课件22张PPT。四川省英语第29讲 非谓语动词中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有：
1．动名词和动词不定式作主语；
2．动名词和动词不定式作表语，宾语；
3．动词不定式作宾语补足语；
4．动词不定式作目的状语；
5．固定短语搭配。高频考点一 不定式
1．构成：to＋动词原形，即：to do形式。其否定形式为：not to do。如：
The teacher tells me to finish my homework after school.老师告诉我放学后完成我的家庭作业。
2．动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
?作主语
To help the old is our duty.帮助老人是我们的职责。
注意：动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。① “It's＋ adj.＋of sb.＋不定式”表示“某人(做某事)……”。这一句型中常用表示性质、品格的形容词，常用的有good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。如：
It's kind of you to help me.你帮了我，你真好。
② “It's＋ adj.＋for sb.＋不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”。常用的形容词有difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有用的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)等。如：
It's dangerous for you to climb that tall tree.对你来说，爬上那棵高树是危险的。?作表语
To eat is to live，but to live is not to eat.吃饭是为了活着，但活着并不是为了吃饭。
?作宾语
常接不定式作宾语的动词有：decide(决定)，expect(期望)，forget(忘记)，hope(希望)，pretend(假装)，try(尽力)等。如：
I want to borrow your bike.我想借你的自行车。?作宾语补足语
常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask(要求)，tell(告诉)，want(想要)，teach(教)，wish(希望)，help(帮助)，warn(警告)，invite(邀请)，encourage(鼓励)等。如：
Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜告诉她的姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。
She asked me to answer the phone while she was out.当她出去的时候，她叫我接电话。?作定语
动词不定式作定语时，常置于被修饰名词之后作后置定语，且被修饰的名词与不定式的动词有动宾关系或介宾关系。如：
He wants some water to drink.他想要些水喝。(动宾)
He has no friends to talk with.他没有可以与之交谈的朋友。(介宾)
注意：①当不定式修饰的名词是time，place或way时，不定式后的介词习惯省去。如：
He had no place to live(in)．他没地方住。②有些名词常用不定式作定语。如：
a chance to go to school上学的机会
no time to think about rest没时间考虑休息
a way to learn(of learning)English学习英语的一种方法?作状语
They ran over to welcome us.(表目的)
他们跑过来欢迎我们。
Paul is too excited to say anything.(表结果)
保罗激动得说不出话来。
I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)
很抱歉打扰你。注：有些动词不定式在使用时，要省去to。具体有：
①在动词let，feel，see，look at，watch，have，make，notice，hear等动词后，动词不定式作宾语时，要省略to。但在变被动语态时，省略的to要加上。如：
I heard someone knock at the door.我听到有人在敲门。
We saw him enter the room.我们看到他进了房间。
②在would you please，had better，why not，would rather等结构的句型后，要用不带to的不定式。如：
Would you please make your bed？请整理下你的床，好吗？
You'd better go to bed early.你最好早点睡觉。3．特殊疑问词＋动词不定式
能接不定式的疑问词有：what，which，how，who，when，where等。它们可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语。如：
I don't know what to do.我不知道该做什么。
I don't know how to do it.我不知道该怎么去做这事。
I don't know what to do about it.关于这件事，我不知道该做些什么。
The question is who to go.问题是谁去。【例1】 How kind you are！You always do what you can ________ others. (2015，无锡)
A．help B．helping C．helps D．to help
解析：动词不定式作状语。句意为“你总是尽你所能来帮助别人”。
答案：__D__【例2】 My parents often tell me________too much junk food because it's bad for my health. (2016，原创)
A．not eating B．not to eat
C．eating D．to eat
解析：tell sb.(not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事”，动词不定式做宾语；由原因状语从句的句意“因为它对我的健康不利”可知，此处应用动词不定式的否定形式。
答案：__B__【例3】 The traffic signs warn people after drinking.(2015，青岛)
A．to drive B．not to drive
C．driving D．don't drive
解析：warn sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“警告某人做某事”，其否定形式为warn sb. not to do sth.。结合常识可知，交通标志应是“警告人们不要酒后驾驶”。
答案：__B__【例4】 —Why is Linlin practicing speaking English?
—________abroad for further study. (2016，原创)
A．Go B．Gone C．To go D．Goes
解析：疑问词why用于提问原因，动词不定式结构可用来表示目的，回答原因。
答案：__C__
【例5】 Students should learn how ________ problem.
A．solve B．solving C．can solve D．to solve
解析：“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”在句中作宾语。
答案：__D__高频考点二 动名词
动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如：
Saying so much is useless.说那么多没用。(主语)
My greatest pleasure is traveling.我最大的乐趣是旅游。(表语)
She enjoys going to the cinema.她喜爱看电影。(宾语)
There is a swimming pool here.这儿有一个游泳池。(定语)
注意：(1)初中阶段常见的接动名词的动词或动词短语有：enjoy(喜欢)，finish(完成)，keep(保持)，practice(练习)，mind(介意)，suggest(建议)，avoid(避免)，be busy(忙于)；be worth(值得)，can't help(禁不住)，give up(放弃)，be used to(习惯于)，stop/prevent/keep...from(阻止)，look forward to(盼望)；feel like(想要)；be good at(擅长)；be interested in(对……感兴趣)；succeed in(成功)等。【例6】 Isn't it strange that the cat is used to________(lie) beside the dog peacefully?
答案：lying
【例7】 It is worth________(mention)that Nanjing has entered Top 10 Appealing Chinese Cities.
答案：mentioning
【例8】 Would you mind________(turn) down the music？The baby is sleeping.
答案：turning
【例9】 Students in our class have finished________(read) the article.
答案：reading【例10】Remember ________ the book to the library when you finish ________ it.(2015，河源)
A．to return；to read B．returning；reading
C．to return；reading D．returning；to read
解析：题干意思为“你读完之后记得把书还回图书馆”。此处“还书”这个动作还未发生，故应用remember to do sth.。finish doing sth.是固定搭。
答案：__C__考点跟踪突破29 非谓语动词
1．—Is this dictionary Ming's?
—Yes.Please remember __B__ it to him when you finish ________the words.(2015，达州)
A．to return；to look up B．to return；looking up
C．returning；to look up D．returning；looking up
2．This sign is used __A__ tourists to stay away from the lion in the zoo.(2015，南通)
A．to warn B．to warning
C．to make D．to making
3．Martin was so busy __A__ the old that he gave up his part-time job.(2015，上海)
A．helping B．helped C．to help D．help
4．Jim wants to hang out with his friends at night，but his parents don't allow him __C__ so.
A．do B．does C．to do D．doing
5．Mr.Yang always explains the difficult points many times __A__ his students understand.(2015，本溪)
A．to make B．make C．making D．makes
6．Jane was shy.She would not invite her classmates __D__(2015，梅州)
A．practice B．practices
C．practicing D．to practice
7．Sarah，you'd better drink more water after __D__ for such a long time.(2015，广州)
A．run B．runs C．to run D．running
8．I was tired out，so I stopped the car __C__ a short rest.(2015，苏州)
A．have B．having C．to have D．had
9．I still like those good old songs.I often listened __C__ myself in my spare time.(2015，淮安)
A．enjoy B．enjoying C．to enjoy D．enjoyed
10．—Is Jack in the next room?
—Well，it's hard to say.But I heard him __D__ loudly when I passed by just now.(2015，孝感)
A．speak B．to speak C．spoken D．speaking
11．Look！There are some birds __C__ in the sky.They are very beautiful.(2015，宜宾)
A．to fly B．fly C．flying D．flown
12．__D__ vegetable juice is a good habit，which helps you eat a balanced diet.(2014，曲靖)
A．Drink B．Drank
C．Drunk D．Drinking
13．—Would you mind __A__ now? It's already midnight.
—Sorry，I won't.(2015，龙东)
A．not singing B．not to sing C．don't sing
14．—Thanks for __C__ me with my English.
—It's my pleasure.I'm glad you've made such great progress.
A．help B．to help C．helping
15．—Alex，I think two hours of TV is enough for you.
—Could I at least finish __A__ this show？(2015，贵阳)
A．watching B．to watch C．watch
16．At least 300 million people are using QQ __C__ by Ma Huateng to chat online.(2015，汕尾)
A．to create B．creat C．created D．creating
17．—What do you remember about Grade 7?
—I remember __B__ a prize.(2015，鄂州)
A．win B．winning C．to win D．wining
18．—Did you talk back to your mother when you were a child?
—Yes.But now I realize I was wrong.I really regret __C__ that silly thing to my mum.(2015，襄阳)
A．do B．to do C．doing D．did
19．—So beautiful flowers！I can't decide __B__ for my mom.
—For Mother's Day，it can't be better to take some carnations(康乃馨)．(2015，福州)
A．when to choose B．which to choose
C．how to choose
20．It's necessary for us __A__ English well.(2015，南充)
A．to learn B．learning C．learn D．learns
21．Mike is used to __A__ to school every day.He thinks it's good for his health.
A．walking B．walk C．walks D．to walk
22．—Tom，have you ever watched the talent show The Voice of China？(2014，玉林)
—Yes，Lucy，if you are good at singing，you may consider __B__ a try.
A．to have B．having C．has D．have
23．The old man prefers to __B__ at home rather than ________ to have a picnic.(2014，绥化)
A．staying；going B．stay；go C．stay；go
24．Paul looks forward to __C__ his pen pal as soon as possible.(2014，梅州)
A．meets B．meet C．meeting D．met
25．Don't forget __B__ your umbrella.It's raining outside.
A．taking B．to take C．to taking D．takes
