(5)书面表达—2025高考英语一轮复习易混易错专项复习
(一)写作策略
1. 明确应用文体裁,有的放矢
应用文是为特定目的服务的,写作动因与目的非常明确,写作格式和体例也趋于稳定。语言要突出规范性、严肃性,切忌过分繁琐、铺垫太多,文字既要简洁明了又要把要点概括齐全,针对体裁定位要选用适当的语气和语言。
2. 合理谋篇布局,有效使用语句间的连接成分、较为复杂的句式结构以及高级表达方式
在写作之前,根据逻辑关系对材料的要点进行组合、调整,充分展现考生不拘泥于材料的灵活思维。高考鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的语言结构。较复杂的语言结构通常指以下几种情况:
(1)尽量使用复合句,如在一句中加入定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、主语从句或表语从句。
(2)使用变化多样的句式,如疑问句祈使句、倒装句、省略句。
(3)使用非谓语动词、强调句型和其他固定句型。
另外,文章中词汇的运用,能够充分体现考生的词汇量和整体英语水平。
3. 平时注重系统、高效的训练,书写训练不容忽视
写作训练要循序渐进,不可能一蹴而就。可以分为词、句、文的训练周期,也可以按照体裁、题材等进行系统训练。另外,应注重选材质量,尽量选择学生熟悉、贴近生活实际且易于学生对写作信息进行输出的材料。选材时注意内容的简洁性、时态的清晰性、词汇使用的普及性和规范性,选材要有利于培养学生的创新精神。书写训练也是很重要的一个环节,字体优美、卷面整洁,可为习作增光添彩,给阅卷老师留下美好的第一印象。学生应该在老师的修正下,对作品精雕细刻,多出“精品”,乃至“极品”。
4. 确保写作时间
确保写作时间包含两个方面:
①平时训练不应拖拖拉拉,应限时完成;
②考试时要提高阅读速度,以确保书面表达有足够的时间高质量地完成。有的老师要求学生在做完完形填空后就做第二卷,最后做阅读,以确保书面表达的时间,这也不失为应试的一种小技巧。
(二)写作原则
1. 长短句原则
一个短小精悍的句子,通常可以起到画龙点睛的作用。尤其是当我们把短句放在段首时,它不仅可以承上启下,还可以揭示主题,
2. 主题句原则
一篇文章的开头(有时也可在结尾)有一个主题句,也就有了中心,然后围绕主题展开相关内容,这样的文章思路清晰,让人一目了然。否则,若把主题隐藏在文章的中间,很可能使读者感到云里雾里,不知所云。
3. 条理性原则
一般来说,如果一篇文章以第一第二、第三或首先、其次、再次等罗列要点会让
人感觉层次分明、条理清晰、逻辑性强。
4. 短语优先原则
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果正确使用短语,有两个好处:一是用短语会给文章增光添彩,自然会增加得分点;二是学生在考场上有时因为过于紧张而造成思维短路,但还得凑够词数,那么用短语替代单词不失为一种好办法。
5. 多实少虚原则
写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不能空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。
6. 多变句式原则
(1)并列(串联)
我们有时希望自己能写出结构复杂的长句,但又怕写错。要解决这一问题,最保险的写长句的方法是在句子之间加and,但它们之间最好是先后关系或者并列关系。
(2)转折
用了表示转折的词,可以使文章要点明确,重点突出。
(3)因果
文章中使用了表示因果关系的词后,可以让你的句式变得丰富多彩,语言富于变化,更具说服力。
(4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)
有时突然出现一个不合乎常理的句子,必然会吸引别人的注意力,显得与众不同。其实就是使用了主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句。
(5)附加
定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语的恰当运用,也会让人感觉你既有深厚的语法功底,又具有极强的语言表达能力。
(6)排比
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果要让你的文章更加精彩的话,可以使用多个对偶、多个不定式、多个动词、多个短语等,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势。
7. 挑战极限原则
挑战极限听似很难,但并非高不可攀。在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格之类的句子,因为学生要么想不到,要么怕写错。其实这一语法项目并不难,它只是分词的一种特殊形式分词要求前后主语一致,而独立主格则有自己的逻辑主语。
1. 上周六学生会组织了题为“美丽家乡”的绘画展,请你为这次展览写一篇报道,向学校英文报投稿,内容包括:
1. 展览目的;
2. 展览内容。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Jason 近日写信给你,想了解中国高中生使用智能手机的情况。请给他写一封回信。
内容包括:
1. 中国高中生使用智能手机的现状;
2. 你对高中生使用智能手机的看法。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Jason,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
3. 假如你是李华,你的新西兰好友Jason就"是否应该参加学校课余活动"这一问题向你征求建议,请你用英语给他回一封信。内容包括:
1. 写信目的;
2. 你的建议;
3. 表达期待。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Jason,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
4. 假定你是学校文学社社长李华,你邀请到了著名诗人Smith教授作主题为"探索诗歌之美"的专题讲座。请你在讲座前作简要发言,内容包括:
1. 表示欢迎;
2. 简要介绍;
3. 对听众的要求。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. 假定你是李华,暑假在伦敦学习,你注意到"Chinese-English Youth Cultural Travel Project"正在招募志愿者。请用英语写一封申请信,内容包括:
1. 写信目的;
2. 个人优势及能做的事情。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
6. 假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Jack送了一张画展的门票作为你的生日礼物。请你给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1. 表示感谢;
2. 观看画展的感受;
3. 回赠礼物。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
7. 假定你是校剪纸社(Paper-cutting Club)负责人李华,得知你校美国交换生Jim对该社很感兴趣,请你给他写一封邮件邀请其加入,内容包括:
1. 社团创建时间和目的;
2. 社团活动内容。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
8. 假定你是李华,你校将举办英语诗歌比赛(English Poetry Contest),请你代表学校邀请外教David担任本次比赛的评委,内容包括:
1. 写信目的;
2. 时间和地点;
3. 比赛流程。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
1. 答案:
Aiming to enrich students' after-school life and enable students to have a chance to show their hometowns, the students' union launched a painting exhibition themed "Beautiful Hometown" last Saturday.
Fifty works of painting art from students were on show in the lecture hall. Most works showed beautiful scenery of their hometowns. There were also paintings presenting great changes and development of their villages. Some displayed lovely people. What was amazing about the works was the painters' wonderful painting skills.
All those presentations were really impressive, which have deepened students' love for their beautiful hometowns. There is no doubt that this exhibition proves to be a great success.
2. 答案:
Dear Jason,
Glad to receive your letter. I'm writing to tell you the current situation of Chinese high school students using smart phones.
First of all, many students make the most of smart phones to help with their academic studies by taking online courses. Moreover, some students use phones to contact their parents or others, especially in emergencies. However, a minority of students are addicted to playing games with phones, thus having a negative effect on their studies.
As far as I am concerned, smart phones should be used properly and responsibly. Only in this way can students have quick and easy access to a huge amount of information online and enjoy the unbelievable conveniences.
All the Best!
Yours,
Li Hua
3.答案:
Dear Jason,
Learning that you are confused about (whether it is necessary to join in extra-curricular activities), I am writing to offer you some suggestions.
Firstly, it is necessary for you to participate in extra-curricular activities, which enables you to improve your practice ability and communication skills. Secondly, to set aside enough time to study, you can choose the activities that don't take up much time but are full of pleasure. Thirdly, you can make a schedule to keep a balance between your study and extra-curricular activities.
I hope my suggestions can be helpful and I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
4.答案:
Dear fellow students,
We feel honored and wish to express our heartfelt appreciation to Professor Smith for his graciously agreeing to give the lecture. So let's show our warm welcome!
Prof. Smith is a well-known poet, who will illustrate the connotations of poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme by sharing his own poems. Thus, it's a great opportunity to improve our writing procedures and skills and I am sure it will be of significant benefit to us all.
I hope all in attendance will participate positively and follow his instructions as requested. You may also take notes. There will be a minute question-and-answer session following the lecture, which will allow you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.
That's all, thank you.
5.答案:
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to apply for the position as a volunteer in the Chinese-English Youth Cultural Travel Project with the purpose of helping build stronger cultural connections between young people in both countries.
I would like to outline my advantages as a potential volunteer. Firstly, I communicate well in both English and Chinese, which means I can assist with translation during the travel. Secondly, I have lived in both countries, so I understand the cultural differences and can help bridge any gaps in understanding. Lastly, I know Chinese and British places of interest well.
Thank you for considering my application.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
6.答案:
Dear Jack,
I'm more than excited to receive a birthday gift from you. Honestly speaking, I didn't expect that I could get a ticket for the painting exhibition that I had been looking forward to attending. I'm deeply grateful for your surprise.
With that precious ticket, I went to the exhibition, which featured amazing paintings from world-famous artists. While admiring those paintings, I felt myself wandering in a world full of greatness and fantasy. In a word, I really enjoyed the exhibition.
To express my heartfelt gratitude, I've sent you a Chinese dictionary by mail, hoping you will like it. Words fail to convey my gratitude. Thanks again.
Yours,
Li Hua
7.答案:
Dear Jim,
I'm Li Hua, head of Paper-cutting Club in our school. Learning that you're interested in our club, it's my great honor to invite you to join us.
Founded in 2015, our club aims to offer a platform where students can learn, create and appreciate the traditional art of paper-cutting. A wide variety of activities are held on a weekly basis, including workshops led by experienced artists, exhibitions showcasing our members' outstanding creations and visits to museums and art galleries to deepen our understanding of this art form.
I'm convinced that our club will definitely be a journey to a cultural feast. Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
8.答案:
Dear David,
I hope this email finds you well. Our school is planning to hold an English Poetry Contest, and on behalf of our school, I am honored to invite you to be a judge of the upcoming competition.
The contest will be held at the school auditorium on October 15th. The students will be divided into two groups: junior and senior. Each group will have their own set of judges, and the winner of each group will compete in the final round. Participants will recite their own original poems, and the judges will evaluate their performances based on delivery, interpretation and creativity.
Looking forward to your coming and participation!
Yours,
Li Hua