Unit1 Friends Grammar 课件(共52张PPT)牛津译林版八年级上册

(共52张PPT)
Unit 1 Friends
Grammar
Grammar
Comparative and superlative adjectives
New words
1.worse adj . 更差，更糟，更坏 （bad 的比较级）
adv.更坏地 ，更糟地 （badly的比较级）
worst adj .最差的 ，最糟的（bad 的最高级）
adv .最差地 ，最糟地 （badly 的最高级）
2.height n . 高，高度
the height of ...。。。的高度
what’s your height
你的身高是多少？
high adj . 高的
3.weight (不可名)重量
the weight of .... 。。。的重量
what’s your weight
你的体重是多少？
weigh v . 称。。。的重量，重量为。。。
4.sec . abbr.
=second 秒
5. competition (可名) . 竞赛，比赛，竞争
4.test （可名）测试，考查
have/take a test 进行测试
swimmer n . 游泳者
smallest
small
smaller
Compare them
nicest
nice
nicer
Compare them
The bike is ______.
The tractor is ______ .
The car is ________ .
fast
faster
the fastest
Compare them
The black and white panda is the happiest of the three.
The yellow dog is still happier.
The white dog is very happy.
Compare them
The first pig is quite fat.
The second pig is much fatter.
The third pig is the fattest of all.
Compare them
50kg
200kg
400kg
The first box is______.
The second box is ______ than the first one.
The third box is ___________of all.
heavy
heavier
the heaviest
The first bag is very nice.
The second bag is _____than the first one.
The third bag is ________ of all.
nicer
the nicest
The first kite is good.
The second kite is __________ the first one.
The third kite is ___________ of the three.
better than
the best
形容词有三种形式：原级，比较级和最高级，表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较，最高级用于三个或三个以上人或事物的比较。
形容词的比较级和最高级是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的，可分为规则变化和不规则变化。
基本概念
形容词的比较级、最高级变形
（1）单音节、少数双音节形容词：在词尾加 -er 和 -est
　　tall-taller-tallest great-greater-greatest
（2）以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词：在词尾加 -r 和 -st
nice-nicer-nicest wide-wider-widest
（3）以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词：把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-iest
　　easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest
（4）一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读音节：双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est
　　hot-hotter-hottest slim-slimmer-slimmest
（5）三个或三个以上音节的形容词：之前加上more, most
beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
important-more important-most important
（6）不规则变化：
good/well-better-best bad/badly/ill-worse-worst
little-less-least many/much-more-most
old-older（只指年龄大小）/elder（被比较两者有亲属关系）
-oldest/eldest
far-farther（只指距离更远）/further（指距离更远或程度更深）
-farthest/furthest
He is two years older than your elder brother. 他比你哥哥年长两岁。
He jumps father/further than I. 他跳得比我远。
Many students go abroad for further studies. 很多学生出国深造。
（7）带有形容词后缀的派生形容词变为比较级、最高级，
分别在之前加more, most，如：
useful, careful, famous, nervous, bored, boring,
tired, tiring, handsome, terrible, active
（8）一些单词的比较级和最高级既可以加-er，-est， 也可以加more， most。
e.g. clever —— cleverer —— cleverest
—— more clever —— most clever
polite —— politer —— politest
—— more polite —— most polite
Notes:双写辅+er/est
big – bigger – the biggest
fat – fatter – the fattest
red – redder – the reddest
slim – slimmer – the slimmest
thin – thinner – the thinnest
hot – hotter- the hottest
wet- wetter- wettest
sad-sadder-saddest
不规则变法 good / well better best
bad /ill worse worst
many / much more most
little less least
far farther（更远的） farthest
further（进一步的） furthest
old older / elder oldest / eldest
必背
farther一般只用于表示有形距离的“较远”、“更远”：
我家比你家远。
My home is _________than yours
further既可表示有形距离的“较远”、“更远”，还可表示“更多的”；“进一步的”；
她去国外深造。
she went abroad for _______study
farther
further
Hui Tailang is __________ (bad) than Xi Yangyang. But Xi yangyang is much __________(smart) than Hui Tailang.
worse
smarter
Xi yangyang
Hui Tailang
Let’s practise!
Adjective Comparative Superlative
1. funny
2. good
3. happy
4. interesting
5. large
6. smart
7. thin
funnier
funniest
better
best
happier
happiest
more interesting
most interesting
larger
largest
smarter
smartest
thinner
thinnest
Adjective Comparative Superlative
clean cleaner cleanest
big
cute
short
happy
lazy
bigger
biggest
cutest
cuter
shorter
shortest
happier
happiest
lazier
laziest
Adjective Comparative Superlative
thin thinner thinnest
sad
difficult
interesting
good
bad
better
best
worse
worst
sadder
saddest
more difficult
most difficult
more interesting
most interesting
Model: Donald is _________(neat) Sam.
neater than
1.Jane is _____________(tall) Amy.
2.Carl is _____________(heavy) Jack.
3.I am _______________(fat) Betty.
4.The pie is ____________(good) the cake.
5.Julie is ______________(thin) John.
6.Her parents aren’t ___________(rich) his.
7.My home isn’t ______________(far) hers.
taller than
heavier than
fatter than
better than
thinner than
richer than
farther than
Model:
Brian is __________(smart) person I know.
the smartest
1.Marvin is ______________(clever) boy .
2.Uncle is ____________________(interesting) person in our family.
3.We have ____________(large) room in the building.
4.Mel is _____________(lazy) student of all.
the cleverest
the most interesting
the largest
the laziest
adj.比较级用法　
1. 比较级 + than…”
2.which 。。。+比较级， A or B 两者比较
Which is bigger ,the sun or the moon .
eg. Now the air in our hometown is _______ than it was before.
A. much better B. more worse
C. more better D. much worst
eg. He ran even ____________ (happy ) at that time.
more happily
3.比较级前加 a little ,much,even ,a lot ,
still ,far ,a bit 修饰，表示程度。
4. 越来越……
比较级+and +比较级
eg. 1) 他的鞋子越来越脏。
2) 衣服越来越贵。
3) 她们越来越美。
His shoes are dirtier and dirtier.
more +and +more+原级
只用于以“more”构成比较级的词　
Clothes are more and more expensive.
They are more and more beautiful.
5.the +比较级，the +比较级
越。。。，就越。。。
The more careful you are ,the fewer
mistakes you ‘ll make
6. “the + 比较级 + of the two ” 　
　“两者中较…的一个”
eg. Lily is ___________ (short) of the
two girls.
the shorter
7.
　比较级+than any other +单数名词（同一范围）
=比较级+than the other +复数名词（同一范围）
=最高级+范围
eg. Spring is the best season of the year.
=Spring is better ______ ______ _______ season of the year.
=Spring is better ______ _____ _______ seasons of the year.
than
any
other
than
the
other
最高级/比较级/同级比较的相互转换：
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
=Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.
=Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.
Lucy is the most interesting student in our class.
=Lucy is more interesting than any other student in our class.
=Lucy is more interesting than the other students in our class.
比较级+than any +单数名词（不同一范围）
China is larger than in Africa .(非洲)
A .any country B .any other country
C.the other countries D. any countries
adj.最高级用法　
1.三者或以上相比, 表示最高程度用 “the + 最高级”
形物代+最高级 某人/某物最。。。
Peter is his oldest son .
2.最高级 的范围
of/among/in …
adj.最高级也可用one’s替代the
eg. Huanghe is shorter than Changjiang, but longer than the other rivers in China.
= Huanghe is ______ _______ ________ river in China.
adj./adv.最高级用法　
3. the +序数词+最高级
“第几……最。。。的。。。”
eg. Millie is the third _________(tall) in her class.
tallest
the
second
longest
adj./adv.最高级用法　
4. one of +the +最高级+复数名词
表示“最…的。。。之一”
eg. The hair clip is one of _______________ (pretty) among those ones.
He was one of _______________(fast) _____________(swim) of all.
the prettiest
the fastest
swimmers
5.which 。。。the +最高级 ，A,B or C
在三者或三者以上的比较
Which is biggest ,the sun ,the moon or the earth .
Complete the following table.
A
(A class profile)
Adjective
clean
short
cute
happy
lazy
big
Comparative
Superlative
cleaner
shorter
cleanest
shortest
cuter
happier
lazier
cutest
happiest
laziest
bigger
biggest
Adjective
thin
sad
difficult
interesting
good
bad
Comparative
Superlative
thinner
sadder
thinnest
saddest
worse
more difficult
more interesting
most difficult
best
most interesting
better
worst
Read and complete the note.
B
Height (cm) 157 170 160 173 171
Weight (kg) 45 50 44 55 53
50m swimming (sec.) 40 38 30 34 35
Drawing competition 9/10 10/10 9/10 5/10 8/10
English test 10/10 8/10 9/10 6/10 7/10
Millie Sandy Amy Peter Kitty Simon
155
40
36
6/10
8/10
1.Simon is ____________ (tall) Sandy.
2.Peter is ____________(tall) of the six students
3.Sandy is____________ (heavy) Millie.
taller than
the tallest
heavier than
4.Peter is _________ (heavy) of the six students.
5.Among the six students, Millie is ________ (slow)swimmer.
6.Amy is ___________(fast) swimmer of the six students.
7.Millie's drawing is _________________(beautiful)Peter's.
8.Sandy's drawing is ________________(beautiful)in her class.
9.Millie's English is ____________(good) Simon's. Millie's
English is _____________(good) in her class.
the heaviest
the slowest
more beautiful than
the most beautiful
the fastest
better than
the best
(Work out the rule)
We put than ________ comparatives.
We put the__________ superiatives.
after
before
5. 易混淆的：
● Shanghai is bigger than ________ city in China.
● Beijing is bigger than _____ city in Jiangsu.
A. all the other B. any C. other D. any other
6. one of + the + 最高级 + 名词复数形式
● Changjiang is one of the longest rivers in China.
any other
any
( ) 1. My mother is _______ in our family.
A. busiest B. the busiest C. busier D. busy
( ) 2. This apple is _______ of all.
A. redder B. the redest C. the reddest D. reddest
( ) 3.Which pen is _______ , this one or that one
A. dear B. dearest C. the dearest D. dearer
( ) 4. Kate is ______ than all the other girls. She is _______ of all.
A. taller , tallest B. taller , the tallest
C. the tallest , tallest
B
C
D
B
Multiple Choice
用括号内所给形容词的正确形式填空。
John is fifteen. Kate is fourteen. Lily is thirteen. John is ______ (young). But he is ____ (old) than Kate and Lily. Kate is _______ (young) than John but ____ (old) than Lily. Lily is __________ (young) of all.
Jack’s mooncake is _____ (nice) than Kate’s, but Sue’s mooncake is _____(nice) than Jack’s. Sue’s is ________ (nice) of all.
young
older
younger
older
the youngest
nicer
nicer
the nicest
On the wall there is a picture. We can see the sun and the moon in it. The moon looks ______ (big) than the sun in the picture. But in fact the sun is _____ (big) than the moon. The moon is ______ (small) than the sun.
The red bag is _____ (heavy), but the white bag is _______ (heavy) than it. The yellow bag is _______ (heavy) than the white one. So the yellow one is __________ (heavy) of the three.
bigger
bigger
smaller
heavy
heavier
heavier
the heaviest
改错
My cat is more lazier than yours.
He is the taller boy in my class.
The girl is the prettier in my school.
I like this book best than that one.
Jane is the funnyest boy in our class.
tallest
prettiest
better
funniest
clean helpful
easy cheerful
tidy important
close big
wide clever
healthy tired
hot good
sad far
cleaner cleanest
easier easiest
tidier tidiest
closer closest
wider widest
healthier healthiest
hotter hottest
sadder saddest
more~ most ~
more~ most ~
more~ most ~
bigger biggest
~ er ~ est
more~ most ~
better best
farther farthest