Unit 2 Success Lesson 2 Top Five Secrets of Success—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时优化训练
一、填空题
1.To avoid _________(distract) himself from work, he shuts himself in the study.
2.The old man has devoted himself to _________(improve) the living conditions of the villagers.
3.Leonardo da Vinci was one of the most_________ (influence) painters during the Renaissance.
4._____(devote) to improving the living conditions of the villagers, he got a strong sense of satisfaction.
5.At the time, in many parts of the world, the skiing season _____(limit) to only a month or two, depending on the snow season.
6.Despite many failures, the boy felt optimistic after hearing the _____(motivate) words from his teachers and family.
7.Yuan Longping has made great _________(contribute) to the research into hybrid rice.
8.I find it helpful for me to be mentally prepared to face every _____(reject).
9.Aiming to get the offer, you need to convince the interviewers _____ your passions.
10.His fluency in the English language allows him to have an advantage _____ the other candidates for the job.
二、阅读理解
A Florida teen is gaining national attention with her graduation speech and a basket of strawberries. "Care for some strawberries " Brenda said at her graduation from Mulberry High School. After jokingly acknowledging there might not be enough, she went on, "These are no ordinary strawberries." She held up a series of strawberries, revealing what each represents: sweat, dirt, aches, and pains.
Brenda described herself as the daughter of two tireless farmers who immigrated from Mexico and spent most of their days working in fields of strawberries, blueberries, and cucumbers. "My motivation has been rooted in my immigrant culture." Because of this, she chose to focus on that in her address. "Many students used to be ashamed of their upbringing but today, we're proud of what makes us."
She explained how she grew up under poor conditions. "I'm motivated by my parents' hands that lose feeling from laborious work. Despite the hot sun and body pains, they back me up heart and soul in my education, which weighs more strongly with me than anything else. I must work hard and succeed." Brenda's heading to Stanford University this fall. She also credited some of her outstanding achievements to her teacher Higgins, who helps immigrant students and the poor.
Her speech has been viewed by thousands online. "Hearing it touched other people's hearts who said they understood my message, I'm struck the same," Brenda said later. The principal of Mulberry High School, Michael Young, was one member of the audience getting emotional. "The speech was very powerful—her fruit did help paint a good picture of things she wanted to convey," Young said.
As for her message to young people struggling, Brenda said, "Past circumstances aren't in charge of your future. If you're from a poor family, use every resource and try to better yourself. You're the author of your story."
11.Why did Brenda bring strawberries to her graduation
A. To share her home-grown fruit.
B. To show hardship her parents faced.
C. To better illustrate her speech's topic.
D. To explain the importance of motivators.
12.What affected Brenda most in terms of her academic success
A. Help from her teacher. B. Her life experience.
C. Her native culture. D. Support from her parents.
13.How did Brenda feel about the viewers' response online
A. Proud. B. Sympathetic. C. Awkward. D. Moved.
14.What did Brenda convey to the young
A. Life is what you make it. B. Every cloud has a silver lining.
C. Everyone deserves a good life story. D. Resources in hand decide your future.
三、七选五
Will there be an outbreak of bird flu that threatens human Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic (流行病) will occur, but do say there is a chance that the virus could mutate (变异), leading to widespread infection. ①________Here’s what you need to know to help keep yourself healthy.
Stock up on food, water and household supplies. If there is a bird flu pandemic, you’ll want to minimize your chance of catching it by staying indoors; you might even be required to stay home if the government asks that people remain in quarantine (隔离期). You’d better stock up today on at least two weeks’ essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies. ②_______
Have an outbreak plan. It may feel odd or uncomfortable to talk to family members and loved ones about the worst case-a pandemic case. But when that case strikes, you’ll all be much better off if you have a plan decided on and ready. ③________Figure out how you would care for them and what your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with those in need of special care.
④_______ Things like keeping a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting enough rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also keep you from catching the common cold. Particularly in a flu outbreak situation, it will be important to wash our hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Be diligent about covering coughs and sneezes with tissues.
Moreover, know your essential health information such as blood type, allergies, and past or current medical conditions. Make a list of that essential information for all the members of your family. ⑤_____ And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it.
A. Pick up the good habits.
B. Work out regularly to stay slim.
C. It is wise to keep it somewhere safe and visible.
D. Talk with your friends and family about how you’d respond to an epidemic.
E. It’s important to ask yourself these questions before a pandemie occurs.
F. That will help you get through an extended time at home if there is an outbreak.
G. In that case, the best thing you can do right now is to prepare for that possibility.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：distracting
解析：句意为:为了避免从工作中分心,他把自己关在书房内。avoid后面接动名词作宾语,distract oneself/sb from sth意为“使自己/某人分心”。故填distracting。
2.答案：improving
解析：句意为:这位老者全身心投入来帮助村民们改善生活条件。devote oneself to doing sth为固定表达,意为“全心投入做某事”,句中to为介词,后接动名词作宾语。故填improving。
3.答案：influential
解析：influence可以作名词或动词，意为“影响”，根据句中固定搭配one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词，意为“最……的……之一”，故设空处应为形容词，其空格前已有most修饰，故用形容词原形即可。故填influential。
4.答案：Devoted
解析：句意为:他致力于改善村民的生活条件,获得了强烈的满足感。be devoted to doing sth为固定用法,意为“全心全意做某事”,句中已有谓语动词,其与设空处之间无连词连接,结合句意可知,此处作原因状语,故设空处应用非谓语形式。故填Devoted。
5.答案：was limited
解析：句意为:当时在世界许多地方,滑雪季节被限制在只有一两个月,具体取决于雪季。limit...to...为固定搭配,意为“将……限制在……范围之内”, limit与the skiing season之间为被动关系,此处应为其被动形式,表示滑雪季节受到限制;根据时间状语At the time可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,主语the skiing season为单数,谓语应用单数形式。故填was limited。
6.答案：motivating
解析：句意为:尽管失败了很多次,这个男孩在听到老师和家人鼓励的话后仍感到很乐观。设空处修饰名词words,应用形容词,且表示的是名词的性质,应用-ing结尾的形容词。故填motivating。
7.答案：contributions
解析：句意为:袁隆平为杂交水稻的研究做出了很大的贡献。make a contribution to...或make contributions to...为固定搭配,意为“为……做出贡献”。故填contributions。
8.答案：rejection
解析：句意为:我发现从心理上做好准备去面对每一次拒绝对我来说是有帮助的。设空处作动词face的宾语,且被every修饰,应填名词单数形式。故填rejection。
9.答案：of
解析：句意为:为了得到这个机会,你需要使面试官相信你(对这份工作)的热情。convince sb of sth为固定搭配,意为“使某人相信某事”。故填of。
10.答案：over
解析：句意为:他会说一口流利的英语,这使他比该岗位的其他求职者更有优势。have an advantage over sb为固定搭配,意为“比某人有优势”。故填over。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的She held up a series of strawberries, revealing what each represents: sweat, dirt, aches, and pains, 和下文对布伦达演讲内容的描述以及倒数第二段中的 her fruit did help paint a good picture of things she wanted to convey可知,布伦达带草莓来参加毕业典礼是为了更好地诠释她演讲的主题。故选C。
12.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段布伦达的讲述,她的父母全心全意地支持着她的教育,这对布伦达来说比其他任何东西的影响都大。因此,对她的学业成就影响最大的是她父母的支持。故选D。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的"Hearing it touched other people's hearts who said they understood my message, I'm struck the same," Brenda said later.可知,布伦达面对观众在网上的反应心生感动。短语 be struck意为“被打动”。故选D。
14.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段布伦达的话可知,她认为过去的境况并不能主宰你的未来,你才是自己的故事的作者。由此推知,她想给年轻人传达的信息是“生活是你自己创造的”。故选A。
三、七选五
答案：①-⑤ GFDAC
解析：①推理判断题。根据上文Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic(大流行病)will occur, but do say there is a chance that the virus could mutate(变异),leading to widespread infection.(许多专家对人类大流行病何时或是否会发生意见不一,但确实表示,病毒有可能发生变异,导致广泛感染。)可知,选项G中In that case指代上文提到的“病毒有可能发生变异,导致广泛感染”这种情况,结合空后here's what you need to know to help keep yourself healthy.(以下是你需要知道的帮助你保持健康的建议。)判断,选项G.In that case, the best thing you can do right now is to prepare for that possibility.(在这种情况下,你现在能做的最好的事情就是为这种可能性做好准备)符合上下文语境。故选G。
②推理判断题。根据上文You'd better stock up today on at least two weeks' essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies.(今天你最好储备至少两周的必需品,如水、食物、急救和医疗用品。)可知,选项F.That will help you get through an extended time at home if there is an outbreak.(如果爆发的话,这将帮助您延长在家的时间。)与上文衔接,符合语境。故选F。
③推理判断题。根据本段主题句Have an outbreak plan.(就应对爆发,做一个计划。)可知,本段旨在建议读者提前做应对计划。下文Figure out how you would care for them and what your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with those in need of special care.(弄清楚你会如何照顾他们,你的第一反应和责任是什么;这是与需要特别照顾的人进行的一次特别重要的谈话。)指出计划内容包含和家人朋友进行一次谈话。所以选项D.Talk with your friends and family about how you'd respond to an epidemic.(与您的朋友和家人讨论您如何应对这种流行病。)“与前后文联系紧密。故选D。
④段落大意题。空处位于句首,根据下文Things like keeping a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting enough rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also keep you from catching the common cold.(保持均衡的饮食、定期锻炼和充足的休息可以帮助你在疾病爆发时保持健康,也可以防止你患上普通感冒。)可知,本段主要建议读者保持均衡饮食,定期锻炼,充足休息等健康的生活习惯。选项A.Pick up the good habits.(养成好习惯。)可作为本段主题句。故选A。
⑤推理判断题。根据上文Make a list of that essential information for all the members of your family(为你的所有家庭成员列出一份重要信息清单。)和下文And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it.(并确保你家中的每个人都知道在哪里可以找到它)可知,前文建议读者做一个重要信息清单,后文仍然在讨论这一份信息清单。选项C.It is wise to keep it somewhere safe and visible.(将其放置在安全可见的地方是明智的。)谈及该清单放置的地方,与上下文联系紧密。故选C。Unit 2 Success Lesson 3 Getting to the Top—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时优化训练
一、填空题
1.The nurses are tending to the _____(injure) carefully.
2.The new bedroom measures three metres in _____(long).
3.It was _____(normal) for him to turn up late, for he set off early.
4.About 1,500 active volcanoes can be found across the world though _____(count) others are sleeping on the ocean floor.
5.The students benefiting most from college are those who are totally engaged in _____(academy) life.
6.The small town has been in _____(ruin) after the earthquake for many years.
7.I am _____(extreme) delighted to hear your passing the exam.
8._____ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.
9.The man born _____ a disability became the champion of the Paralympics, which was very honourable.
10.Besides those measures in schools, 47 football training camps have also been built in _____ effort to promote the sport among young people.
二、阅读理解
Personal growth doesn't necessarily only happen when the conditions are perfect. Seeds tend to develop only when conditions are right. A seed will remain dormant (休眠的) until moisture (湿度) and temperature are favourable for growth. Unfortunately, as humans, we don't always have the luxury of growing when conditions are just right. Sometimes you must cultivate personal growth and flower where you're planted, often in spite of external circumstances.
For much of my life, I let external circumstances determine my happiness. If things weren't going well, then I wasn't well. I told myself that I would be happier if conditions were right. With this mindset, I gave myself permission to stay emotionally dormant. I was waiting for things around me to change before I would do the work to become a better version of myself. In other words, I made my personal growth conditional on external circumstances.
The problem with waiting for change outside of yourself is that you might have to wait a very long time, maybe even forever. And if you stay dormant while waiting, you aren't growing. You're simply stuck in place. You certainly aren't becoming the better version of yourself that you want to be.
If you want to engage in personal growth, like planting seeds, you have to do some work to make it happen. You can't wait around for everything to fall into place. Start with pulling up your emotional weeds. Examine yourself and remove the negative thoughts and behaviours that are holding you back. Then, work on the foundation that you have. Practise positive life habits that build your self-respect and happiness.
Personal growth is something you can struggle for. It may not come naturally, but when you develop this mindset, you will flower no matter where you're planted.
11.What is the author's purpose in writing the first paragraph
A.To stress the importance of personal effort in growth.
B.To complain about the lack of perfect conditions.
C.To highlight the influence of external circumstances.
D.To compare human development and seed growth.
12.Which of the following affected the author's growth most in the past
A.Personal experiences. B.Outside environment.
C.A sense of timing. D.Positive thoughts.
13.What does the author advise people to do to better themselves
A.To look for the right conditions.
B.To get emotionally prepared for failures.
C.To stop waiting and take action.
D.To keep themselves pure through gardening.
14.What is the best title for the text
A.Happiness: You Are Your Own Master
B.Life Journey: Insist Till Efforts Bear Fruits
C.Growth: Flower in Any Circumstances
D.Life Changes: The Chance Is in Your Possession
三、七选五
During job or school interviews, you're likely to be asked what your strengths and weaknesses are, because the interviewers are interested in how your areas of strength and weakness might affect your performance in this role. ①_____ For instance, you may be skilled in cooking, but if you're applying for an office job, this strength may be irrelevant.
However, knowing your personal areas of strength and weakness is not a piece of cake. It takes self-awareness and self-reflection. ②______ Or, ask some of your friends what they see as your best qualities or shortcomings.
③______ For example, let's say my strength is creativity and yours is planning; we both want to have the same career. We might go about getting there in very different ways. If I did something creative to get my dream job and you planned carefully, we'd both likely be successful. But if I tried planning and you tried something creative, both of us might fail. ④_____
Having an area of weakness doesn't have to be a bad thing. It could be something you struggle with, but it could also be something you haven't spent time developing yet. ⑤_____ For example, maybe your area of weakness is gratitude. You just haven't spent a lot of time thinking about gratitude before. But now you engage in a bunch of activities that help you turn gratitude into an area of strength. Hey, now you've got one more skill!
A.Is it proper to begin with a truthful answer
B.So ask yourself what you are good at or weak in.
C.Our areas of strength can help us achieve our goals.
D.Thus,it's helpful to know your strengths related to the role.
E.Many job applicants are unsure how to approach this question.
F.By turning a weakness into a strength, you build other important skills.
G.That's why it is important to know and use our strengths to reach goals.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：injured
解析：句意为:护士们正在仔细地照顾伤者。“the+adj.”可表示一类人,如the poor、the rich, the elderly、the old等。故填injured。
2.答案：length
解析：句意为:这间新卧室的长度为三米。“……长/宽高三米”的表达为“three metres in+length/width/height'”或者“three metres long/wide/high”。故填length。
3.答案：abnormal
解析：句意为:他来晚了,这不太正常,因为他很早就出发了。根据语境可知,应填写normal的反义词,表示“不正常的”。故填abnormal。
4.答案：countless
解析：句意为:世界各地大约有1,500座活火山,但还有无数活火山沉睡于海底。设空处修饰不定代词others,应用形容词:根据语境可知,此处表示“无数的:多得数不清的”。故填countless。
5.答案：academic
解析：句意为:从大学中受益最多的学生是那些全身心投入学术生活的人。设空处作定语,修饰life,表示“学术的”,应用形容词形式。故填academic。
6.答案：ruins
解析：句意为:地震过后，这个小镇破败了好多年了。be in ruins 为固定搭配，意为“（建筑物)倒塌;破败不堪”。故填ruins。
7.答案：extremely
解析：句意为：听到你通过考试的消息，我真的很高兴。设空处修饰形容词delighted，应填副词。故填extremely。
8.答案：The
解析：句意为:布朗一家住在多伦多市外的一栋公寓大楼里分析句子结构可知,设空处与Brown family构成名词短语作主语。“the+姓氏+family”意为“某某一家人”,此处应用定冠词the。同时该空置于句首,首字母应大写。故填The。
9.答案：with
解析：句意为:这个天生残疾的人成了残奥会冠军,这非常值得敬佩。be born with为固定搭配,意为“生来带有;生来具有”,此处为其非谓语形式作后置定语。故填with。
10.答案：an
解析：句意为:为了努力在年轻人中推广这一运动,除了校内的那些举措外,还建立了47个足球训练营。固定短语in an effort to do sth表示“努力做某事”。故填an。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：A
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中的Unfortunately, as humans, we don't always have the luxury of growing when conditions are just right. Sometimes you must cultivate personal growth and flower where you're planted, often in spite of external circumstances.可知,作者认为我们并不总能在条件适合的时候生长,所以,我们必须培养自己,实现个人成长。由此可知,作者在第一段中强调了个人努力在成长中的重要性。故选A。
12.答案：B
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的I was waiting for things around me to change before I would do the work to become a better version of myself. In other words, I made my personal growth conditional on external circumstances..可知,过去外界的环境对作者的成长影响最大。故选B。
13.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的If you want to engage in personal growth, like planting seeds, you have to do some work to make it happen. Practise positive life habits that build your self-respect and happiness.可推知,作者认为如果想要成为更好的自己,我们不能坐等一切,应该立即采取行动,从而实现个人成长。故选C。
14.答案：C
解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Unfortunately, as humans, we don't always have the luxury of growing when conditions are just right. Sometimes you must cultivate personal growth and flower where you're planted, often in spite of external circumstances.及最后一段内容再结合全文内容可知,文章主要论述的是个人的成长不能总依赖外部环境,更主要的是个人的努力。只有这样,不管我们被“种植”在哪儿,我们都会“开花”。由此可知,C项(成长:在任何情况下都能“开花”)能概括文章内容,适合作为本文的标题。故选C。
三、七选五
答案：DBCGF
解析：①根据设空处上文语境和下文的例子可知，设空处内容应与“优势与职位是否相关”有关：D项指出，知晓与职位有关的优势是有帮助的，且选项中的Thus为关键词，指出上文与其是因果关系，符合语境。故选D。
②根据设空处上文可知，认识到自己的优势和劣势不是一件容易的事情，空后的Or引出了解自身优势的方法，由此可推断，设空处内容也应与“如何了解自己的优势”相关。B项内容承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
③设空处为本段的主题句，根据下文的例子可知，该段旨在说明我们利用好优势会促进成功：C项指出，我们的优势可以帮助我们实现目标，与下文举例内容吻合，且概括了本段的主题，符合语境。故选C。
④根据设空处上文可知，知道并合理利用优势能促进我们成功，但是利用不当便会失败：G项中的Tat指代的内容即为空前的内容，且上文与G项构成因果关系，总结本段内容，符合语境。故选G。
⑤根据设空处下文的例子可知，劣势有时候可以转化为优势，F项指出通过把劣势变成优势就能培养其他重要的技能，符合语境。故选F。Unit 2 Success Writing Workshop—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时优化训练
一、填空题
1.He tends to explore more with the _____(expand) of interest in science.
2.Something large was found _____(float) in the sea about a mile away from the shore.
3.It was the first time the little girl _____(attain) such great praise from her parents.
4.You can always get your writing _____(check) by reviewers at the website Daily Themes before you share it.
5.Frankly speaking, I will not have you _____(treat) the elderly in such a rude manner.
6.The little girl can't wait to open her gift with _____(excite).
7.Forecasters say the snowstorm may not be as bad as they _____(initial) predicted.
8.I turned to find him _____(come) towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
9.The young man said all along that he didn't steal money and insisted that he _____(set) free instantly.
10.No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left _____(want) more next time.
二、阅读理解
Kenny Lake School in Copper Centre, Alaska, is small, with about 60 students from kindergarten to high school seniors. Jennifer Hodges, a teacher, said, "My students sit only at desks for 20 minutes a day. They do a lot of practical learning, such as raising salmon (鲑) from eggs to fry (鱼苗) and then releasing them into lakes."
It is through a programme called Salmon in the Classroom. Kate Morse, programme director of the Copper River Watershed Project, is in charge of the programme. With this project, students have a completely different attitude because they know what it takes to actually go through the stages of a salmon.
They think learning about habitat temperature and the effects of climate change is more crucial now than ever. In 2022, the Arctic had its sixth-warmest year on record. But this is unusual for raising salmon, which require cold water to survive. "We had a failure in our equipment and it brought the temperature up about five degrees," said Hodges. "Just warming it that much just wiped out our eggs."
They can also observe how deadly pollutants can be to salmon's habitat. During the months when the salmon are in the classroom, students like to sit by the tank to observe. "For instance, putting hand sanitiser(消毒剂) on your hands and then putting your fingers in the tank , you've polluted the tank," said Hodges.
Each year in May, she takes her students on the Salmon Field Trip, where they will name the fish and get to release the salmon they've raised in class.
"The best part is getting to release them after watching them hatch from eggs and grow into fry and taking care of them," said Fisher, a student. "You get to say goodbye."
"I went to release them last year and the lake was still covered with ice," said Styrling, a student. "I fell in. It was cold, but it was still funny."
11.What do we know about the students in Kenny Lake School
A. They raise salmon for eggs. B. They always sit at desks all day.
C. They can receive hands-on education. D. They can combine leaning with hobbies.
12.Why is the programme mentioned in Paragraph 2
A. To stress the role the programme has played.
B. To introduce the founder of the programme.
C. To explain ways that students raise salmon.
D. To emphasise Kate Morse's responsibility.
13.Which statement is supported by Hodges
A. Climate change has a minimal impact on salmon habitats.
B. Salmon eggs are sensitive to the rise of water temperature.
C. Their equipment failure caused a decrease in water temperature.
D. Students observe the tank to learn about pollution caused by salmon.
14.What is the students' attitude to raising salmon
A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Neutral. D. Indifferent.
三、七选五
Entering a university is an important part of a person's life. Today, many people go to a university to study and train for a future job in subjects like law, medicine or education. ①_____ An important one started in Egypt over one thousand years ago.
One of the world's oldest surviving universities, Al-Azhar, is in Cairo, Egypt. It was first built as a mosque for religion in 972. A few years later, learners and teachers began meeting in the mosque. They read and talked about the subject of religion and law. ②_____ Leaders in the city of Cairo decided to create a school for higher learning and soon after that, Al-Azhar University was founded.
③_____ For these teachers at Al-Azhar, they needed to think about what courses to teach and how to teach them. The earliest courses were in law and religion. In a course, students read and studied with the teachers, but there was also free discussion. Often, students and teachers had interesting discussions, and there was no “right” answer. In the years that followed, the new university interested scholars from around the world. ④_____ At Al-Azhar, people studied the past, but it was also a place for sharing new ideas.
Over a thousand years later, Al-Azhar is still an important university in the world. ⑤_____ Today, many of the world's most important universities such as Oxford and Harvard still follow the same traditions as they do at Al-Azhar.
A. A university was a new idea at that time.
B. They came here to teach and do research.
C. There are many reasons to study in Egypt.
D. Around the year 988, a new decision was made.
E. However, the university is not a modern invention.
F. The cost of university education is increasing year by year.
G. Its library contains many of the world's oldest and most valuable books
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：expansion
解析：句意为:随着对科学更加感兴趣,他往往会进行更多的探索。设空处作介词with的宾语,且被定冠词the和of引起的介词短语修饰,应用名词,此处特指“他对科学的兴趣的增加”。故填expansion。
2.答案： floating
解析：句意为:在离海岸大约一英里(约1,609米)远的海里发现了一个漂浮者的大型物体。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构的被动形式,因此设空处作主语补足语,float和其逻辑主语Something large之间为主动关系,此处表示主动和正在进行的含义,应用现在分词作主补。故填floating。
3.答案：had attained
解析：句意为:这是这个小女孩第一次从父母那里得到如此大的费扬。it was the first time (that) sb had done sth为固定句式,意为“这是某人第一次做某事”,主句用一般过去时,that从句中常使用过去完成时。故填had attained。
4.答案： checked
解析：句意为:在你分享文章之前,你可以随时在Daily Themes网站上让审查者检查你的文章。分析句子结构可知,此处为“get+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,check和writing之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故填checked。
5.答案：treating
解析：句意为:坦白说,我是不会容忍你以那样粗鲁的方式对待老人的。have sb doing sth用于否定句意为“容忍某人做某事”。故填treating。
6.答案： excitement
解析：句意为:这个小女孩怀着激动的心情迫不及待地要打开她的礼物。根据介词with的提示可知,设空处应用名词,作介词的宾语。故填excitement。
7.答案： initially
解析：句意为:气象预报员表示,这场暴风雪可能没有他们最初预报的那么严重。设空处作状语,修饰动词 predicted,应用副词。故填initially。
8.答案： coming
解析：句意为:我转过身,发现他正朝我走来,他小小的身体正摇晃着往前走。分析句子可知,设空处为非谓语动词作宾补,come与宾语him之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故使用其现在分词形式。故填coming。
9.答案：(should) be set
解析：句意为:这位年轻人一直说他没有偷钱,并坚决要求马上释放他。insist作“坚称”讲时,其后的宾语从句用陈述语气;作“坚决要求”讲时,其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。结合句意可知,此处insisted表示“坚决要求”,从句谓语用虚拟语气;且he和set之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。故填(should) be set。
10.答案：wanting
解析：句意为:然而,无论我在哪里买小笼包,一笼总是不够吃,而两笼又显得我太贪吃了,所以每次我总是想着下次要多吃点。分析句子成分可知,,本分句已有谓语 am left,故此空应用非谓语动词;“leave+宾语+宾补”结构表示“让……处于……(某种状态)”,此处为其被动形式,原本的宾补转换为主补, want与I之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故应用现在分词作主语补足语。故填wanting。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知,学生们很少在课桌前坐着上课,他们参与很多实践活动,所以这所学校的学生接受的是实践教育。故选C。
12.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知,学生们的实践课是通过该项目实现的。结合下文可知,学生们通过该项目可以了解到繁殖鲑鱼的每个阶段需要什么。因此,提到该项目是为了强调这个项目的重要作用。故选A。
13.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段霍奇斯的话可知,温度提高5度,就可以摧毁全部鲑鱼卵,因此,鲑鱼卵对水温上升很敏感。故选B。
14.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。倒数第二段中,学生费希尔认为,看着鲑鱼从卵中孵化出来,长成鱼苗,并照顾它们,然后把它们放生,这个过程是最棒的。根据尾段斯蒂尔林的话可知,他在放生的时候掉进了水里,却觉得很有趣。再结合第二段最后一句话可知,学生们对于养殖鲑鱼的态度是积极的。neutral意为“中立的”;indifferent意为“漠不关心的”。 故选A。
三、七选五
答案：EDABG
解析：①空前的Today, many people go to a university to study and train for a future job in subjects like law, medicine or education.讲的是现在人们去上大学的情况,空后的An important one started in Egypt over one thousand years ago.讲的是一所重要的大学于一千多年前在埃及创办,所以此空应起到承上启下的作用。E项指出大学不是现代的一个发明,承接上文,且与下文衔接紧密。E项中的modern与空后的 over one thousand years ago是对应关系。故选E。
②根据空前内容和空后的Leaders in the city of Cairo decided to create a school for higher learning and soon after that, Al-Azhar University was founded.可知,设空处应承接上文并引出下文的决定。D项中的decision与空后的 decided 相呼应。故选D。
③根据设空处后提到爱资哈尔大学的老师需要思考教什么课程以及如何去教可知,设空处应解释出现这种情况的原因,再结合选项可知,A项(大学在当时是一个新的想法)与空后内容衔接紧密,符合语境。故选A。
④根据空前的In the years that followed, the new university interested scholars from around the world.可知,设空处应解释这些学者来到这所大学所做的事情。B项符合语境,其中的They 指代空前的scholars。故选B。
⑤根据空前的Over a thousand years later, Al-Azhar is still an important university in the world.可知,本段主要介绍这所大学的影响力。G项(它的图书馆收藏了许多世界上最古老、最有价值的书籍)符合语境。故选G。Unit 2 Success Lesson 1 Money vs Success—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册课时优化训练
一、填空题
1.Living without an aim _____(be) like sailing without a compass.
2.I really appreciate _____(give) the chance to present my opinions on AI at the meeting.
3.I remembered _____(lock) the door before I left the office, but when I got back, I found the door open.
4.The new graduate is _____(ambition) to conduct the survey by himself.
5.Young people may risk _____(go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
6.He gradually becomes _____(appreciate) of the meaning of life and its permanent spiritual values.
7.In other words, you _____(ultimate) have to make your own judgements.
8._____(travel) to Jiangsu's rural villages, many of which look like beautiful postcard scenes, might be totally different from what you have imagined.
9.It is worthwhile considering what makes convenience foods so popular, and _____(introduce) better ones of your own.
10.Without our phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours, without _____(distract) by messages from other people.
二、阅读理解
Frederick Banting hated school. Having grown up on a farm near Alliston, Ontario, Fred was a good worker but felt uncomfortable and unaccepted in a town school. After graduation, he began studies to become a minister. When that did not go well, he changed his goal to medicine. World War I arrived, and the great need for field medics (医护人员) facilitated the early graduation of Fred. After the war, the young Canadian doctor returned home to set up his practice. Just then he began to focus on articles on diabetes (糖尿病), a disease that had claimed the life of a neighbour's child.
To solve the problem of this disease, Fred approached Dr J.J.R. MacLeod at the University of Toronto and eventually convinced Dr MacLeod to support him. In 1920, Fred happily entered a poorly equipped laboratory and was given a young assistant named Charles Best. Fred and Charles worked day and night, but early results of producing the hormone (激素) preparation they called insulin (胰岛素) were discouraging. Many of the animals they treated died. Finally one animal survived for several weeks. The team appeared to be finally getting somewhere, and it was time to move on to human subjects. Before treating human patients, however, Fred and Charles tested the safety of their insulin on each other. Their tests were a triumph.
The first patient to be treated was a fourteen-year-old boy named Leonard. The year was 1921. The poor boy weighed only seventy-five pounds, and he was barely alive. But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success. Leonard gained weight, and his health dramatically improved.
In 1923, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to Canadian doctors Frederick Banting and J.J.R. MacLeod. Fred could have made himself a millionaire with his discovery. Instead, he sold his patent for the production of insulin to the University of Toronto—for one dollar—so that the drug could be marketed cheaply and thousands of lives could be saved and improved. Thanks to Fred, diabetics are able to live normal lives.
11.What does Paragraph 1 focus on
A. Why Fred graduated early.
B. How Fred took up the research on diabetes.
C. Why Fred changed his life goal.
D. What Fred experienced in World War I.
12.What does the underlined word “triumph” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Success. B. Reference. C. Challenge. D. Demonstration.
13.Why did Fred sell his patent
A. To make money. B. To earn a reputation.
C. To benefit patients. D.To promote insulin.
14.Which of the following is probably the best title for the text
A. A Successful Test B. A Famous Doctor
C. An Unusual Hero D.A Great Discovery
三、七选五
You probably already know what self-regulation is, even if you are not aware of the term. ①_____
Self-regulation refers to the ability to control your behaviour and manage your thoughts and emotions inappropriate ways. It involves being aware of your behaviour and how it helps you reach your goals. ②_____ The Collins dictionary defines it as “the controlling of a process or activity by the people or organisations that are involved in it rather than by an outside organisation”. The American Psychological Association defines it as “the control of one's behaviour through self-monitoring, self-evaluation, and self-reinforcement”.
Self-regulation is very important because it can help us deal with stress. We all know that sometimes stress is bad for our health, which can cause mood swings and difficulty concentrating. ③_____ For example, if a person is upset, sad, or angry, self-regulation helps him regulate his feelings and then behave in an acceptable and productive way.
In addition, self-regulation can also help people handle conflict and strengthen relationships and overall well-being. It can help people calm down after something annoying has happened and refocus their attention on other tasks. ④_____ People with good self-regulation skills are able to assess whether their behaviour is appropriate and can redirect themselves as needed.
⑤_____So we can try different approaches to find the proper one. You may be able to keep stress under control by using stress management techniques such as deep breathing, exercise, and getting enough sleep.
Self-regulation is an essential skill for physical, social, emotional and mental well-being. It does not always come easily to people, but there are techniques that can help you develop and strengthen your self-regulation.
A. Take time each day to make new plans for tomorrow.
B. There are different descriptions of the definition of self-regulation.
C. In fact, like many coping skills, self-regulation can be improved.
D. It takes firm determination and a strong will to develop a new habit.
E. Then try to behave properly and adjust to getting along with other people.
F. It is essential to learn more about self-regulation and understand how to strengthen it.
G. But self-regulation can help people handle emotions like frustration or disappointment.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案： is
解析：句意为:生活没有目标,犹如航海没有罗盘。单个的动名词短语作主语,谓语动词要用单数。故填is。
2.答案： being given
解析：句意为:我非常感谢能有机会在会议上提出我对人工智能的看法。appreciate doing sth为固定搭配,意为“感激做某事”,此处应用动名词作宾语;根据语境可知,I与give之间为逻辑上的被动关系,表示“被给予这个机会”,应用动名词的被动式。故填being given。
3.答案： locking
解析：句意为:我记得我离开办公室前锁了门,但是当我返回时,我发现门开着。根据语境可知,此处表示“记得做过某事”,应用remember doing sth; remember to do sth 表示“记得去做某事”。故填locking。
4.答案： ambitious
解析：句意为:这位刚毕业的学生雄心满满,要独立进行这项调查。设空处作表语,表示“有雄心的”,应用形容词。故填ambitious。
5.答案：going
解析：句意为:年轻人如果每天都身处非常大声的音乐中,可能有失聪的危险。risk 后用动名词作宾语。故填 going。
6.答案：appreciative
解析：句意为:他逐渐开始感激生命的意义及其永恒的精神价值。becomes在句中为连系动词,设空处作表语,表示“感激的”,应用形容词,be appreciative of表示“对……感激”。故填appreciative。
7.答案： ultimately
解析：句意为:换句话说,你最终还是要作出自己的判断。分析句子结构并根据句意可知,设空处作状语,修饰整个句子,应用副词。故填ultimately。
8.答案： Travelling
解析：句意为:到江苏的乡村旅行可能与你想象的完全不同,许多乡村看起来就像明信片上美丽的景色。分析句子结构可知,_____ to Jiangsu's rural villages为句子的主语, travel(旅行)为动词,此处作主语,表示一般性的行为,应用动名词形式,句首单词首字母应大写。故填Travelling。
9.答案：introducing
解析：句意为:考虑是什么让方便食品如此受欢迎,并推出你自己的更好的食品,这是值得的。it is worthwhile doing sth为固定句型,意为“做某事是值得的”;结合句意可知,considering...与_____ better ones of your own通过and构成并列关系,动词introduce的形式应与considering 一样。故填introducing。
10.答案：being distracted
解析：句意为:在没有手机的情况下,我们进行了两个多小时的正式谈话,没有被其他人的信息分散注意力。动词distract 意为“使分心,使转移注意力”,介词without后跟动名词作宾语,distract与其逻辑主语we之间是被动关系,应用动名词的被动式。故填being distracted。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。第一段讲述了弗雷德里克的人生经历:从学习成为一名牧师到战地医生,再到最后开始研究糖尿病,所以第一段重点介绍弗雷德里克是如何开始从事糖尿病研究的。故选B。
12.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的Before treating human patients, however, Fred and Charles tested the safety of their insulin on each other.可知,画线词所在句中的Their tests指代的是弗雷德里克和查尔斯在他们自己身上做的胰岛素实验,在真正治疗病人之前,他们首先在自己身上做实验查看效果;再根据第三段中的But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success. Leonard gained weight, and his health dramatically improved.可推知,他们的实验成功了,故画线词是“成功”的含义。故选A。
13.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Instead, he sold his patent for the production of insulin to the University of Toronto—for one dollar—so that the drug could be marketed cheaply and thousands of lives could be saved and improved.可知,弗雷德里克卖出专利的原因是他希望这种药物能够以低廉的价格投入市场,让更多的病人得到救治,所以C项“让病人受益”符合题意。故选C。
14.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了弗雷德里克投身于糖尿病研究,在麦克劳德博士的支持下研制出胰岛素,并在1923年获得诺贝尔奖,他本可以靠自己的专利成为百万富翁,但最终他以一美元的价格出售了该专利,希望能让更多的病人得到救治,所以C项(一位非同寻常的英雄)可作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。
三、七选五
答案：FBGEC
解析：①设空处前引出了“自我调节”这一概念,结合下文内容可知,下文分别介绍了自我调节的定义、重要性以及增强自我调节能力的建议。由此可知,设空处应该引起下文,即指出要更多地了解自我调节。故F项(完全有必要学习更多关于自我调节的知识并了解如何加强自我调节)符合语境。故选F。
②上文提到自我调节的定义,空后给出自我调节的定义的不同表述,由此可知,空处应引起下文,指出自我调节的定义有其他的表述。故B项(关于自我调节的定义有不同的描述)符合语境。故选B。
③上文讲到压力对我们的健康有害,它会导致情绪波动和注意力不集中;空后通过举例说明自我调节可以帮助人们调节情绪。G项(但是自我调节可以帮助人们处理沮丧或失望等情绪)与上文形成转折,且能引起下文,G项中的handle emotions 与下文中的regulate his feelings相呼应。故选G。
④上文提到自我调节还可以帮助人们处理冲突,帮助人们在一些恼人的事情发生后冷静下来,并将注意力重新集中到其他任务上;下文则讲到具有良好自我调节能力的人能够评估自己的行为是否合适,并且能够及时调整自己。由此可知,设空处应承接上文,说明自我调节帮助人处理冲突的过程。故E项(然后试图举止得体,适应与他人相处)符合语境。故选E。
⑤根据空后的内容可知,本段主要说明了提高自我调节能力的方法。故C项(事实上,像许多应对技巧一样,自我调节能力是可以提高的)引出下文,符合语境。故选C。
