___________ me ____________ computer technology last year.
3.我将要看看我能做什么，但我不能承诺任何事情。
I will see what I can do but I can not ________________.
最后，他还是赢得了比赛。
______________, he won the game.
印度电影以好听的音乐出名。
_______________ are famous for wonderful music.
part2 grammar-数词
【教材典句】
1. There are 35 students in my class ---18 boys and 17 girls.
2. Alan is the second.
3. Is it seventy-two plus twenty-seven
句1 和句3 中含有基数词，句2中含有序数词。
(一).【语法全解】
英语中的数词分为两大类：基数词和序数词
1．基数词
基数词是表示数目多少的词，其主要用法有：
（1） 用于名词前表示数量的多少。
I have three pens.
(2) 表示时间
It’s eleven o’clock now/
(3) 表示年龄
My mother is thirty-eight years old.
(4) 表示价格
The bike is two hundred and thirty- five yuan.
【拓展】
①. 英语中没有表示万，或千的专有名词，要表示万或千等数字，借助thousand 或million 来表达。读数字时，and 常用于百位数与紧跟的数之间
256：two hundred and fifty- six
助记：基数词的读法
数字拼读有标准，自右向坐三逗分
一逗 thousand（千）, 二逗 million（百万） 三逗 billion(十亿)
自左向右分逗读，每逗百后and 连。
②.表达确定的几百、几千、几百万等，用数词加上hundred , thousand 或million,
例如：three hundred 三百
six thousand 六千
nine million 九百万
③ 如果要表达不确定的几百、几千。几百万等，要先把hundred , thousand 或million,变为复数，再加of.
例如：
hundreds of students 数百个学生
thousands of people 数千个人
2. 序数词
是表示顺序先后的词，其主要用法有：
（1）表顺序
January is the first month of the year.
(2) 表第几次
This is my second time to visit Nanjing.
(3) 表示日期
Today is the fifth of March.
【拓展】
（1）序数词主要用作定语，通常在前面加定冠词the. 但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，不用定冠词the。
Mr Lin lives on the fifth floor.
Simon is his third child.
(2)如果序数词前出现不定冠词，a 或 an 表示“再，又”。
You’ll have to do it a second time.
(4) 表示编号时， 可用序数词+名词或名词+基数词。
（二）.test
Ⅰ.首字母或者所给词的正确形式填空。
1.Nine d_______ by three is three.
2.My uncle lives on the _________(twenty) floor of the flat.
3.Louis is now in his ___________(sixty), but he is still taking some courses at college.
4.0.25 is read as zero p_________ two five.
5.December is the ________(twelve) month of the year.
6.I got a bike on my ________(12) birthday.
7.________(million) of people in the world are sending information by email.
8.It will take ___________(one and a half year) time to finish the work.
Ⅱ.词汇练习
50______________ 星期三___________ 星期六___________ 第一___________ 一年半的_________
第二__________ 第三___________ 四十___________ 第五十__________ 第十四____________
Ⅲ.数字识读。
545,569 ______________ 1,000,000 ______________ 289,998,000____________
900,300______________ 1/2______________ 9÷3=______________
(三).Writing part-应用文写作之图表介绍
引入 陈述 总结
引入: recently, there was a survey about/on…
陈述: it’s +adj(important/meaningful/necessary/significant for sb to do…+结果。The results are below/ followings. on the one hand, on the other hand…
总结: in my opinion. Try best to do/ take action to do . All in all,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Test: 请根据以下交通事故因素( factors)统计图表,以" Major causes of traffic accidents"为题,用英语写一篇简短的分析报告,向学校英语报投稿
（注意:1）报告须逐条陈述下面 pie chart和 bar chart(柱状图)中呈现的主要内容(至少5点);
（2）提出你对交通安全总的看法(至少2点);
（3）词数:80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Analysis:
衔接：it’s +adj for sb to do
陈述:there be
总结:in my point,
Major causes of traffic accidents
Nowadays, there are many traffic accident reports from newspapers, TV news and so on.
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The harder we try, the happier our life will be!