课件27张PPT。第38讲 完形填空Have you ever offered a helping hand to those who are in trouble?
One day，two __1__ were walking along the road to school when they saw an old woman carrying a large basket of pears.They thought the woman looked very __2__．They went up to her and said，“Are you going to town？If you are，we will help carry your basket.”
“Thank you，”__3__ the woman，“you are very kind.You see I'm weak and ill.”Then she told them that she was now going to market to __4__ the pears which grew on the only tree in her little garden.“We are all going to the __5__，”said the boys.“Let us have the basket.”And they took hold of it，one each side.They walked __6__ with the heavy basket，but happily.
The other day，I saw a little girl stop and __7__ a piece of orange peel (皮)，which she threw into the dustbin (垃圾桶)，“I wish __8__ would throw that on the sidewalk，” said she.“Someone may step on it and fall.”
Perhaps some may say that these are not __9__ things.That is right.But such a little thing shows that you have a thoughtful mind and a feeling heart.We must not wait for the __10__ to do great things.We must begin with little things of love.( )1.A.boys B．girls C．men D．women
( )2.A.bored B．tired C．pleased D．surprised
( )3.A.asked B．told C．replied D．spoke
( )4.A.bring B．buy C．take D．sell
( )5.A.town B．market C．garden D．school
( )6.A.weakly B．quickly C．slowly D．quietly
( )7.A.take out B．cut off C．put down D．pick up
( )8.A.nobody B．everybody C．somebody D．anybody
( )9.A.little B．good C．great D．bad
( )10.A.pay B．time C．advice D．loveABCDACDACB“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。
一、了解“完形填空”题要求填入的词：
1．语法结构所要求的功能词。如：连接词，连接代词，连接副词，关系代词，关系副词等。
2．具有语法变化的普通词。如：动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的等级等。
3．固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。
4．同义词、近义词等易混淆词。
5．根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。二、掌握“完形填空”题解题策略：
1．解题前要通读全文，领悟大意。
完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现，因此，通读全文，把握文章整体大意尤为重要。很多同学为了省时间，只看选项，不看文章。不看上下文，不寻找文章中句子与句子的关系，结果做出来的答案往往是错误的。
2．解题时要全面考虑，确定选项。
完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺句子之间的关系，确定正确的答案。其具体做法有：?重视首句，寻求信息
完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章，留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题，可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。要充分利用首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。
【例1】 Few people like changing their habits，good or bad.Whether it is smoking，drinking or over eating，they ________ “enjoying” them to the end.(2015，苏州，16)
A．stop B．continue C．finish D．avoid
解析：由首句“Few people like changing their habits，good or bad.(很少有人喜欢改变他们的习惯，好的或坏的。)”可知此处表示“他们继续‘享受’着这些习惯”。
答案：____BMy mother only had one eye.And because of this，I never wished her to show up in my school，being afraid that my classmates would __1__ I had an ugly mother.(2014，十堰，41)
( )1.A.run out B．put out
C．come out D．find outD?明辨褒贬语境，判断是非
几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文章并准确理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。
【例2】 His house turned into a comfortable place immediately.The poor man ________.(2015，广东，55)
A．cheered up B．rang up
C．sped up D．stayed up
解析：由关键词comfortable可知，房子变得舒适了，那个穷人应该是“高兴起来了”。
答案：____A【例3】 Happiness depends on what we have！It's in our heart.It's a state of mind，even though you own the whole world，you may still feel ________.(2015，黄冈，55)
A．funny B．happy C．excited D．unhappy
解析：由关键词even though来判断此处句意应为“即使你拥有整个世界，你也可能会仍然感到不开心”。
答案：____DFinally，I stopped in the air.I spread my arms wide，laughing loudly and __2__．The workers pulled me up，smiling at me.(2015，长沙，40)
( )2.A.sadly B．angrily C．proudlyC?巧用平行结构，判断逻辑
平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义上的关联和对比这一特点来设题。了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。
【例4】 On October 20，2009，my mother died after a long illness...I was so thankful that she no longer had aches and ________.(2015，宁波，27)
A．gifts B．pains C．dialogs D．mistakes
解析：由上文可知，我非常欣慰母亲不再受疼痛的折磨。与aches(疼痛)相对称的词为pains。
答案：____BThey found that the kids who watched violent cartoons fought with others and __3__ class rules more often.(2014，宜宾，47)
( )3.A.broke B．followed
C．obeyed D．madeA ?结合常识，明辨真伪
【例5】 We can't force life to follow our wishes.The earth won't ________ turning whether we accept it or not.
A．stop B．keep C．start
解析：句意为：“我们不能强迫生活会遵循我们的愿望。无论我们是否接受，地球都不会停止转动。”
答案：____AIt read “Dear Marie，I love you always.Miss you a lot.Don't forget me.Be __4__！Love，Mom.” That day，I cried.(2015，宁波，30)
( )4.A.serious B．happy C．patient D．strictB?熟练语法和固定搭配，轻松解题
对语法、固定搭配等基础知识的考查也是完形填空的命题角度之一。对于这种题，考生除了要注意平时的积累外，还要针对语法结构、句式特点、短文设空中需填的词在句中作什么成分、哪类词适合、应采取什么形式等进行分析，从而解决问题。
【例6】At the same time，in developing countries like China and Brazil，sales of meat have doubled in the last 20 years.________ will double again by 2050.(2015，南昌，64)
A．It B．That C．We D．They
解析：空白处所填词在句中作主语，指代上文中所提到的“sales”，为可数名词复数形式。
答案：____DLast week，students at Rosie Bridge School worked hard to make their English Week very successful.
There __5__ a lot of activities including an English book fair in the library and a treasure hunt.(2015，沈阳，16)
( )5.A.are B．were
C．is D．wasB ?多方推断，寻求线索
完形填空所提供的是一篇具有完整意义的短文，其段与段、句与句、甚至词与词之间都有不可分割的、千丝万缕的联系。因此考生在做题时不要只注意设空处所在的短句子或段落，还要善于从上下文中寻找相关的提示信息。考生可利用正向推断法、逆向推断法和正逆向联合推断法寻找相关信息。
正向推断法——正向推断法要求考生利用已知信息推断下文未知信息，当然这儿所指的信息包括设空处近处或远处的信息。考生应认真阅读并分析上下文内容，弄清事实，并思考下文的发展方向，从而推断下文的未知信息。逆向推断法要求考生利用下文已知信息反向推断上文未知信息。当利用上文已知信息无法准确推断下文未知信息时，不能着急，应沉着冷静地阅读下文，看下文哪些事实或细节是上文未知信息的延伸和发展，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。
在有些情况下，空格处未知信息既不能单独由上文已知信息正向推断而出，也不能单独由下文反向推断而出，而需要考生利用其上下文已知信息联合推断而出。考生应认真阅读并分析上下文，看哪些细节或事实与空格处有联系，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。?正向推断法
【例7】One day，Li Xuan discovered a wishing well (许愿池) on the side of the road.(2015，长春，31)
He took out a coin and thew it into the ________.
A．street B．well C．river D．room
解析：由上文“一天，李轩在路边发现了一个许愿池”可知，他拿出一枚硬币是投向许愿池。
答案：____BThe plane took off.A passenger needed a cup of water to take his medicine.An air hostess (空姐) told him that she would bring him the __6__ soon.(2015，安徽，56)
( )6.A.medicine B．water
C．cup D．coffee
It seemed that the storm meant nothing to her.She sat on her seat reading a book.Sometimes she closed her eyes，then she would read again，with no __7__ or fear in her eyes.(2015，河南，40)
( )7.A.pride B．worry
C．anger D．regretBB?逆向推断法
【例8】 It was a Sunday morning，and I was in a ________ mood (情绪)．Two of my friends had gone to the movies the night before and hadn't invited me.(2015，山西，31)
A．good B．terrible
C．peaceful
解析：由下文中“我的两个朋友前一天晚上去看电影了但是没有邀请我”可知，我的心情很糟糕。
答案：____BBert Manson，82，slowly opened his eyes and turned to face the clock on the beside table.It was 8：23 a．m.He felt __8__．The time was nothing to him.He had nothing to do all day.(2015，佛山，31)
( )8.A.pleased B．sad C．surprised
He raised a glass of water and asked them，“How __9__ do you think this glass of water is？”．..Their answers are different，from 20g to 500g.(2015，河北，41)
( )9.A.heavy B．full
C．much D．longBA?正逆向联合法
【例9】 Just then a young man jumped out_of_a_car and asked if I was Jenny.Then we ________ to the bungee jumping place.I was amazed by the sights along the road through_the_window_of_the_car．(2015，长沙，34)
A．walked B．ran C．drove
解析：由上句中的out of a car以及下句through the window of the car.可知，我们是开车去的。
答案：____C...She wondered if they were getting the_right_foods．
Amelia read all she could about gorillas and learned what they like to __10__．Then she started a “gorilla garden”．She grows the fruits_and_vegetables that gorillas love to eat.(2015，南京，19)
( )10.A.eat B．bite C．fight D．kickADo you ever watch old movies？Maybe you will see one with Carole Lombard.She was a famous __11__ in the 1930s.She died when she was only 34.In her short life she made_70_movies．(2015，天津，41)
( )11.A.nurse B．actress
C．doctor D．teacherB?复读全文，检验答案
把填充后的短文反复阅读一两遍，逐一检查、校对所选答案是否符合短文中心及上下文要求，并确保没有不符合语言规范、不符合语法规则的选项。
很多同学做完形填空题存在一个误区，把很多的时间放到四个选项的比较上，这会降低解题效率。正确做法应是：
①顺藤摸瓜，首先是藤，你拿到文章之后要重点读第一句。
②瞻前顾后，在文章空格的上下文处，你觉得这个地方需要什么词，带着这个目的在四个选项里找。
③顾全大局，做一道题时应该在段落里面理解一句话。
④认清细节，比如考固定搭配的题。
总之要想成功突破完形填空必须做到：研读首尾，抓主题；上下联系，寻信息；左顾右盼，找搭配；思前想后，觅逻辑；语境分析，辨词义；回读检查，补漏洞。考点跟踪突破38 完形填空
训练一 记叙文
A(2015，龙东)
Every great achievement has been the result of years of dreaming.Even in early times，people could realize the __1__ of dreams.If a person has a dream and works hard，he or she will find a way __2__ bring it into success.
Children do not have __3__ knowledge.However，they are natural dreamers.We should not __4__ them.With their rich imagination，they will __5__ with fantastic dreams.History is __6__ of examples.Many great men were dreamers when they were children.One such dreamer was Thomas Edison.He used to __7__ ostracized(排斥) when he was in primary school，but his achievements were greater than __8__ in his time.
Teenagers and young people should also be __9__ to dream.They had big dreams and their dreams __10__ their lives and even the world.Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are the good examples.They __11__ developed technology and brought great progress to humans besides making money for __12__．
Older people should believe that it is never __13__ late to dream.Colonel Saunders __14__ KFC at the age of 67.Everyone has a chance to make dreams __15__．
(B)1.A.important B．importance C．most important
(A)2.A.to B．of C．for
(C)3.A.many B．a lot C．much
(B)4.A.make fun B．laugh at C．look down
(A)5.A.come up B．catch up C．get on
(A)6.A.full B．filled C．fill
(B)7.A.being B．be C．been
(B)8.A.else everyone's B．everyone else's
C．everyone else
(A)9.A.encouraged B．encouraging C．encourage
(B)10.A.change B．changed C．to change
(C)11.A.had B．have to C．have
(B)12.A.them B．themselves C．theirs
(C)13.A.so B．very C．too
(A)14.A.set up B．set out C．put up
(A)15.A.come true B．achieve C．realize
B(2015，杭州)
Marcos was a hardworking farmer.Every day he asked his only son to __1__ him in the fields，but Paolo seldom got out of bed before noon.Marcos was very __2__ about his only son.
One evening Marcos' old friend Luigi __3__，“ Marcos，why aren't your fields ready for planting？”Marcos explained that he was old and his back hurt.He said that Paolo was __4__ and did not help him with the farming.“Marcos，you need to use your __5__ as much as your back.I have an idea for you.” Luigi said.
Early the next morning Marcos rushed into Paolo's room.“ I found your grandfather's map！” he cried.“We may find __6__ he buried(埋)his gold coins！”Paolo jumped out of bed.“I'll start over here.” Paolo told his father.Paolo __7__ in the field all day.While Paolo dug，his father __8__ along，dropping something from his bag into the ground.When they went in for dinner that night，a very tired Paolo said，“I think Grandfather was old when he made his map.I don't think I'll dig tomorrow.”
Paolo __9__ to his lazy way and slept all morning.One day Marcos rushed into Paolo's room and cried，“ Paolo！I found the treasure in the fields！” Paolo sleepily went out to __10__．He said，“ There is __11__ here but lines and lines of vegetables.”
Marcos smiled.“Paola，it is all around you.You have enough food to make it __12__ the winter，with plenty more to sell！” Paolo was embarrassed(尴尬的)to see that his father was __13__.His one day of hard work had provided him with real treasure.He learned an important __14__.He could make a good living with a little hard work.He became a good __15__ and made his father proud.
(B)1.A.feed B．help C．save D．watch
(A)2.A.sad B．happy C．proud D．bored
(D)3.A.stood up B．moved in
C．started out D．stopped by
(C)4.A.busy B．excited C．lazy D．free
(C)5.A.hands B．feet C．brain D．face
(B)6.A.how B．where C．when D．why
(A)7.A.dug B．planted C．played D．arrived
(D)8.A.got B．ate C．sang D．followed
(B)9.A.listened B．returned
C．talked D．led
(C)10.A.watch B．find C．look D．discover
(D)11.A.everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
(A)12.A.through B．without
C．since D．before
(B)13.A.sure B．right C．rich D．kind
(C)14.A.plan B．meeting C．lesson D．opinion
(D)15.A.student B．actor
C．friend D．farmer
C(2015，孝感)
Sally is eighty-six years old.She has no sons __1__ daughters.Her husband died ten years ago.But she didn't move into a nursing home.She would like to __2__ herself every day.
Every night she spends two hours __3__ kids with math for twenty years.All kids living on her street can get her help without payment(报酬)．She was a famous math __4__ before she retired(退休)from a middle school.
She gets up early in the morning，then does sports，goes shopping or helps cleaners __5__ the street.And she does these happily.
When the kids come for help，she is always __6__ and tries her best.People asked her __7__.She said，“I love it.It makes me happy to help them.”
She is always happy every day and always says hello to people around her __8__ a smile.
“ I've decided to love everything around me.So I'm happy to do __9__.
I'm thankful for those kids who come to me for help.Each kid is my __10__.I love each day to help them.” she said.
Really，a good decision decided on what one does in life.
(B)1.A.and B．or C．but D．so
(C)2.A.look like B．look at
C．look after D．look for
(A)3.A.helping B．working
C．studying D．teaching
(A)4.A.teacher B．nurse
C．worker D．cleaner
(C)5.A.do B．run C．sweep D．play
(B)6.A.awful B．happy C．tired D．boring
(A)7.A.why B．where C．when D．how
(C)8.A.for B．on C．with D．in
(D)9.A.anything B．nothing
C．something D．everything
(B)10.A.example B．gift
C．teacher D．helper
D(2015，天津)
Do you ever watch old movies？Maybe you will see one with Carole Lombard.She was a famous __1__ in the 1930s.She died when she was only 34.In her __2__ life she made 70 movies!
Lombard's real name was Jane Alice Peters.In 1921，she was playing baseball in the __3__ near her home.A movie director __4__ her and decided to put her in a movie.She was only 13 at the time.The movie was one of the last silent movies.She acted (表演) so well that she __5__ the hearts of some people.At 16，she left school to act.
In 1925，she had an agreement with a __6__ studio，20th Century Fox.The studio gave __7__ a new name，and she acted in several films.Then，at age 18，she was in a bad car accident.The accident left scars (伤疤) on her face.The studio broke the agreement，but she did not __8__．She continued to act.
It was Paramount Studio that made Lombard a __9__．She made many movies for the studio.She also married two of their stars.Lombard was married to actor William Powell for only 23 months.__10__ seven years later，she married the great love of her life，actor Clark Gable.It was a great Hollywood love story.
(B)1.A.nurse B．actress C．doctor D．teacher
(A)2.A.short B．lazy
C．long D．humorous
(D)3.A.kitchen B．classroom
C．cinema D．street
(B)4.A.forgot B．saw C．hurt D．pushed
(C)5.A.broke B．avoided C．won D．treated
(B)6.A.dance B．film C．music D．school
(C)7.A.me B．it C．her D．him
(A)8.A.give up B．have a try
C．make sure D．lift up
(D)9.A.scientist B．writer C．driver D．star
(A)10.A.But B．Before C．Since D．As
E(2015，金华)
I live in a city where jobs are difficult to get and finding well?paid jobs is even __1__.Many people have to walk a long way to work __2__ they can't even afford an old，used car.
Yesterday I __3__ one of these people when I was driving home.A man was walking down the road and trying to ask for a __4__ from the passing cars.Two cars in front of me passed him by.__5__ wanted to do the same but the sight of that poor man remained in my mind for quite a moment.__6__ I drove back and gave him a ride.
As I drove along，we had a conversation and I __7__ that the man was trying all his best to support his __8__ while working a temporary(临时的)job.Every coin he had was going to __9__ the house and food.But as we came close to the house he was living in，I saw his tired eyes grow __10__.His little girl was playing in the front yard and __11__ into her daddy's arms as soon as he was out of the __12__.I was almost lost in that happy moment.I smiled，said __13__ to them and wished them future happiness.Then I __14__.
That day，the journey home which used to seem so __15__ became very short.
(B)1.A.easier B．harder C．faster D．greater
(C)2.A.and B．but C．because D．so
(D)3.A.called B．followed C．saved D．saw
(A)4.A.ride B．coin C．job D．map
(B)5.A.He B．I C．They D．We
(B)6.A.Actually B．Finally
C．Firstly D．Similarly
(C)7.A.decided B．hoped
C．learned D．said
(A)8.A.family B．friends C．relatives D．partners
(C)9.A.depend on B．make up
C．pay for D．take away
(D)10.A.dry B．small C．dark D．bright
(D)11.A.climbed B．fell
C．knocked D．ran
(B)12.A.bus B．car C．taxi D．train
(A)13.A.goodbye B．hello
C．sorry D．yes
(A)14.A.drove off B．sat down
C．stoop up D．walked away
(C)15.A.boring B．interesting
C．long D．unusual
F(2015，嘉兴)
Gwondo was a trainer of dogs.He would go out every day with his dogs，to __1__ them how to catch animals so all his tribe(部落) could eat.
Wherever Gwondo went，his tribe could see him away in the distance __2__ his white hair would shine in the sunlight.The tribe __3__ would say to their children，“See，there is Gwondo and his dogs，searching for __4__ for us all.” Gwondo went out hunting every day and always came __5__ with much food.And all were very happy.
Now Gwondo grew __6__ and as all humans do，one day he died.The tribe felt sad and cried many days and many nights __7__ one day the elders called to their children，“ You have cried enough for Gwondo.Now it is time to __8__ living.Go down to the beach and be happy.”
The children ran down to the beach and looked out to sea.__9__，they all looked at each other，then turned and ran back to their elders，__10__，“Come quickly.Gwondo，he is back with us.He is out in the sea.” The elders hurried to the __11__ and said，“Yes！It is Gwondo back！He is now a dolphin and lives in the sea.”
Now whenever you see __12__ dolphins in the sea，look for the big old dolphin.You will know him because he has a large white fin on __13__ back.He is Gwondo and he is training the young dolphins to chase(追逐) __14__ close to the beach so that his tribe can catch them.
Gwondo is known to all the tribes __15__ the east coast of Australia.They call him their sea dog.
(B)1.A.ask B．teach C．study D．advise
(C)2.A.before B．unless C．because D．although
(A)3.A.elders B．guards C．teachers D．visitors
(A)4.A.food B．water C．oil D．salt
(C)5.A.down B．out C．back D．about
(B)6.A.tall B．old C．thin D．strong
(D)7.A.after B．as C．since D．until
(C)8.A.depend on B．give up
C．think about D．look after
(D)9.A.Finally B．However C．Anyway D．Suddenly
(D)10.A.explaining B．warning
C．answering D．calling
(B)11.A.hill B．beach C．forest D．camp
(A)12.A.a group of B．a kind of
C．a pair of D．a pool of
(B)13.A.its B．his C．her D．my
(B)14.A.sheep B．fish C．dogs D．dolphins
(C)15.A.for B．in C．on D．above
训练二 议论文
A(2015，河北)
A teacher was giving a talk to his students on stress(压力) management.He raised a glass of water and asked them，“How __1__ do you think this glass of water is？” The students began to think and __2__.Their answers are different，from 20g to 500g.
“It does not matter on the real __3__.It depends on how long you hold it.If I hold it for a __4__，it is OK.If I hold it for an hour，I will have an ache in my right arm.If I hold it for a day，you will have to call a __5__.It is the exact same weight，but the longer I hold it，the heavier it becomes.What we have to do is to put the glass down，__6__for a while before holding it up again.”
“If we carry our burdens(负担)__7__，sooner or later we will not be able to carry on.The burden will become increasingly heavier.We have to __8__ the burden every now and then，so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on.”
So __9__ you return home from work tonight，put the burden of work down.Don't carry it back home.You can pick it up tomorrow.
Whatever burdens you have，let them down for a moment if you can.And learn to __10____ourselves.
Life is short but amazing.Enjoy it!
(A)1.A.heavy B．full C．much D．long
(C)2.A.read B．watch C．guess D．listen
(B)3.A.glass B．weight C．water D．height
(A)4.A.minute B．night C．day D．week
(C)5.A.mother B．teacher C．doctor D．friend
(A)6.A.rest B．shake C．look D．work
(D)7.A.this time B．some other time
C．next time D．all the time
(B)8.A.give up B．put down
C．pick up D．think about
(C)9.A.after B．since C．before D．until
(D)10.A.save B．help C．care D．relax
B(2015，哈尔滨)
How can we keep a feeling of balance(平衡)in our lives? How can we live with a positive attitude? To answer the two questions，let's __1__ the following points.
Life Isn't Fair (公平的)Our life isn't always __2__ of pleasure，is it? Life doesn't always give us a hand and doing our best doesn't always bring good results.
Failure Failure is necessary to life，almost as necessary as the __3__ we breathe.Failure is part of trying.The only thing that we need to think about is __4__ to deal with it.In fact，failure can be a great teacher that leads(引导)us to success.
Loneliness It's __5__ for us to be with our family and friends for ever.Sometimes we have to be alone.Don't be afraid when we feel lonely.Treasure(珍惜)the friendship，kindness and love we own now.
Suffering Growing up is not easy and pain is part of our lives.Almost __6__ gets hurt.Take a deep breath and give life a big smile when we suffer pain.
Personal Responsibility(责任) We each have a choice to be either a __7__ or a loser.We should have responsibility for the choices we make.What we will have in the future depends on what we do __8__.
Self-confidence We should believe we can do something well.Nothing in the world is difficult for the man who __9__ himself.
Life is like a long journey.__10__ with a positive attitude and look at the bright side of things.There will always be sunshine and flowers in our eyes.
(C)1.A.cheer up B．fall off C．focus on
(A)2.A.full B．filling C．fill
(B)3.A.water B．air C．food
(C)4.A.what B．that C．how
(B)5.A.possible B．impossible C．impolite
(C)6.A.someone B．no one C．everyone
(B)7.A.driver B．winner C．farmer
(A)8.A.today B．yesterday C．past
(A)9.A.is confident of B．is angry with
C．is similar to
(C)10.A.To travel B．Traveling C．Travel
C(2015，呼和浩特)
For most children，the most useful way of spending their time is playing a game.It doesn't matter __1__ the game is.Things become better when they need a(n) __2__ to play with.On the one hand，it is quite __3__ for the development of a child's personality(个性)to win and to __4__ the best ways to get that.On the other hand，if a child only cares about __5__ ，then for him，playing a game is funny only when he wins.Or if he finds a better partner，he will get __6__ and he doesn't want to go on playing.
It's parents' __7__ to make their children know that：you can't always win and there are many unpleasant moments __8__ when you have to learn how to lose.The idea is to compete，to prove you are good，not only to win.
In a word，playing a game is not funny only when you win.It is funny __9__ you enjoy it and try your best to win.If you are just a little bit unlucky，don't __10__ a lot.You will surely prove your abilities some other day.
(C)1.A.how B．why C．what D．when
(D)2.A.owner B．worker C．student D．partner
(A)3.A.useful B．simple C．correct D．special
(D)4.A.pay attention to B．take pride in
C．jump out of D．think of
(C)5.A.playing B．studying C．winning D．losing
(A)6.A.unhappy B．lonely
C．relaxed D．excited
(B)7.A.rule B．duty C．plan D．habit
(A)8.A.in life B．in the future
C．in fact D．in the way
(C)9.A.or B．and C．when D．before
(A)10.A.worry B．believe C．wish D．imagine
D(2015，贺州)
One day，when your mother gets older and older，will you dislike her more words and her bad health? Here is a mother's letter to her __1__.Let's read it and see what's moving you.
Dear son，
When I grow old one day，please be __2__ to me and try to understand me.If I get dirty when eating or if I can't __3__ myself，help me.Remember the hours I spent teaching you.If I say some things again and again when I speak to you，please __4__ me.When you were __5__，I had to read you the same story again and again __6__ you went to sleep.When my tired legs do not let me walk，give me your __7__.I did the same when you started walking.When I come near to you，you should be next to me，try to understand me and help me __8__ I did when you were a baby.When I am ill，you should look __9__ me well，just like I took good care of you day and night.Please spend more time __10__ with me when you are free.I'll pay you by a smile and love.
I love you，son!
Your mother，
Mary
(B)1.A.daughter B．son
C．mother D．father
(C)2.A.angry B．serious C．good D．excited
(A)3.A.dress B．wear C．put on D．be in
(B)4.A.listen B．listen to C．hear D．look
(B)5.A.old B．young C．big D．tired
(A)6.A.until B．when C．after D．that
(B)7.A.head B．hand C．leg D．foot
(A)8.A.as B．while C．though D．just
(D)9.A.for B．out C．up D．after
(C)10.A stay B．to stay C．staying D．stayed
E(2015，德阳)
Kindness is not always a straight line.I was traveling in a city of Central America with a friend，and we were looking for __1__．We were standing on a street corner and did not know what the Spanish(西班牙语) word for “post office” was.One __2__ man could see we were in difficulty and came up to us.We tried to __3__ what we were looking for，and he said，“Oh，yes，yes.” He __4__ up down all lthese little streets.It seemed like we walked for miles.__5__，he pointed us to a __6__ without any name on it.But when we __7__，we found it was not a post office.
When we walked out and were again standing around looking lost，a woman soon came up and asked if we __8__ help.Again we tried to explain __9__ we were going.The woman said she __10__ where the post office was.Then we __11__ her to another building which also had no __12__ and we found it was not a post office，either.At this point we decided not to listen to anybody else.
But then another person came up and said，“I can __13__ you.” We said，“No，thank you.”__14__ he didn't listen to us.He actually caught me by the hand and pulled me through the streets.Circling around，we came back to the first __15__ we had been standing on when we began.He pointed across the street，and there was the post office.
(B)1.A.a hospital B．a post office
C．a mall D．a police station
(C)2.A.poor B．brave C．kind D．rich
(A)3.A.explain B．guess C．ask D．find
(D)4.A.called B．begged C．warned D．led
(C)5.A.Suddenly B．Luckily C．Finally D．Secretly
(A)6.A.building B．line C．shop D．street
(B)7.A.went out B．went in C．came in D．came out
(D)8.A.accepted B．refused C．offered D．needed
(A)9.A.where B．when C．how D．why
(B)10.A.forgot B．knew
C．wondered D．dreamed
(C)11.A.guided B．directed C．followed D．ordered
(A)12.A.name B．door C．owner D．window
(B)13.A.understand B．help
C．remember D．drive
(C)14.A.So B．And C．But D．Or
(D)15.A.floor B．circle C．office D．corner
F(2015，黄冈)
When I was a junior high school student in 1980，God gave me a gift，it was happiness.One weekend，I went to visit my grandparents in the countryside.On my way home a car ran over me and cut off my __1__ because of its high speed.
Several days later when I woke up at the hospital，I realized I had to spend the rest of my life __2__ arms.How sad I felt at that time！Even I was full of fears.__3__ slowly I knew I had to face the fact and got over it.I couldn't get my arms back even though I __4__ every day.However，it's easier __5__ than done.It took me nearly half a year to get out of the sadness __6__.I got so much from my past story.From then on，I could treat my life with a __7__ mind.But in our daily life，I often see my classmates __8__ about little things：They get a bad grade on a test；their bus comes __9__ ；they don't have a mobile phone but __10__ have，and so on.But I only __11__ life.I was lucky to realize from an accident ：It is a waste of our life to focus on what you have __12__.We should always think of what we have.So why are so many people unhappy? Someone may say，“My whole life would improve __13__ I have a new car.”But when you get the car and what __14__ ? For a whole week you are walking on air.Then you go right back to being unhappy.
Happiness depends on what we have！It's in our heart.It's a state of mind，even though you own the whole world，you may still feel __15__.Happiness comes from mastering the art of appreciating(感 激)and taking pleasure in what you really have.
(C)1.A.feet B．legs C．arms D．ears
(B)2.A.with B．without C．for D．on
(B)3.A.Or B．But C．So D．Once
(A)4.A.cried B．laughed C．sat D．stood
(D)5.A.dreamed B．acted
C．called D．said
(C)6.A.strongly B．especially
C．completely D．similarly
(B)7.A.crazy B．normal C．full D．special
(D)8.A.get excited B．get nervous
C．get serious D．get worried
(D)9.A.early B．first C．fast D．late
(D)10.A.the other B．one another
C．other D．others
(C)11.A.hate B．dislike C．enjoy D．save
(A)12.A.lost B．had C．found D．spent
(C)13.A.because B．as C．if D．whether
(A)14.A.happens B．takes place
C．used D．uses
(D)15.A.funny B．happy C．excited D．unhappy
G(2015，连云港)
Once there was a little girl living in a small，poor house on a hill.As she grew up，she began to play in her small__1__．She was able to see over the garden and across the valley a wonderful house high on the hill—and that house had__2__windows.
Although she loved her family，she__3__about how wonderful and exciting it must be to live in that golden house all day.
Then she__4__the age when she could play outside of her garden fence(篱笆)．She asked her mother__5__she could go for a bike ride outside the gate.Her mother thought for a while and__6__allowed her to go.The little girl rode her bike__7__she got to the gate of the golden house.
As she leaned(倚靠) her bike__8__the gatepost，she focused on the path that__9__to the house and then on the house__10__…and was so__11__．All the windows were plain(普通的) and rather dirty.
She was so sad that she didn't go any further.Heartbroken，she rode her bike back.As she__12__，she saw a sight that amazed her.There__13__the valley on the other side was a little house.Its windows glistened(闪耀) golden，as the__14__shone on her little home.
She__15__that she had been living in her golden house all along.Everything she dreamed of was right there in front of her eyes and in her daily life!
(B)1.A.hill B．garden C．house D．room
(C)2.A.broken B．wooden C．golden D．modern
(B)3.A.wanted B．dreamed C．hoped D．wished
(A)4.A.reached B．arrived C．touched D．grew
(D)5.A.that B．even if C．as if D．if
(D)6.A.firstly B．friendly C．fully D．finally
(B)7.A.useless B．until C．since D．though
(A)8.A.against B．away C．off D．next
(D)9.A.showed B．arrived C．took D．led
(B)10.A.oneself B．itself C．herself D．himself
(C)11.A.satisfied B．pleased
C．disappointed D．excited
(C)12.A.looked in B．looked up
C．looked at D．looked down
(C)13.A.through B．toward
C．across D．around
(C)14.A.stars B．planets C．sun D．moon
(D)15.A.required B．replied
C．regretted D．realized
训练三 说明文
A(2015，梅州)
The weather is closely related(联系)to our life.It is all around us all the time.It is an important part of our lives.We cannot control it，but it often controls how and __1__ we live，what we do，what we wear and what we eat.Read this passage and learn __2__ about the weather.
What is the weather?
The weather is just the state of the atmosphere __3__ any time，such as temperature，wind，__4__.
What makes the weather change?
As we know，not every place on the earth gets the same amount of sunlight.Some places get __5__ ，so it's warmer in those places.However，some places get little __6__ no sunlight in winter.Then those places have colder temperatures.These differences in temperature make the air and water __7__ around the earth.The movement helps to take the heat energy from the sun across the earth.So the __8__ changes.
What's the difference between weather and climate?
Climate is a place's weather over a long time.The weather changes from day to day and __9__ from hour to hour.It can be sunny in the morning and cold and wet in the afternoon.But the climate changes very __10__ over lots of years.
(A)1.A.where B．which C．what D．when
(C)2.A.anything B．nothing
C．something D．everything
(D)3.A.in B．for C．on D．at
(B)4.A.water B．rain C．plant D．animal
(B)5.A.much B．more C．little D．less
(C)6.A.and B．so C．or D．but
(A)7.A.move B．moves C．moved D．moving
(C)8.A.sun B．earth C．weather D．sunlight
(D)9.A.already B．almost C．ever D．even
(B)10.A.differently B．slowly
C．carefully D．easily
B(2015，陕西)
I was once a fat girl.I weighed 336 pounds and looked as big as my fridge.I was never __1__ it.But one day I had a medical examination(体检)．The __2__ told me that I was having heart trouble.It __3__ me up.I began to feel nervous.Then I decided to do something!
In a year and five months，I __4__ 104 pounds.What a great thing I did！I didn't have any expensive food，medical treatment(治疗)or camp-style(训练营式的)exercise.What was the secret to my __5__ ?
First I looked through the Internet for do-it-yourself __6__ that people could follow on losing weight.Of course I saw countless ads which try to get me to buy their products.But I bought nothing.The only thing I did was to change my bad __7__.The following are what I have done.You can try these.Stop drinking something with too much sugar in it. __8__ sweet cakes.Eat green vegetables.Use only vegetable oil.Never eat after 6：30 pm.Also，do light exercise for 15 to 20 minutes five days a week.
Then I kept doing what I should do.People sometimes say，“You don't need to tell me __9__ to do.I know it already！” But the fact is that knowing what to do and doing what you know are totally __10__.The important thing is to know what to do and then just keep doing it.
(B)1.A.excited about B．worried about
C．proud of D．happy with
(A)2.A.doctor B．friend C．mother D．teacher
(D)3.A.gave B．cheered C．dressed D．woke
(C)4.A.borrowed B．lent
C．lost D．got
(B)5.A.happiness B．success
C．kindness D．richness
(A)6.A.advice B．news C．food D．medicine
(D)7.A.grades B．look C．wish D．habits
(C)8.A.Accept B．Bring C．Refuse D．Make
(B)9.A.how B．what C．why D．whether
(D)10.A.easy B．difficult C．similar D．different
C(2015，潍坊)
Home alone is a very funny 1990 American film.It tells a story about a boy who is accidentally left alone at home.
One night __1__ Christmas，the McAlister family meet at their home.They're planning to __2__ to Paris for the coming holiday and are busy getting ready.8-year-old Kevin is the youngest child and is fighting with his brothers，sisters and his cousins.When he goes to bed，he is so mad that he wishes all his family would __3__.In the morning，everyone wakes up very __4__.They are all in a hurry to get to the airport，so they forget Kevin and he is left alone at home by accident.
Although Kevin is alone，he is very happy at first.His terrible family has gone—his __5__ has come true.He watches TV，eats lots of fast food and plays games.He has a good time.But later on，he goes out and hears two __6__ men called Harry and Marv planning to steal from his house.He goes home and plans some very funny ways to __7__ them.Many things in the house get broken as Kevin tries to stop them.Finally，the __8__ come and the men are taken away.The house is now a mess，__9__ Kevin tidies it up and waits for his parents.They get back from Paris and are very happy to find that Kevin is __10__.
(A)1.A.before B．after C．on D．from
(C)2.A.ride B．drive C．fly D．walk
(D)3.A.run in B．come out
C．fall down D．go away
(B)4.A.early B．late C．quickly D．easily
(A)5.A.wish B．plan C．promise D．order
(C)6.A.brave B．nice C．bad D．honest
(B)7.A.kill B．catch C．please D．replace
(A)8.A.police B．family C．army D．class
(C)9.A.or B．but C．so D．as
(D)10.A.active B．quiet C．free D．safe
D(2015，昆明)
Ebola(埃博拉)is a river in Africa.In 1976，a __1__ virus(病毒)was found there.The virus can cause people to get very sick and even __2__.So people call the virus Ebola.
Last year Ebola caused the worst problem in western Africa，and __3__ spread very quickly.Medical experts all over the world did their best to stop Ebola and to treat the people who were sick.
Ebola __4__ starts with fever and headache，kind of like the flu.But it can get worse and cause serious bleeding and __5__ problems.It's very important for infected(受感染的)people to get treatment right away.People who have Ebola need to be cared for in a special way __6__ the illness doesn't spread to doctors，nurses or others in their families.
Doctors aren't sure how the __7__ person got Ebola，but they think people picked up the virus from infected animals.People can get the virus by touching an infected person's drops of __8__.But Ebola doesn't spread through food or water like some viruses __9__.It also doesn't travel through the air like cold or flu viruses do.In areas where the Ebola virus is，anyone who doesn't feel __10__ should get medical help immediately.
(B)1.A.danger B．dangerous C．endangered
(A)2.A.die B．break C．tie
(A)3.A.it B．he C．we
(B)4.A.hardly B．often C．never
(C)5.A.breathed B．breathe C．breathing
(A)6.A.so that B．so as to C．such as
(C)7.A.one B．once C．first
(B)8.A.juice B．blood C．water
(C)9.A.did B．does C．do
(B)10.A.bad B．well C．tired
E(2015，本溪)
Plants are very important living things.__1__ there are no plants，life can't go on.This is because plants can __2__ food from air，water and sunlight.But animals and man __3__ do that.Animals get their food __4__ eating plants and other animals.We grow so __5__ plants around us because animals and man need them in order to live.
If you look carefully at the plants around you，you will find there are two __6__ of plants：flowering plants and non-flowering plants.Flowering plants can make seeds (种子)．The seeds are __7__ by the fruits.Some fruits have one seed，some have two，three or four，and some have many seeds.But a few fruits have no seeds __8__．The banana fruit is an __9__ of them.
Most non-flowering plants don't grow from seeds.They grow from spores (孢子) which are very，very small.Some spores are so small and __10__ that they can fly in the air.We may say that spores are quite the same as the seeds.When these spores fall on wet and shady (阴暗的) places，they usually grow into new plants.
(B)1.A.Though B．If C．Until D．Unless
(C)2.A.spread B．cook C．make D．eat
(B)3.A.can B．can't
C．should D．shouldn't
(D)4.A.in B．with C．of D．by
(A)5.A.many B．much C．few D．little
(D)6.A.pieces B．pairs C．couples D．kinds
(A)7.A.protected B．saved
C．treated D．tasted
(B)8.A.in total B．at all
C．after all D．at least
(C)9.A.instruction B．invention
C．example D．excuse
(A)10.A.light B．heavy C．thick D．high
F(2015，攀枝花)
Recently a Chinese TV program hit millions of Chinese teenagers.This program is __1__ The Voice of China.It is a reality talent show on the Zhejiang Television.Most of the teenagers fall in love __2__ this show.They sit in front of the screen for a long time to enjoy the show.As we know，watching TV is not good for teenagers.First，teenagers are __3__ from adults.It is true that teenagers like relaxing by watching TV.__4__，the dangerous things to teenagers is that they just can't take their eyes __5__ the screen.They will __6__ watching TV for hours and hours.It is very bad for their eyes.Second，many teenagers have the habit of watching too much TV.Then they will have __7__ time for sports.Third，some TV programs are not suitable for teenagers.Some even __8__ them to crimes(犯罪)．Finally，too much TV will make teenagers __9__ in reading.They will lose their __10__ in reading.
(B)1.A.calling B．called C．naming D．to name
(A)2.A.with B．for C．to D．about
(C)3.A.difficultly B．difficult C．different D．differently
(C)4.A.Besides B．But C．However D．And
(D)5.A.out B．away C．up D．off
(C)6.A.go out B．go down C．go on D．go over
(A)7.A.little B．a little C．few D．a few
(D)8.A.let B．make C．have D．lead
(B)9.A.weakly B．weak C．well D．good
(A)10.A.interest B．habit C．heart D．way
G(2015，营口)
Some students cheat(作弊) because they're busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without __1__ the time studying.Other students might feel that they can't __2__ the test without cheating.Even __3__ there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating，it isn't a good idea.
A student who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test __4__ to talk with the teacher and his or her parents，so they can find some better ways together.Talking about these problems and __5__ them out will help feel better than cheating.
If a student is __6__ cheating，the teacher may give a “__7__” on the test，send him or her to the head __8__ office，and call his or her parents.Worse than the __9__ grade may be the feeling of having disappointed those people，__10__ parents and teachers.A parent may worry that you are not a(n) __11__ person and a teacher might watch you more __12__ the next time you're taking a test.
There are plenty of reasons why a kid shouldn't cheat，but some students have already cheated.If that's you，it's __13__ too late to stop cheating.Cheating can become a __14__，but a student is always able to act __15__ and make better decisions.It might help to talk the problem over with a parent，teacher or friend.
(B)1.A.taking B．spending C．costing D．using
(C)2.A.fail B．exercise C．pass D．expect
(B)3.A.while B．when C．because D．until
(D)4.A.decides B．hopes C．refuses D．needs
(D)5.A.breaking B．dreaming C．missing D．working
(A)6.A.caught B．offered C．appeared D．suggested
(C)7.A.prize B．result C．zero D．treat
(C)8.A.office B．teachers C．teacher's D．teachers'
(D)9.A.natural B．dangerous
C．worried D．bad
(C)10.A.except B．besides C．like D．among
(D)11.A.common B．calm C．polite D．honest
(A)12.A.closely B．bravely C．certainly D．hardly
(B)13.A.always B．never C．once D．often
(C)14.A.menu B．medicine C．habit D．match
(D)15.A.well B．good C．best D．better
