2016聚焦中考英语(人教版)考点聚焦课件+考点跟踪突破:主谓一致(2份)

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名称 2016聚焦中考英语(人教版)考点聚焦课件+考点跟踪突破:主谓一致(2份)
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版本资源 人教新目标(Go for it)版
科目 英语
更新时间 2015-12-29 16:32:40

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课件18张PPT。人教版英语第32讲 主谓一致中考对主谓一致的考查主要包括以下三点:
1.学科名词作主语;表示时间、长度、价格、质量等短语作主语;“the+姓氏名词复数”作主语;一些以s结尾的不可数名词作主语,如news,maths;“不定代词+名词”作主语,如both of,neither等。
2.主语后带有with,except,like,as well as等介词短语。
3.就近原则,如there be句型,either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...等。
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。因此,找出句子的真正主语是关键。同时,要遵循三个原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。高频考向一 语法一致原则
语法一致即主语是单数形式时,谓语动词就用单数形式;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词就用复数形式。
①当and连接两个或多个名词,或both...and...连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:
Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。
Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和莉莉都是学生。②不定代词either,neither,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:
Is there anything wrong with your bike?你的自行车有什么毛病吗?
Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都在为运动会做准备。③由each,each...and each...,every...and every...,every...作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:
Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每一个男孩和每一个女孩都被给了一本新书。
④主语后有with,along with,together with,as well as,no less than,more than,including,besides,like,except,but等词或短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。如:
Mr.Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beijing.格林先生将和他的妻子及两个女儿一块儿来北京。⑤“a number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;“the number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:
A number of trees are cut down.许多树木被砍倒了。
The number of students in our class is 32.我们班学生人数为32。
⑥“a lot of(lots of,plenty of,a pile of,piles of,most of)+名词”和“分数或百分数+名词”等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词,如果是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。如:
Lots of people have been there.很多人去过那儿。⑦由“a pair(a kind,a series...)+of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;“pairs(kinds...)+of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:
A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table.一副太阳镜放在桌子上。
Fifteen pairs of shoes are made each day.每天能制作十五双鞋。
⑧某些只有复数形式的名词(如clothes,trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves...)作主语时,谓词动词用复数形式。如:
My shoes were worn out.我的鞋子穿坏了。
⑨不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:
Reading is learning.读书就是学习。【例1】 We make it a rule that each of us ________ the bedroom one day a week.
A.has cleaned      B.have cleaned
C.cleans D.clean
解析:“each每一个”强调个体,故用第三人称单数; “one day a week 一周一天”则表明指频度,应用一般现在时。
答案:__C__【例2】 ________ that pair of ________ a little cheaper?
A.Is;glass B.Are;glass
C.Is;glasses D.Are;glasses
解析:a pair of后应接复数名词,其作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式。
答案:__C__【例3】 The number of books in the bookshop is about 10,000 and a number of them ________ about science.(2016,原创)
A.is    B.was    C.are    D.were
解析:由前半句中谓语动词is可推断出后半句中谓语动词也应用一般现在时;短语a number of作主语时,谓语动词应用复数。
答案:__C__高频考向二 意义一致原则
意义一致又叫概念一致,即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。
①由and连接的两个名词,如果是指同一概念(即and后面无冠词),则谓语动词用单数形式。如:
The teacher and writer is coming to give us a report next week.那位老师兼作家下周要来给我们作报告。
The singer and dancer has been invited to the party.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加了聚会。②表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词及词组作主语时,一般被看做一个整体,谓语动词常用单数形式。如:
Three years is a long time.三年是一段很长的时间。
③集体名词(如family,team,crowd,company,class,group,government...)如果表示整体概念,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果表示集体中的成员,则谓语动词用复数形式。如:
My family is a small one with three people.我家是一个有三口人的小家庭。④people,police,cattle等集合名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:
The police are helping a girl find her mother.警察正在帮助一个女孩找妈妈。
⑤算式中,表示加法和乘法时谓语动词可用单数形式,也可用复数形式,但表示减法和除法时谓语动词必须用单数形式。如:
What is/are three times three?3乘以3是多少?【例4】 —How much ________ the pair of shoes?
—Twenty dollars ________ enough.(2015,随州)
A.is;is B.is;are C.are;is D.are;are
解析:the pair of shoes的中心词是pair,则谓语动词用单数;把twenty dollars看成整体,则谓语动词也用单数。
答案:__A__②There be...和Here be...这两个句式中的be动词常与最近的主语在数上保持一致。如:
There is an apple and two bananas on the table.桌子上有一个苹果和两根香蕉。【例5】 There ________ lots of people at the restaurant when I got there.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
解析:people是复数名词,则there be句型中谓语动词用复数,排除A和B;下文got为过去式,故主句也要用过去时。
答案:__D__【例6】 ________ Lily ________ Lucy is going with you because one of them must stay at home.
A.Not only;but also B.Neither;nor
C.Both;and D.Either;or
解析:根据主谓一致原则可排除A项;由下文“他们中的一个必须待在家里”,可知“要么露西要么莉莉与你一起去”。
答案:__D__【例7】 There ________ some flowers on the teacher's desk just now,but now there ________ nothing on it.
A.have;has B.were;has
C.were;is D.has ;has
解析:第一空应根据some flowers来确定谓语动词应用复数,just now表明是过去时;第二空根据nothing来判断谓语动词应用单数,now表明一般现在时。
答案:__C__考点跟踪突破32 主谓一致
1.In our school library there __C__ a number of books and the number of them ________ growing larger and larger.(2015,眉山)
A.is;are  B.has;is  C.are;is  D.have;are
2.Doing eye exercises __A__ one of the useful ways to protect our eyes.(2015,哈尔滨)
A.is B.are C.were
3.—How many women doctors are there in your hospital?(2015,益阳)
—__C__ them ________ over twenty.
A.A number of;are B.The number of;are
C.The number of;is
4.—What would you like to have for supper?
—Either noodles or rice __C__ OK.I don't mind.(2015,安顺)
A.are B.were C.is D.was
5.Neither the headmaster nor the teachers __D__ take a vacation next week.(2015,呼和浩特)
A.were going to B.is going to
C.was going to D.are going to
6.Andy,you'd better not eat meat only.You should know milk and fruit __B__ good for you.(2014,淮安)
A.is B.are C.was D.were
7.At present,the price of the houses in Urumqi __D__ than before.I can afford ________ a large one.(2015,乌鲁木齐)
A.are cheaper;to buy B.is cheaper;buy
C.are lower;buy D.is lower;to buy
8.—Do you need more time to complete the task?
—Yes.Another ten days __A__ enough.(2014,广东)
A.is B.was C.are D.were
9.Mary with her parents often __D__ for a walk in the park after supper.(2015,安顺)
A.go B.is going C.are going D.goes
10.—What would you like,coffee or tea?
—Either __A__ OK.I don't mind.(2015,郴州)
A.is B.are C.was
11.There __B__ a charity show at the school hall next week.(2015,宿迁)
A.was B.will be C.has been D.are
12.Look,the set of keys __C__ on the teacher's desk.(2014,安顺)
A.are B.were C.is D.was
13.There __C__ a book and some pens in the bag.Please give them to the old man.(2014,毕节)
A.be B.are C.is D.have
14.The summer holidays are coming,so the twins as well as Jack __B__ to Hong Kong for vacation.(2014,黄石)
A.is going B.are going
C.goes D.go
15.Judy together with her brothers __C__ computer games when her parents came back.
A.were playing B.are playing
C.was playing D.is playing
16.Summer holiday is coming.All the students including Lily __A__ to go to Shanghai.
A.want B.will want C.wants D.wanted
17.Everyone except the twin brothers __D__ in the classroom when the class began.
A.are B.is C.were D.was
18.His family __B__ a large one,and now the whole family ________ having dinner together.
A.is;is B.is;are C.are;are D.are;is
19.Either Mary or her parents __D__ walking the dog now.
A.were B.is C.was D.are
20.Not only my sister but also I __B__ angry with him.
A.be B.am C.is D.are
21.—Both Li Lei and Han Meimei __D__ fond of the TV program A Bite of China.
—I am also deeply moved by its stories!
A.is B.am C.was D.are
22.Each of the girls here __D__ to the West Lake twice.
A.have gone B.have been
C.has gone D.has been
23.In China,plenty of rubbish __C__ every day because of the large population.
A.is producing B.are producing
C.is produced D.are produced
24.As the saying goes,no news __A__ good news.
A.is B.are C.has D.have