Unit 1 Life Choices Lesson 1 Lifestyles—高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册课时优化训练
一、填空题
1.Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly _____ size and shape.
2.The great scientist's speech inspired many young people _____(explore) nature.
3._____(free) ourselves from the physical and mental tension, we each need inner quietness.
4.This medicine is quite beneficial to your _____(recover) after the operation.
5.Would it be ________(convenience) for you to pick me up at four o'clock and take me to the airport
6.Emotional or mental problems can arise _____ a physical cause.
7.When you are faced with a _____(stress) situation, part of your brain will send a signal.
8.Li Hua has organised some _____(volunteer) activities successfully.
9.Peter said he would treat me to a film, but with lots of homework _____(do), I refused his offer.
10.Numerous studies show that we tend _____(believe) we can do much better than we really can and set a big goal.
二、阅读理解
While most people are inspired by the motto(座右铭), “You’re never too old to learn something new,” Kimeila Campbell has proven that a person is never too young to bring about change. Born in Jamaica and later moving to the United States, Kimeila grew up watching her entrepreneur (企业家) mother run an event space.
“Seeing her go through ups and downs made me want to be an entrepreneur too,” said Kimeila, who sometimes helped her mum at Glitz Elite Events Studio. “I thought for my age, maybe I'm too young. But my mum said it could help other kids and teen entrepreneurs instead of just making money for myself.”
With this ambition, she started her own monthly magazine when she celebrated her 14th birthday. Her YNTY Magazine—which stands for You're Never Too Young—aims to inspire young and upcoming entrepreneurs, influencers and public figures. It is to inspire people younger than 18 to follow their dreams whatever their age.
“Nowadays, teenagers look up to rich women and men on social media and dream to be like them, without any idea of the price they had to pay to get to where they are now,” Kimeila said. “Consider your choices carefully and make goals for where you want to be in the future.”
In the magazine, Kimeila shows hot topics, daily affirmations (每日警句), as well as suggestions from professionals and those who have made it in their industries. Meanwhile, the YNTY Magazine also includes a special part in which necessary steps are given to parents of young entrepreneurs to help and guide their children. “One thing I'd like my readers to know is that... if you believe you can do it, YNTY is where you can come to find a community of comfort and confidence to support your dreams.”
Kimeila refused to wait until she's older to make a difference in the world. In the next five years, the young girl wants to make the YNTY Magazine “become available on news stands around the world, in various languages; become a household name and the kidpreneurs go to for advice and inspiration whenever they feel discouraged or overwhelmed(不知所措的)”.
11.What does the article tell us about Campbell
A. She was born and raised in the US.
B. Her mum inspired her to be an entrepreneur.
C. Her motto is “You're never too old”.
D. She wants to run her own events studio in the future.
12.Why does Campbell have the goal of starting her YNTY Magazine
A. To get to know more public figures. B. To earn herself money and fame.
C. To inspire young entrepreneurs. D. To promote her mum's event space.
13.What can readers expect to read in YNTY Magazine
A. Popular fashion topics. B. Suggestions from parents.
C. Daily jokes about business. D. Tips for parents of young entrepreneurs.
14.Which of the following can best describe Campbell
A. Helpful and ambitious. B. Organised and modest.
C. Creative and careful. D. Brave and emotional.
三、七选五
Tips on How to Study Smarter
Having good study skills is always helpful. However, there are some situations that can distract you from your lessons. Furthermore, you are likely to learn without a teacher or parent looking over your shoulder. ①_____ Here are some tips to develop good study skills.
Practise, practise, practise! Musicians practise their instruments. Athletes practise sports skills. The same should go for learning. ②______ In one study, students took practice tests over several weeks. On the final test, they scored better than those who studied in the normal way.
Test yourself. Before big tests, you may often cover up the notes, and then try to recall them. Such practice can help nearly everyone. You can put questions down on one side of the paper and the answers on the other side. ③_____ Teachers often dig deeper. They don't just ask shallow questions
Learn from mistakes. A secret of science: Mistakes help understanding. If you don't find out what the answer is, you're wasting your time. Checking the answers can make your study time more efficient. Check to see if you are right. You can then focus on what you get wrong. ④_____
⑤_____You know you should practise some good study skills, yet many don't actually do these things. Often you fail to plan ahead. So do make plans. And try to stick to a routine, too. For example, you can have a set time and place where you do schoolwork and study. And put your phone somewhere else while you work.
A. Focus on your plan.
B. You can add more skills.
C. Make a plan and stick to it.
D. Mistakes are actually the primary key to learning.
E. Try to test yourself in the way the teacher asks questions.
F. So you will have to manage your time and study more on your own.
G. If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practise.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案： in
解析：句意为:各种各样的树都有叶子,但它们的大小和形状差别很大。differ in.为固定搭配,意为“在……方面不同”。故填in。
2.答案： to explore
解析：句意为:这位伟大科学家的演讲激励了许多年轻人探索大自然。inspire sb to do sth为固定用法,意为“激励某人做某事”,此处动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to explore。
3.答案：To free
解析：句意为:为了释放身心压力,我们每个人都需要内心的平静。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,此处表示目的,应用不定式作目的状语。故填To free。
4.答案： recovery
解析：句意为:这种药对你的术后恢复很有帮助。设空处作介词to的宾语,且被形容词性物主代词your修饰,应用名词。故填recovery。
5.答案：convenient
解析： 考查词性转换。句意：您方便在4点钟来接我并且送我到机场吗？句式"it is convenient for sb. to do sth."意为“某人方便做某事”，本句是该句式的一般疑问句形式。所给convenience是名词，应填写形容词。故填convenient。
6.答案： from
解析：句意为:情绪或精神上的问题可能源于身体问题。arise from意为“由……产生/引起”。故填from。
7.答案： stressful
解析：句意为:当你面对一个充满压力的局面时,你大脑的局部会发出信号。设空处修饰名词situation,此处表示“充满压力的;紧张的”,应用形容词。故填stressful。
8.答案：voluntary
解析：句意为:李华成功地组织了一些志愿活动。volunteer可作名词或动词,其形容词形式为voluntary,意为“志愿的”,由句意可知,此处应用形容词修饰后面的名词activities。故填voluntary。
9.答案： to do
解析：句意为:彼得说要请我看电影,但是因为有许多作业要做,我拒绝了他的提议。分析句子结构可知, with lots of homework为“with+宾语+宾补”复仓结构;结合语境可知,作业是将要做的,动作还未发生,故用不定式表将来,do与but后分句的主语I之间为逻辑上的主动关系,与homework之间是逻辑上的被动关系,此时用主动形式表被动意义。故填to do。
10.答案： to believe
解析：句意为:大量研究表明,我们往往认为自己可以做得比实际更好,并设定一个远大的目标。tend to do sth为固定表达,意为“往往会做某事;易于做某事”。故填to believe。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的Born in Jamaica and later moving to the United States, Kimeila grew up watching her entrepreneur mother run an event space.和第二段内容可知,坎贝尔的妈妈激励她成为一名企业家。故选B。
12.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的Her YNTY Magazine... aims to inspire young and upcoming entrepreneurs, influencers and public figures. It is to inspire people younger than 18 to follow their dreams whatever their age.可知,坎贝尔创立《YNTY杂志》是为了激励年轻的企业家。故选C。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。《YNYT杂志》提供的内容在文章倒数第二段中:hot topics(A错误)、daily affirmations (C错误)、suggestions from professionals and those who have made it in their industries(B错误)。根据 a special part in which necessary steps are given to parents of young entrepreneurs to help and guide their children可知,《YNTY杂志》为年轻企业家的父母提供帮助和指导他们孩子的必要的步骤。D正确。故选D。
14.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Her YNTY Magazine... aims to inspire young and upcoming entrepreneurs, influencers and public figures. It is to inspire people younger than 18 to follow their dreams whatever their age.可知,她创立《YNTY杂志》是为了激励18岁以下的人追求自己的梦想,表明她乐于助人;根据文章内容,尤其是第三段中的With this ambition, she started her own monthly magazine when she celebrated her14th birthday,以及最后一段内容可知,坎贝尔在14岁就创办了自己的杂志,立志在自己年少的时候就对世界产生影响,表明她是一个有雄心的人。故选A。
三、七选五
答案：FGEDC
解析：①上文的you are likely to learn without a teacher or parent looking over your shoulder提到,你可能会在没有老师或家长的监督下学习,F项(所以你必须管理好自己的时间,更多地靠自己去学习)承接上文。故选F。
②根据上文的Practise, practise, practise!可知,本段建议要多练习。G项(如果你想记住信息,最好的办法就是练习)和本段主题相符,且与上下文衔接自然,符合语境。故选G。
③根据上文的Test yourself.和下文的Teachers often dig deeper. They don't just ask shallow questions.可知,本段建议要测试自己,而后文提到老师会问得更深,故E项(试着用老师提问的方式来测试自己)符合本段主旨,且引出下文要这么做的原因。故选E。
④根据上文的Learn from mistakes.可知,本段建议要从错误中汲取教训。D项(错误实际上是学习的关键)符合本段主旨。故选D。
⑤根据下文的Often you fail to plan ahead. So do make plans. And try to stick to a routine, too.可知,本段主要介绍要制订计划并坚持去做。故C项(制订计划并坚持执行)是本段的主题句。故选C。Unit 1 Life Choices Lesson 2 Understanding and Coping with Stress—高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册课时优化训练
一、填空题
1.The only way for us _________(survive) is to respect nature.
2.Worried about their choices of majors, most first-year college students feel very _______(stress).
3.We are busy revising lessons to seek _________(achieve) better results in the final examination.
4.Listening to relaxing music in spare time helps relieve _____(tense) effectively.
5.I remember when you were in his age, you said that you wanted to be a _____(profession) football player.
6.It is difficult to cross the desert by car, but not _____(absolute) impossible.
7.Local schools are seeking _______(reduce) the dropout rate.
8.Square dancing, seen as a way _______(relax) and exercise by some people, has brought about lots of arguments.
9.As we all know, the school sports meeting _______(organise) in October. We are looking forward to it.
10.Although _______(suffer) from illnesses for years, the old lady still faces her life with a smile.
二、阅读理解
When we're in trouble, we always turn to our parents for help. But would you like them to hear the conversations you have with your friends in the school playground or in the lunch queue Social networking sites have become extensions (延伸) of the school hallways, so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to view your online activities and conversations with friends
In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to know more about technology. However, more and more parents are beginning to realise just how important social networks are in their lives. This realisation has given many parents the motivation (动机) to educate themselves about social networking sites.
These days many people are attracted to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them. There's also a certain amount of control over privacy (隐私) that we don't get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is violated (违背) when we must accept a "fiend" request from a parent or family member.
It's a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our online lives. On the one hand we don't want to “refuse” their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel we have something to hide. On the other hand if we do accept, then we could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way we did before.
A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn't take it personally if their children overlook (忽略) their requests. When a teenager overlooks a parent's friend request, it doesn't necessarily mean that he is hiding something, but it could mean that this is one part of his life where he wants to be independent.
Perhaps talking with parents and explaining would help soften the blow if you do choose not to add them to your friend list.
11.What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. Parents have realised the importance of social networks.
B. Parents feel secure about their privacy online.
C. Social networks successfully fill the generation gap.
D. Social networks offer a chance for parents to communicate.
12.What may be the reason for teenagers to refuse a parent's friend request
A. Their parents make negative comments on them.
B. They hide something from their parents.
C. They are unwilling to be watched by parents.
D. Their parents tend to fall behind in technology.
13.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Online life. B. The difficult choice.
C. Parents' request. D. Teenagers” refusal.
14.What is the passage mainly about
A. Privacy online. B. Parents' friend requests.
C. The generation gap. D. Social networks.
三、七选五
Ways to Create Calm in Your Daily Life
Most of us need some space for calm in our lives. A few simple minutes can create much needed moments of calm. ①________ You can use these skills to create calm in your busy schedule.
Go walking. Walking is perfect and you can do it well anywhere. Simply walking and taking in the view is stress reducing. ②________ It makes room for new ideas to take root. Appreciate nature. When we think of nature we think of getting out into the open air, and that’s great if you can. ③________ Actually , nature is everywhere. Find a park or a small patch (小块地) of great green, or just stick your head out of the window! You have many ways to appreciate nature.
Listen to music. Many people listen to music to calm themselves down. Music actually lifts us out of ourselves. Discover what music works for you. ④______.
Do some activities. Certain activities like yoga and tai chi need quiet focus.⑤ ________ They are good for the body, mind and spirit. Classes are a good place to begin, but once you learn the skills, you can practice anywhere: home, school or even on the road.
Try out some of these ways and you’ll soon be practicing “moments of calm”.
A. But what if you are in the city
B. Notice the animals around you.
C. They are perfect for active calming.
D. Music is a way to express the way that they are feeling.
E It’s a time to get stressful thoughts out of your head.
F. With enjoyable music even work can be “music to your ears”.
G. You don’t have to find a mountain to sit on, or empty your mind of all thoughts for hours.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：to survive
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:我们生存的唯一办法就是尊重自然。the way to do sth."做某事的方法",其中不定式作way的定语。故填to survive。
2.答案：stressed
解析：考查词性转换。句意:因为担心对专业课的选择,大多数的大一学生感到非常焦虑。根据主语指人和feel为系动词可知此处需用形容词stressed,表示“焦虑的”。故填stressed。
3.答案：to achieve
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:我们正忙于复习功课,试图在期末考试中取得更好的成绩。seek to do sth.意为"设法/试图做某事"。故填to achieve。
4.答案：tension
解析：句意为:闲暇时听轻松的音乐有助于有效缓解焦虑。设空处作 relieve的宾语,应用名词tension,意为“焦虑;紧张”,为不可数名词。故填tension。
5.答案：professional
解析：句意为:我记得你在他这个年纪的时候,你说你想成为一名职业足球运动员。设空处修饰名词短语football player,意为“职业的”,应使用形容词。故填professional。
6.答案：absolutely
解析：句意为: 开车穿越沙漠很难, 但并非完全不可能。修饰形容词impossible应用副词。故填absolutely。
7.答案：to reduce
解析： 考查非谓语动词。句意：当地学校正在试图降低辍学率。seek to do sth.表示“试图/企图做某事”，所以需用动词不定式形式。故填to reduce。
8.答案：to relax
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:广场舞被一些人看作放松和锻炼的一种方式,已经引起了许多争论。名词way后可接动词不定式作定语,relax为动词。故填to relax。
9.答案：will be organised
解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意:众所周知,将在10月份组织学校运动会。我们都在盼望着它。主语the school sports meeting与organise之间构成被动关系,动词organise要用被动语态,再根据下句创意“我们都在盼望着它”可知,organise是将来的动作。故填will be organised。
10.答案：having suffered
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管患病多年,这位老妇人仍旧微笑面对她的生活。句子主语the old lady和动词suffer之间是主动关系,根据句中的时间状语for years可知用现在分词的完成式。故填having suffered。
二、阅读理解
11.答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的However, more and more parents are beginning to realise just how important social networks are in their lives.可知,父母已经意识到社交网络的重要性。故选A。
12.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的On the other hand if we do accept, then we could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way we did before.可知,如果我们接受了父母加为好友的请求,会有被监视的感觉,不再像以前那样随意发表评论或交流。由此可知,青少年拒绝父母好友请求的理由可能是不愿意被父母监视。故选C。
13.答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文On the one hand we don't want to “refuse” their request和下文might hurt their feelings or make them feel we have something to hide可推知,能让父母觉得感情被伤害,或孩子有所隐瞒的,应该是孩子拒绝他们的好友请求,因此 that 指代上文提到的拒绝父母的好友请求。故选D。
14.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第一段最后一句可知,文章主要围绕父母申请加孩子为好友展开,紧接着下文探讨了随着社交媒体的迅速发展,越来越多的父母意识到社交网络的重要性,想加孩子为好友,但是对于孩子来说,这是个艰难的选择,接受或者拒绝都会让自己遭遇麻烦。故选B。
三、七选五
答案：GEAFC
解析：①根据上句A few simple minutes can create much needed moments of calm．可知短短几分钟就可以创造我们需要的平静；根据下句You can use these skills to create calm in your busy schedule．可知你可以用下面的方法在繁忙的安排中创造平静。G项：You don't have to find a mountain to sit on，or empty your mind of all thoughts for hours．你不需要坐在山上寻求平静也不需要花几个小时整理思绪，连接上下。故选G。
②根据上句Simply walking and taking in the view is stress reducing．可知简单的散步和看风景就能减轻压力，后面两句均讲这样做的作用。E项：It's a time to get stressful thoughts out of your head．这个时候有压力的想法可以从你的脑海中消失，符合上下文。故选E。
③根据上句When we think of nature we think of getting out into the open，and that's great if you can．可知我们一提到自然就会想到去开阔的地方，空白处提出问题：如果在大城市怎么办？随后总结：自然随处可见。A项连接上下。故选A。
④本段主要讲用听音乐来使自己平静，F项讲音乐的作用，且选项F中出现原词复现。本段将的music，选项F中也提到music。故选F。
⑤本段讲的是通过某些活动使自己平静。上句提到瑜伽和太极活动，C项They are perfect for active calming中的they指代的是上句提到的瑜伽和太极活动，这两种活动是保持平静的很好的活动，与上句紧密联系。故选C。Unit 1 Life Choices Lesson 3 Your Life Is What You Make It—高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册课时优化训练
一、填空题
1.Research indicates that men find it easier to give up ________(smoke) than women.
2.The girl looked at me with a ________(puzzle) expression; maybe she couldn't understand me.
3.It is ________(impossibly) that an experienced engineer like him has made such a mistake.
4.Since my childhood I have found that nothing is more _____(attract) to me than reading.
5.The father is staring at his daughter on the stage, _____(satisfy) with all the achievements she has ever made.
6.We support students in taking _____(responsible) for their actions, and being active critical thinkers.
7.Hearing the ________(amuse) story, she burst into laughter.
8.After a long day, Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room, feeling ________(tire).
9.Glaciers (冰川) in the Alps Mountains are becoming more _____(stable) because of rising temperatures caused by climate change.
10.An exhibition _____(feature) Chinese civilisation was held at the Palace Museum, with more than 130 pieces or sets of precious cultural relics displayed.
二、阅读理解
Students used to be taught shop class, in which they learnt skills like woodworking. Nowadays, most schools have given up shop class in favour of academic subjects. However, the National Science Foundation STEM Guitar Project thinks that academic subjects and carpentry (木匠活) can be combined. This organisation aims to get students excited about science, maths, and the arts all at once, by teaching students how to make a guitar.
Experts forecast that technical skills like the ones used in making the guitars could be in great demand in the future. Unfortunately, many high schools don't offer students access to mechanical design skills, due to the fact that they are not on the list of standardised subjcets and the schools can't scientifically assess students' performance. But, is STEM really needed in order to build a guitar Actually, it's impossible to make a guitar without knowing science and maths.
Joshua Cruz, a design teacher, said that building a guitar also teaches troubleshooting and problem-solving skills. He thinks the STEM Guitar Project provides opportunities to challenge students to apply their own creativity to STEM problems. "I'm still figuring out how we can apply it,” Cruz explained. “I think we're going to use a lot of the same theories behind how strings and stringed instruments work and try and get them to make stringed instruments of their own, and thus improve their academic performance.
Because of its effectiveness and creativity, the guitar initiative (倡议) was offered the Gerhard Salinger award, which recognises outstanding STEM school programmes. "Through this project, we have become part of this community of businessmen, engineers and artisans," said Mark French, one of the six people who received the award for his work with the STEM guitar. "It's a great group and I'm really pleased to be part of it. I get to combine something that I just love doing with an activity that really does make the world a little bit better place. It really does help people. "
Thanks to people like Mark French, and to the STEM Guitar Project, the world is a little bit of a better,more educated, and more musical place.
11.Why are mechanical design skills unavailable to high school students
A. Students are not excited about these skills.
B. Students' performance can't be properly evaluated.
C. They are not necessary for the students' growth.
D. They are of no help to students' academic performance.
12.What benefit can students get from building a guitar
A. The ability to find faults with others.
B. The skills of making a guitar independently.
C. The opportunity to challenge scientific theories.
D. The improvement of creativity and learning ability.
13.What is Mark French's attitude towards the STEM Guitar Project
A. Critical. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Doubtful.
14.What is the text mainly about
A. The combination of skills in a project.
B. The award for the STEM Guitar Project.
C. The STEM Guitar Project promotes music.
D. The STEM Guitar Project benefits students.
三、七选五
Living a healthy life is all about choosing to make healthy choices each day. We've put together some good tips for starting a healthy life.
Create specific health goals
When you have specific goals you want to achieve, you'll be more encouraged to make changes in your life. ①_____. And then you can set smart goals that are specific and measurable to better achieve your success.
②_____
It's no secret that eating healthy food is one of the keys to achieving a healthy life. When you follow a healthy diet, you reduce the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and other diseases. More than that, healthy eating can relax you and make you happy.
Drink plenty of water
Just like tasty food, water is necessary for keeping your body healthy. Water helps you digest (消化) food, keeps you hydrated (补水), and protects your body. ③_____. This amount can vary depending on your age, weight, and physical activity level.
Exercise regularly
Find a type of physical activity that's enjoyable for you. ④_____. Being active helps you lose weight, improves your cognitive function (认知能力), and lifts your spirits. Experts suggest that adults get at least150 minutes of exercise each week.
Get enough sleep
A good night's sleep can help you avoid getting sick, keep a healthy weight, and start a good day. Most adults need at least 7 hours of quality sleep each night. ⑤_____.
A. Keep a healthy diet
B. Get into shape before school starts
C. Be positive about yourself and your body
D. The benefits of physical activity are endless
E. You should know what parts of your life you want to improve
F. Children need from 8 to 13 hours depending on how old they are
G. You should drink about 3.1 L of water a day to stay properly hydrated
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：smoking
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:研究表明,男人比女人更容易戒烟。固定短语give up后接动名词作宾语,即give up doing sth.,意为“放弃做某事”。故填smoking。
2.答案：puzzled
解析： 由下文的expression可知，这种表情是女孩感到疑惑的表情，因此使用puzzle的形容词形式puzzled"感到疑惑的"，常用来修饰人；而puzzling"令人疑惑的"，常用来修饰事物。故填puzzled。
3.答案：impossible
解析：考查固定句型。句意:像他这样有经验的工程师犯这样的错误是不可能的。此句为"it is+adj.+that从句"句型,it为形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语,形容词作表语。故填impossible。
4.答案： attractive
解析：句意为:从小我就发现没有什么比读书更吸引我。设空处作表语,且空前有more修饰,结合空后的than可知,此处应用形容词。故填attractive。
5.答案： satisfied
解析：句意为:这位父亲注视着台上的女儿,对她取得的所有成就感到满意。分析句子成分可知,设空处为形容词作状语,修饰主语The father的感受和状态,故填-ed结尾的形容词。故填satisfied。
6.答案： responsibility
解析：句意为:我们支持学生对自己的行为负责,并成为积极的批判性思考者。take responsibility for...为固定搭配,意为“对……负责”。故填 responsibility。
7.答案：amusing
解析：此处用来修饰story，使用amuse的形容词形式amusing"搞笑的，逗乐的"，常用来修饰事物。故填amusing。
8.答案：tired
解析： 由feeling可知后使用tire的形容词形式tired"疲惫的"，作表语。故填tired。
9.答案： unstable
解析：句意为:气候变化导致的气温上升使得阿尔卑斯山脉的冰川变得越来越不稳定。become为连系动词,设空处作becoming的表语,结合语境可知,此处表示“更加不稳定的”,设空处应填形容词stable的反义词 。故填unstable。
10.答案： featuring
解析：句意为:故宫博物院举办中华文明展,展出了130余件/套珍贵文物。句中已有谓语was held,设空处应用非谓语动词;feature与An exhibition之间为逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词作后置定语。故填featuring。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的... due to the fact that they are not on the list of standardised subjects and the schools can't scientifically assess students’ performance.可知,高中生没办法学习机械设计技能是由于机械设计技能不在标准化科目之列,学校无法科学地评估学生的表现,即学生的表现不能得到正确的评价。故选B。
12.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的building a guitar also teaches troubleshooting and problem-solving skills 和 He thinks the STEM Guitar Project provides opportunities to challenge students to apply their own creativity to STEM problems以及thus improve their academic performance可知,制作吉他可以让学生们掌握排除故障和解决问题的技能,还能应用创造力,并提高学习成绩,即制作吉他可以提高学生的创造力和学习能力。故选D。
13.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It's a great group and I'm really pleased to be part of it ... It really does help people.”可知,马克 弗伦奇认为STEM 吉他项目是一个很棒的项目,对人们很有帮助,所以他对于STEM吉他项目持肯定态度。故选C。
14.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的However, the National Science Foundation STEM Guitar Project thinks that ... by teaching students how to make a guitar.及后文内容可知,本文主要介绍了STEM 吉他项目,该项目旨在通过教学生如何制作吉他,让学生同时对科学、数学和艺术产生兴趣,同时能提高学生的学习成绩并培养将来社会所需的技能,因此D项(STEM吉他项目让学生受益)符合题意。故选D。
三、七选五
答案：EAGDF
解析：①根据本段小标题Create specific health goals及空前的When you have specific goals you want to achieve, you'll be more encouraged to make changes in your life.可知,有具体的目标就更有动力在生活中作出改变。E项(你应该了解你想改善生活的哪些方面)起到承上启下的作用,符合语境。故选E。
②根据下文的eating healthy food is one of the keys to achieving a healthy life及下文介绍的健康饮食的好处可知,本段建议要健康饮食,故A项(保持健康的日常饮食)符合本段主旨。故选A。
③根据本段小标题Drink plenty of water 及下文的This amount can vary depending on your age, weight, and physical activity level.可知,本段建议要多喝水,喝水的量会因年龄、体重和身体活动水平而有所不同,设空处应提及喝水的量。G项(你每天应饮水约3.1升以保持适当的水分)与下文的This amount呼应,符合语境。故选G。
④根据空后的 Being active helps you lose weight, improves your cognitive function, and lifts your spirits.可知,体育运动有很多好处,D项(体育活动的好处不胜枚举)引出下文。故选D。
⑤本段建议要有足够的睡眠,空前的Most adults need at least 7 hours of quality sleep each night.给出了成人的睡眠时间,结合选项,F项(小孩所需要的睡眠时间为8至13小时,视其年龄而定)相应给出了小孩的睡眠时间,与上文衔接自然,符合语境。故选F。Unit 1 Life Choices Writing Workshop—高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册课时优化训练
一、填空题
1.Dress at the party was _________(formal), all people relaxed.
2.I am looking forward to _________(go) back to work as soon as possible.
3.The meeting, _________(attend) by over five thousand people, was held in the square.
4.You need a variety of skills, leadership and organising abilities _____(include).
5.Nowadays, the Chinese are _____(increasing) interested in celebrating traditional festivals.
6.On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take _______(get) there.
7.It's _________(believe) that playing computer games too much does more harm than good.
8.According to the author, fish are most likely _________(find) in shallow water under waterside trees.
9.Visiting Nalati has left a deep impression on me, and I look forward to _____(return) sometime in the future.
10.When a dark-coloured cake _____(serve) on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognised it as sweeter and tastier.
二、阅读理解
High school students perform better on tests if they are in a classroom with a view of green space, instead of a windowless room or a room with a view of built-up space, according to research from the University of Illinois Department of Landscape Architecture.
It is the first study to show a relationship between studying with a green view and students' performance, said William Sullivan, head of the Department of Landscape Architecture. It's a consequential finding that if you have a green view outside your window, you'll do better on tests. Sullivan hopes the research results will lead to policy changes. Changes in school design, for example, would be a much better thing than any of the things we spend money on in secondary education today, Sullivan said.
The research included 94 students at five high schools in central Illinois. Students were randomly assigned (随机分配) to one of three kinds of classrooms-windowless, with a window looking out onto built-up space, or with a window looking out onto green space. Each kind of classroom had a similar size and layout. The students took part in one-on-one experiments in which they did 30 minutes of activities that included a proofreading exercise, a speech and a maths exercise. Following the activities, the students were given an attention test which asked them to repeat a series of numbers.
The findings: Students did better on both study activities and the attention test if they were in a classroom with a green view, Sullivan said.
The researchers suggest their findings can help planners and policymakers improve students' well-being and learning. For example, planners can choose sites for new schools that already have trees and other vegetation (植被), or they can plant many trees on the site; architects (建筑师) can locate classroom, dining room and hallway windows so they look onto green spaces.
11.What did the study find out about high school students
A. They like to have green plants in their classrooms.
B. They will get better grades when studying in different classrooms.
C. Changes in school design will influence their attitudes towards teachers.
D. A green view through a classroom window can improve their performance.
12.What does the underlined word “consequential” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Common. B. Important. C. Obvious. D. Early.
13.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. How the study was carried out. B. Why the study was different.
C. The purpose of the study. D. The result of the study.
14.What do the researchers think of the study
A. It has drawn public attention to education.
B. It can play a guiding role in school planning.
C. It has encouraged students to get close to nature.
D. It needs more support from high school teachers.
三、七选五
Everyone has bad days at work or in studies. For example, you had unexpected trouble with a project you had been working on for weeks. ①_____ Or you forgot to attend an important meeting on time and missed a good chance. Whatever the reason for your problem, the result is to make you feel more stressed and alone.
②_____ According to a research, practising gratitude can help make you happier. The next time you're feeling troubled by a problem, take a minute and think of someone in your life that you're grateful to. ③_____
Why will that make you feel better Gratitude is often a feeling when someone else does something helpful for you that they don't need to do. ④_____ It might be a relative who took care of you when you were little, a guide teacher who helped you out, or a workmate who offered you a great chance.
Remember those people who helped you, and knowing why you're grateful to them has two good points. For one, it gets you to think about something wonderful, which can cheer you up. ⑤_____
A. In those moments, a little gratitude can help.
B. You felt as if only reading could relax yourself.
C. All of us have someone in our lives who is helpful.
D. You are shouted at rudely by your partners in a discussion.
E. Then write a sentence or two about why you feel thankful.
F. It also makes you get on well with others so that you don't feel quite alone anymore.
G. There's a reason why gratitude is always showing up on teabags and in self-help books.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：informal
解析：考查词形转换。创意:聚会上人们的服装很随意,所有人都很放松。根据句意可知,此处应填informal,意为"(衣服)在家穿的;日常穿的"。故填informal。
2.答案：going
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:我期待着尽早回到工作岗位。 look forward to意为"期望,盼望",其中to为介词,后面一般跟动词ing形式。故填going。
3.答案：attended
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意这场有五千多人参加的会议在广场上举行。分析句子结构可知,空处作定语,attend与被修饰的名词 The meeting之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed形式。故填attended。
4.答案：included
解析：句意为:你需要多种技能,包括领导能力和组织能力。此处位于名词后,表示“包含在内的”,应填形容词。故填included。
5.答案：increasingly
解析：句意为:现在中国人对庆祝传统节日越来越感兴趣了。此处修饰后面的形容词interested,应用副词。故填increasingly。
6.答案：to get
解析：句意为：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得很大，我们不禁想知道要花多长时间才能到那里。"it takes+一段时间+to do sth"为固定句型，意为"做某事需要多长时间"，it作形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。故填to get。
7.答案：believed
解析：考查固定句型。句意:人们相信玩电脑游戏太多弊大于利。It's believed that...意为"人们相信……",其中It是形式主语,that引导主语从句。故填believed。
8.答案：to be found
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:根据这个作者的说法,鱼儿最有可能出现在水边树下的浅水域。 be likely to do...意为"可能做……";fish与find之间是被动关系,因此用不定式的被动形式。故填to be found。
9.答案：returning
解析：句意为:游览那拉提给我留下了深刻的印象,我期待着在未来的某个时候再来。look forward to (doing) sth意为“期待/盼望(做)某事”。故填returning。
10.答案：was served
解析：句意为:当一个深色的蛋糕被放在黑色盘子而不是白色盘子里被端上来时,顾客会认为它更甜且更美味。serve 表示“端上(饭菜等)”时可作及物动词,且与cake之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;根据主句中的recognised可知,此处应用一般过去时;cake为单数,谓语动词也用单数形式。故填was served。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第二段中的It's a consequential finding that if you have a green view outside your window, you'll do better on tests.可知,针对高中生进行的这项研究发现,透过教室窗户看到的绿色风景可以提高他们的成绩。故选D。
12.答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的 Sullivan hopes the research results will lead to policy changes. Changes in school design, for example, would be a much better thing than any of the things we spend money on in secondary education today, Sullivan said.可知,沙利文希望他们的研究结果能带来一些政策上的改变,这会是非常有益的事情,因此这是一项重要的发现,由此可知画线词意为“重要的”。故选B。
13.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段中的The research included 94 students ... Students were randomly assigned...The students took part in...和Following the activities...可知,本段主要讲的是研究是如何进行的。故选A。
14.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The researchers suggest their findings can help planners and policymakers improve students’ well-being and learning,可知,研究人员认为这项研究可以在学校规划中起到指导作用。故选B。
三、七选五
答案：DAECF
解析：①根据文章第一句 Everyone has bad days at work or in studies.可知,每个人在工作或学习中都会有不顺心的时候。空前一旬和空后一句都是人们可能遇到的不顺心的事,设空处应与前后两旬并列。也讲述人们遇到的不顺心的事。D项(在讨论中,你的同伴粗鲁地对你大喊大叫)符合语境。故选D。
②上一段列举了一些不顺心的情况,再结合本段内容可知,本段是说在不顺心的情况下感恩可以让人快乐。A项(在那些时刻,一点感激之情会有所帮助)承接上文,并引出本段叙述的内容。故选A。
③上文The next time you're feeling troubled by a problem, take a minute and think of someone in your life that you're grateful to.提到下次当你被问题困扰时,花一分钟想想你生命中值得感激的人,E项(然后用一两句话来说明你为什么心存感激)承接上文,符合语境。故选E。
④设空处前讲到当有人为你做了一些对你有帮助的事,你会心生感激,下文举例说明生活中可能会帮助你的人。C项(我们每个人的生活中都有乐于助人的人)符合语境,引出下文具体可能有哪些人的例子,且C项中的someone与空后的It相呼应,此处I指代C项中提到的“某个人”。故选C。
⑤本段主要介绍了要记住那些帮助过你的人,而且要清楚你感激他们的原因,这样做有两个好处;设空处前的For one引出了其中一个好处,由此可知,设空处应是说明第二个好处,F项(它也会让你和别人相处融洽,这样你就不会再感到孤独了)符合语境。故选F。
