重庆市七校联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末考试英语试题（音频暂未更新）

重庆市七校联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末考试英语试题（音频暂未更新）
一、第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）What did the woman buy for her mother
A．Earrings. B．A necklace. C．A coat.
2．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）What does the woman say about the man
A．He is foolish.
B．He has no hope of promotion.
C．He didn t say goodbye at the party.
3．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）What was the woman probably trying to do
A．Play a tape recorder.
B．Repair a typewriter.
C．Take a picture.
4．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）What is the weather like now
A．Wet and rainy. B．Foggy and windy. C．Sunny and warm.
5．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）What does the woman mean
A．The new computer is cool.
B．Her computer broke down.
C．She needs a bigger computer.
二、第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）听材料，回答问题。
6．What surprised the woman
A．The man did well in the interview.
B．The man will know the result very soon.
C．They won't make a decision until next Friday.
7．How does the man sound
A．Disappointed. B．Uncertain. C．Confident.
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）听材料，回答问题。
8．What is the man doing
A．Giving directions.
B．Offering an invitation.
C．Asking for information.
9．Where is the registrar s office
A．Opposite the library.
B．In the classroom building.
C．In the red brick building.
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）听材料，回答问题。
10．What is the man
A．He is a teacher. B．He is a student. C．He is a doctor.
11．When does the man want to volunteer
A．In the mornings. B．In the afternoons. C．In the evenings.
12．What does the man think of volunteering
A．It can help him get a good job.
B．It can help him do better at school.
C．It can help him develop his social skills.
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）听材料，回答问题。
13．What are the speakers talking about
A．A plan for the room decoration.
B．A plan for a family get-together.
C．A plan for a surprise party.
14．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Father and daughter.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Mother and son.
15．What will the man do-on August 22nd
A．Go out for dinner.
B．See a movie.
C．Meet his friends.
16．How will the woman prepare food
A．By conking it herself.
B．By having her friends do it.
C．By ordering it from a restaurant.
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）听材料，回答问题。
17．For what do some animals eat only one type of food
A．Lack of choice. B．Health issues. C．Their nature.
18．Why does the speaker mention the panda and a kind of white butterfly
A．To amuse the listeners.
B．To introduce what some animals eat.
C．To prove that some animals eat only one type of food.
19．What do bears eat
A．Fish and fruit. B．Vegetables and fruit. C．Fish and birds.
20．What does the speaker think of French food
A．Delicious. B．Unhealthy. C．Popular.
三、第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）阅读理解
ThebestfestivalsinAugust
Edinburgh Festival
Fringe
The Edinburgh
Festival Fringe is the largest arts festival in the world. In 2018, the
festival lasted 25 days, including 55, 000 performances of 3, 548 shows in 317
places. The festival started in 1947. For around three weeks in August, the
city of Edinburgh welcomes a large number of artists and performers around the
globe. Anyone can join in with the performance of their choice.
Wilderness
Festival
Wilderness
Festival takes place in one of the oldest woods in England. Taking place four
days in nature, people will experience music, comedy, theatre, and dance from
Sadler's Wells. All the campsites(野营地) are made to
order for different needs, including family camping.
Notting Hill
Carnival
Notting Hill
Carnival takes place on the streets of Notting Hill in London, England in each
August lasting over two days. Attracting around one million people each year,
it's one of the biggest street festivals in the world. Happening since 1966,
Notting Hill Carnival is an essential cultural experience in London.
La Tomatina
Each year, the
Valencian town of Bunol gets changed into a red mess as locals and tourists
take to the streets and throw tomatoes at each other, all for fun. This tomato
festival has been happening since 1945 and is held on the last Wednesday of
August each year.
21．Which festival lasts the longest
A．Wilderness Festival. B．Notting Hill Carnival.
C．La Tomatina. D．Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
22．What can people do during the Wilderness Festival
A．Buy handmade tents. B．Dance with famous stars.
C．Experience wilderness adventures. D．Choose specially offered campsites.
23．What is special about La Tomatina
A．It is held for tourists. B．It is a food fight festival.
C．It takes place on the streets. D．It limits the color of clothes.
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）阅读理解
Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February There's a link between cold air and the night lights. "Part of it is that it tends to be drier in the winter," said Diane Tumshek, an astronomer at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Even though it's invisible, moisture (湿度) can change the way light moves through the air. And in the summer, moisture can make stars appear more dull.
Air temperature is also what puts the twinkle twinkle in the little stars. "Even on very clear nights, some of the atmosphere is cooler, and some of the atmosphere is warmer," said Tumshek, who also works with the Allegheny Observatory. And when the light from a star passes through those bubbles of varying temperatures, "it bends and shifts the light, so that we are seeing stars appear to dance or twinkle," she said.
For star lovers in the United States, there's another factor that comes into play for bright winter stars, although this is a matter of coincidence (巧合). During Earth's journey around the sun, "there are just simply more bright stars visible from the Northern Hemisphere in the winter sky," Tumshek said. If you really want to see a shiny star, just try to find a burning ball of gas called Sirius near the horizon (地平线). At
8.6 light-years away, Sirius is relatively close to Earth and the brightest star visible in the night sky. It is also large—nearly twice as big as our sun and 20 times as bright. So this winter, when the world turns cold and it seems like we should be spending more time indoors, consider asking an adult to go exploring outside. With a warm coat and a clear sky, any night can be turned into a treasure hunt. All you have to do is look up.
24．What does the underlined word "dull" in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Not exciting. B．Not shiny.
C．Not serious. D．Not smart.
25．How does air temperature influence the brightness of stars
A．By making the stars dance and twinkle in the sky.
B．By putting the twinkle twinkle in them.
C．By varying the direction of the light from them.
D．By changing the bubbles around them.
26．What do we know about Sirius
A．It is 20 times as bright as the sun.
B．It can be found at any night.
C．It is a burning and shiny ball.
D．It is closer to Earth than other stars.
27．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To suggest stargazing in winter.
B．To call on people to focus on stars.
C．To present new research results about stars.
D．To explain why stars are more visible in winter.
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）阅读理解
Rejection (拒绝) is a universal experience, but the pain of it can feel so individual. No matter how many times you have experienced it, being told you didn't get the job or that a date doesn't want to see you again is always hurtful.
Historically, the pain that comes with rejection has been a useful tool. For our ancestors, being kept away from a group would have been a death sentence, since it was difficult to survive alone. Thus, the brain likely developed an alarming system to warn us when we were at risk of being rejected. Those who experienced rejection as more painful gained an advantage since they were more likely to adjust their behavior to remain in the group.
Being rejected has far smaller consequences now than it did thousands of years ago. Still, we read it as a threat to our health. The reason why it hurts is the same reason why we experience pain when we step on a sharp object. Research which compared brain activity of people who had experienced rejection with that of people who had experienced physical pain showed that many of the same regions of the brain lit up. The pain is a warning that something is damaging our health.
Concern with rejection is perfectly normal, but being overly worried can affect the quality of our life. If you take rejection personally, your self-worth will suffer; but if you blame it on the general injustice of the world, it will make you angry and bitter. Therefore, it is necessary to do a realistic analysis on what the problem is. If someone doesn't call you back, don't jump to the conclusion that they don't want to talk to you. They might be sick or busy.
Rejection is a normal part of everyone's life. Instead of seeing the shame that comes with rejection as a negative emotion, see it as a sign that your brain is working exactly how it should be.
28．How did the pain of rejection help our ancestors survive
A．By increasing the safety of living alone.
B．By showing the consequence of teamwork.
C．By reminding them to change their behavior.
D．By warning them to keep away from danger.
29．What does the research suggest about rejection and physical pain
A．They are both a cause of brain damage.
B．They are both a warning to our survival.
C．They recall the same suffering in the past.
D．They produce the same response in our brain.
30．What does the author advise us to do about rejection
A．Analyze it reasonably. B．Doubt it bravely.
C．Ignore it immediately. D．Take it personally.
31．What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．Rejection: Whose Fault Is It
B．Rejection: A Shame or Not
C．How Can We Avoid Rejection
D．Why Does Rejection Hurt So Much
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）阅读理解
After Stewart and Debbie Wilder lost their son, Cameron, in 2013, the last thing on their minds was decorating for the holiday season. "We haven t put anything up in three years. It has all stayed boxed up," said Debbie.
But in December 2016, the house was lit up for Christmas, with little lights cheerfully lining the roof and eaves（屋檐）. It wasn t the Wilders but a stranger Carson Zickgraf, the founder of CZ Enterprises LLC, who finally made the house shine. "I started crying," Debbie says about seeing the lights for the first time. "It was really special."
Zickgraf has been donating his light-stringing services to brighten the lives of families affected by losing their children, especially during the difficult holiday season since 2015 and has decorated the houses of more than two dozen families so far.
He started the project by chance. He was hanging lights on a home when the owner mentioned that some neighbors were having a hard time that holiday season because their son had recently died. Then he had an idea. "I sent my crew there to decorate that house too," he says. The family was delighted. In fact, he had two friends who had died young, and he d always wished he could ease the pain for their loved ones. Now, he s found a way.
" There s something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit." Zickgraf knows his efforts can t completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier. "I wish I had a bigger company so I could do more houses," he says.
32．How was the Wilders affected by the loss of their son
A．They didn t feel like decorating their house for Christmas.
B．They were the last to put up some decorations at Christmas.
C．They had no one to help decorate their house for Christmas.
D．They had the belongings of their son boxed up at Christmas.
33．Why did Zickgraf donate the light-stringing service
A．To make more houses brighter.
B．To expand his own business.
C．To relieve the victim family s pain.
D．To memorize his dead friends.
34．Which of the following words can best describe Zickgraf
A．Enthusiastic and optimistic. B．Courageous and smart.
C．Ambitious and generous. D．Considerate and helpful.
35．Which can be the best title for the text
A．Lights warming the spirit. B．A person brightening houses.
C．Families going through sufferings. D．A business hanging lights.
四、第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Going to outer space is a little like going camping. Food with all the water dried out is lightweight and doesn't spoil (变坏). So, many space foods are dried on Earth and stored in special packets. 　36． 　.
On Earth, gravity is the force that keeps your feet on the ground and your sandwich on your plate. 　37． 　 To keep food from floating (漂浮) away, astronauts on the Space Shuttle attach the packets to a special tray (托盘). The tray can be fixed to a wall or to the astronaut's lap. To prepare their food, astronauts use liquid forms of salt and pepper. The liquid sticks to the food better. Regular salt and pepper would float away, maybe up an astronaut's nose.
　38． 　 So astronauts drink everything from a small bag with a straw (吸管) that can be closed. Astronauts say that most space foods taste pretty good.
Some, such as apples and pudding, are the same as the foods you eat on Earth. Astronauts eat tortillas instead of bread because they make fewer crumbs (碎屑). 　39． 　 Your body uses food in space the same way it does on Earth. Your body must deal with waste in space too.
During take-off and landing, astronauts can't leave their seats to go to the bathroom. They wear diapers (尿布) under their spacesuits instead. The Space Shuttle has a bathroom the size of a small closet. The toilet has bars that keep astronauts from floating away. 　40． 　.
A. Liquids float right out of cups and glasses, though.
B. But there's no gravity in space.
C. In outer space, everything seems to be different.
D. Rubbish from daily life can not be thrown everywhere.
E. Some, such as dried pears, taste good right out of the packet.
F. Floating crumbs could get stuck in equipment or an astronaut's eye.
G. A strong flow of air is used instead of water to flush waste down the toilet.
五、第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
While I was waiting in line at a coffee shop earlier, a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter (踏板车). There was only a 41． space between the line of people and the tables, which she attempted to drive along. She drove over my foot and didn't 42． saying nothing at all.
I got annoyed and expected she would have 43． , but then I just decided to 44． it and got down to selecting which pastry (点心) to go with my coffee. The lady and I ended up sitting at adjacent (邻近的) tables. She was on the end of a row so that she could park her 45． . After about half an hour, when she had 46． her coffee, she got up and back onto her scooter. It wouldn't start. She tried to turn the key several times 47． she telephoned the place she purchased it from.
An engineer 48． within 5 minutes. The place must have been local. I couldn't resist overhearing their conversation, and it turned out she had just 49． the scooter that morning. This was her very first outing in it. She felt really 50． about driving it. Certainly, she wasn't used to its speed, nor its 51． , and this combination made it quite 52． to drive it through narrow gaps.
Suddenly, I felt 53． for the lady. It really didn't 54． me at all that she'd driven over my foot. I had made an assumption, however, that a person doing that should apologize.
Next time you're about to 55． someone, pause for a second and remind yourself that people have judged you without knowing what was going on in your mind or your life.
41．A． private B． vast C． public D． narrow
42．A． call back B． give up C． look back D． cheer up
43．A． ignored B． apologized C． explained D． forgiven
44．A． dismiss B． make C． deserve D． inspect
45．A． coffee B． pastry C． purse D． vehicle
46．A． poured B． finished C． ordered D． purchased
47．A． so B． until C． unless D． before
48．A． broke in B． turned up
C． ran away D． settled down
49．A． collected B． stolen C． fixed D． abandoned
50．A． concerned B． excited C． confident D． nervous
51．A． width B． length C． weight D． height
52．A． cool B． convenient C． stressful D． desperate
53．A． pleasure B． regret C． appreciation D． sympathy
54．A． strike B． bother C． satisfy D． motivate
55．A． judge B． hug C． persuade D． tease
六、第二节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的句子，在白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式填空。
56．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one 　 　(perform).
57．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The 　 　 (roll) ball came to rest at the foot of the hill.
58．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The harvest festival takes place after all the crops have been 　 　(gather) in.
59．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）They consulted the Premier about his new plan for 　 　 (agricultural).
60．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The newly-married couple were satisfied to see the furniture 　 　 (tail) a few days ago.
61．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The school doesn't allow us to leave school without the headteacher's 　 　(permit).
62．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The scientist tries to find something more effective because the available drug is of 　 　(limit) value in treating cancer.
63．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）They got into a heated 　 　(argue) on whether to accept the invitation.
64．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）One should remain calm and think of ways 　 　(escape) when facing danger.
65．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）People who can speak English are in the 　 　 (minor) in this country.
66．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）He was 　 　(reject) by the army because of his poor eyesight.
67．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The coach was extremely strict so that everyone was 　 　(scare) of him.
68．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）Built by Qin Shi Huang as a 　 　(defent) against the enemies for the North, today, the Great Wall is the symbol of China to the rest of the world.
69．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）Confucius believed in the so-called "golden rule" of 　 　(哲学): Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.
70．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）She 　 　(以某种方法) learnt how to play the piano on her own when she was very young.
71．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）Rose felt honored to be chosen to 　 　(代表) her class to take part in the English Speech Contest.
72．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）If something is 　 　(宝贵的) to you, you regard it as important and do not want to lose it.
73．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）People in this 　 　(地区) all praised the government's decision to close the chemical factory.
74．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）He told me the 　 　 (步骤) was simple, but I couldn't make it.
75．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）Honesty is an important 　 　 (要素) of his achieving great success in business.
七、第四部分 书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分）
76．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）假定你是李华。最近你班举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，给校报用英语写一篇文章，客观地介绍讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。
一些同学赞同 一些同学反对 你自己的观点
获得新的知识 耗资巨大 　
从太空取得 新资源 宇航员的 安全问题
扩大人类的 生存空间 　
注意：1)词数100词左右；2)标题与开头已写好，不计入总词数。
提示：astronaut宇航员； resource资源
Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO
We had an argument over whether it was necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Tomorrow is Mother's Day. So what have you bought for mom
W: I had planned to buy a necklace or a pair of earrings, but they're too expensive. So I bought her a coat instead.
【分析】问题：女士给她妈妈买了什么？根据"So I bought her a coat instead."所以我给她买了一件外套。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I guess I made a fool of myself at the office party.
W: Well, I think you can kiss your chance of being promoted goodbye.
【分析】问题：关于男士，女士说了什么？根据"I think you can kiss your chance of being promoted goodbye."我想你可以和升职的机会吻别了。也就是说他没有晋升的希望。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Did you check the power plug and press the play button
W: Yes, the power indicator was on, and it was running, but somehow the sound didn't come through.
【分析】问题：女士可能想做什么？根据"Did you check the power plug and press the play button "你检查电源插头并按下播放按钮了吗？；以及"Yes, the power indicator was on, and it was running, but somehow the sound didn't come through."是的，电源指示灯亮着，它正在运行，但不知怎么的，声音没有传出来。可推知她在试图播放录音，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】 W: Why is it so cold today I thought the weather report said it was supposed to be sunny and warm...
M: Well, it is supposed to be nice later this afternoon. The fog should burn off by lunchtime, and this wind should die down, too.
【分析】问题：现在天气怎么样？根据"The fog should burn off by lunchtime, and this wind should die down, too."午饭前雾应该会消散，风也应该会平息。故选B。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I think I need a new notebook.
M: Why Is there a new, big and cool computer out on the market
W: No, mine doesn't work.
【分析】问题：女士是什么意思？根据"Is there a new, big and cool computer out on the market "市场上有新的、大的、酷的电脑吗？；以及"mine doesn't work."我的坏了。可推知她的电脑坏了。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
【答案】6．B
7．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】 W: Hi, Burt. I heard you're looking for a new job.
M: Yeah. I just had an interview yesterday.
W: Oh. How did it go
M: I think it went well. They said they would make a decision by this Friday.
W: This Friday That's pretty fast! Looks like they want to hire the person as quickly as possible.
M: Yeah! I think so, too.
W: What are your chances of getting that job, do you think
M: I believe I have a very good chance. The director seemed to like me.
W: Well, good luck, then.
M: Thanks.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：是什么让这位女士感到惊讶？根据"They said they would make a decision by this Friday."他们说他们将在本周五之前做出决定；以及"This Friday That's pretty fast! Looks like they want to hire the person as quickly as possible."这个星期五？太快了！看起来他们想尽快雇佣这个人。故选B。
7．问题：男士听起来怎么样？根据"I believe I have a very good chance. The director seemed to like me."我相信我有很好的机会。主任看起来很喜欢我。故选C。
【答案】8．A
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Excuse me. I m new here. Do you know where I pay my tuition fees
M: Yes, you have to go to the registrar s office.
W: Where s that
M: It s behind us. You have to go through the library. And then you turn right and you can see the classroom building. Next to it is the red brick building. The registrar s office is on the 3rd floor.
W: Great. Thanks for all your help.
M: Say, I could show you around our school later.
W: Thanks, but I m having dinner with my friend elsewhere.
M: OK. See you later.
【点评】 考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：男士在干什么？根据"Excuse me. I m new here. Do you know where I pay my tuition fees "不好意思。我是新来的。你知道我在哪里交学费吗。可推知男士在进行说明，故选A。
9．问题：注册办公室在哪里？根据"Next to it is the red brick building. The registrar s office is on the 3rd floor."它旁边是红砖建筑。登记处位于三楼。故选C。
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What should I do once I join the volunteer group
W: Your job is to help the old, the weak, the sick, and the injured.
M: All right. How many days should I volunteer, then
W: Oh, volunteering can be a few hours a week or a few hours a month, during the day or in the evening. That depends on your own situation.
M: Well, I'm in college now, so I have many classes during the day. I'd prefer evenings.
W: All right. It s a deal. Thank you for your kindness.
M: Don't mention it. Volunteering is an excellent way to develop skills outside of school.
Helping others really makes me happy as well.
W: That's really wonderful to hear, especially from a young person like you.、
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：男士是干什么的？根据"I'm in college now, so I have many classes during the day."我现在上大学，所以白天有很多课。故选B。
11．问题：男士什么时候想当志愿者？根据"I'd prefer evenings."我更喜欢晚上。故选C。
12．问题：男士认为志愿服务怎么样？根据"Volunteering is an excellent way to develop skills outside of school."志愿服务是培养校外技能的好方法。故选C。
【答案】13．C
14．A
15．B
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: OK, kid, what's so important that we have to meet in secret
W: Well, it's about the 22nd of next month. I'd like to have a surprise party for Mum but I need your help. I thought that maybe you could take her to a movie, you know, just the two of you.Then while you're away I can decorate the family room and invite lots of friends.
M: That sounds great but how do I manage to get her back without going out to dinner after the movie
W: Oh, that's easy. You just say that you want to pick me up in order to make it a family celebration. After the movie, you send Mum in to get me and when she comes in the front door everyone shouts"Happy bithday" to surprise her.
M: What about food You don't have time to cook it yourself, do you
W: I'll order everything to be sent from the restaurant nearby while you guys are enjoying the movie.
M: I'm so happy you've handled this so beautifully. You've really grown up. Your mother will be very glad for what you will do.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
13．问题：谈话人在谈论什么？根据"I'd like to have a surprise party for Mum but I need your help"我想为妈妈举办一个惊喜派对，但我需要你的帮助，故选C。
14．问题：谈话人之间的关系是什么？根据"I'd like to have a surprise party for Mum but I need your help. I thought that maybe you could take her to a movie, you know, just the two of you."我想为妈妈举办一个惊喜派对，但我需要你的帮助。我想也许你可以带她去看电影，就你们俩；以及"You just say that you want to pick me up in order to make it a family celebration."你只是说你想来接我，让这成为一个家庭庆祝活动。可推知他们是父女，故选A。
15．问题：8月22日，男士将做什么？根据"it's about the 22nd of next month. I'd like to have a surprise party for Mum but I need your help. I thought that maybe you could take her to a movie"大约是下个月22日。我想为妈妈举办一个惊喜派对，但我需要你的帮助。我想也许你可以带她去看电影，故选B。
16．问题：这位女士将如何准备食物？根据"I'll order everything to be sent from the restaurant nearby while you guys are enjoying the movie."你们在看电影的时候，我会点附近餐厅的所有东西。故选C。
【答案】17．C
18．C
19．A
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】W: Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. We can also use other senses when we choose our food. Although there are many different types of food, some animals eat only one type. The panda eats only one particular type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a sort of cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have more varied diets. Bears eat fruit and fish. Foxes eat birds and fruit. Diets of these animals are different depending on the season. Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat food with too much sugar. This is bad for their health. Eating too much meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：为什么有些动物只吃一种食物？根据短文内容可知，有些动物只吃一种食物是它们的本性。故选C。
18．问题：为什么发言人提到熊猫和一种白蝴蝶？根据"Although there are many different types of food, some animals eat only one type. The panda eats only one particular type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a sort of cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden."虽然有许多不同类型的食物，但有些动物只吃一种。熊猫只吃一种特殊的竹子。其他动物即使有选择，也只吃一种食物。一种白蝴蝶会呆在一种卷心菜的叶子上，即使花园里还有很多其他蔬菜。可推知提到熊猫和一种白蝴蝶是为了证明一些动物只吃一种食物。故选C。
19．问题：熊吃什么？根据"Bears eat fruit and fish."熊吃水果和鱼。故选A。
20．问题：发言人对法国菜有什么看法？根据"In countries such as France and Britain, people eat food with too much sugar. This is bad for their health."在法国和英国等国家，人们吃含糖量过高的食物。这对他们的健康有害。故选B。
【答案】21．D
22．D
23．B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了八月份最好的四个节日。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Edinburgh Festival Fringe部分中的“ In 2018 , the festival lasted 25 days”2018年，这个节日持续了25天；Wilderness Festival部分中的“Taking place over four days”为期四天；Notting Hill Carnival部分中的“ lasting over two days ”持续两天以上；以及La Tomatina部分中的“…and is held on the last Wednesday of August each year.”在每年八月的最后一个星期三举行。可知，Edinburgh Festival Fringe的持续时间最长。故选D。
22．考查细节理解。根据 Wilderness Festival 部分中的“All the campsites(野营地) are made to order for different needs, including family camping.”所有露营地都是根据不同的需要定制的，包括家庭露营。可知,在Wilderness Festival 人们可以选择量身定制的野营地。故选D。
23．考查细节理解。根据 La Tomatina部分中的" Each year, the Valencian town of Bunol gets changed into a red mess as locals and tourists take to the streets and throw tomatoes at each other, all for fun. "每年，巴伦西亚的布诺镇都会变成一片红色的混乱，因为当地人和游客走上街头，互相扔西红柿，这一切都是为了好玩。可知,在这一节日，游客和当地人走到街上相互扔西红柿。故选B。
【答案】24．B
25．C
26．A
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为什么冬天的星星看起来更亮，原因是冬季较干燥，湿度较低，空气中的温度差异使得星光扭曲和闪烁，使得星星看起来更加明亮。此外，由于地球围绕太阳运行的巧合，冬天从北半球看到的明亮星星更多。因此，冬天是一个观测星星的好时机。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February There's a link between cold air and the night lights."你有没有注意到星星有时在十二月、一月和二月显得更亮？冷空气和夜灯之间有联系；以及"Even though it's invisible, moisture (湿度) can change the way light moves through the air. And in the summer, …"尽管它是看不见的，但水分可以改变光在空气中的传播方式。在夏天……， 可知，尽管湿度是不可见的，但它可以改变光在空气中的传播方式。在夏天，湿度可以使星星看起来更暗淡。可推知，划线词dull是"不发光的，暗淡的"，之意，故选B。
25．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"And when the light from a star passes through those bubbles of varying temperatures, ‘it bends and shifts the light, so that we are seeing stars appear to dance or twinkle,' she said."当星星发出的光穿过这些温度不同的气泡时，"它会弯曲并改变光线，因此我们看到的恒星似乎在跳舞或闪烁，"她说。可知，空气温度会弯曲并移动星星的光线，因此我们看到星星在天空中闪烁。可推知，空气温度通过改变来自星星的光线的方向来影响星星的亮度。故选C。
26．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"If you really want to see a shiny star, just try to find a burning ball of gas called Sirius near the horizon (地平线). At 8.6 light-years away, Sirius is relatively close to Earth and the brightest star visible in the night sky. It is also large — nearly twice as big as our sun and 20 times as bright."如果你真的想看到一颗闪亮的恒星，只要试着在地平线附近找到一个燃烧的气团，叫做天狼星。天狼星距离地球8.6光年，相对较近，是夜空中可见的最亮的恒星。它也很大——几乎是太阳的两倍大，亮度是太阳的20倍。可知，天狼星非常大——几乎是我们太阳的两倍大，亮度是太阳的20倍。故选A。
27．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February There's a link between cold air and the night lights. ‘Part of it is that it tends to be drier in the winter,'"你有没有注意到星星有时在十二月、一月和二月显得更亮？冷空气和夜灯之间有联系。"部分原因是它在冬天往往更干燥；以及通读全文可知，文章主要解释了为什么冬天的星星看起来更亮，原因是冬季较干燥，湿度较低，空气中的温度差异使得星光扭曲和闪烁，使得星星看起来更加明亮。因此，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了解释为什么星星在冬天更明显。故选D。
【答案】28．C
29．D
30．A
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了被拒绝是一种普遍的经历，但被拒绝的痛苦却因人而异。作者认为被拒绝是每个人生活中正常的一部分。不要把被拒绝带来的羞耻感看作是一种消极情绪，而要把它看作是你的大脑正在正常工作的信号。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查推理判断。根据第二段"Historically, the pain that comes with rejection has been a useful tool. For our ancestors, being kept away from a group would have been a death sentence, since it was difficult to survive alone. Thus, the brain likely developed an alarming system to warn us when we were at risk of being rejected. Those who experienced rejection as more painful gained an advantage since they were more likely to adjust their behavior to remain in the group. "从历史上看，被拒绝带来的痛苦一直是一个有用的工具。对我们的祖先来说，远离群体就等于被判了死刑，因为独自生存是很困难的。因此，当我们面临被拒绝的风险时，大脑可能会发展出一个警报系统来警告我们。那些经历过更痛苦的拒绝的人获得了优势，因为他们更有可能调整自己的行为以留在群体中。知，我们的祖先被拒绝后，就得独自生存，而这相当于被判了死刑。因此，这种被拒绝的痛苦会提醒我们的祖先调整自己的行为以留在群体中。故选C。
29．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Research which compared brain activity of people who had experienced rejection with that of people who had experienced physical pain showed that many of the same regions of the brain lit up. The pain is a warning that something is damaging our health. "研究将经历过拒绝的人和经历过身体疼痛的人的大脑活动进行了比较，结果表明，大脑中许多相同的区域都活跃起来了。疼痛是一种警告，表明有什么东西正在损害我们的健康。可知，经历过拒绝的人和经历过身体疼痛的人的大脑会对拒绝和疼痛有同样的反应。故选D。
30．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Therefore, it is necessary to do a realistic analysis on what the problem is. If someone doesn't call you back, don't jump to the conclusion that they don't want to talk to you. They might be sick or busy. "因此，有必要对问题所在进行现实的分析。如果有人没有给你回电话，不要妄下结论说他们不想和你说话。他们可能生病了或者很忙。可知，作者建议我们被拒绝时，我们应该合理分析原因。故选A。
31．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"Rejection (拒绝) is a universal experience, but the pain of it can feel so individual. No matter how many times you have experienced it, being told you didn't get the job or that a date doesn't want to see you again is always hurtful. "被拒绝是一种普遍的经历，但被拒绝的痛苦却因人而异。不管你经历过多少次，被告知你没有得到这份工作，或者约会对象不想再见到你，总是让你很伤心；以及最后一段"Rejection is a normal part of everyone's life. Instead of seeing the shame that comes with rejection as a negative emotion, see it as a sign that your brain is working exactly how it should be."拒绝是每个人生活中正常的一部分。不要把被拒绝带来的羞耻感看作是一种消极情绪，而要把它看作是你的大脑正在正常工作的信号。可知，文章主要介绍被拒绝是生活中一件很常见的事情，不要觉得被拒绝是一件可耻的事情。故选B。
【答案】32．A
33．C
34．D
35．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了自2015年以来，Zickgraf一直在为失去孩子的家庭提供照明服务，以照亮他们的生活，特别是在艰难的节日期间。圣诞节彩灯是一些特别的东西，它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"After Stewart and Debbie Wilder lost their son, Cameron, in 2013, the last thing on their minds was decorating for the holiday season."2013年，Stewart和Debbie Wilder的儿子Cameron去世后，他们最不想做的事就是为假期做装饰。可知，失去儿子对Wilder夫妇的影响是他们不想为圣诞节装饰他们的房子了。故选A。
33．考查推理判断。根据第三段Zickgraf has been donating his light-stringing services to brighten the lives of families affected by losing their children, especially during the difficult holiday season since 2015 and has decorated the houses of more than two dozen families so far."自2015年以来，Zickgraf一直在为失去孩子的家庭提供照明服务，以照亮他们的生活，特别是在艰难的节日期间，他已经为20多个家庭装饰了房屋；以及第四段中的"In fact, he had two friends who had died young, and he'd always wished he could ease the pain for their loved ones. Now, he's found a way."事实上，他有两个朋友英年早逝，他一直希望能减轻他们所爱的人的痛苦。现在，他找到了一种方法。可推知，Zickgraf捐赠了照明服务是为了减轻受害者家庭的痛苦。故选C。
34．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"He was hanging lights on a home when the owner mentioned that some neighbors were having a hard time that holiday season because their son had recently died. Then he had an idea. ‘I sent my crew there to decorate that house too,' he says."他在给一户人家挂灯时，房主说一些邻居在那个节日期间过得很艰难，因为他们的儿子最近去世了。然后他有了一个主意。"我也派了我的团队去装饰那所房子，"他说。可知Zickgraf在得知别人处于悲痛中时，主动提供帮助，由此推知，Zickgraf非常体贴；根据最后一段"‘There's something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit.' Zickgraf knows his efforts can't completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier. ‘I wish I had a bigger company so I could do more houses,' he says.""圣诞节彩灯有一些特别的东西。它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些。"我希望我有一个更大的公司，这样我就可以装饰更多的房子，"他说。可知Zickgraf努力尽自己的一份力量，给这些不幸的家庭带去些许温暖，并且他希望这个善举可以惠及更多的人，可推知，Zickgraf非常乐于助人。故选D。
35．考查标题归纳。根据最后一段 "‘There's something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit.' Zickgraf knows his efforts can't completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier.""圣诞节彩灯有一些特别的东西。它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些；以及结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了自2015年以来，Zickgraf一直在为失去孩子的家庭提供照明服务，以照亮他们的生活，特别是在艰难的节日期间。圣诞节彩灯有一些特别的东西。它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些。"温暖心灵的灯光"，适合作本文标题，故选A。
【答案】36．E；37．B；38．A；39．F；40．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宇航员在外太空中吃东西、喝水和上卫生间等日常生活。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"So, many space foods are dried on Earth and stored in special packets."因此，许多太空食品在地球上干燥并储存在特殊的包装中。描述了脱水太空食物特点，E. Some, such as dried pears, taste good right out of the packet."有些，比如干梨，直接拿出来吃味道很好"与上文构成顺承关系，符合语境，故选E。
37．根据空前"On Earth, gravity is the force that keeps your feet on the ground and your sandwich on your plate."在地球上，地心引力是使你的脚保持在地面上，三明治保持在盘子里的力量。讲地球引力让食物呆在盘子里；以及空后"To keep food from floating(漂浮) away, astronauts on the Space Shuttle attach the packets to a special tray(托盘). "为了防止食物飘走，航天飞机上的宇航员将这些包裹装在一个特殊的托盘上。说太空中要用特殊托盘来防止食物飞走，两句有转折对比关系， B. But there's no gravity in space. "但是在太空中没有重力"说明原因，承上启下。故选B。
38．根据空后"So astronauts drink everything from a small bag with a straw(吸管) that can be closed."所以宇航员喝任何东西都用一个小袋子，里面有一根可以关闭的吸管，A. Liquids float right out of cups and glasses, though."不过，液体会直接从杯子和玻璃杯里浮出来"与之构成因果关系，符合语境，故选A。
39．根据空前"Astronauts eat tortillas instead of bread because they make fewer crumbs"宇航员吃玉米饼而不吃面包，因为玉米屑更少。F. Floating crumbs could get stuck in equipment or an astronaut's eye."漂浮的面包屑可能会卡在设备或宇航员的眼睛里"是宇航员不吃面包的进一步解释，符合语境，故选F。
40．根据空前"The toilet has bars that keep astronauts from floating away. "马桶上有栅栏，防止宇航员飘走，讲的是卫生间里的设施，G. A strong flow of air is used instead of water to flush waste down the toilet."用一股强劲的气流代替水将垃圾冲下厕所"承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【答案】41．D；42．C；43．B；44．A；45．D；46．B；47．D；48．B；49．A；50．D；51．A；52．C；53．D；54．B；55．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个发生在咖啡店的故事，作者在排队时被一位驾驶电动踏板车的女士不小心压到了脚，女士没有道歉。虽然起初作者感到恼火，但在女士的电动踏板车出现故障后，作者听到她们对话了解到女士是第一次使用电动踏板车，对她产生了同情。文章强调的是提醒人们在评判他人之前，应先了解他人的情况，不要急于作出判断。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：一行人和桌子之间只有一小段距离，她试图沿其行驶。A. private"私有的，私人的"；B. vast "广阔的"；C. public"公共的"；D. narrow"狭窄的"。根据空后"between the line of people and the tables, which she attempted to drive along"；以及下文"She drove over my foot""to drive it through narrow gaps"可知，在人群与桌子间只有一个非常狭窄的空间，才会压到作者的脚。故选D。
42．句意：她从我脚上碾过去，头也不回，一句话也没说。A. call back"回喊"；B. give up"放弃"；C. look back"回头看"；D. cheer up"打起精神，振作起来"。根据空后"saying nothing at all."可知，那个女人压到了作者的脚，但却没有回头，径直走了。故选C。
43．句意：我很生气，以为她会道歉，但后来我决定不理睬她，开始挑选配咖啡的糕点。A. ignored"忽视"；B. apologized"道歉"；C. explained"解释"；D. forgiven"原谅"。根据空前"expected she would have"可知，作者当时希望那个女人能向自己道歉。故选B。
44．句意：我很生气，以为她会道歉，但后来我决定不理睬她，开始挑选配咖啡的糕点。A. dismiss"解雇，搁置（忽视）"；B. make"做"；C. deserve"应受"；D. inspect"检查"。根据空后"got down to selecting which pastry (点心) to go with my coffee"可知，作者最后决定忽视掉这件小事，开始挑选配咖啡的糕点。故选A。
45．句意：她站在一排的最后，这样她就可以停车了。A. coffee"咖啡"；B. pastry"油酥糕点、点心"；C. purse"钱包"；D. vehicle"车辆"。根据上文"a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter ( 踏板车)"；以及空前"she could park"可知，这样她就可以停车了。故选D。
46．句意：大约半个小时后，当她喝完咖啡，她站起来，回到她的电动踏板车上。A. poured"倒入"；B. finished"完成"；C. ordered"预定"；D. purchased"购买"。根据空后"she got up and back onto her scooter"可知，大约半个小时后，当她喝完咖啡，她站起来，回到她的车上。故选B。
47．句意：它发动不了。她试着转动钥匙几次，然后打电话给她购买踏板车的地方。A. so"所以"；B. until"直到"；C. unless"除非"；D. before"在......之前"。根据空后"she telephoned the place she purchased it from"可知，在打电话给她购买踏板车的地方之前，她试着转动了几次钥匙。故选D。
48．句意：工程师不到5分钟就来了。A. broke in"打断"；B. turned up"出现"；C. ran away"跑开"；D. settled down"安定下来"。根据空前"An engineer"可知，一个工程师在5分钟之内就出现了。故选B。
49．句意：我忍不住偷听了他们的谈话，原来她那天早上才来取踏板车。A. collected"收集，领取"；B. stolen"偷"；C. fixed"修理"；D. abandoned"抛弃"。根据下文"This was her very first outing in it"可知，作者听到这个女人当天早上才买了这个踏板车，这是她第一次骑着它外出。故选A。
50．句意：她对驾驶它感到非常紧张。A. concerned"担心的，烦恼的"；B. excited"兴奋的，激动的"；C. confident"自信的"；D. nervous"不安的，紧张的"。根据上文"This was her very first outing in it"可知，这个女人是第一次骑这个车，感到很紧张。故选D。
51．句意：当然，她不习惯它的速度，也不习惯它的宽度，这种组合使得驾驶它通过狭窄的间隙非常紧张。A. width"宽度，广度"；B. length"长度"；C. weight"重量"；D. height"高度"。根据空前"she wasn't used to its speed"可知，这个女人对于这个车的速度和宽度都感到不安。故选A。
52．句意：当然，她不习惯它的速度，也不习惯它的宽度，这种组合使得驾驶它通过狭窄的间隙非常紧张。A. cool"凉爽的"；B. convenient"方便的"；C. stressful"有压力的"；D. desperate"拼命的，绝望的"。根据空后"to drive it through narrow gaps"可知，该位女士对电动脚踏车的速度以及宽度都不适应，所以使得驾驶它通过狭窄的间隙非常有压力。故选C。
53．句意：突然，我对这位女士产生了同情。A. pleasure"愉快"；B. regret"遗憾"；C. appreciation "欣赏"；D. sympathy"同情"。根据上文"This was her very first outing in it. She felt really 10 about driving it. Certainly, she wasn't used to its speed, nor its 11 , and this combination made it quite 12 to drive it through narrow gaps."可知，作者忍不住偷听了他们的谈话，原来她那天早上才来取踏板车，这个女人是第一次骑这个车，感到很紧张，所以她压到作者的脚，作者此时已经对这个女人感到同情和理解了。故选D。
54．句意：她开车从我脚上碾过，我真的一点也不烦扰了。A. strike"撞"；B. bother"烦扰"；C. satisfy"使满意"；D. motivate"使有动机，促动"。根据上文"Suddenly, I felt 13 for the lady."可知，作者已经对这个女人感到同情和理解了，因此作者此时觉得之前被那个女人压到脚的事已经不再困扰自己了。故选B。
55．句意：下次你要评价别人的时候，暂停一下，提醒自己人们在不了解你的思想或生活的情况下就对你进行了评价。A. judge"判断"；B. hug"拥抱"；C. persuade"说服"；D. tease"取笑，戏弄"。根据空后"someone, pause for a second and remind yourself that people have judged you without knowing what was going on in your mind or your life."可知，作者认为，当你要判断一个人时，应该先仔细思考地一下。故选A。
56．【答案】performance
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他灵感爆发，叫粉丝制作视频，他自己将视频整合成一个表演。空格处作介词into的宾语。 perform "表演，执行"，动词，其名词"表演"应为 performance ，且被数词one所修饰，应用可数名词单数。故填performance。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
57．【答案】rolling
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：这个滚动的球在山脚下停住了。此处作定语修饰名词ball，且roll与ball构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填rolling。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作定语。
58．【答案】gathered
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：收获节是在所有的庄稼收割完毕后举行的。此处是谓语动词，gather与之间是被动关系，与have been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填gathered。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态。
59．【答案】agriculture
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们就总理的农业新计划向他请教。此处名词作介词宾语。agricultural"农业的"形容词，其名词"农业"应用agriculture，不可数。故填agriculture。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
60．【答案】tailored
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：新婚夫妇对几天前定制的家具感到满意。furniture与tailor之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，此处作后置定语。故填tailored。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作后置定语。
61．【答案】permission
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：没有校长的允许，学校不允许我们离开学校。此处名词作宾语。permit"允许"，动词，其名词"允许，许可"应用permission，不可数，作介词without的宾语。故填permission。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
62．【答案】limited
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：科学家试图找到更有效的药物，因为现有的药物在治疗癌症方面价值有限。此处形容词作定语修饰名词value，意为"有限的"。故填limited。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
63．【答案】argument
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们就是否接受邀请展开了激烈的争论。此处名词作宾语， argue "争论"，动词，其名词"争论"应用 argument ，结合空前的不定冠词a，应用单数名词，故填argument。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
64．【答案】to escape
【知识点】作后置定语；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：当面临危险时，一个人应该保持冷静，想办法逃跑。此处不定式作后置定语，ways to do固定短语，"做某事的方法",故填to escape。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作后置定语以及固定短语ways to do。
65．【答案】minority
【知识点】固定短语；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：会说英语的人在这个国家是少数。分析句子可知，冠词the后面应用名词，minority表"少数人"，为名词，在本句中作介词后宾语，in the minority固定短语"占少数"，故填minority。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语in the minority。
66．【答案】rejected
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】。句意：由于视力不好，他被军队拒之门外。此处是谓语动词，根据by the army表示"被军队……"，可知应用动词的过去分词与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填rejected。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
67．【答案】scared
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：教练非常严厉，每个人都怕他。此处形容词作表语。scare"使害怕"，动词，其形容词"害怕的"，修饰人，应用scared，故填scared。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
68．【答案】defence/defense
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：秦始皇建造的长城是一道抵御北方敌人的防御工事。今天，长城是中国面向世界的象征。此处名词作宾语。 defend"防卫"，动词，其名词"防御工事"应用defence/defense，结合冠词a可知，用单数名词，故填defence/defense。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
69．【答案】philosophy
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：孔子信奉所谓的哲学"黄金法则"：己所不欲，勿施于人。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词philosophy，不可数，作介词of的宾语，故填philosophy。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
70．【答案】somehow
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：她不知怎地在很小的时候就开始自学弹钢琴了。根据句意和汉语提示，应用副词somehow，修饰谓语动词 learnt ，作状语。故填somehow。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
71．【答案】represent
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：罗斯很荣幸被选为代表她的班级参加英语演讲比赛。根据句意和汉语提示，应用动词represent，与空前的to构成不定式结构，作补足语。故填represent。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作补足语。
72．【答案】precious
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：如果某样东西对你来说是珍贵的，你就会认为它很重要，不想失去它。根据句意和汉语提示，应用形容词precious，此处作表语，故填precious。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
73．【答案】district
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这个地区的人们都赞扬了政府关闭化工厂的决定。根据句意和中文提示可知，应用district，为可数名词，由this可知，这里应用单数形式作介词后宾语。故填district。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
74．【答案】procedure
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他告诉我步骤很简单，但我做不到。根据句意和中文提示可知，应用procedure，为可数名词，且由空后was可知，应用单数形式作主语。故填procedure。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
75．【答案】.element
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：诚实是他在事业上取得巨大成功的一个重要因素。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词element，作表语。结合空前的an可知用单数名词，故填element。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
76．【答案】Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO We had an argument over whether it was necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day.
①Some of us think it important to research the outer space because, first of all, people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration. Second, new resources can be found there for human use. Third, this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life.
However, others think very differently. ② They said this kind of exploration is much too costly. Besides, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.
In my opinion, people should be pioneering and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇文章，客观地介绍讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。写作背景： 最近你班举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。写作要点以表格的形式给出，属于提纲类作文。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Some of us think it important to research the outer space because, 运用了宾语从句，it作形式主语；Second, new resources can be found there for human use. 运用了被动语态；They said this kind of exploration is much too costly. 运用了宾语从句；Besides, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.运用了it作形式主语；In my opinion, people should be pioneering and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.运用了并列句。
1 / 1重庆市七校联盟2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末考试英语试题（音频暂未更新）
一、第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）What did the woman buy for her mother
A．Earrings. B．A necklace. C．A coat.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Tomorrow is Mother's Day. So what have you bought for mom
W: I had planned to buy a necklace or a pair of earrings, but they're too expensive. So I bought her a coat instead.
【分析】问题：女士给她妈妈买了什么？根据"So I bought her a coat instead."所以我给她买了一件外套。故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解，注意分析问句类型和内容，选出正确答案。
2．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）What does the woman say about the man
A．He is foolish.
B．He has no hope of promotion.
C．He didn t say goodbye at the party.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: I guess I made a fool of myself at the office party.
W: Well, I think you can kiss your chance of being promoted goodbye.
【分析】问题：关于男士，女士说了什么？根据"I think you can kiss your chance of being promoted goodbye."我想你可以和升职的机会吻别了。也就是说他没有晋升的希望。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
3．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）What was the woman probably trying to do
A．Play a tape recorder.
B．Repair a typewriter.
C．Take a picture.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Did you check the power plug and press the play button
W: Yes, the power indicator was on, and it was running, but somehow the sound didn't come through.
【分析】问题：女士可能想做什么？根据"Did you check the power plug and press the play button "你检查电源插头并按下播放按钮了吗？；以及"Yes, the power indicator was on, and it was running, but somehow the sound didn't come through."是的，电源指示灯亮着，它正在运行，但不知怎么的，声音没有传出来。可推知她在试图播放录音，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解，听录音前快速浏览选项，听录音时抓取关键词，选出正确答案。
4．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）What is the weather like now
A．Wet and rainy. B．Foggy and windy. C．Sunny and warm.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】 W: Why is it so cold today I thought the weather report said it was supposed to be sunny and warm...
M: Well, it is supposed to be nice later this afternoon. The fog should burn off by lunchtime, and this wind should die down, too.
【分析】问题：现在天气怎么样？根据"The fog should burn off by lunchtime, and this wind should die down, too."午饭前雾应该会消散，风也应该会平息。故选B。
【点评】考查对话型听力题。听前要快速浏览答语，理解答语意思，听时要注意力集中，选出答案。
5．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）What does the woman mean
A．The new computer is cool.
B．Her computer broke down.
C．She needs a bigger computer.
【答案】B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I think I need a new notebook.
M: Why Is there a new, big and cool computer out on the market
W: No, mine doesn't work.
【分析】问题：女士是什么意思？根据"Is there a new, big and cool computer out on the market "市场上有新的、大的、酷的电脑吗？；以及"mine doesn't work."我的坏了。可推知她的电脑坏了。故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地去听关键词。
二、第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）听材料，回答问题。
6．What surprised the woman
A．The man did well in the interview.
B．The man will know the result very soon.
C．They won't make a decision until next Friday.
7．How does the man sound
A．Disappointed. B．Uncertain. C．Confident.
【答案】6．B
7．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】 W: Hi, Burt. I heard you're looking for a new job.
M: Yeah. I just had an interview yesterday.
W: Oh. How did it go
M: I think it went well. They said they would make a decision by this Friday.
W: This Friday That's pretty fast! Looks like they want to hire the person as quickly as possible.
M: Yeah! I think so, too.
W: What are your chances of getting that job, do you think
M: I believe I have a very good chance. The director seemed to like me.
W: Well, good luck, then.
M: Thanks.
【点评】考查细节理解。首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
6．问题：是什么让这位女士感到惊讶？根据"They said they would make a decision by this Friday."他们说他们将在本周五之前做出决定；以及"This Friday That's pretty fast! Looks like they want to hire the person as quickly as possible."这个星期五？太快了！看起来他们想尽快雇佣这个人。故选B。
7．问题：男士听起来怎么样？根据"I believe I have a very good chance. The director seemed to like me."我相信我有很好的机会。主任看起来很喜欢我。故选C。
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）听材料，回答问题。
8．What is the man doing
A．Giving directions.
B．Offering an invitation.
C．Asking for information.
9．Where is the registrar s office
A．Opposite the library.
B．In the classroom building.
C．In the red brick building.
【答案】8．A
9．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Excuse me. I m new here. Do you know where I pay my tuition fees
M: Yes, you have to go to the registrar s office.
W: Where s that
M: It s behind us. You have to go through the library. And then you turn right and you can see the classroom building. Next to it is the red brick building. The registrar s office is on the 3rd floor.
W: Great. Thanks for all your help.
M: Say, I could show you around our school later.
W: Thanks, but I m having dinner with my friend elsewhere.
M: OK. See you later.
【点评】 考查长对话理解，首先阅读题目，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
8．问题：男士在干什么？根据"Excuse me. I m new here. Do you know where I pay my tuition fees "不好意思。我是新来的。你知道我在哪里交学费吗。可推知男士在进行说明，故选A。
9．问题：注册办公室在哪里？根据"Next to it is the red brick building. The registrar s office is on the 3rd floor."它旁边是红砖建筑。登记处位于三楼。故选C。
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）听材料，回答问题。
10．What is the man
A．He is a teacher. B．He is a student. C．He is a doctor.
11．When does the man want to volunteer
A．In the mornings. B．In the afternoons. C．In the evenings.
12．What does the man think of volunteering
A．It can help him get a good job.
B．It can help him do better at school.
C．It can help him develop his social skills.
【答案】10．B
11．C
12．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What should I do once I join the volunteer group
W: Your job is to help the old, the weak, the sick, and the injured.
M: All right. How many days should I volunteer, then
W: Oh, volunteering can be a few hours a week or a few hours a month, during the day or in the evening. That depends on your own situation.
M: Well, I'm in college now, so I have many classes during the day. I'd prefer evenings.
W: All right. It s a deal. Thank you for your kindness.
M: Don't mention it. Volunteering is an excellent way to develop skills outside of school.
Helping others really makes me happy as well.
W: That's really wonderful to hear, especially from a young person like you.、
【点评】考查长对话理解，首先理解题干，其次注意听句子，抓住关键词。
10．问题：男士是干什么的？根据"I'm in college now, so I have many classes during the day."我现在上大学，所以白天有很多课。故选B。
11．问题：男士什么时候想当志愿者？根据"I'd prefer evenings."我更喜欢晚上。故选C。
12．问题：男士认为志愿服务怎么样？根据"Volunteering is an excellent way to develop skills outside of school."志愿服务是培养校外技能的好方法。故选C。
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）听材料，回答问题。
13．What are the speakers talking about
A．A plan for the room decoration.
B．A plan for a family get-together.
C．A plan for a surprise party.
14．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Father and daughter.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Mother and son.
15．What will the man do-on August 22nd
A．Go out for dinner.
B．See a movie.
C．Meet his friends.
16．How will the woman prepare food
A．By conking it herself.
B．By having her friends do it.
C．By ordering it from a restaurant.
【答案】13．C
14．A
15．B
16．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: OK, kid, what's so important that we have to meet in secret
W: Well, it's about the 22nd of next month. I'd like to have a surprise party for Mum but I need your help. I thought that maybe you could take her to a movie, you know, just the two of you.Then while you're away I can decorate the family room and invite lots of friends.
M: That sounds great but how do I manage to get her back without going out to dinner after the movie
W: Oh, that's easy. You just say that you want to pick me up in order to make it a family celebration. After the movie, you send Mum in to get me and when she comes in the front door everyone shouts"Happy bithday" to surprise her.
M: What about food You don't have time to cook it yourself, do you
W: I'll order everything to be sent from the restaurant nearby while you guys are enjoying the movie.
M: I'm so happy you've handled this so beautifully. You've really grown up. Your mother will be very glad for what you will do.
【点评】考查细节理解，首先理解题干，画出关键词，再根据录音匹配作答。
13．问题：谈话人在谈论什么？根据"I'd like to have a surprise party for Mum but I need your help"我想为妈妈举办一个惊喜派对，但我需要你的帮助，故选C。
14．问题：谈话人之间的关系是什么？根据"I'd like to have a surprise party for Mum but I need your help. I thought that maybe you could take her to a movie, you know, just the two of you."我想为妈妈举办一个惊喜派对，但我需要你的帮助。我想也许你可以带她去看电影，就你们俩；以及"You just say that you want to pick me up in order to make it a family celebration."你只是说你想来接我，让这成为一个家庭庆祝活动。可推知他们是父女，故选A。
15．问题：8月22日，男士将做什么？根据"it's about the 22nd of next month. I'd like to have a surprise party for Mum but I need your help. I thought that maybe you could take her to a movie"大约是下个月22日。我想为妈妈举办一个惊喜派对，但我需要你的帮助。我想也许你可以带她去看电影，故选B。
16．问题：这位女士将如何准备食物？根据"I'll order everything to be sent from the restaurant nearby while you guys are enjoying the movie."你们在看电影的时候，我会点附近餐厅的所有东西。故选C。
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）听材料，回答问题。
17．For what do some animals eat only one type of food
A．Lack of choice. B．Health issues. C．Their nature.
18．Why does the speaker mention the panda and a kind of white butterfly
A．To amuse the listeners.
B．To introduce what some animals eat.
C．To prove that some animals eat only one type of food.
19．What do bears eat
A．Fish and fruit. B．Vegetables and fruit. C．Fish and birds.
20．What does the speaker think of French food
A．Delicious. B．Unhealthy. C．Popular.
【答案】17．C
18．C
19．A
20．B
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】W: Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. We can also use other senses when we choose our food. Although there are many different types of food, some animals eat only one type. The panda eats only one particular type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a sort of cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have more varied diets. Bears eat fruit and fish. Foxes eat birds and fruit. Diets of these animals are different depending on the season. Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat food with too much sugar. This is bad for their health. Eating too much meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.
【点评】考查听力理解能力，首先看懂问题，然后根据问题在文中找出依据，选出正确答案。
17．问题：为什么有些动物只吃一种食物？根据短文内容可知，有些动物只吃一种食物是它们的本性。故选C。
18．问题：为什么发言人提到熊猫和一种白蝴蝶？根据"Although there are many different types of food, some animals eat only one type. The panda eats only one particular type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a sort of cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden."虽然有许多不同类型的食物，但有些动物只吃一种。熊猫只吃一种特殊的竹子。其他动物即使有选择，也只吃一种食物。一种白蝴蝶会呆在一种卷心菜的叶子上，即使花园里还有很多其他蔬菜。可推知提到熊猫和一种白蝴蝶是为了证明一些动物只吃一种食物。故选C。
19．问题：熊吃什么？根据"Bears eat fruit and fish."熊吃水果和鱼。故选A。
20．问题：发言人对法国菜有什么看法？根据"In countries such as France and Britain, people eat food with too much sugar. This is bad for their health."在法国和英国等国家，人们吃含糖量过高的食物。这对他们的健康有害。故选B。
三、第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）阅读理解
ThebestfestivalsinAugust
Edinburgh Festival
Fringe
The Edinburgh
Festival Fringe is the largest arts festival in the world. In 2018, the
festival lasted 25 days, including 55, 000 performances of 3, 548 shows in 317
places. The festival started in 1947. For around three weeks in August, the
city of Edinburgh welcomes a large number of artists and performers around the
globe. Anyone can join in with the performance of their choice.
Wilderness
Festival
Wilderness
Festival takes place in one of the oldest woods in England. Taking place four
days in nature, people will experience music, comedy, theatre, and dance from
Sadler's Wells. All the campsites(野营地) are made to
order for different needs, including family camping.
Notting Hill
Carnival
Notting Hill
Carnival takes place on the streets of Notting Hill in London, England in each
August lasting over two days. Attracting around one million people each year,
it's one of the biggest street festivals in the world. Happening since 1966,
Notting Hill Carnival is an essential cultural experience in London.
La Tomatina
Each year, the
Valencian town of Bunol gets changed into a red mess as locals and tourists
take to the streets and throw tomatoes at each other, all for fun. This tomato
festival has been happening since 1945 and is held on the last Wednesday of
August each year.
21．Which festival lasts the longest
A．Wilderness Festival. B．Notting Hill Carnival.
C．La Tomatina. D．Edinburgh Festival Fringe.
22．What can people do during the Wilderness Festival
A．Buy handmade tents. B．Dance with famous stars.
C．Experience wilderness adventures. D．Choose specially offered campsites.
23．What is special about La Tomatina
A．It is held for tourists. B．It is a food fight festival.
C．It takes place on the streets. D．It limits the color of clothes.
【答案】21．D
22．D
23．B
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了八月份最好的四个节日。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据Edinburgh Festival Fringe部分中的“ In 2018 , the festival lasted 25 days”2018年，这个节日持续了25天；Wilderness Festival部分中的“Taking place over four days”为期四天；Notting Hill Carnival部分中的“ lasting over two days ”持续两天以上；以及La Tomatina部分中的“…and is held on the last Wednesday of August each year.”在每年八月的最后一个星期三举行。可知，Edinburgh Festival Fringe的持续时间最长。故选D。
22．考查细节理解。根据 Wilderness Festival 部分中的“All the campsites(野营地) are made to order for different needs, including family camping.”所有露营地都是根据不同的需要定制的，包括家庭露营。可知,在Wilderness Festival 人们可以选择量身定制的野营地。故选D。
23．考查细节理解。根据 La Tomatina部分中的" Each year, the Valencian town of Bunol gets changed into a red mess as locals and tourists take to the streets and throw tomatoes at each other, all for fun. "每年，巴伦西亚的布诺镇都会变成一片红色的混乱，因为当地人和游客走上街头，互相扔西红柿，这一切都是为了好玩。可知,在这一节日，游客和当地人走到街上相互扔西红柿。故选B。
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）阅读理解
Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February There's a link between cold air and the night lights. "Part of it is that it tends to be drier in the winter," said Diane Tumshek, an astronomer at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Even though it's invisible, moisture (湿度) can change the way light moves through the air. And in the summer, moisture can make stars appear more dull.
Air temperature is also what puts the twinkle twinkle in the little stars. "Even on very clear nights, some of the atmosphere is cooler, and some of the atmosphere is warmer," said Tumshek, who also works with the Allegheny Observatory. And when the light from a star passes through those bubbles of varying temperatures, "it bends and shifts the light, so that we are seeing stars appear to dance or twinkle," she said.
For star lovers in the United States, there's another factor that comes into play for bright winter stars, although this is a matter of coincidence (巧合). During Earth's journey around the sun, "there are just simply more bright stars visible from the Northern Hemisphere in the winter sky," Tumshek said. If you really want to see a shiny star, just try to find a burning ball of gas called Sirius near the horizon (地平线). At
8.6 light-years away, Sirius is relatively close to Earth and the brightest star visible in the night sky. It is also large—nearly twice as big as our sun and 20 times as bright. So this winter, when the world turns cold and it seems like we should be spending more time indoors, consider asking an adult to go exploring outside. With a warm coat and a clear sky, any night can be turned into a treasure hunt. All you have to do is look up.
24．What does the underlined word "dull" in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Not exciting. B．Not shiny.
C．Not serious. D．Not smart.
25．How does air temperature influence the brightness of stars
A．By making the stars dance and twinkle in the sky.
B．By putting the twinkle twinkle in them.
C．By varying the direction of the light from them.
D．By changing the bubbles around them.
26．What do we know about Sirius
A．It is 20 times as bright as the sun.
B．It can be found at any night.
C．It is a burning and shiny ball.
D．It is closer to Earth than other stars.
27．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To suggest stargazing in winter.
B．To call on people to focus on stars.
C．To present new research results about stars.
D．To explain why stars are more visible in winter.
【答案】24．B
25．C
26．A
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为什么冬天的星星看起来更亮，原因是冬季较干燥，湿度较低，空气中的温度差异使得星光扭曲和闪烁，使得星星看起来更加明亮。此外，由于地球围绕太阳运行的巧合，冬天从北半球看到的明亮星星更多。因此，冬天是一个观测星星的好时机。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的"Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February There's a link between cold air and the night lights."你有没有注意到星星有时在十二月、一月和二月显得更亮？冷空气和夜灯之间有联系；以及"Even though it's invisible, moisture (湿度) can change the way light moves through the air. And in the summer, …"尽管它是看不见的，但水分可以改变光在空气中的传播方式。在夏天……， 可知，尽管湿度是不可见的，但它可以改变光在空气中的传播方式。在夏天，湿度可以使星星看起来更暗淡。可推知，划线词dull是"不发光的，暗淡的"，之意，故选B。
25．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"And when the light from a star passes through those bubbles of varying temperatures, ‘it bends and shifts the light, so that we are seeing stars appear to dance or twinkle,' she said."当星星发出的光穿过这些温度不同的气泡时，"它会弯曲并改变光线，因此我们看到的恒星似乎在跳舞或闪烁，"她说。可知，空气温度会弯曲并移动星星的光线，因此我们看到星星在天空中闪烁。可推知，空气温度通过改变来自星星的光线的方向来影响星星的亮度。故选C。
26．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"If you really want to see a shiny star, just try to find a burning ball of gas called Sirius near the horizon (地平线). At 8.6 light-years away, Sirius is relatively close to Earth and the brightest star visible in the night sky. It is also large — nearly twice as big as our sun and 20 times as bright."如果你真的想看到一颗闪亮的恒星，只要试着在地平线附近找到一个燃烧的气团，叫做天狼星。天狼星距离地球8.6光年，相对较近，是夜空中可见的最亮的恒星。它也很大——几乎是太阳的两倍大，亮度是太阳的20倍。可知，天狼星非常大——几乎是我们太阳的两倍大，亮度是太阳的20倍。故选A。
27．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Have you ever noticed that the stars sometimes appear brighter in December, January and February There's a link between cold air and the night lights. ‘Part of it is that it tends to be drier in the winter,'"你有没有注意到星星有时在十二月、一月和二月显得更亮？冷空气和夜灯之间有联系。"部分原因是它在冬天往往更干燥；以及通读全文可知，文章主要解释了为什么冬天的星星看起来更亮，原因是冬季较干燥，湿度较低，空气中的温度差异使得星光扭曲和闪烁，使得星星看起来更加明亮。因此，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了解释为什么星星在冬天更明显。故选D。
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）阅读理解
Rejection (拒绝) is a universal experience, but the pain of it can feel so individual. No matter how many times you have experienced it, being told you didn't get the job or that a date doesn't want to see you again is always hurtful.
Historically, the pain that comes with rejection has been a useful tool. For our ancestors, being kept away from a group would have been a death sentence, since it was difficult to survive alone. Thus, the brain likely developed an alarming system to warn us when we were at risk of being rejected. Those who experienced rejection as more painful gained an advantage since they were more likely to adjust their behavior to remain in the group.
Being rejected has far smaller consequences now than it did thousands of years ago. Still, we read it as a threat to our health. The reason why it hurts is the same reason why we experience pain when we step on a sharp object. Research which compared brain activity of people who had experienced rejection with that of people who had experienced physical pain showed that many of the same regions of the brain lit up. The pain is a warning that something is damaging our health.
Concern with rejection is perfectly normal, but being overly worried can affect the quality of our life. If you take rejection personally, your self-worth will suffer; but if you blame it on the general injustice of the world, it will make you angry and bitter. Therefore, it is necessary to do a realistic analysis on what the problem is. If someone doesn't call you back, don't jump to the conclusion that they don't want to talk to you. They might be sick or busy.
Rejection is a normal part of everyone's life. Instead of seeing the shame that comes with rejection as a negative emotion, see it as a sign that your brain is working exactly how it should be.
28．How did the pain of rejection help our ancestors survive
A．By increasing the safety of living alone.
B．By showing the consequence of teamwork.
C．By reminding them to change their behavior.
D．By warning them to keep away from danger.
29．What does the research suggest about rejection and physical pain
A．They are both a cause of brain damage.
B．They are both a warning to our survival.
C．They recall the same suffering in the past.
D．They produce the same response in our brain.
30．What does the author advise us to do about rejection
A．Analyze it reasonably. B．Doubt it bravely.
C．Ignore it immediately. D．Take it personally.
31．What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．Rejection: Whose Fault Is It
B．Rejection: A Shame or Not
C．How Can We Avoid Rejection
D．Why Does Rejection Hurt So Much
【答案】28．C
29．D
30．A
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了被拒绝是一种普遍的经历，但被拒绝的痛苦却因人而异。作者认为被拒绝是每个人生活中正常的一部分。不要把被拒绝带来的羞耻感看作是一种消极情绪，而要把它看作是你的大脑正在正常工作的信号。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查推理判断。根据第二段"Historically, the pain that comes with rejection has been a useful tool. For our ancestors, being kept away from a group would have been a death sentence, since it was difficult to survive alone. Thus, the brain likely developed an alarming system to warn us when we were at risk of being rejected. Those who experienced rejection as more painful gained an advantage since they were more likely to adjust their behavior to remain in the group. "从历史上看，被拒绝带来的痛苦一直是一个有用的工具。对我们的祖先来说，远离群体就等于被判了死刑，因为独自生存是很困难的。因此，当我们面临被拒绝的风险时，大脑可能会发展出一个警报系统来警告我们。那些经历过更痛苦的拒绝的人获得了优势，因为他们更有可能调整自己的行为以留在群体中。知，我们的祖先被拒绝后，就得独自生存，而这相当于被判了死刑。因此，这种被拒绝的痛苦会提醒我们的祖先调整自己的行为以留在群体中。故选C。
29．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Research which compared brain activity of people who had experienced rejection with that of people who had experienced physical pain showed that many of the same regions of the brain lit up. The pain is a warning that something is damaging our health. "研究将经历过拒绝的人和经历过身体疼痛的人的大脑活动进行了比较，结果表明，大脑中许多相同的区域都活跃起来了。疼痛是一种警告，表明有什么东西正在损害我们的健康。可知，经历过拒绝的人和经历过身体疼痛的人的大脑会对拒绝和疼痛有同样的反应。故选D。
30．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Therefore, it is necessary to do a realistic analysis on what the problem is. If someone doesn't call you back, don't jump to the conclusion that they don't want to talk to you. They might be sick or busy. "因此，有必要对问题所在进行现实的分析。如果有人没有给你回电话，不要妄下结论说他们不想和你说话。他们可能生病了或者很忙。可知，作者建议我们被拒绝时，我们应该合理分析原因。故选A。
31．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"Rejection (拒绝) is a universal experience, but the pain of it can feel so individual. No matter how many times you have experienced it, being told you didn't get the job or that a date doesn't want to see you again is always hurtful. "被拒绝是一种普遍的经历，但被拒绝的痛苦却因人而异。不管你经历过多少次，被告知你没有得到这份工作，或者约会对象不想再见到你，总是让你很伤心；以及最后一段"Rejection is a normal part of everyone's life. Instead of seeing the shame that comes with rejection as a negative emotion, see it as a sign that your brain is working exactly how it should be."拒绝是每个人生活中正常的一部分。不要把被拒绝带来的羞耻感看作是一种消极情绪，而要把它看作是你的大脑正在正常工作的信号。可知，文章主要介绍被拒绝是生活中一件很常见的事情，不要觉得被拒绝是一件可耻的事情。故选B。
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）阅读理解
After Stewart and Debbie Wilder lost their son, Cameron, in 2013, the last thing on their minds was decorating for the holiday season. "We haven t put anything up in three years. It has all stayed boxed up," said Debbie.
But in December 2016, the house was lit up for Christmas, with little lights cheerfully lining the roof and eaves（屋檐）. It wasn t the Wilders but a stranger Carson Zickgraf, the founder of CZ Enterprises LLC, who finally made the house shine. "I started crying," Debbie says about seeing the lights for the first time. "It was really special."
Zickgraf has been donating his light-stringing services to brighten the lives of families affected by losing their children, especially during the difficult holiday season since 2015 and has decorated the houses of more than two dozen families so far.
He started the project by chance. He was hanging lights on a home when the owner mentioned that some neighbors were having a hard time that holiday season because their son had recently died. Then he had an idea. "I sent my crew there to decorate that house too," he says. The family was delighted. In fact, he had two friends who had died young, and he d always wished he could ease the pain for their loved ones. Now, he s found a way.
" There s something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit." Zickgraf knows his efforts can t completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier. "I wish I had a bigger company so I could do more houses," he says.
32．How was the Wilders affected by the loss of their son
A．They didn t feel like decorating their house for Christmas.
B．They were the last to put up some decorations at Christmas.
C．They had no one to help decorate their house for Christmas.
D．They had the belongings of their son boxed up at Christmas.
33．Why did Zickgraf donate the light-stringing service
A．To make more houses brighter.
B．To expand his own business.
C．To relieve the victim family s pain.
D．To memorize his dead friends.
34．Which of the following words can best describe Zickgraf
A．Enthusiastic and optimistic. B．Courageous and smart.
C．Ambitious and generous. D．Considerate and helpful.
35．Which can be the best title for the text
A．Lights warming the spirit. B．A person brightening houses.
C．Families going through sufferings. D．A business hanging lights.
【答案】32．A
33．C
34．D
35．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了自2015年以来，Zickgraf一直在为失去孩子的家庭提供照明服务，以照亮他们的生活，特别是在艰难的节日期间。圣诞节彩灯是一些特别的东西，它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"After Stewart and Debbie Wilder lost their son, Cameron, in 2013, the last thing on their minds was decorating for the holiday season."2013年，Stewart和Debbie Wilder的儿子Cameron去世后，他们最不想做的事就是为假期做装饰。可知，失去儿子对Wilder夫妇的影响是他们不想为圣诞节装饰他们的房子了。故选A。
33．考查推理判断。根据第三段Zickgraf has been donating his light-stringing services to brighten the lives of families affected by losing their children, especially during the difficult holiday season since 2015 and has decorated the houses of more than two dozen families so far."自2015年以来，Zickgraf一直在为失去孩子的家庭提供照明服务，以照亮他们的生活，特别是在艰难的节日期间，他已经为20多个家庭装饰了房屋；以及第四段中的"In fact, he had two friends who had died young, and he'd always wished he could ease the pain for their loved ones. Now, he's found a way."事实上，他有两个朋友英年早逝，他一直希望能减轻他们所爱的人的痛苦。现在，他找到了一种方法。可推知，Zickgraf捐赠了照明服务是为了减轻受害者家庭的痛苦。故选C。
34．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"He was hanging lights on a home when the owner mentioned that some neighbors were having a hard time that holiday season because their son had recently died. Then he had an idea. ‘I sent my crew there to decorate that house too,' he says."他在给一户人家挂灯时，房主说一些邻居在那个节日期间过得很艰难，因为他们的儿子最近去世了。然后他有了一个主意。"我也派了我的团队去装饰那所房子，"他说。可知Zickgraf在得知别人处于悲痛中时，主动提供帮助，由此推知，Zickgraf非常体贴；根据最后一段"‘There's something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit.' Zickgraf knows his efforts can't completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier. ‘I wish I had a bigger company so I could do more houses,' he says.""圣诞节彩灯有一些特别的东西。它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些。"我希望我有一个更大的公司，这样我就可以装饰更多的房子，"他说。可知Zickgraf努力尽自己的一份力量，给这些不幸的家庭带去些许温暖，并且他希望这个善举可以惠及更多的人，可推知，Zickgraf非常乐于助人。故选D。
35．考查标题归纳。根据最后一段 "‘There's something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit.' Zickgraf knows his efforts can't completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier.""圣诞节彩灯有一些特别的东西。它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些；以及结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了自2015年以来，Zickgraf一直在为失去孩子的家庭提供照明服务，以照亮他们的生活，特别是在艰难的节日期间。圣诞节彩灯有一些特别的东西。它们温暖心灵。Zickgraf知道他的努力并不能完全消除这些家庭的痛苦，但他可以让他们的假期更愉快一些。"温暖心灵的灯光"，适合作本文标题，故选A。
四、第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Going to outer space is a little like going camping. Food with all the water dried out is lightweight and doesn't spoil (变坏). So, many space foods are dried on Earth and stored in special packets. 　36． 　.
On Earth, gravity is the force that keeps your feet on the ground and your sandwich on your plate. 　37． 　 To keep food from floating (漂浮) away, astronauts on the Space Shuttle attach the packets to a special tray (托盘). The tray can be fixed to a wall or to the astronaut's lap. To prepare their food, astronauts use liquid forms of salt and pepper. The liquid sticks to the food better. Regular salt and pepper would float away, maybe up an astronaut's nose.
　38． 　 So astronauts drink everything from a small bag with a straw (吸管) that can be closed. Astronauts say that most space foods taste pretty good.
Some, such as apples and pudding, are the same as the foods you eat on Earth. Astronauts eat tortillas instead of bread because they make fewer crumbs (碎屑). 　39． 　 Your body uses food in space the same way it does on Earth. Your body must deal with waste in space too.
During take-off and landing, astronauts can't leave their seats to go to the bathroom. They wear diapers (尿布) under their spacesuits instead. The Space Shuttle has a bathroom the size of a small closet. The toilet has bars that keep astronauts from floating away. 　40． 　.
A. Liquids float right out of cups and glasses, though.
B. But there's no gravity in space.
C. In outer space, everything seems to be different.
D. Rubbish from daily life can not be thrown everywhere.
E. Some, such as dried pears, taste good right out of the packet.
F. Floating crumbs could get stuck in equipment or an astronaut's eye.
G. A strong flow of air is used instead of water to flush waste down the toilet.
【答案】36．E；37．B；38．A；39．F；40．G
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宇航员在外太空中吃东西、喝水和上卫生间等日常生活。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"So, many space foods are dried on Earth and stored in special packets."因此，许多太空食品在地球上干燥并储存在特殊的包装中。描述了脱水太空食物特点，E. Some, such as dried pears, taste good right out of the packet."有些，比如干梨，直接拿出来吃味道很好"与上文构成顺承关系，符合语境，故选E。
37．根据空前"On Earth, gravity is the force that keeps your feet on the ground and your sandwich on your plate."在地球上，地心引力是使你的脚保持在地面上，三明治保持在盘子里的力量。讲地球引力让食物呆在盘子里；以及空后"To keep food from floating(漂浮) away, astronauts on the Space Shuttle attach the packets to a special tray(托盘). "为了防止食物飘走，航天飞机上的宇航员将这些包裹装在一个特殊的托盘上。说太空中要用特殊托盘来防止食物飞走，两句有转折对比关系， B. But there's no gravity in space. "但是在太空中没有重力"说明原因，承上启下。故选B。
38．根据空后"So astronauts drink everything from a small bag with a straw(吸管) that can be closed."所以宇航员喝任何东西都用一个小袋子，里面有一根可以关闭的吸管，A. Liquids float right out of cups and glasses, though."不过，液体会直接从杯子和玻璃杯里浮出来"与之构成因果关系，符合语境，故选A。
39．根据空前"Astronauts eat tortillas instead of bread because they make fewer crumbs"宇航员吃玉米饼而不吃面包，因为玉米屑更少。F. Floating crumbs could get stuck in equipment or an astronaut's eye."漂浮的面包屑可能会卡在设备或宇航员的眼睛里"是宇航员不吃面包的进一步解释，符合语境，故选F。
40．根据空前"The toilet has bars that keep astronauts from floating away. "马桶上有栅栏，防止宇航员飘走，讲的是卫生间里的设施，G. A strong flow of air is used instead of water to flush waste down the toilet."用一股强劲的气流代替水将垃圾冲下厕所"承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
五、第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
（2024高一下·重庆市期末）完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
While I was waiting in line at a coffee shop earlier, a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter (踏板车). There was only a 41． space between the line of people and the tables, which she attempted to drive along. She drove over my foot and didn't 42． saying nothing at all.
I got annoyed and expected she would have 43． , but then I just decided to 44． it and got down to selecting which pastry (点心) to go with my coffee. The lady and I ended up sitting at adjacent (邻近的) tables. She was on the end of a row so that she could park her 45． . After about half an hour, when she had 46． her coffee, she got up and back onto her scooter. It wouldn't start. She tried to turn the key several times 47． she telephoned the place she purchased it from.
An engineer 48． within 5 minutes. The place must have been local. I couldn't resist overhearing their conversation, and it turned out she had just 49． the scooter that morning. This was her very first outing in it. She felt really 50． about driving it. Certainly, she wasn't used to its speed, nor its 51． , and this combination made it quite 52． to drive it through narrow gaps.
Suddenly, I felt 53． for the lady. It really didn't 54． me at all that she'd driven over my foot. I had made an assumption, however, that a person doing that should apologize.
Next time you're about to 55． someone, pause for a second and remind yourself that people have judged you without knowing what was going on in your mind or your life.
41．A． private B． vast C． public D． narrow
42．A． call back B． give up C． look back D． cheer up
43．A． ignored B． apologized C． explained D． forgiven
44．A． dismiss B． make C． deserve D． inspect
45．A． coffee B． pastry C． purse D． vehicle
46．A． poured B． finished C． ordered D． purchased
47．A． so B． until C． unless D． before
48．A． broke in B． turned up
C． ran away D． settled down
49．A． collected B． stolen C． fixed D． abandoned
50．A． concerned B． excited C． confident D． nervous
51．A． width B． length C． weight D． height
52．A． cool B． convenient C． stressful D． desperate
53．A． pleasure B． regret C． appreciation D． sympathy
54．A． strike B． bother C． satisfy D． motivate
55．A． judge B． hug C． persuade D． tease
【答案】41．D；42．C；43．B；44．A；45．D；46．B；47．D；48．B；49．A；50．D；51．A；52．C；53．D；54．B；55．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个发生在咖啡店的故事，作者在排队时被一位驾驶电动踏板车的女士不小心压到了脚，女士没有道歉。虽然起初作者感到恼火，但在女士的电动踏板车出现故障后，作者听到她们对话了解到女士是第一次使用电动踏板车，对她产生了同情。文章强调的是提醒人们在评判他人之前，应先了解他人的情况，不要急于作出判断。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：一行人和桌子之间只有一小段距离，她试图沿其行驶。A. private"私有的，私人的"；B. vast "广阔的"；C. public"公共的"；D. narrow"狭窄的"。根据空后"between the line of people and the tables, which she attempted to drive along"；以及下文"She drove over my foot""to drive it through narrow gaps"可知，在人群与桌子间只有一个非常狭窄的空间，才会压到作者的脚。故选D。
42．句意：她从我脚上碾过去，头也不回，一句话也没说。A. call back"回喊"；B. give up"放弃"；C. look back"回头看"；D. cheer up"打起精神，振作起来"。根据空后"saying nothing at all."可知，那个女人压到了作者的脚，但却没有回头，径直走了。故选C。
43．句意：我很生气，以为她会道歉，但后来我决定不理睬她，开始挑选配咖啡的糕点。A. ignored"忽视"；B. apologized"道歉"；C. explained"解释"；D. forgiven"原谅"。根据空前"expected she would have"可知，作者当时希望那个女人能向自己道歉。故选B。
44．句意：我很生气，以为她会道歉，但后来我决定不理睬她，开始挑选配咖啡的糕点。A. dismiss"解雇，搁置（忽视）"；B. make"做"；C. deserve"应受"；D. inspect"检查"。根据空后"got down to selecting which pastry (点心) to go with my coffee"可知，作者最后决定忽视掉这件小事，开始挑选配咖啡的糕点。故选A。
45．句意：她站在一排的最后，这样她就可以停车了。A. coffee"咖啡"；B. pastry"油酥糕点、点心"；C. purse"钱包"；D. vehicle"车辆"。根据上文"a woman drove alongside the queue in a mobility scooter ( 踏板车)"；以及空前"she could park"可知，这样她就可以停车了。故选D。
46．句意：大约半个小时后，当她喝完咖啡，她站起来，回到她的电动踏板车上。A. poured"倒入"；B. finished"完成"；C. ordered"预定"；D. purchased"购买"。根据空后"she got up and back onto her scooter"可知，大约半个小时后，当她喝完咖啡，她站起来，回到她的车上。故选B。
47．句意：它发动不了。她试着转动钥匙几次，然后打电话给她购买踏板车的地方。A. so"所以"；B. until"直到"；C. unless"除非"；D. before"在......之前"。根据空后"she telephoned the place she purchased it from"可知，在打电话给她购买踏板车的地方之前，她试着转动了几次钥匙。故选D。
48．句意：工程师不到5分钟就来了。A. broke in"打断"；B. turned up"出现"；C. ran away"跑开"；D. settled down"安定下来"。根据空前"An engineer"可知，一个工程师在5分钟之内就出现了。故选B。
49．句意：我忍不住偷听了他们的谈话，原来她那天早上才来取踏板车。A. collected"收集，领取"；B. stolen"偷"；C. fixed"修理"；D. abandoned"抛弃"。根据下文"This was her very first outing in it"可知，作者听到这个女人当天早上才买了这个踏板车，这是她第一次骑着它外出。故选A。
50．句意：她对驾驶它感到非常紧张。A. concerned"担心的，烦恼的"；B. excited"兴奋的，激动的"；C. confident"自信的"；D. nervous"不安的，紧张的"。根据上文"This was her very first outing in it"可知，这个女人是第一次骑这个车，感到很紧张。故选D。
51．句意：当然，她不习惯它的速度，也不习惯它的宽度，这种组合使得驾驶它通过狭窄的间隙非常紧张。A. width"宽度，广度"；B. length"长度"；C. weight"重量"；D. height"高度"。根据空前"she wasn't used to its speed"可知，这个女人对于这个车的速度和宽度都感到不安。故选A。
52．句意：当然，她不习惯它的速度，也不习惯它的宽度，这种组合使得驾驶它通过狭窄的间隙非常紧张。A. cool"凉爽的"；B. convenient"方便的"；C. stressful"有压力的"；D. desperate"拼命的，绝望的"。根据空后"to drive it through narrow gaps"可知，该位女士对电动脚踏车的速度以及宽度都不适应，所以使得驾驶它通过狭窄的间隙非常有压力。故选C。
53．句意：突然，我对这位女士产生了同情。A. pleasure"愉快"；B. regret"遗憾"；C. appreciation "欣赏"；D. sympathy"同情"。根据上文"This was her very first outing in it. She felt really 10 about driving it. Certainly, she wasn't used to its speed, nor its 11 , and this combination made it quite 12 to drive it through narrow gaps."可知，作者忍不住偷听了他们的谈话，原来她那天早上才来取踏板车，这个女人是第一次骑这个车，感到很紧张，所以她压到作者的脚，作者此时已经对这个女人感到同情和理解了。故选D。
54．句意：她开车从我脚上碾过，我真的一点也不烦扰了。A. strike"撞"；B. bother"烦扰"；C. satisfy"使满意"；D. motivate"使有动机，促动"。根据上文"Suddenly, I felt 13 for the lady."可知，作者已经对这个女人感到同情和理解了，因此作者此时觉得之前被那个女人压到脚的事已经不再困扰自己了。故选B。
55．句意：下次你要评价别人的时候，暂停一下，提醒自己人们在不了解你的思想或生活的情况下就对你进行了评价。A. judge"判断"；B. hug"拥抱"；C. persuade"说服"；D. tease"取笑，戏弄"。根据空后"someone, pause for a second and remind yourself that people have judged you without knowing what was going on in your mind or your life."可知，作者认为，当你要判断一个人时，应该先仔细思考地一下。故选A。
六、第二节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面的句子，在白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式填空。
56．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together into one 　 　(perform).
【答案】performance
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他灵感爆发，叫粉丝制作视频，他自己将视频整合成一个表演。空格处作介词into的宾语。 perform "表演，执行"，动词，其名词"表演"应为 performance ，且被数词one所修饰，应用可数名词单数。故填performance。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
57．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The 　 　 (roll) ball came to rest at the foot of the hill.
【答案】rolling
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：这个滚动的球在山脚下停住了。此处作定语修饰名词ball，且roll与ball构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填rolling。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作定语。
58．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The harvest festival takes place after all the crops have been 　 　(gather) in.
【答案】gathered
【知识点】动词的语态；现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：收获节是在所有的庄稼收割完毕后举行的。此处是谓语动词，gather与之间是被动关系，与have been构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填gathered。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在完成时的被动语态。
59．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）They consulted the Premier about his new plan for 　 　 (agricultural).
【答案】agriculture
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们就总理的农业新计划向他请教。此处名词作介词宾语。agricultural"农业的"形容词，其名词"农业"应用agriculture，不可数。故填agriculture。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
60．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The newly-married couple were satisfied to see the furniture 　 　 (tail) a few days ago.
【答案】tailored
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：新婚夫妇对几天前定制的家具感到满意。furniture与tailor之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，此处作后置定语。故填tailored。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作后置定语。
61．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The school doesn't allow us to leave school without the headteacher's 　 　(permit).
【答案】permission
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：没有校长的允许，学校不允许我们离开学校。此处名词作宾语。permit"允许"，动词，其名词"允许，许可"应用permission，不可数，作介词without的宾语。故填permission。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
62．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The scientist tries to find something more effective because the available drug is of 　 　(limit) value in treating cancer.
【答案】limited
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：科学家试图找到更有效的药物，因为现有的药物在治疗癌症方面价值有限。此处形容词作定语修饰名词value，意为"有限的"。故填limited。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
63．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）They got into a heated 　 　(argue) on whether to accept the invitation.
【答案】argument
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们就是否接受邀请展开了激烈的争论。此处名词作宾语， argue "争论"，动词，其名词"争论"应用 argument ，结合空前的不定冠词a，应用单数名词，故填argument。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
64．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）One should remain calm and think of ways 　 　(escape) when facing danger.
【答案】to escape
【知识点】作后置定语；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：当面临危险时，一个人应该保持冷静，想办法逃跑。此处不定式作后置定语，ways to do固定短语，"做某事的方法",故填to escape。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作后置定语以及固定短语ways to do。
65．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）People who can speak English are in the 　 　 (minor) in this country.
【答案】minority
【知识点】固定短语；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：会说英语的人在这个国家是少数。分析句子可知，冠词the后面应用名词，minority表"少数人"，为名词，在本句中作介词后宾语，in the minority固定短语"占少数"，故填minority。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语in the minority。
66．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）He was 　 　(reject) by the army because of his poor eyesight.
【答案】rejected
【知识点】动词的语态；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】。句意：由于视力不好，他被军队拒之门外。此处是谓语动词，根据by the army表示"被军队……"，可知应用动词的过去分词与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填rejected。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
67．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）The coach was extremely strict so that everyone was 　 　(scare) of him.
【答案】scared
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：教练非常严厉，每个人都怕他。此处形容词作表语。scare"使害怕"，动词，其形容词"害怕的"，修饰人，应用scared，故填scared。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
68．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）Built by Qin Shi Huang as a 　 　(defent) against the enemies for the North, today, the Great Wall is the symbol of China to the rest of the world.
【答案】defence/defense
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：秦始皇建造的长城是一道抵御北方敌人的防御工事。今天，长城是中国面向世界的象征。此处名词作宾语。 defend"防卫"，动词，其名词"防御工事"应用defence/defense，结合冠词a可知，用单数名词，故填defence/defense。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
69．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）Confucius believed in the so-called "golden rule" of 　 　(哲学): Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.
【答案】philosophy
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：孔子信奉所谓的哲学"黄金法则"：己所不欲，勿施于人。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词philosophy，不可数，作介词of的宾语，故填philosophy。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
70．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）She 　 　(以某种方法) learnt how to play the piano on her own when she was very young.
【答案】somehow
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：她不知怎地在很小的时候就开始自学弹钢琴了。根据句意和汉语提示，应用副词somehow，修饰谓语动词 learnt ，作状语。故填somehow。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
71．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）Rose felt honored to be chosen to 　 　(代表) her class to take part in the English Speech Contest.
【答案】represent
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：罗斯很荣幸被选为代表她的班级参加英语演讲比赛。根据句意和汉语提示，应用动词represent，与空前的to构成不定式结构，作补足语。故填represent。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作补足语。
72．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）If something is 　 　(宝贵的) to you, you regard it as important and do not want to lose it.
【答案】precious
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：如果某样东西对你来说是珍贵的，你就会认为它很重要，不想失去它。根据句意和汉语提示，应用形容词precious，此处作表语，故填precious。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作表语。
73．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）People in this 　 　(地区) all praised the government's decision to close the chemical factory.
【答案】district
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这个地区的人们都赞扬了政府关闭化工厂的决定。根据句意和中文提示可知，应用district，为可数名词，由this可知，这里应用单数形式作介词后宾语。故填district。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
74．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）He told me the 　 　 (步骤) was simple, but I couldn't make it.
【答案】procedure
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他告诉我步骤很简单，但我做不到。根据句意和中文提示可知，应用procedure，为可数名词，且由空后was可知，应用单数形式作主语。故填procedure。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作主语。
75．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）Honesty is an important 　 　 (要素) of his achieving great success in business.
【答案】.element
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：诚实是他在事业上取得巨大成功的一个重要因素。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词element，作表语。结合空前的an可知用单数名词，故填element。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
七、第四部分 书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分）
76．（2024高一下·重庆市期末）假定你是李华。最近你班举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，给校报用英语写一篇文章，客观地介绍讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。
一些同学赞同 一些同学反对 你自己的观点
获得新的知识 耗资巨大 　
从太空取得 新资源 宇航员的 安全问题
扩大人类的 生存空间 　
注意：1)词数100词左右；2)标题与开头已写好，不计入总词数。
提示：astronaut宇航员； resource资源
Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO
We had an argument over whether it was necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day.
【答案】Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO We had an argument over whether it was necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day.
①Some of us think it important to research the outer space because, first of all, people can get a better understanding of the outer space through their exploration. Second, new resources can be found there for human use. Third, this exploration can possibly bring about new living space for human life.
However, others think very differently. ② They said this kind of exploration is much too costly. Besides, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.
In my opinion, people should be pioneering and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇文章，客观地介绍讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。写作背景： 最近你班举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。写作要点以表格的形式给出，属于提纲类作文。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Some of us think it important to research the outer space because, 运用了宾语从句，it作形式主语；Second, new resources can be found there for human use. 运用了被动语态；They said this kind of exploration is much too costly. 运用了宾语从句；Besides, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.运用了it作形式主语；In my opinion, people should be pioneering and therefore such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.运用了并列句。
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