课件12张PPT。人教版英语第28讲 动词的语态中考对动词语态的考查主要是不同时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。
动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。若主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的承受者为被动语态。注意动词中，只有及物动词有被动语态。高频考向一 常见时态的被动语态
①一般现在时：am/is/are＋done.如：
It is made in China 它是中国制造的。
②一般过去时：was/were＋done.如：
The bridge was built in 1980.这座桥建于1980年。
③一般将来时：will＋be＋done.如：
She will be trained by her father.她将受训于她爸爸。
④情态动词：情态动词＋be＋done.如：
Work must be done in two days.工作必须在两天之内完成。
⑤现在完成时：have/has＋been＋done.如：
The room has been cleaned.房间已经被打扫干净了。【例1】 Everyone in our class ________ to take part in the English Speech Contest.(2015，烟台)
A．is encouraged B．encourages
C．are encouraging D．are encouraged
解析：everyone作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，可排除C、D两项；分析题干可知everyone与谓语动词encourage构成被动关系，故应用被动语态。
答案：__A__【例2】 —Your scarf feels soft.Did you buy it in China?
—No，I bought it in France.But it ________ in China.(2015，昆明)
A．is making B．was made
C．makes D．made
解析：结合选项可知句意为“你的围巾摸上去很软。你在中国买的吗？”“不，我在法国买的。但是它在中国制造的。”空格前的it指代“围巾”，它与“制造”在逻辑上是被动的关系，故此处用被动语态。由题目可知“买围巾”是过去发生的动作，那么围巾也是在过去制造的，故用一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态结构为：was/were＋过去分词。
答案：__B__【例3】 Tourists' bad behavior ________ by the government in our country from now on.(2015，陕西)
A．will record B．will be recorded
C．records D．is recorded
解析：分析句子结构可知，主语behavior是谓语动词record的承受者，要用被动语态。再由from now on“从现在起”可知，句子应用一般将来时态。一般将来时的被动语态结构为：will be＋及物动词的过去分词。
答案：__B__【例4】 In the past few years，thousands of films ________ all over the world.
A．have produced B．have been produced
C．are producing D．are being produced
解析：由in the past few years“在过去的几年里”可知要用现在完成时。“films”作主语，须用被动语态。现在完成时的被动语态结构为：have/has＋been＋vt.(p.p)．
答案：__B__高频考向二 语态用法的难点
①某些动词形式是主动语态，但含有被动的意思。如：
This dictionary sells well.这种字典很畅销。
The woolen sweater costs $88.这件羊毛衫卖88美元。
The car needs repairing.＝That car needs to be repaired.那辆车需要修理。
The soup tastes delicious.这汤尝起来味道很好。
②主动语态中有些动词，如：make，see，listen，watch，feel后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态要带上to。如：
He made the boy work for him.＝The boy was made to work for him.这男孩被迫为他工作。③动词短语变成被动短语时，动词短语后面的介词或副词不能省略。如：
The baby was looked after by her sister.这婴儿由她姐姐照顾。
His plan was laughed at by everyone.他的计划遭到每个人的嘲笑。
④形容词cheap，comfortable，dangerous，important，interesting，nice等接不定式作状语时，不定式的主动形式表被动意义。如：
A bicycle is cheap to run.使用自行车是很经济的。
This question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。
⑤形容词worth后接动名词时，该动名词的主动形式表被动意义。如：
The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。【例5】 The books ________ well.
A．sell B．sells
C．is sold D．are selling
解析：本句中主语the books是复数，sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这些书很畅销。”
答案：__B__【例6】 This pair of shoes________hand，and it ________very comfortable.(2016，原创)
A．is made with；is felt B．are made from；is felt
C．are made of；feels D．is made by；feels
解析：句意为“这双鞋是由手工制成的，感觉很舒服。”主语this pair of shoes是谓语动词动作的承受者，故用被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，用is made by；feel为连系动词，不能用被动语态。
答案：__D__【例7】 If you see the cartoon film，you will________laugh.(2016，原创)
A．be made B．be made to
C．made to D．make
解析：由句意“如果你看到这部动画电影，你将会被逗笑。”可以判断用被动语态。动词make在主动语态中，后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补，而变成被动语态时to必须加上。
答案：__B__
考点跟踪突破28 动词的语态
1．These model cars __B__ in China in 2013.(2015，北京)
A．are made B．were made C．make D．made
2．—How clean your car is!
—Thank you.It __A__ very often.(2015，重庆)
A．is washed B．washes
C．was washed D．washed
3．—Have you watered those flowers，Tim?
—No.But they __C__ by my grandpa yesterday morning.(2015，黄石)
A．have been watered B．had been watered
C．were watered D．were watering
4．I wonder when Subway Ⅱ in Harbin __B__．When the day comes，I'll spend less time going to school every day.(2015，哈尔滨)
A．is finish B．will be finished
C．was finished
5．When you __D__ a difficult task，try to continue with it and finish it.(2015，沈阳)
A．give B．are giving
C．gave D．are given
6．Pukou Railway Station __D__ in 1911 and it has become a filming location for films and TV plays in recent years.(2015，南京)
A．build B．is built C．built D．was built
7．—Claudia，are you going to Mike's birthday party on Sunday?
—Unless I __A__．(2015，益阳)
A．am invited B．invited
C．was inviting
8．—Don't you know the meeting __A__ two hours ago?
—No，I don't.(2015，泉州)
A．was canceled B．canceled
C．is canceled
9．A new school __D__ last year in my hometown.(2015，资阳)
A．set up B．sets up
C．is set up D．was set up
10．Over $30，000 __B__ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago.(2015，上海)
A．is raised B．was raised
C．will be raised D．has been raised
11．I don't understand why more girls __C__ to do housework than boys in today's society.(2015，佛山)
A．asked B．were asked
C．are asked
12．Many houses __B__ by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless.(2015，广州)
A．damaged B．were damaged
C．were damaging D．are damaged
13．The poor girl __B__ by the unfriendly boys when she told her story.(2015，宁夏)
A．laughed at B．was laughed at
C．laughs at D．is laughed
14．—I don't think sixteen-year-olds __D__ to drive.
—I agree.They aren't serious enough at that age.(2015，梅州)
A．can allow B．need be allowed
C．should allow D．should be allowed
15．—Your school is so beautiful.
—Thanks！A modern stadium and a big garden __A__ to make it nicer this year.(2015，青海)
A．will be built B．has been built
C．is built
16．Everybody __D__ deeply after they heard the story.(2015，河北)
A．moves B．moved
C．is moved D．was moved
17．—Chinese tea is popular around the world.
—I agree.It __D__ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.(2015，贵港)
A．brings B．brought
C．is brought D．was brought
18．The girl was made __A__ her brother's clothes.(2015，邵阳)
A．to wash B．wash C．washing
19．The 31th Olympic Games __C__ in Rio de Janeiro of Brazil in 2016.(2015，梅州)
A．is held B．will hold
C．will be held D．is going to hold
20．A few Chinese words，such as Tuhao and Dama，__C__ to some English dictionaries in 2014.(2015，龙岩)
A．added B．are added
C．were added
21．—Mum，can I pick strawberries with my classmates on Sanping Farm this weekend？(2015，乌鲁木齐)
—Sure.If your homework __A__．
A．is finished B．finishes
C．will be finished D．will finish
