(共43张PPT)
翻译下列句子,找出其中表达的强调语气的词语
1. What a hot day it is today!
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英语强调句型有哪些?
今天多么热啊!what表强调。
一、强调
2. How fast time flies!
3. The thief ran so fast that I didn't catch up with him.
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时间过得多么快啊!how表强调。
那个小偷跑得太快我追不上他。so…that…表强调。
4. The postman was in such a hurry that he often took one parcel for another.
5. Believe me! I did advise him to forgive you but he wouldn't listen.
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那位邮递员太匆忙经常投错邮包。such…that…表强调。
相信我!我确实劝过他原谅你,但他不听劝告。did表强调。
6. It's the sun that gives us heat and light.
7. Even a child can do that!
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是太阳给了我们光和热。It's …that…表强调。
甚至连小孩也能做那件事!even表强调。
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广义的强调句型包括感叹句,“如此……以致”句型,含even(甚至)的句式,助动词对谓语动词的强调句型以及It's/was …that(who/whom)…等句型。狭义的强调句指的是It's/was …that(who/whom)…句型。
怎样使用It‘s/was …that(who/whom)…句型?
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(1) It was the committee that/ who had a heated discussion about the housing system in Shanghai last May.
(2)不能使用It's/was …that(who/whom)…句型对谓语动词进行强调。
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(3) It was a heated discussion about the housing system that the committee had in Shanghai last May.
(4) It was in Shanghai that the committee had a heated discussion about the housing system last May.
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(5) It was last May that the committee had a heated discussion about the housing system in Shanghai.
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运用It is …that(who/whom)…强调句型应注意:
1. “It is + 被强调部分+that…” 结构为强调句型基本结构,其中结构用词无单独含义,整体理解为“就是/正是……”。
2. 将被强调部分置于is/was与that之间,其余部分无变化。
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根据汉语提示完成句子
1. 一定要保持联系。
__________ keep in touch with each other.
2. ——你昨晚缺席了。
——没有,我真的来了的。
— You were absent last night.
— No. I__________ __________ last night.
Do
did come
怎样对句中谓语动词进行强调?
3. 我爸爸很难戒烟。他确实喜欢抽烟。
It's hard for Father to give up smoking. He __________ __________ smoking.
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does like
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助动词do /does/did+ 动词原形可以强调谓语动词。 但需注意:谓语动词只有两种时态能强调,即一般现在时和一般过去时。在一般现在时中,do有人称的变化,第三人称单数用does,一般过去时do 变成did。其他时态的强调通过重读谓语动词来体现。
翻译下列句子,指出各句式特点
1. Now comes your turn.
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什么是倒装?
现在轮到你了。句子的谓语动词comes放在主语your turn之前,主谓倒装。
二、倒装
2. Seldom do I eat out.
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我很少外出吃饭。句子的谓语动词eat放在主语I之后,但助动词do置于主语前。
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英语句子中,将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。而倒装可分为两种:将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装;而只将be、情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装。
翻译下列句子,指出各倒装句使用倒装的条件
1. In came the teacher and the class began.
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英语中完全倒装句式有哪几种情形?
老师走了进来,然后开始上课。倒装条件:方位副词in放句首。
2. There stand two tall trees in front of our school gate.
3. Finally came the day when I stood on the stage to make a speech.
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我们学校门口屹立着两棵大树。倒装条件:地点副词there放句首。
我上台演讲的那一天终于来了。倒装条件:时间副词finally放句首。
4. Off went the fire crackers.
5. At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.
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“啪”的一声鞭炮响了。倒装条件:状态副词off放句首。
山脚下有一个美丽的湖泊。倒装条件:介词短语at the foot of the hill放句首。
6. Click, click went the weaving room.
7. “Reserve a table for me, please!” said a customer.
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喀哒,喀哒,织布房响个不停。倒装条件:象声词click放句首。
“请帮我预订一张桌子!”有个顾客说。倒装条件:直接引语“Reserve a table for me,please!”放句首。
8. Long live friendship!
9. Here it is!
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友谊万岁!
给你。 主语为人称代词it,虽然地点副词 here放句首,不需要倒装。
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英语中完全倒装句式的几种情形:
1. out, in, up, down等方位副词在句首时;
2. here, there等地点副词在句首时;
3. now, then, finally等时间副词在句首时;
4. away, off等状态副词在句首时;
5. 表示地点的介词词组在句首时;
6. 象声词在句首时;
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7. 直接引语放前面,引出说话人时;
8. 在表示祝愿的句式中:Long live…!;
9. 上述情况下,如主语为人称代词,不需要倒装。
翻译下列各组句子,注意部分倒装使用的条件
1. (1) Only in this way can we make great progress.
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英语中部分倒装句式有哪几种情形?
只有这样我们才能取得大的进步。
只有那时我才认识到友谊的价值。
只有当你手头特别紧的时候,你才可以向我借钱。
(2) Only then did I realize the value of friendship.
(3) Only when you are in trouble can you borrow money from me.
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我很少抽烟。
我一到家电话就响了。
2. (1) Seldom do I smoke.
(2) Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.
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3. (1) Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
(2) Not only does he speak English well but also he has a good knowledge of English culture.
(3) By no means will you be allowed to play computer games without finishing your homework.
到开始工作时我才认识到我浪费了很多时间。
他不仅擅长英语口语而且对英国文化也很熟悉。
你没完成作业决不可以玩电脑游戏。
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他们跳舞跳得如此好以致观众不时鼓掌。
那个年轻人跑出来时如此匆忙以致差点撞倒我。
4. (1)So beautifully did they dance that all the audience applauded now and then.
(2) In such a hurry did the young man rush out that he almost knocked me down.
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中国是发展中国家,俄罗斯也是。
他哥哥以前希腊语说得好,他姐姐也是这样。
你完成作业了,我也完成了。
5. (1) China is a developing country and so is Russia.
(2) His brother spoke Greek well and so did his sister.
(3) You have finished your homework and so have I.
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假如他不去,我也不去。
我没有教授头衔,我也不在乎(没有教授头衔)。
6. (1) If he doesn't go, neither will I.
(2) I don't have a professor title and neither do I care.
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我非常清楚地记得我看到那条路上发生可怕交通事故的那一天。
他多次给我好的建议。
7. (1) Well do I remember the day when I saw a terrible accident on that road.
(2) Many a time has he given me good advice.
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8. (1) Should I be free this afternoon. I will come and help you with your lesson.
(2) Were I in your place,I would not be so depressed.
(3)Had it not been for the captain,the ship would have sunk with all on board.
假如今天下午有空, 我会来帮你学功课。
假如我的处境同你一样,我不会这样沮丧。
要不是船长,这条船连同船上所有的人将沉入水中。
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虽然是孩子,他对工程学知之甚多。
虽然他会尝试,他不会成功。
9. (1) Child as he is, he knows quite a lot about engineering.
(2)Try though he might, he wouldn't succeed.
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祝你成功!
10. May you succeed!
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11. (1) However good you are at English, keep modest.
(2) How inflexible you were! In this situation, you should have made your own decision.
(3) What a confusing expression it is!
无论你英语学得多好,都要保持谦虚。
你当时多么呆板啊!在这种情况下,你本来可以作出自己的决定的。
它是容易混淆的一个表达。
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旧社会黑暗的日子一去不复返了。
田间所长的是绿色的作物。
12. (1) Gone forever are the dark days of the old society.
(2) Growing in the field are green crops.
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英语中部分倒装句式使用的情形如下:
1. 当only引导的副词,介词短语,从句放句首作状语时;
2. 当表示频度或数量的否定副词seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,little等放句首时;
3. 当含有否定意义的副词not或no的短语放句首时;
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4. 当表示程度“如此”意义的 so或such放句首时;
5. 当表示前一个主语肯定意义的情况也适用于后一个主语,用so表达时;
6. 当表示前一个主语否定意义的情况也适用于后一个主语,或表示延伸否定,用neither或nor表达时;
7. 当表示方式或频度的词语放句首时;
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8. 当含有should,were,had的虚拟条件从句省略if时;
9. 当用as或though表达让步状语从句时;
10. 在表达祝愿的特殊句式中: May sb. do sth.;
11. 在however引导的让步状语从句和感叹句中(表语往往提前);
12. 当句子主语过长,为了平衡句子结构时。
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翻译下列句子,指出画线部分的含义
1. I failed in the English Competition and so_did_he.
这次英语竞赛我失利了,他也一样。so did he 表示前一个主语的情况适用于“he”,即“他也失利”了。
So did he/ So he did/He did so有何区别?
2. — The old teacher devoted his life to teaching.
— So_he_did. He was always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave.
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——那位老教师把一生奉献给了教育。
——他确实是这样。他总是第一个赶到学校,最后一个离开学校。So he did.表示强调,强调主语“devoted”的真实性,即“确实把一生奉献给了教育”。
3. The princess asked the king to give her 100 diamond rings and he_did_so.
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公主要国王给她一百枚戒指,国王照做了。he did so 表示听从建议或请求、命令,即“国王按照公主的请求给了她一百枚戒指”。
注意词序和含义上的区别:
1. so did he 表示前一个主语的情况适用于“he”,即“他也一样”。
2. so he did表示强调,强调主语“he”的动作或状态的真实性,即“他确实,真的做了某事或是某种情况”。
3. he did so 表示听从建议或请求、命令,即“他按 照吩咐/请求/命令这样做了”。
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