课件23张PPT。人教版英语第29讲 非谓语动词中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：
1．动名词和动词不定式作主语；
2．动名词和动词不定式作表语，宾语；
3．动词不定式作宾语补足语；
4．动词不定式作目的状语；
5．固定短语搭配。高频考向一 动词不定式
1．构成：to＋动词原形，即：to do形式。其否定形式为：not to do。如：
The teacher tells me to finish my homework after school.老师告诉我放学后完成我的家庭作业。2．动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
?作主语
To help the old is our duty.帮助老人是我们的职责。
注意：动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。
①“It's＋ adj.＋of sb.＋不定式”表示“某人(做某事)……”。这一句型中常用表示性质、品格的形容词，常用的有good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。如：
It's kind of you to help me.你帮了我，你真好。②“It's＋ adj.＋for sb.＋不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”。常用的形容词有difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有用的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)等。如：
It's dangerous for you to climb that tall tree.对你来说，爬上那棵高树是危险的。?作表语
To eat is to live，but to live is not to eat.吃饭是为了活着，但活着并不是为了吃饭。
?作宾语
常接不定式作宾语的动词有：decide(决定)，expect(期望)，forget(忘记)，hope(希望)，pretend(假装)，try(尽力)等。如：
I want to borrow your bike.我想借你的自行车。?作宾语补足语
常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask(要求)，tell(告诉)，want(想要)，teach(教)，wish(希望)，help(帮助)，warn(警告)，invite(邀请)，encourage(鼓励)等。如：
Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜告诉她的姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。
She asked me to answer the phone while she was out.当她出去的时候，她叫我接电话。?作定语
动词不定式作定语时，常置于被修饰名词之后作后置定语，且被修饰的名词与不定式的动词有动宾关系或介宾关系。如：
He wants some water to drink.他想要些水喝。(动宾)
He has no friends to talk with.他没有可以与之交谈的朋友。(介宾)
注意：①当不定式修饰的名词是time，place或way时，不定式后的介词习惯省去。如：
He had no place to live(in)．他没地方住。
②有些名词常用不定式作定语。如：
a chance to go to school上学的机会
no time to think about rest没时间考虑休息
a way to learn(of learning)English学习英语的一种方法?作状语
They ran over to welcome us.(表目的)
他们跑过来欢迎我们。
Paul is too excited to say anything.(表结果)
保罗激动得说不出话来。
I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)
很抱歉打扰你。
注意：有些动词不定式在使用时，要省去to。具体有：
①在动词let，feel，see，look at，watch，have，make，notice，hear等动词后，动词不定式作宾语时，要省略to。但在变被动语态时，省略的to要加上。如：
I heard someone knock at the door.我听到有人在敲门。
We saw him enter the room.我们看到他进了房间。②在would you please，had better，why not，would rather等结构的句型后，要用不带to的不定式。如：
Would you please make your bed？请整理下你的床，好吗？
You'd better go to bed early.你最好早点睡觉。3．特殊疑问词＋动词不定式
能接不定式的疑问词有：what，which，how，who，when，where等。它们可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语。如：
I don't know what to do.我不知道该做什么。
I don't know how to do it.我不知道该怎么去做这事。
I don't know what to do about it.关于这件事，我不知道该做些什么。
The question is who to go.问题是谁去。【例1】 How kind you are！You always do what you can ________ others.(2015，无锡)
A．help B．helping C．helps D．to help
解析：动词不定式作状语。句意为“你总是尽你所能来帮助别人。”
答案：__D__
【例2】 My parents often tell me________too much junk food because it's bad for my health.(2016，原创)
A．not eating B．not to eat
C．eating D．to eat
解析：tell sb.(not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事”，动词不定式做宾语；由原因状语从句的句意“因为它对我的健康不利”可知，此处应用动词不定式的否定形式。
答案：__B__【例3】 The traffic signs warn people after drinking.(2015，青岛)
A．to drive B．not to drive
C．driving D．don't drive
解析：warn sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“警告某人做某事”，其否定形式为warn sb. not to do sth.。结合常识可知，交通标志应是“警告人们不要酒后驾驶。”
答案：__B__【例4】 —Why is Linlin practicing speaking English?
—________abroad for further study.(2016，原创)
A．Go B．Gone C．To go D．Goes
解析：疑问词why用于提问原因，动词不定式结构可用来表示目的，回答原因。
答案：__C__
【例5】 Students should learn how ________ problems.
A．solve B．solving C．can solve D．to solve
解析：“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”在句中作宾语。
答案：__D__高频考向二 动名词
动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如：
Saying so much is useless.说那么多没用。(主语)
My greatest pleasure is traveling.我最大的乐趣是旅游。(表语)
She enjoys going to the cinema.她喜爱看电影。(宾语)
There is a swimming pool here.这儿有一个游泳池。(定语)注意：(1)初中阶段常见的接动名词的动词或动词短语有：enjoy(喜欢)，finish(完成)，keep(保持)，practice(练习)，mind(介意)，suggest(建议)，avoid(避免)，be busy(忙于)；be worth(值得)，can't help(禁不住)，give up(放弃)，be used to(习惯于)，stop/prevent/keep...from(阻止)，look forward to(盼望)；feel like(想要)；be good at(擅长)；be interested in(对……感兴趣)；succeed in(成功)等。注意：(1)初中阶段常见的接动名词的动词或动词短语有：enjoy(喜欢)，finish(完成)，keep(保持)，practice(练习)，mind(介意)，suggest(建议)，avoid(避免)，be busy(忙于)；be worth(值得)，can't help(禁不住)，give up(放弃)，be used to(习惯于)，stop/prevent/keep...from(阻止)，look forward to(盼望)；feel like(想要)；be good at(擅长)；be interested in(对……感兴趣)；succeed in(成功)等。【例6】 Isn't it strange that the cat is used to________(lie) beside the dog peacefully?
答案：lying
【例7】 It is worth________(mention)that Nanjing has entered Top 10 Appealing Chinese Cities.
答案：mentioning
【例8】 Would you mind________(turn) down the music？The baby is sleeping.
答案：turning【例9】 Students in our class have finished________(read) the article.
答案：reading【例10】—Did you talk back to your mother when you were a child?
—Yes.But now I realize I was wrong.I really regret ________ that silly thing to my mum.(2015，襄阳)
A．do B．to do
C．doing D．did
解析：问句句意为“你小时候和你妈妈顶嘴吗？”由语境可知答句句意为“是的。但是现在我意识到我错了。我真的后悔曾对我妈妈做过那样愚蠢的事情。”事情已做，故应用动名词形式。
答案：__C__考点跟踪突破29 非谓语动词
1．Mr.Yang always explains the difficult points many times __A__ his students understand.(2015，本溪)
A．to make B．make C．making D．makes
2．My friend invited me __B__ the art club，and I accepted it with pleasure.(2015，上海)
A．join B．to join C．joined D．joining
3．In this school，the students are asked __A__ mobile phones.(2015，内江)
A．not to use B．not using
C．not use D．to not use
4．Don't forget __A__ it to me when you finish reading the book.(2015，郴州)
A．to bring B．bringing C．bring
5．Maria __A__ watch TV，but now she ________ listening to music.(2015，黔西南州)
A．used to；is used to B．is used to；used to
C．used to；used to D．is used to；is used to
6．Jane was shy.She would not invite her classmates __D__ speaking English.(2015，汕尾)
A．practice B．practices
C．practicing D．to practice
7．He can do what he can __B__ the children in his neighborhood.(2015，龙东)
A．help B．to help C．helps
8．My parents don't allow me __C__ with my friends at night.(2015，黔东南州)
A．go out B．going out C．to go out
9．The WWF is working __B__ the animals in danger.(2015，南宁)
A．save B．to save C．saves D．saved
10．His uncle would rather __C__ in the countryside than ________ to the city.
A．stay；moving B．to stay；move
C．stay；move D．to stay；to move
11．Sarah，you'd better drink more water after __D__ for such a long time.(2015，广州)
A．run B．runs C．to run D．running
12．I was tired out，so I stopped the car __C__ a short rest.(2015，苏州)
A．have B．having C．to have D．had
13．You're supposed __A__ your room up before you go out.(2015，龙东)
A．to clean B．clean C．cleaning
14．We should keep on __D__ English every day.(2015，米泉)
A．to practice to speak B．to practice speaking
C．practicing to speak D．practicing speaking
15．—Is Jack in the next room?
—Well，it's hard to say.But I heard him __D__ loudly when I passed by just now.(2015，孝感)
A．speak B．to speak C．spoken D．speaking
16．I have a bad cold.I don't feel like __B__ anything.(2015，泉州)
A．to eat B．eating C．eat
17．Our teacher tells us __B__ on the street because it's too dangerous.(2015，衡阳)
A．not play soccer B．not to play soccer
C．to not play soccer
18．Mr.Smith told his son __A__ the football match because of the exam.(2015，呼和浩特)
A．not to watch B．to not watch
C．not watching D．doesn't watch
19．Martin was so busy __A__ the old that he gave up his part-time job.(2015，上海)
A．helping B．helped C．to help D．help
20．Jim wants to hang out with his friends at night，but his parents don't allow him __C__ so.(2015，贵港)
A．do B．does C．to do D．doing
21．—Would you mind __A__ now？It's already midnight.
—Sorry，I won't.(2015，龙东)
A．not singing B．not to sing
C．don't sing
22．—Simon，what do I need to take for the hiking?
—You'd better __A__ more water than usual.It's hot today.
A．take B．to take C．taking D．took
23．—So beautiful flowers！I can't decide __B__ for my mom.
—For Mother's Day，it can't be better to take some carnations (康乃馨)．(2015，福州)
A．when to choose B．which to choose
C．how to choose
24．We should do what we can __C__ our English.(2015，锦州)
A．improve B．improved
C．to improve D．improving
