课件32张PPT。人教版英语第38讲 完形填空 Have you ever offered a helping hand to those who are in trouble?
One day，two __1__ were walking along the road to school when they saw an old woman carrying a large basket of pears.They thought the woman looked very __2__．They went up to her and said，“Are you going to town？If you are，we will help carry your basket.”
“Thank you，”__3__ the woman，“you are very kind.You see I'm weak and ill.”Then she told them that she was now going to market to __4__ the pears which grew on the only tree in her little garden.“We are all going to the __5__，”said the boys.“Let us have the basket.”And they took hold of it，one each side.They walked __6__ with the heavy basket，but happily.
The other day，I saw a little girl stop and __7__ a piece of orange peel (皮)，which she threw into the dustbin (垃圾桶)，“I wish __8__ would throw that on the sidewalk，”said she.“Someone may step on it and fall.”
Perhaps some may say that these are not __9__ things.That is right.But such a little thing shows that you have a thoughtful mind and a feeling heart.We must not wait for the __10__ to do great things.We must begin with little things of love. 1.A.boys B．girls C．men D．women
2.A.bored B．tired C．pleased D．surprised
3.A.asked B．told C．replied D．spoke
4.A.bring B．buy C．take D．sell
5.A.town B．market C．garden D．school
6.A.weakly B．quickly C．slowly D．quietly
7.A.take out B．cut off C．put down D．pick up
8.A.nobody B．everybody C．somebody D．anybody
9.A.little B．good C．great D．bad
10.A.pay B．time C．advice D．loveABCDACDACB“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。(一)“完形填空”题要求填入的词：
1．语法结构所要求的功能词。如：连接词，连接代词，连接副词，关系代词，关系副词等。
2．具有语法变化的普通词。如：动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的等级等。
3．固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。
4．同义词、近义词等易混淆词。
5．根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。 (二)“完形填空”题解题策略：
1．解题前要通读全文，领悟大意。
完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现，因此，通读全文，把握文章整体大意尤为重要。很多同学为了省时间，只看选项，不看文章。不看上下文，不寻找文章中句子与句子的关系，结果做出来的答案往往是错误的。2．解题时要全面考虑，确定选项。
完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺句子之间的关系，确定正确的答案。其具体做法有：
?重视首句，寻求信息
完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章，留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题，可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。要充分利用首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。【例1】 Few people like changing their habits，good or bad.Whether it is smoking，drinking or over eating，they ________ “enjoying” them to the end.(2015，苏州，16)
A．stop B．continue C．finish D．avoid
解析：由首句“Few people like changing their habits，good or bad.(很少有人喜欢改变他们的习惯，好的或坏的。)”可知此处表示“他们继续‘享受’着这些习惯”。
答案：__B__My mother only had one eye.And because of this，I never wished her to show up in my school，being afraid that my classmates would __1__ I had an ugly mother.(2014，十堰，41)
1.A.run out B．put out
C．come out D．find outD?明辨褒贬语境，判断是非
几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文章并准确理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。 【例2】 His house turned into a comfortable place immediately.The poor man ________.(2015，广东，55)
A．cheered up B．rang up
C．sped up D．stayed up
解析：由关键词comfortable可知，房子变得舒适了，那个穷人应该是“高兴起来了”。
答案：__A__ 【例3】 Happiness depends on what we have！It's in our heart.It's a state of mind，even though you own the whole world，you may still feel ________.(2015，黄冈，55)
A．funny B．happy C．excited D．unhappy
解析：由关键词even though来判断此处句意应为“即使你拥有整个世界，你也可能会仍然感到不开心”。
答案：__D__Finally，I stopped in the air.I spread my arms wide，laughing loudly and __2__．The workers pulled me up，smiling at me.(2015，长沙，40)
2.A.sadly B．angrily C．proudlyC?巧用平行结构，判断逻辑
平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义上的关联和对比这一特点来设题。了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。 【例4】 On October 20，2009，my mother died after a long illness...I was so thankful that she no longer had aches and ________.(2015，宁波，27)
A．gifts B．pains C．dialogs D．mistakes
解析：由上文可知，我非常欣慰母亲不再受疼痛的折磨。与aches(疼痛)相对称的词为pains。
答案：__B__They found that the kids who watched violent cartoons fought with others and __3__ class rules more often.(2014，宜宾，47)
3.A.broke B．followed
C．obeyed D．madeA?结合常识，明辨真伪
【例5】 We can't force life to follow our wishes.The earth won't ________ turning whether we accept it or not.
A．stop B．keep C．start
解析：句意为：“我们不能强迫生活会遵循我们的愿望。无论我们是否接受，地球都不会停止转动。”
答案：__A__It read “Dear Marie，I love you always.Miss you a lot.Don't forget me.Be __4__！Love，Mom.” That day，I cried.(2015，宁波，30)
4.A.serious B．happy C．patient D．strictB?熟练语法和固定搭配，轻松解题
对语法、固定搭配等基础知识的考查也是完形填空的命题角度之一。对于这种题，考生除了要注意平时的积累外，还要针对语法结构、句式特点、短文设空中需填的词在句中作什么成分、哪类词适合、应采取什么形式等进行分析，从而解决问题。【例6】At the same time，in developing countries like China and Brazil，sales of meat have doubled in the last 20 years.________ will double again by 2050.(2015，南昌，64)
A．It B．That C．We D．They
解析：空白处所填词在句中作主语，指代上文中所提到的“sales”，为可数名词复数形式。
答案：__D__Last week，students at Rosie Bridge School worked hard to make their English Week very successful.
There __5__ a lot of activities including an English book fair in the library and a treasure hunt.(2015，沈阳，16)
5.A.are B．were
C．is D．wasB ?多方推断，寻求线索
完形填空所提供的是一篇具有完整意义的短文，其段与段、句与句、甚至词与词之间都有不可分割的、千丝万缕的联系。因此考生在做题时不要只注意设空处所在的短句子或段落，还要善于从上下文中寻找相关的提示信息。考生可利用正向推断法、逆向推断法和正逆向联合推断法寻找相关信息。
正向推断法要求考生利用已知信息推断下文未知信息，当然这儿所指的信息包括设空处近处或远处的信息。考生应认真阅读并分析上下文内容，弄清事实，并思考下文的发展方向，从而推断下文的未知信息。逆向推断法要求考生利用下文已知信息反向推断上文未知信息。当利用上文已知信息无法准确推断下文未知信息时，不能着急，应沉着冷静地阅读下文，看下文哪些事实或细节是上文未知信息的延伸和发展，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。
在有些情况下，空格处未知信息既不能单独由上文已知信息正向推断而出，也不能单独由下文反向推断而出，而需要考生利用其上下文已知信息联合推断而出。考生应认真阅读并分析上下文，看哪些细节或事实与空格处有联系，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。?正向推断法
【例7】One day，Li Xuan discovered a wishing well (许愿池) on the side of the road.(2015，长春，31)
He took out a coin and thew it into the ________.
A．street B．well C．river D．room
解析：由上文“一天，李轩在路边发现了一个许愿池”可知，他拿出一枚硬币是投向许愿池。
答案：__B__The plane took off.A passenger needed a cup of water to take his medicine.An air hostess (空姐) told him that she would bring him the __6__ soon.(2015，安徽，56)
6.A.medicine B．water
C．cup D．coffee
It seemed that the storm meant nothing to her.She sat on her seat reading a book.Sometimes she closed her eyes，then she would read again，with no __7__ or fear in her eyes.(2015，河南，40)
7.A.pride B．worry
C．anger D．regretBB?逆向推断法
【例8】 It was a Sunday morning，and I was in a ________ mood (情绪)．Two of my friends had gone to the movies the night before and hadn't invited me.(2015，山西，31)
A．good B．terrible
C．peaceful
解析：由下文中“我的两个朋友前一天晚上去看电影了但是没有邀请我”可知，我的心情很糟糕。
答案：__B__Bert Manson，82，slowly opened his eyes and turned to face the clock on the beside table.It was 8：23 a．m.He felt __8__．The time was nothing to him.He had nothing to do all day.(2015，佛山，31)
8.A.pleased B．sad C．surprised
He raised a glass of water and asked them，“How __9__ do you think this glass of water is？”．..Their answers are different，from 20g to 500g.(2015，河北，41)
9.A.heavy B．full
C．much D．longBA?正逆向联合法
【例9】 Just then a young man jumped out_of_a_car and asked if I was Jenny.Then we ________ to the bungee jumping place.I was amazed by the sights along the road through the window of the car．(2015，长沙，34)
A．walked B．ran C．drove
解析：由上句中的out of a car以及下句I was amazed by the sights along the road through the window of the car.(透过车窗，我被路边的景色惊呆了)可知，我们是开车去的。
答案：__C__...She wondered if they were getting the_right_foods．
Amelia read all she could about gorillas and learned what they like to __10__．Then she started a “gorilla garden”．She grows the fruits_and_vegetables that gorillas love to eat.(2015，南京，19)
10.A.eat B．bite C．fight D．kick
Do you ever watch old movies？Maybe you will see one with Carole Lombard.She was a famous __11__ in the 1930s.She died when she was only 34.In her short life she made_70_movies．(2015，天津，41)
11.A.nurse B．actress
C．doctor D．teacherAB?复读全文，检验答案
把填充后的短文反复阅读一两遍，逐一检查、校对所选答案是否符合短文中心及上下文要求，并确保没有不符合语言规范、不符合语法规则的选项。
很多同学做完形填空题存在一个误区，把很多的时间放到四个选项的比较上，这会降低解题效率。正确做法应是：
①顺藤摸瓜，首先是藤，你拿到文章之后要重点读第一句。
②瞻前顾后，在文章空格的上下文处，你觉得这个地方需要什么词，带着这个目的在四个选项里找。③顾全大局，做一道题时应该在段落里面理解一句话。
④认清细节，比如考固定搭配的题。
总之要想成功突破完形填空必须做到：研读首尾，抓主题；上下联系，寻信息；左顾右盼，找搭配；思前想后，觅逻辑；语境分析，辨词义；回读检查，补漏洞。考点跟踪突破38 完形填空
训练一 人物介绍类
A(2015，佛山)
Bert Manson，82，slowly opened his eyes and turned to face the clock on the bedside table.It was 8：23 a．m.He felt __1__．The time was nothing to him.He had nothing to do all day.He lay on the bed，__2__ to the cars on the highway and the shouts of the children running to school.
After a while，Bert __3__ got out of bed and asked himself the same questions as he did every morning：Would he fall today？If so，would anyone come？How long would he __4__？Would he die？He looked out of the window into the street below.“And who would __5__？” he spoke quietly.
After Bert's wife died a year ago，his son and daughter said they would visit once a week.But the last time was months ago.On the phone，they always had a(n) __6__：too busy at work；the children are __7__；bad weather；no time.Nobody seemed to have any time...except for Bert.He __8__ his granddaughters.He loved it when Mandy and Ruth came to visit.They brought him candy and __9__．
He walked to a chair near the bedroom door __10__．He rested for a moment before continuing in small steps to the bathroom.
(B)1.A.pleased B．sad C．surprised
(A)2.A.listening B．pointing C．shouting
(C)3.A.happily B．quickly C．carefully
(B)4.A.hide B．wait C．follow
(A)5.A.care B．decide C．forget
(C)6.A.chance B．accident C．reason
(C)7.A.excited B．perfect C．sick
(B)8.A.introduced B．missed C．refused
(A)9.A.hope B．trouble C．fear
(B)10.A.in time B．in pain C．in person
B
Anne is a newspaper reporter.She chose this __1__ so she could travel around the world.The work has taught her many unforgettable lessons.She has seen wars，earthquakes and death.But she has __2__ seen courage，hope and happiness.
Last year，she won an award for her reporting in Africa.She was very proud __3__ it.At first，she thought she got the award because of her good work.But then she realized that she should thank many other people for __4__ help.
Anne was born in Jamaica.Her family was not poor，but it was not __5__，either.Her parents had to __6__ hard so that she could go to school.At school，Anne was not a good student，__7__ she enjoyed writing because her English teacher said，“Anne，you are a wonderful __8__．” The teacher encouraged her all the time.
Later，Anne went to university in Canada and then __9__ for a job.It was very difficult.Then，one day，she went to see the editor of a newspaper in Ottawa.The editor gave her a job.“Everyone needs a __10__ at first，” he said.
(B)1.A.book B．job C．sweater D．picture
(C)2.A.still B．never C．also D．only
(B)3.A.to B．of C．for D．from
(D)4.A.my B．his C．our D．their
(A)5.A.rich B．new C．small D．big
(C)6.A.study B．walk C．work D．play
(A)7.A.but B．if C．because D．so
(D)8.A.farmer B．nurse C．doctor D．writer
(A)9.A.looked B．made C．joined D．found
(C)10.A.ticket B．hobby C．chance D．habit
C
Lillian Hanson，a college student，expects to graduate in about two years.What makes Mrs. Hanson different from her classmates is her __1__—73 years old.She has been studying at college，a few courses at a time，for 27 years.
When Lillian Hanson graduated from high school，she went to the __2__ to borrow money for further education.The banker gave her __3__ encouragement.He didn't think that a country girl should borrow money to go to college.He thought she should be __4__ doing housework or should work on the farm.__5__ Lillian Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college.
Mrs. Hanson __6__ forgot the dream of getting higher education.When the children had grown up，she __7__ again and succeeded.In the class on her first day，when she introduced herself and __8__ why she was there and what her aims were，all the other students __9__ to give her a warm welcome.
Mrs. Hanson finds that the __10__ part of going back to school at her age is sitting in class for long periods of time.However，she often says she will stick to her dream no matter how difficult it is.
(A)1.A.age B．interest C．accent
(C)2.A.club B．school C．bank
(B)3.A.much B．no C．a little
(B)4.A.at college B．at home C．in the office
(C)5.A.After B．But C．So
(A)6.A.never B．already C．often
(B)7.A.stopped B．tried C．refused
(C)8.A.regretted B．guessed C．explained
(A)9.A.stood up B．ran away C．broke out
(B)10.A.best B．hardest C．easiest
D(2015，安徽)
Sitienei，a 90-year-old Kenyan grandmother，has become the world's oldest primary school student.She is studying at the local primary school to learn to read and write.She is from a small __1__ in Kenyan.She has spent most of her life __2__ as a midwife (接生婆)，helping women to give birth to babies.She wants to pass on her midwife skills to the young.She said she didn't have a chance to go to school when she was __3__．So she wants all the children in her village to __4__．
The head teacher at the school said，“I'm proud __5__ her.She is loved by every pupil.They all want to learn and play with __6__．” He also said，“She is doing well considering her __7__．I can say I have seen a big difference in this school __8__ she came.”
Sitienei often said，“I want to tell children，__9__ girls in poor areas，that __10__ will be your wealth.” She added，“With education，you can be whatever you want to be—a doctor，a teacher，a scientist，and so on.”
(B)1.A.school B．village C．town D．city
(D)2.A.reading B．writing
C．playing D．working
(A)3.A.young B．old C．famous D．free
(A)4.A.study B．work C．leave D．listen
(C)5.A.for B．with C．of D．in
(A)6.A.her B．me C．him D．you
(B)7.A.chance B．age C．skills D．ways
(C)8.A.after B．when C．since D．before
(B)9.A.naturally B．especially
C．luckily D．certainly
(D)10.A.friendship B．future
C．competition D．education
E
Gloria is a famous TV host.When she was 15，she happened to walk into a bookstore.The owner of the bookstore，John Smith，asked if she'd like a job.Gloria needed to start saving __1__ for college，so she said yes.
One day a woman came in and asked Gloria for books on cancer (癌症)．The woman seemed __2__．Gloria showed her everything they had and found other books they could offer.The woman left the store less worried，and Gloria has always remembered how __3__ she felt for having helped her customer.
Years later，__4__ a television host，Gloria heard about a child who was born with problems with his hand.His family could not __5__ an operation (手术)，and the boy lived in shame.He hid his hand in his pocket all the time.
Gloria reported the story after she persuaded (说服) her boss to let __6__ do it.Shortly after，some doctors called.They __7__ to perform the operation for free.
Gloria visited the boy in the hospital after the operation.The first thing the boy did was to hold up his repaired __8__ and say，“Thank you.” What a sweet sense of satisfaction Gloria felt!
At Smith's bookstore，Gloria __9__ realized she was working for the customers，not the store.Today it's the same.The TV station pays her，but she feels that she should work for the people who __10__ the programs and help them understand the world better.
(A)1.A.money B．time C．energy D．paper
(B)2.A.satisfied B．worried
C．surprised D．relaxed
(A)3.A.proud B．nervous C．stupid D．lonely
(C)4.A.for B．with C．as D．by
(D)5.A.see B．carry C．stop D．afford
(B)6.A.him B．her C．me D．you
(C)7.A.refused B．forgot
C．offered D．learned
(A)8.A.hand B．head C．foot D．leg
(C)9.A.never B．seldom
C．always D．sometimes
(D)10.A.introduce B．record
C．make D．watch
训练三 学校生活类
A(2015，株洲)
Four MBA students went out on a night before their exam and drank too much.They did not __1__ for the test and thought of a plan.Then they went to their teacher，looking very __2__，their dresses covered in oil and dirt.
They told their teacher that __3__ of them had gone to a wedding the day before the exam and while coming back，their car tyre had burst (轮胎爆了)．So they had to __4__ the car all the way back to the hotel as there was no help available on the way.They said that was why they were not in a position to __5__ the test that day and asked him to conduct a retest (安排补考) later.
The teacher was strict with his students.When he heard what they had said，he was unhappy，__6__ he asked them to come to retest 3 days later.The boys were very __7__ and went to prepare in full swing.After 3 days the teacher asked them to come for the test.
The teacher said that the test had 2 __8__ for 100 marks.He said that they had to take the test in different __9__．As the boys had prepared well they __10__．They looked forward to the test.
The test went as follows：
The first question：Write your name!
The second question：Which tyre burst?
(A)1.A.study B．shop C．suggest
(C)2.A.excited B．surprised C．tired
(A)3.A.all B．some C．most
(B)4.A.drive B．push C．repair
(B)5.A.give B．take C．teach
(C)6.A.so B．and C．but
(A)7.A.happy B．sad C．angry
(A)8.A.questions B．passages C．lessons
(C)9.A.cars B．schools C．rooms
(B)10.A.remembered B．agreed C．passed
B(2015，广安)
There is an English corner in our school.Every afternoon，many of my classmates come to the corner.My teacher Miss Li comes here，__1__．At the corner，we all speak English.
The corner started last year.There were only __2__ students because many were afraid to speak English.After a few weeks，more and more students came here.At first，some students just __3__ to the other students.I was one of them.I was afraid to speak English.I thought someone would __4__ me，but I wanted to speak.I always spoke English in my heart.My teacher went on saying，“Don't be afraid.Open your mouth.” I tried and tried to open my mouth.At last，I said “Hello！” to the teacher.The teacher was very __5__．She said “Hello！” to me at once.From __6__ on，I began to speak English.I work hard at English and I try my best __7__ more.I learn __8__ my teacher and my classmates at the corner.Now I can speak a little English.Every Sunday afternoon，I come to the corner __9__．
It's a good __10__ to speak English.Please join us.
(C)1.A.also B．either C．too D．as well
(D)2.A.a lot of B．a little
C．a bit of D．a few
(C)3.A.talked B．spoke C．listened D．came
(B)4.A.help B．laugh at C．stop D．fit into
(A)5.A.happy B．interesting C．sad D．afraid
(B)6.A.now B．then C．today D．that
(A)7.A.to speak B．of talk C．saying D．telling
(D)8.A.to B．at C．for D．from
(C)9.A.late B．often C．early D．too
(D)10.A.room B．school C．home D．place
C
Dear Jenny，
How's it going？Are you busy with your study these days?
I've been back at school __1__ nearly four weeks.I'm very glad to tell you that great __2__ have taken place in our school this term.First of all，we're asked to “clear our plates” when having our meals and say __3__ to wasting.Some of us used to order more than what we could eat.That was a big waste of food.Now we need to __4__ the food we order.We should also stop wasting in some other ways.For example，we should turn off the lights when we __5__ the classroom.And our school has opened up some fields for us to learn how to grow vegetables.Each class is given a small garden and our class has decided to grow some tomatoes and beans (豆类) in our __6__ time.I think that'll be very interesting.Maybe I'll be able to __7__ you some beans we've grown by ourselves next time！What's more，we have only two classes in the afternoon __8__ we have more time for after-school activities.I'm one of the traffic safety volunteers in our school.After school，we take turns to go to the streets near our school and ask people to __9__ the traffic rules.
I think we are having a different school life now!
Please write back soon and tell __10__ more about your school.
Yours，
Wang Wei
(B)1.A.in B．for C．on D．at
(A)2.A.changes B．things C．interests D．lessons
(C)3.A.yes B．hello C．no D．thanks
(D)4.A.clean B．pay C．cook D．finish
(A)5.A.leave B．reach C．open D．build
(B)6.A.busy B．free C．happy D．sad
(C)7.A.plant B．buy C．post D．lend
(D)8.A.because B．when C．before D．so
(A)9.A.follow B．make C．break D．think
(D)10.A.him B．her C．you D．me
D(2015，襄阳)
It was the beginning of a new term.As a __1__ teacher in that school，I didn't know any of the students.A little girl was standing at the gate of the classroom.She looked very shy.
I walked up to her and __2__ why she stood there.But she said nothing.Then a boy shouted，“She is from Grade Four，the worst student in her grade.” I looked at the little girl.She didn't seem to be the smart kind.I __3__ why her teacher asked her to stay in Grade Three.I took her hand and __4__ her into the classroom.
“Sit here.Now you are my student and I'm your teacher，” I said.She still said nothing，but suddenly began to cry.
I later learnt that her parents died in a car accident.She became sad and didn't like talking to others after that.
She learnt very __5__．I gave her respect (尊重) and never looked down upon (鄙视) her as I know everybody deserves (值得) respect.I helped her after school，and she was making __6__ little by little.As time went by，she was not as __7__ as before.At the end of the term，she seemed to have forgotten all her sadness.She was not among the best students when she left that school，but __8__，she was not that shy and sad little girl any more.
In the following __9__，she would send me a card on each Thanksgiving Day.Three days ago，I __10__ an invitation to her wedding (婚礼)．And now，I am at her wedding，and she is smiling brightly.
Everyone deserves respect and everyone can be happy.
(A)1.A.new B．beautiful C．strict D．famous
(D)2.A.told B．answered C．knew D．asked
(B)3.A.thought B．understood
C．forgot D．remembered
(C)4.A.poured B．threw C．led D．turned
(A)5.A.slowly B．quietly C．well D．quickly
(C)6.A.friends B．decision
C．progress D．surprises
(B)7.A.smart B．shy C．angry D．careful
(A)8.A.at least B．at first C．at once D．at birth
(D)9.A.days B．weeks C．months D．years
(D)10.A.wrote B．sent C．refused D．received
E(2015，河北)
A teacher was giving a talk to his students on stress (压力) management.He raised a glass of water and asked them，“How __1__ do you think this glass of water is？”
The students began to think and __2__．Their answers are different，from 20g to 500g.
“It does not matter on the real __3__．It depends on how long you hold it.If I hold it for a __4__，it is OK.If I hold it for an hour，I will have an ache in my right arm.If I hold it for a day，you will have to call a __5__．It is the exact same weight，but the longer I hold it，the heavier it becomes.What we have to do is to put the glass down，__6__ for a while before holding it up again.”
“If we carry our burdens (负担) __7__，sooner or later，we will not be able to carry on.The burden will become increasingly heavier.We have to __8__ the burden every now and then，so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on.”
So __9__ you return home from work tonight，put the burden of work down.Don't carry it back home.You can pick it up tomorrow.
Whatever burdens you have，let them down for a moment if you can.And learn to __10__ ourselves.
Life is short but amazing.Enjoy it!
(A)1.A.heavy B．full C．much D．long
(C)2.A.read B．watch C．guess D．listen
(B)3.A.glass B．weight C．water D．height
(A)4.A.minute B．night C．day D．week
(C)5.A.mother B．teacher C．doctor D．friend
(A)6.A.rest B．shake C．look D．work
(D)7.A.this time B．some other time
C．next time D．all the time
(B)8.A.give up B．put down
C．pick up D．think about
(C)9.A.after B．since C．before D．until
(D)10.A.save B．help C．care D．relax
训练二 哲理故事类
A(2015，郴州)
One rainy morning，my phone woke me up.It was a phone call from a __1__ driver who had my friend's mobile phone.__2__，my friend had left it in the taxi the night before.
A __3__ morning for taxi drivers in this big city is a very busy time.He asked me where he could meet me to give me the mobile phone.I told him the street where I lived.Then I quickly __4__ and got dressed in order to meet __5__ on the corner.
My friend had only recently moved to this city.So his mobile phone was very __6__ to him.
When the taxi driver arrived，I thanked him and praised him __7__ having such a kind and beautiful heart.I asked him for his name，__8__ my friend himself could thank him.He said my praises and __9__ were all that he needed.Then he drove off.
I told my friend how I had received his __10__．Hearing this，he was thankful and said kindness was really everywhere in this world.
(B)1.A.bus B．taxi C．car
(A)2.A.Clearly B．Hardly C．Luckily
(B)3.A.sunny B．rainy C．windy
(C)4.A.gave up B．stayed up C．got up
(A)5.A.him B．her C．me
(A)6.A.important B．exciting C．difficult
(C)7.A.on B．to C．for
(B)8.A.ever since B．so that C．even though
(A)9.A.thanks B．wishes C．suggestions
(C)10.A.ID card B．birthday gift C．mobile phone
B(2015，泉州)
It was a cold snowy morning after the winter vacation.And it was my first day at my new school.I was walking alone slowly and __1__ about lots of things.It was early and there weren't many people on the road.Suddenly a girl __2__ was riding a bike on ice fell down.She was trying hard to __3__ but fell again.Without thinking，I went over and helped her.She said “Thank you.” with a smile and then rode __4__．Her words warmed me a lot.
Finally，I got to school.The teacher led me to the __5__ and introduced me to the class.Then he asked me to sit down beside a girl.I felt so __6__ that I didn't dare to look at her.Soon the first class，English，started.Their textbook is different __7__ that in my old school.As I was wondering __8__ to do，an English book appeared in front of me.“Let's __9__，” the girl beside me said.“Hi，I'm Carrie.” I looked up.It was the __10__ I helped that morning.Later on，we became good friends.
From that I learned：To help others is actually to help ourselves!
(A)1.A.worrying B．talking C．learning
(C)2.A.where B．when C．who
(B)3.A.lie down B．get up C．look around
(B)4.A.back B．away C．inside
(C)5.A.gym B．office C．classroom
(A)6.A.nervous B．sad C．bored
(C)7.A.about B．with C．from
(B)8.A.how B．what C．why
(A)9.A.share B．stop C．consider
(B)10.A.boy B．girl C．teacher
C(2015，乌鲁木齐)
A group of frogs were travelling __1__ the forest，but unluckily two of them fell into a hole.The other frogs tried to help them.When they saw how __2__ the hole was，they cried to the two frogs that they could not be saved.The two frogs didn't care and tried their best to jump up out of the hole.The other frogs __3__ saying that they were sure to die.__4__，one of the two frogs heard what the other frogs were saying and __5__．Then he fell down and died.
However，the other frog __6__ to jump as hard as he could.At last，he made it out.When he __7__，the other frogs asked，“Didn't you hear us？” The frog，who had a poor __8__，explained，“I thought you were encouraging me all the time.”
The story teaches us a __9__：There is power of life and death in the tongue.An __10__ word to those who are down can help them out while a discouraging word can kill them.
(B)1.A.cross B．through C．across D．over
(A)2.A.deep B．small C．big D．wide
(A)3.A.kept B．finished C．practiced D．stopped
(B)4.A.Luckily B．Finally C．Suddenly D．Happily
(D)5.A.went on B．kept away
C．jumped out D．gave up
(B)6.A.happened B．continued C．planned D．wanted
(A)7.A.got out B．ran away
C．got off D．woke up
(C)8.A.smelling B．eyesight C．hearing D．looking
(D)9.A.way B．skill C．sentence D．lesson
(D)10.A.interesting B．exciting
C．excellent D．encouraging
D
Once，a circle lost a piece of its own.The circle wanted to be whole，so it went around，looking for its __1__ piece.But because it was not complete，it could only roll (滚) very slowly.It enjoyed the flowers and the sunshine __2__ the way.It talked with worms.It found lots of different pieces，but __3__ of them fit.So it left them all by the side of the road and kept on __4__ for the lost piece.Then one day the circle found a piece that fit __5__．The circle put the piece into __6__．It could be whole with nothing lost.It was so happy and began to roll.As it was a perfect circle，it could roll very fast，too fast to see flowers or talk to worms.It realized how different the world was when it rolled so quickly.It felt so sad __7__ it stopped，left its found piece by the side of the road and rolled very slowly.
Sometimes we are perfect when we lose something.A man who __8__ everything is poor in some ways.He will never have hopes，dreams or something __9__．He will never know someone loves him or someone is giving him something he has always wanted or never had.
We couldn't be perfect.But we must be brave enough to love，strong enough to forgive，kind enough to share __10__ with others and clever enough to know there is enough love around us and then we can always have a wonderful time in our life.
(C)1.A.miss B．lose C．missing D．losing
(D)2.A.at B．of C．in D．along
(A)3.A.none B．all C．every one D．each
(B)4.A.look B．looking C．to look D．looked
(A)5.A.perfectly B．perfect C．part D．partly
(B)6.A.it B．itself
C．them D．themselves
(C)7.A.which B．whether C．that D．what
(B)8.A.own B．has C．owned D．have
(D)9.A.bad B．worse C．good D．better
(C)10.A.kindness B．sadness C．happiness D．illness
E(2015，杭州)
Marcos was a hardworking farmer.Every day he asked his only son Paolo to __1__ him in the fields，but Paolo seldom got out of bed before noon.Marcos was very __2__ about his only son.
One evening Marcos' old friend Luigi __3__， “Marcos，why aren't your fields ready for planting？” Marcos explained that he was old and his back hurt.He said that Paolo was __4__ and did not help him with the farming.“Marcos，you need to use your __5__ as much as your back.I have an idea for you，” Luigi said.
Early the next morning Marcos rushed into Paolo's room.“I found your grandfather's map！” he cried.“We may find __6__ he buried (埋) his gold coins！” Paolo jumped out of bed.“I'll start over here.” Paolo told his father.Paolo __7__ in the field all day.While Paolo dug，his father __8__ along，dropping something from his bag into the ground.When they went in for dinner that night，a very tired Paolo said，“I think Grandfather was old when he made his map.I don't think I'll dig tomorrow.”
Paolo __9__ to his lazy way and slept all morning.One day Marcos rushed into Paolo's room and cried，“Paolo！I found the treasure in the fields！” Paolo __10__ went out to look.He said，“There is __11__ here but lines and lines of vegetables.”
Marcos smiled，“Paolo，it is all around you.You have enough food to make it __12__ the winter，with plenty more to sell！” Paolo was embarrassed (尴尬的) to see that his father was __13__．His one day of hard work had provided him with real treasure.He learned an important __14__．He could make a good living with a little hard work.He became a good __15__ and made his father proud.
(B)1.A.feed B．help C．save D．watch
(A)2.A.sad B．happy C．proud D．bored
(D)3.A.stood up B．moved in
C．started out D．stopped by
(C)4.A.busy B．excited C．lazy D．free
(C)5.A.hands B．feet C．brain D．face
(B)6.A.how B．where C．when D．why
(A)7.A.dug B．planted C．played D．arrived
(D)8.A.got B．ate
C．sang D．followed
(B)9.A.listened B．returned C．talked D．led
(C)10.A.quietly B．suddenly C．sleepily D．easily
(D)11.A.everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
(A)12.A.through B．without C．since D．before
(B)13.A.sure B．right C．rich D．kind
(C)14.A.plan B．meeting C．lesson D．opinion
(D)15.A.student B．actor C．friend D．farmer
训练五 事物介绍类
A(2015，昆明)
Ebola (埃博拉) is a river in Africa.In 1976，a __1__ virus (病毒) was found there.The virus can cause people to get very sick and even __2__．So people call the virus Ebola.
Last year Ebola caused the worst problem in Western Africa，and __3__ spread very quickly.Medical experts all over the world did their best to stop Ebola and to treat the people who were sick.
Ebola __4__ starts with fever and headache，kind of like the flu.But it can get worse and cause serious bleeding and __5__ problems.It's very important for infected (受感染的) people to get treatment right away.People who have Ebola need to be cared for in a special way __6__ the illness doesn't spread to doctors，nurses or others in their families.
Doctors aren't sure how the __7__ person got Ebola，but they think people picked up the virus from infected animals.People can get the virus by touching an infected person's drops of __8__．But Ebola doesn't spread through food or water like some viruses __9__．It also doesn't travel through the air like cold or flu viruses do.In areas where the Ebola virus is，anyone who doesn't feel __10__ should get medical help immediately.
(B)1.A.danger B．dangerous C．endangered
(A)2.A.die B．break C．tie
(A)3.A.it B．he C．we
(B)4.A.hardly B．often C．never
(C)5.A.breathed B．breathe C．breathing
(A)6.A.so that B．so as to C．such as
(C)7.A.one B．once C．first
(B)8.A.juice B．blood C．water
(C)9.A.did B．does C．do
(B)10.A.bad B．well C．tired
B(2015，苏州)
Few people like changing their habits，good or bad.Whether it is smoking，drinking or over-eating，they __1__ “enjoying” them to the end.
On every packet of cigarettes (香烟)，people are warned against the __2__ of smoking：“Warning：Cigarette Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health”．__3__，millions of them start smoking or go on smoking.Why?
Facts show that families and surroundings (环境) play a very important part in __4__ smokers.All those smokers come from smoking families or have smoking __5__ or relatives.Films and TV plays also play a part.People __6__ their “heroes” on TV drinking alcohol (酒) or smoking cigarettes.“Heroes” seem to fear __7__，neither killing themselves nor killing others with alcohol and cigarettes.If they are not afraid of the harm of smoking and drinking，__8__ should common people be afraid?
The simple warning on the cigarette packet does not influence smokers' habits.Even __9__ warnings，like showing pictures of smokers who have died of cancer，don't seem to work.
Knowing and believing seem to be two __10__ things.If smoking is really as harmful as doctors say，it is time for smokers to think about it and try to give it up!
(B)1.A.stop B．continue C．finish D．avoid
(D)2.A.chances B．excuses C．causes D．dangers
(C)3.A.Moreover B．Also
C．However D．Otherwise
(A)4.A.influencing B．explaining
C．improving D．describing
(D)5.A.parents B．uncles C．brothers D．friends
(C)6.A.hear B．catch C．watch D．face
(B)7.A.something B．nothing
C．anything D．everything
(D)8.A.what B．how C．when D．why
(A)9.A.stronger B．worse C．longer D．harder
(C)10.A.similar B．pleasant C．different D．boring
C(2015，南昌)
Most of us have three meals a day.We take food for granted (想当然)．And we don't think about it.__1__ experts argue a food crisis (危机) is coming.This crisis is going to make us __2__ the way we think about food.
Food is in great need __3__ a growing of world population.By 1960，the population was three billion.It doubled to six billion by 1999.By 2050，this planet will need to __4__ at least nine billion people.As a result，the food prices get higher and higher.
So，what can a __5__，crowded world do？One suggestion is to eat less meat.Meat uses more natural resources (资源) than grains (谷物)．It requires more __6__ to produce one pound of meat than to produce one pound of grain.It also requires between 5 and 10 times more water than vegetables.So，eating less meat will __7__ more land for farming，and it will save water.
To eat less meat，people will need to change their eating habits.That will not be easy.Americans，for example，have __8__ loved meat.In general，they eat twice as much meat as people in other countries.At the same time，in developing countries like China and Brazil，sales of meat have doubled in the last 20 years.__9__ will double again by 2050.Growing need of meat will continue to put pressure on natural resources.
World population is increasing，resources are becoming fewer，and food prices are rising.Therefore，we need to rethink what we eat every day.For meat lovers，we don't need to give up meat __10__．But we need to eat more grains and less meat.
(B)1.A.And B．But C．Or D．Until
(A)2.A.change B．find C．get D．tell
(C)3.A.instead of B．thanks to
C．because of D．as for
(C)4.A.help B．have C．feed D．meet
(D)5.A.busy B．tired C．thirsty D．hungry
(B)6.A.time B．land C．people D．place
(A)7.A.provide B．produce C．waste D．need
(D)8.A.never B．seldom C．hardly D．always
(D)9.A.It B．That C．We D．They
(B)10.A.quickly B．completely
C．finally D．especially
D(2015，本溪)
Plants are very important living things.__1__ there are no plants，life can't go on.This is because plants can __2__ food from air，water and sunlight.But animals and man __3__ do that.Animals get their food __4__ eating plants and other animals.We grow so __5__ plants around us because animals and man need them in order to live.
If you look carefully at the plants around you，you will find there are two __6__ of plants：flowering plants and non-flowering plants.Flowering plants can make seeds (种子)．The seeds are __7__ by the fruits.Some fruits have one seed，some have two，three or four，and some have many seeds.But a few fruits have no seeds __8__．The banana fruit is an __9__ of them.
Most non-flowering plants don't grow from seeds.They grow from spores (孢子) which are very，very small.Some spores are so small and __10__ that they can fly in the air.We may say that spores are quite the same as the seeds.When these spores fall on wet and shady (阴暗的) places，they usually grow into new plants.
(B)1.A.Though B．If C．Until D．Unless
(C)2.A.spread B．cook C．make D．eat
(B)3.A.can B．can't
C．should D．shouldn't
(D)4.A.in B．with C．of D．by
(A)5.A.many B．much C．few D．little
(D)6.A.pieces B．pairs C．couples D．kinds
(A)7.A.protected B．saved C．treated D．tasted
(B)8.A.in total B．at all C．after all D．at least
(C)9.A.instruction B．invention
C．example D．excuse
(A)10.A.light B．heavy C．thick D．high
E(2015，朝阳)
What should you do if one or both of your parents smoke？You may __1__ their health.You can't order them to stop smoking，but you can __2__ them to give up smoking.Here are some good __3__ for you：
Smoking is bad for their health.
Smoking __4__ smoke which you don't like.
Smoking will make it hard for them to take exercise because they might run out of breath (气喘吁吁) easily.
In your town，you may see many advertisements (广告) for free programs to __5__ people to give up smoking.Point these out to your parents and encourage them to take part in such programs.
But what if your parents __6__ you？Remember to be kind and respectful (恭敬的) when you discuss smoking __7__ them.Also remember that it is __8__ to give up smoking.Some people __9__ several times before they're able to give it up in the end.Instead of yelling (叫喊) at them，tell them that you love them and want them to __10__ long.Sooner or later，your mom or dad may realize you are right about smoking.
(A)1.A.worry about B．look after
C．learn from D．laugh at
(B)2.A.allow B．encourage C．refuse D．trouble
(D)3.A.results B．challenges C．answers D．reasons
(D)4.A.puts B．increases
C．lights D．produces
(C)5.A.ask B．tell C．help D．want
(B)6.A.agree with B．get angry with
C．keep up with D．get along with
(D)7.A.on B．to C．about D．with
(A)8.A.difficult B．easy
C．comfortable D．dangerous
(C)9.A.visit B．develop C．try D．succeed
(A)10.A.live B．smoke C．wait D．work
训练四 日常生活类
A(2015，海南)
A little boy invited his mother to his school's first teacher-parent meeting.He never thought that she would __1__．But she did.He felt worried.__2__ she was a beautiful woman，there was a scar (伤疤) that covered nearly the whole right side of her face.
At the meeting，the boy was __3__ to see other people having a good talk with his mother.But he felt sorry for his mother's face and sat in a chair __4__ his mother.Just then he heard a talk __5__ his mother and his teacher.
“How did you get the scar on your __6__？” the teacher asked.She replied，“When my son was a baby，his room caught on fire one day.__7__ was too afraid to go in，so I went in and ran towards his bed.Just then I saw a beam (横梁) coming down and I placed myself over him trying to __8__ him.I was knocked but luckily，a fireman saved both of us.” She touched the scar.“This scar will be here forever，but I have never regretted __9__ I did for my son.You see，he is strong and healthy now.”
Hearing that，the little boy came out running to his __10__ with tears in his eyes.He hugged (拥抱) her and held her hand tightly (紧紧地) for the rest of the day.
(B)1.A.refuse B．agree C．drop
(C)2.A.Because B．So C．Although
(B)3.A.interested B．surprised C．next to
(A)4.A.far from B．close to C．disappointed
(C)5.A.with B．among C．between
(A)6.A.face B．arm C．hand
(B)7.A.Nobody B．Everybody C．Somebody
(B)8.A.find B．protect C．stop
(B)9.A.how B．what C．when
(C)10.A.sister B．teacher C．mother
B
One midnight，a little girl woke up to drink water.She by __1__ got up，walked to the bedroom door and __2__ it.She looked outside but walked __3__，because it was so dark in the hall __4__ she feared.
Her mother said，“Don't be afraid，honey.Take courage (勇气)！”
“What's courage？” she asked，running to her mother's bed.
“Courage __5__ the brave breath，” her mother answered.
“Mum，do you have courage？”
“Certainly.”
The little girl held out her cold hands，saying，“Mum，blow (吹) some __6__ your breath of courage to me.”
After her mother blew some of breath into her little cold hands，the little girl clenched her fists (握拳) __7__，afraid that the “breath of courage” __8__ run away.Then with her fists clenched，she walked out of the bedroom towards the kitchen with nothing to be afraid.
Her mother said to herself，“It will be __9__ if someone can blow some kind of ‘breath’ to me.Then I can also hold it in my hands when I feel terrified.”
In a word，the thing that we are terrified of is nothing __10__ the fear in our mind.The person who we should defeat is nobody but ourselves.
(A)1.A.herself B．ourselves C．mine D．her
(C)2.A.close B．knocked C．opened D．open
(B)3.A.forward B．back C．out D．further
(B)4.A.if B．that C．whether D．when
(C)5.A.are B．does C．is D．do
(A)6.A.of B．with C．without D．at
(D)7.A.nervous B．more nervous
C．much nervously D．nervously
(B)8.A.will B．would C．should D．can
(C)9.A.well B．luckily C．nice D．bad
(A)10.A.but B．so
C．and D．because
C(2015，攀枝花)
Recently a Chinese TV program hit millions of Chinese teenagers.This program is __1__ The Voice of China.It is a reality talent show on the Zhejiang Television.Most of the teenagers fall in love __2__ this show.They sit in front of the screen for a long time to enjoy the show.As we know，watching TV is not good for teenagers.First，teenagers are __3__ from adults.It is true that teenagers like relaxing by watching TV.__4__，the dangerous thing to teenagers is that they just can't take their eyes __5__ the screen.They will __6__ watching TV for hours and hours.It is very bad for their eyes.Second，many teenagers have the habit of watching too much TV.They will have __7__ time for sports.Third，some TV programs are not suitable for teenagers.Some even __8__ them to crimes (犯罪)．Finally，too much TV will make teenagers __9__ in reading.They will lose their __10__ in reading.
(B)1.A.calling B．called C．naming D．to name
(A)2.A.with B．for C．to D．about
(C)3.A.difficulty B．difficult
C．different D．differently
(C)4.A.Besides B．But C．However D．And
(D)5.A.out B．away C．up D．off
(C)6.A.go out B．go down C．go on D．go over
(A)7.A.little B．a little C．few D．a few
(D)8.A.let B．make C．have D．lead
(B)9.A.weakly B．weak C．well D．good
(A)10.A.interest B．habit C．heart D．way
D(2015，锦州)
It was Christmas Eve.I was fifteen years old and feeling like the world was over for me.I didn't have enough money to buy myself the __1__ that I had wanted that year.
Dad came back in and there was ice in his beard (胡子)．“You've been by widow (寡妇) Smith's house recently？” he asked.Widow Smith __2__ two miles down the road.Her husband died a year ago and left her with __3__ children.
“I rode by just today，” Dad __4__，“Little Jack was out looking for wood.They must have used up wood，Tom.”
We filled our sledge (雪橇) high with __5__．Then we went to the store and Dad bought some food and a small pair of shoes.I tried to think about __6__ Dad was doing.I knew we didn't have enough money，so why was Dad buying them so many things?
We __7__ widow Smith's house and went in.“We brought you a few things，madam.” Dad said，and __8__ the bag of food on the table.Then Dad handed widow Smith the pair of shoes.At that moment，tears filled her eyes and started running down her face.
My throat seemed to be filled with __9__ and there were tears in my eyes，too.Just then，my dream gift seemed very unimportant.Dad had given me the look on widow Smith's face and the smiles of __10__ three children.He had given me the best Christmas of my life.
(A)1.A.gift B．ice C．house D．store
(B)2.A.taught B．lived C．studied D．worked
(C)3.A.one B．two C．three D．four
(A)4.A.continued B．wrote
C．spoke D．wondered
(D)5.A.clothes B．shoes C．food D．wood
(B)6.A.why B．what C．which D．how
(D)7.A.arrived B．returned C．left D．reached
(A)8.A.put down B．take down
C．look down D．turn down
(B)9.A.everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
(C)10.A.my B．his C．her D．their
E(2015，黄冈)
When I was a junior high school student in 1980，God gave me a gift，it was happiness.
One weekend，I went to visit my grandparents in the countryside.On my way home a car ran over me and cut off my __1__ because of its high speed.
Several days later when I woke up at the hospital，I realized I had to spend the rest of my life __2__ arms.How sad I felt at that time！Even I was full of fears.__3__ slowly I knew I had to face the fact and got over it.I couldn't get my arms back even though I __4__ every day.
However，it's easier __5__ than done.It took me nearly half a year to get out of the sadness __6__．I got so much from my past story.From then on，I could treat my life with a __7__ mind.But in our daily life，I often see my classmates __8__ about little things：They get a bad grade on a test；their bus comes __9__；they don't have a mobile phone but __10__ have，and so on.But I only __11__ life.I was lucky to realize from an accident：It is a waste of our life to focus on what you have __12__．We should always think of what we have.So why are so many people unhappy？Someone may say，“My whole life would improve __13__ I have a new car.” But when you get the car and what __14__？For a whole week you are walking on air.Then you go right back to being unhappy.
Happiness depends on what we have！It's in our heart.It's a state of mind，even though you own the whole world, you may still feel __15__．Happiness comes from mastering the art of appreciating (感激) and taking pleasure in what you really have.
(C)1.A.feet B．legs C．arms D．ears
(B)2.A.with B．without C．for D．on
(B)3.A.Or B．But C．So D．Once
(A)4.A.cried B．laughed C．sat D．stood
(D)5.A.dreamed B．acted C．called D．said
(C)6.A.strongly B．especially
C．completely D．similarly
(B)7.A.crazy B．normal C．full D．special
(D)8.A.get excited B．get nervous
C．get serious D．get worried
(D)9.A.early B．first C．fast D．late
(D)10.A.the other B．one another
C．other D．others
(C)11.A.hate B．dislike C．enjoy D．save
(A)12.A.lost B．had C．found D．spent
(C)13.A.because B．as C．if D．whether
(A)14.A.happens B．takes place
C．used D．uses
(D)15.A.funny B．happy C．excited D．unhappy
