外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit5 Revealing Nature Developing ideas P56-59 课件(共42张PPT，内镶嵌音频)

(共42张PPT)
新外研版选择性必修Book 1
Developing ideas P56-59
Unit 5 Revealing nature
To know the ways that plants communicate
To understand the structure and details of the text
To give a talk about communication between living things
To write an observational journal
Learning objectives
What do you know about plants
Let's step into the private life of plants.
Pre-reading
Look and tick what plants can do.
attack
breathe
eat
sleep
move
speak
steal
think
√
√
√
√
√
List what else you think plants can do.
While-reading
Read the passage and find out the ways in
which plants communicate.
They may communicate with each other by using chemicals, sound and “wood wide web”.
1 Talking plants have long been a thing of myths and legends. Many cultures have stories of
talking trees that give advice as well as warnings to people. Alexander the Great and Marco
Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. And in some modern stories, such as the film
Avatar, trees can communicate with animals and people.
会说话的植物一直是神话传说中的一大元素。在许多种文化中流传下来的故事里，会说话的树给予人们忠告和警示。据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过一棵会说话的树。在一些现代故事，例如电影《阿凡达》中，树可以与人类和动物沟通交流。
Main idea: Talking plants have long been a thing of myths and legends.
The first paragraph is used to introduce the main topic of the passage.
Read each paragraph of this passage and work out the main idea.
2 With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something
amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all.
我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻想之中，但新研究有了令人惊奇的发现：植物间
似乎确实可以交流。
Main idea: New research has revealed that plants can communicate.
The second paragraph is used to clearly illustrate the thesis statement.
3 It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.
This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets attacked by insects. The plant releases tiny
amounts of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for
help: “I”m being attacked!” When another bean plant detects the chemicals from its injured
neighbour, it starts to release its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects
away. Others attract insects—the wasps! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the bean
plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to
grow crops without pesticides.
人们早就知道植物可以利用化学物质相互交流。当一株植物—比如豆科植物—被昆虫袭
击时，就会发生这种情况。植物从正遭受啃食的叶子中释放出微量的化学物质，这像是
警示，抑或求救：“我被攻击了!” 当另一株豆类植物检测到附近受伤同伴释放的化学物
质时，它自身便开始释放不同的化学物质，其中一些能驱赶昆虫，而另一些则会吸引另
一种昆虫—黄蜂！黄蜂会杀死那些啃食豆类植物的昆虫。科学家希望能进一步了解这种
植物警报系统，从而将其应用于种植不用使用农药的农作物。
Main idea: It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.
Point 1
Using chemicals
Main idea: Plants also use sound to communicate.
4 More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can’t hear
these sounds, but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their
roots. Corn and chilli plants do this. They also “listen” to the noises from
other plants. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or
unfriendly. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water,
indicating drought is arriving.
更不可思议的是，植物还能用声音进行交流。虽然人类听不到，但植物确实正在发出声音。有些植物通过根部发出声响，比如玉米和辣椒。它们还能“听见”其他植物发出的声响。由此，辣椒可以知道自己附近的植物是敌是友。还有些树木在缺水时会发出咔嗒声，以示干旱就要来了。
Point 2
Using sounds
Main idea: Plants have a communication system called “wood wide web” in a forest.
5 Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every
plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”. It is in some ways similar to the
Internet we use. While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites,
the wood wide web is linked underground by fungi. This fungal network links the roots of different
plants to each other. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each
other. For example, some pine trees can send food to smaller pine trees to help them grow. But just like
our own Internet, the wood wide web has its own version of “cybercrime”. Plants can steal food from
each other, or spread poisons to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a
“firewall” to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.
然而最令人惊奇的是，植物拥有一套神奇的信息交流系统，几乎可以连接起森林中所有的植物。科学家们称之为“植物万维网”。在某种程度上，它很像人类使用的互联网。互联网是通过电缆和卫星连接的全球计算机网络，而植物万维网则是在地下通过真菌连接而成的。这个真菌网络将不同植物的根彼此连接。通过“植物万维网”，植物可以互相分享信息甚至是食物。比如，某些松树会通过真菌网络向松树幼苗输送养分，帮助它们生长。但是，像互联网一样，植物万维网也会发生“网络犯罪”。植物会偷取同伴的养分，或散播有毒物质攻击其他植物。也许未来某一天，科学家会研究出建造“防火墙”的方法来阻止植物万维网中的这些攻击。
Point 3
Using complicated communication system
Main idea: Scientists are learning more about the secret language of plants.
6 Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.
Who knows Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to
“talk” with them ourselves.
科学家们每天都在增进对植物间相互沟通的秘密方式的了解。谁知道呢？说不定哪一天，我们就能足够了解植物沟通的知识，从而亲自和植物“聊天”了。
The last paragraph is used as a conclusion and a restatement.
Skim the passage and choose.
What’s the genre of the passage
Exposition
Argumentation
Narration
The Secret
Language of Plants
① ____________
② ____________
③ ____________
Paragraph1-2
Paragraph 3-5
Paragraph 6
Read and locate:
Modern research is showing that plants can_______________.
Using chemicals
* The plant releases
chemicals ____________________
that are being eaten.
* When another plants detects the chemicals, it starts to _____________
____________________
Maybe one day we will be able to “talk”with plants.
communicate
from the leaves
release its own chemicals
Using sound
* Some plants make noise _____________________
* A chilli plant can
__________________
* Some trees make
_____________
with their roots
tell if a neighbouring palnt is helpful or unfriendly
clicking noise to indicate drought’s coming
Using the wood wide web
* This fungal network links
_____________________
_____________________
* Plants can ______________
with each other
* Plants can ______________
to attack other plants
the roots of different
plants
share information
spread poisons
Think & Share
1 What figure of speech is being used when the plants are described as
calling for help What is its function
2 What does “wood wide web” mean
“wood wide web” refers to an amazing system of
communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. It is
linked underground by fungi and this fungal network links the
roots of different plants to each other. Using the wood wide web,
plants can share information and even food with each other.
After-reading
Personification. It can make descriptions more vivid.
3 What do you think are the benefits of studying plant communication
It will help us know more about the world of plants and then get a better understanding of the secret of nature and encourage us to explore more about the mysterious nature. What’s more, it will teach us an important lesson, that is, human should live in harmony with mother nature. And it is our responsibility to fulfill the mission.
4 What discoveries are described in the two reading passages in this unit
reveal and what do they have in common
Passage 1 reveals the secret of evolution and Passage 2 reveals the secret of communication between plants. They all reflect that there are numerous secrets in nature that are waiting to be explored.
Group work: give a talk about communication between living things.
1 Read the passage again and talk about how plants communicate.
Bees “dance” to signal to other bees that they have found food.
Ants communicate with each other through touch, chemical signals,
moving their bodies and even using their legs to make sounds.
2 Think and discuss the ways of communication in the
animal world. What other ways can you think of
3 Organise your ideas following the steps below.
4 Give a talk to the class about communication
between living things.
Begin with what living things you have chosen to talk about.
Explain how they communicate and give examples.
Conclude by explaining what we have learnt from their behaviour.
新外研版选择性必修Book 1
Language points P56-57
Unit 5 Revealing nature
课文回顾：
Talking plants have long been a thing of myths and legends. Many cultures have stories of talking trees
that give advice as well as warnings to people. Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have
visited such a tree in India. And in some modern stories, such as the film Avatar, trees can communicate with animals and people.
talking plants, 会说话的树，talking 为现在分词作定语，可以替换成一个定语从句，plants that talk
that引导的定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作主语，不可以省略，关系词也可以用which
sb be said to have done 据说某人曾经做过某事
With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing: it
appears that plants can communicate after all.
分词作定语，修饰不定代词
something，要后置
with+名词/代词+doing, 现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动
with复合结构在句中作状语，说明状态或背景
It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other.
This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets attacked by insects. The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “I”m being attacked!”
When another bean plant detects the chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, different
chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract insects—the wasps! The wasps kill the
insects that are eating the bean plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we
can use it to grow crops without pesticides.
that引导主语从句，It为形式主语，这样为了避免头部过大。请思考：如何用定语从句改写这个句子？
say，此处表示“比如”之意
that引导的定语从句，关系词that也可以用which, 关系词在定语从句中作主语，不可以省略
injured，动词的过去分词作定语，和所修饰的名词表示被动关系
warning，-ing form做定语，表示功能，用途
that引导的定语从句，关系词that也可以用which, 关系词在定语从句中作主语，不可以省略
Some...Others/Other...，有些...,有些...。
描述很多种情况中的两种
More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can't hear these sounds, but plants are making them.
Some plants make noises with their roots. Corn and chilli plants do this. They also “listen” to the noises from other
plants. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or unfriendly. Some trees make clicking noises when
there is not enough water, indicating drought is arriving.
现在分词作状语，表示方式
1. On the last day of our week long stay, we were invited to attend a private
concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ___________
(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
2. Many Chinese brands,__________________( develop) their reputations over
centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
3. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________( reflect )
man’s intelligence and creativity.
4. __________(spend) much time at a desk, office workers are generally
troubled by health problems.
listening
having developed
reflecting
Spending
Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in
a forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”. It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use.
While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites, the wood wide web is linked underground by fungi. This fungal network links the roots of different plants to each other. Using the
wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. For example, some pine trees can send food to smaller pine trees to help them grow. But just like our own Internet, the wood wide web has its own version of “cybercrime”. Plants can steal food from each other, or spread poisons to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a “firewall” to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.
其中最令人吃惊的是...
amazing，现在分词变成形容词，表示“令人...的”
in some way在某种程度上
similar to...与...相似
菌类fungus单数，fungi 复数，fungal形容词
personification is used here to make the description more vivid.
myth
1
an ancient story, especially one invented in order to explain natural or historical events
legend
wasp
root
chilli
Read and match
the part of a plant that grows under the ground and gets water from the soil
a red or green vegetable with a hot taste, usually thin and pointed in shape
a black and yellow flying insect that can sting you
an old story about famous people and events in the past
Read and complete the sentences with the new words above in the right forms.
Olive trees have deep ____.
My foot swelled up to three times the normal size when it was stung by a ____.
Cut the ______ open and remove the seeds.
There is a famous Greek _____ in which Icarus flew too near to the Sun.
According to ______, Robin Hood lies buried.
legend
roots
wasp
myth
chillies
pesticide
2
connected with or caused by a fungus
cybercrime
fungus
fugal
Read and match
a simple type of plant that has no leaves or flowers and that grows on plants or other surfaces
a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroy crops
criminal activity that involves the use of computers or the Internet
Read and complete the sentences with the new words above in the right forms.
_______ can be poisonous.
Even though _________ is perhaps the fastest-growing industry of the new economy, most businesses are not taking adequate precautions.
This is a ______ inflection of the brain.
The _________ that farmers spray on their crops kill pests but they can also damage people’s health.
fungal
pesticides
Fungus
cybercrime
Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India.
3
句意：据说亚历山大大帝和马可.波罗曾在印度见过一棵会说话的树。
sb. be said to do
= It’s said that sb... 据说某人做了某事
Darwin is said to be the writer of the book On the Origin of Species.
It’s said that Darwin is the writer of the book On the Origin of Species.
据说Darwin是《物种起源》一书的作者。
With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing...
4
句意：我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻想之中，但新研究有了令人惊奇的发现……
With Tim guiding us, we had no difficulty in finding the destination.
With the problem settled, he felt relieved.
With a lot of work to do, he felt anxious.
“with的复合结构”即“with+名词/代词+非谓语动词”，在句中作状语。
When another bean plant detects the chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, different chemicals .
5
句意：当另一株豆类植物察觉到附近受伤同伴释放的化学物质时，它自身便开始释放不同的化学物质。
detect v. 发现，察觉
detectable adj. 可检测的；可发觉的
detection n. 侦查、探测；察觉
detector n. 发现者; 探测器; 侦察器
【词形变化】
I detected a change in her attitude.
The boy was detected stealing apples from the orchard.
There has been no detectable change in the patient’s condition.
Early detection of the cancer improves the chances of successful treatment.
This detector is a very delicate instrument; it’ll go wrong if it’s mishandled.
【例句欣赏】
Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest.
6
句意：然而最令人惊奇的是，植物拥有一套神奇的信息交流系统，几乎可以连接起森林中所有的植物。
① The video cameras are linked to a powerful computer.
② The bands have linked up for a charity concert.
link A to/with B 把A与B连接起来
link up 衔接，连接，接通
新外研版选择性必修Book 1
Writing P59
Unit 5 Revealing nature
Have you ever had an experience of planting a plant
Which plant did you plant Share your experience.
Read the observational journal.
Answer the questions:
How were the daffodil bulbs planted
In what environment did the leaves grow
What do the flowers look like
They were planted side by side in soil with the
pointed ends facing up.
The leaves grew in a sunny, but cool place.
The flowers are yellow and white, and shaped like trumpets.
Work in pairs.
① Look at the pictures and talk about how the
sunflower grows.
② Write your observational journal about
the sunflower.
③ Make improvements to each other's
observational journals.
④ Share them with the class.
An observational journal about the sunflower
1 June
Germination: Covered with 1/2 cm of moist soil, the sunflower seed takes five to 12
days to come up after being planted. Water has been added regularly and the hard
seed coat softens in the damp soil to allow the first root to pierce downwards and the
first leaves to push to the soil surface.
6 July
Growth: The root continues to grow downward. The single stem grows hollow and
smooth, revealing large spade-shaped leaves from the growing tip. Gradually, the
plant‘s growing tip reveals the first hints of development of the flower bud. The plant
stem becomes more woody.
26 July
Flowering: About three weeks after the flower bud first becomes visible at the tip of
the sunflower stem, it enlarges and begins to reveal a flattened disk. Over the course
of one week, the yellow ray florets, the disk florets bloom across the core of the
sunflower blossom. It is yellow, looking beautiful.
【范文】
Thank you!