2025届高三英语二轮复习阅读理解专题2 推理判断精讲课件（共22张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2025届高三英语二轮复习阅读理解专题2 推理判断精讲课件（共22张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-07-22 11:42:20 | ||
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(共22张PPT)
高考英语阅读理解推理判断小专题
阅读理解分类分项2
理解深层阅读推理判断题的特点；
快速依据题干设问断定推理判断题；
掌握推断题分类及突破方法；
掌握推断题特殊情况
Step 1. 课前理解
例1. 阅读材料后，抄写选项重点，判断符合推理判断项。
The next morning, it’s 9:00. Lucy rushed out of the room and hurried to school. To his surprise, she found Tom’s English book lying in the middle of the road.
A. Lucy went to school in a hurry.
B. Tom lost his English book.
C. Tom was careless.
D. Lucy was late for school.
E. Lucy felt surprised when she saw Tom’s English book.
F. The author thought Tom a careless boy.
G. Lucy would return the book to Tom.
went to school/ 细节事实
lost his book/ 细节事实
careless/ 推断：隐含信息
late/ 推断：隐含信息
felt surprised/ 推断：喜态立
a careless boy/ 推断：喜态立
return the book to Tom/ 推断：文章下文
Step 1. 课前理解
例2. 翻译下列问题，抄写选项重点，并从task 1中选择合适选项。
1.What can we infer about Lucy
2.What can learn about Tom
3.What did Lucy feel when she found the book
4.What was the author’s opinion on Tom
5.What’s the event mainly about following this passage
infer about Lucy/ C
learn about Tom/ D
Lucy feel when she found the book/ E
the author's opinion on Tom/ F
mainly about following this passage/ G
例3. 隐含 VS细节
34. ( )Why did Dad clean Old Man Mocolgin’s chicken house regularly
A. To earn some money for the family.
B. To collect manure for his crops.
C. To get rid of the terrible smell.
D. To set a good example to us.
B
例3. 隐含 VS细节
35. ( )What can we infer about Dad’s stew
A. It is popular among the neighbors.
B. It contains honey and vegetables.
C. It looks very wonderful.
D. It tastes quite delicious.
37. ( )What can we learn about Dad form the text
A. He is an experienced cook.
B. He is a troublesome father.
C. He has a positive attitude to life.
D. He suffers a lot from his disability.
D
C
例4. 推断：隐含信息
In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in September 1, 1914.
● ( )What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan
A. It was ignored by the public. B. It was declared too late.
C. It was unfair. D. It was strict.
B
例5. 理解喜好、立场和态度题型突破思路
The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part- particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold- weather root vegetables- was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.
24. ( )What did the author think of her winter life in New York
A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. D. Annoying.
B
例5. 理解喜好、立场和态度题型突破思路
①表示支持或肯定的词语
positive积极的，乐观的；supportive支持的；
optimistic乐观的；enthusiastic热情的； pleasant愉快的等。
②表示中立的词语
indifferent不感兴趣的，漠不关心的，中立的；uninterested不感兴趣的；neutral中立的；subjective主观的； objective客观的等。
③表示反对或否定的词语
disgusted憎恶的，厌恶的；critical批评的；negative否定的，消极的；suspicious怀疑的；disappointed失望的；ironic讽刺的等。
④表示情感的词语
bitter令人不快的；emotional情绪激动的；angry气愤的等。
例6. 明确写作手法 & 写作小目的题型
“Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you ” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said.
● ( )The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to ______.
A. test the readers’ knowledge about waves
B. draw the readers’ attention to the topic
C. show Jamie Taylor’s importance
D. invite the readers to answer them
B
例7. 明确文章体裁和主要内容 & 全文目的
ADDIS, Ethiopia —— One of the world's most famous fossils (化石) - the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton ( 骨骼 ) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 —— will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday. Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice.
The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital…
A team from the Museum of National Service in to U.S. tour. Texas spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.
● ( )The author writes this text mainly to _______.
A. introduce a few U.S. museums B. describe some research work
C. discuss the value of an ape-man D. report a coming event
D
例8. purpose & 细节事实题
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
26. ( )The purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
A
例9. 首段写作手法和主要内容 & 文章出处
Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed ” Read the following directions and see if you understand them.
To reduce pain, take two tablets with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.
For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount . For children under six years old, ask your doctor’s advice.
Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.
● ( )This text is most probably taken from a ______.
A. Textbook B. newsreel C. doctor’s notebook D. bottle of medicine
A
例10. 首尾句和作者行文思路 & 上下文内容
When early humans hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of their environment. They could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did. When humans learned to make fire, however, they became capable of altering their environment. To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees, causing the trees to die. Clearings were burned in forests to increase the growth of grass and to provide a greater grazing area for the wild animals that humans fed upon. This development led to farming and the domestication of animals. Fire also provided the means for cooking plants which had previously been inedible. Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities.
● ( )The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about _____.
A. fire B. hunting C. farming D. urbanization
D
例11. 主要内容 & 作者观点
Can you trust your very first childhood memories Maybe not, a new study suggests.
Past researches show that people’s earliest memories typically form around 3 to 3.5 years of age. But in a recent…… These first memories are likely false, the researchers said. This was particularly the case for middle-aged and older adults.
For the study, researchers asked participants to describe their first memory and the age at which it occurred. ……
As many of these memories dated before the age of 2, ......
“We suggest that what a rememberer has in mind when recalling fictional early memories is.....”
“Importantly, the person remembering them doesn’t know this is fictional,” study co-author Martin Conway said. “In fact, when people are told that their memories are false they often don’t believe it.”
1. ( )In the passage, the author thinks _____________.
A. Memories form after the age of 3. B. Participants are good at telling stories.
C. Adults are likely to form false memories. D. Earliest memories may play a trick on us.
D
例12. 作者行文思路 & 文章结构题
例12. 作者行文思路 & 文章结构题
In the mid1700s, a Frenchman came up with a new design of road — a base layer (层) of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones. A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong, lasting road surface became a reality. At around the same time, metal hubs (the central part of a wheel)came into being, followed by the pneumatic tyre (充气轮胎) in1846. Alloy wheels were invented in 1967, sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads(柏油路).As wheel design took off, vehicles got faster and faster.
66. ( ) How is the last paragraph mainly developed
A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By following time order. D. By making classifications.
C
例13. 作者行文思路 & 文章结构题
(1) 按事情发展的顺序； (2) 按时间的先后顺序；(3) 按地点或空间位置的变换； (4) 按内容的总分关系； (5) 按人物的活动内容。
例14. 填写推断题判定和突破方法
分类 判定 突破方法
隐含信息
作者喜态立
写作目的 手法目的：
全文目的：
细节目的：
文章出处
上下文内容
作者观点
篇章结构
特殊动词
infer/ learn/ know/ imply about…
认怎样，态度，看法
What…think of/ How…find/ opinion/ attitude
首段/举例/数字/结尾
purpose/ intention/ intend to/ why…
为什么/目的（文章）
为什么/目的（细节）
出自/来自
Where…come from/ find
(上文/下文）主要是
What…...following / above the passage
作者认为/强调
suggest/ think/ imply…
怎样展开/按什么顺序
develop/ structure/ order
例14. 填写推断题判定和突破方法
分类 判定 突破方法
隐含信息
作者喜态立
写作目的 手法目的：
全文目的：
细节目的：
文章出处
上下文内容
作者观点
篇章结构
特殊动词
定位 → 查找 → 表明了
认怎样，态度，看法
定位 → 查找 → 表明了
首段/举例/数字/结尾
作者写作手法和技巧
为什么/目的（文章）
为什么/目的（细节）
出自/来自
文章开头写作技巧 + 文章内容
(上文/下文）主要是
首尾2句 + 写作思路
作者认为/强调
主要内容
怎样展开/按什么顺序
作者写作思路
文章体裁 + 文章内容
定位 → 查找 → 比对
例15. 读下列问题，辨别题型，理清突破思路
1． We can infer/ learn from the experience in the exhibition
2． It can be inferred//seen /suggested from the law passed in 1918
3． Which of the following reflects the author’s opinion
4． The writer of the passage seems to think / suggest/ imply that
5． What’s the author’s attitude towards/opinion on
6． What did the author think of the tomato
7． How did the author find the work in the big company
8． The author uses the questions in the first paragraph to .
例15. 读下列问题，辨别题型，理清突破思路
9． Why did the author mention the items in paragraph 4
10． The intention to use some numbers in the third paragraph is to
11． The passage is probably written/intended for
12． What is the main purpose of the text
13． This passage/text would most likely be found in/taken from
14． Where does this text probably come from
15． What type of writing is this text
16． Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text
17． The author develops the text by...
高考英语阅读理解推理判断小专题
阅读理解分类分项2
理解深层阅读推理判断题的特点；
快速依据题干设问断定推理判断题；
掌握推断题分类及突破方法；
掌握推断题特殊情况
Step 1. 课前理解
例1. 阅读材料后，抄写选项重点，判断符合推理判断项。
The next morning, it’s 9:00. Lucy rushed out of the room and hurried to school. To his surprise, she found Tom’s English book lying in the middle of the road.
A. Lucy went to school in a hurry.
B. Tom lost his English book.
C. Tom was careless.
D. Lucy was late for school.
E. Lucy felt surprised when she saw Tom’s English book.
F. The author thought Tom a careless boy.
G. Lucy would return the book to Tom.
went to school/ 细节事实
lost his book/ 细节事实
careless/ 推断：隐含信息
late/ 推断：隐含信息
felt surprised/ 推断：喜态立
a careless boy/ 推断：喜态立
return the book to Tom/ 推断：文章下文
Step 1. 课前理解
例2. 翻译下列问题，抄写选项重点，并从task 1中选择合适选项。
1.What can we infer about Lucy
2.What can learn about Tom
3.What did Lucy feel when she found the book
4.What was the author’s opinion on Tom
5.What’s the event mainly about following this passage
infer about Lucy/ C
learn about Tom/ D
Lucy feel when she found the book/ E
the author's opinion on Tom/ F
mainly about following this passage/ G
例3. 隐含 VS细节
34. ( )Why did Dad clean Old Man Mocolgin’s chicken house regularly
A. To earn some money for the family.
B. To collect manure for his crops.
C. To get rid of the terrible smell.
D. To set a good example to us.
B
例3. 隐含 VS细节
35. ( )What can we infer about Dad’s stew
A. It is popular among the neighbors.
B. It contains honey and vegetables.
C. It looks very wonderful.
D. It tastes quite delicious.
37. ( )What can we learn about Dad form the text
A. He is an experienced cook.
B. He is a troublesome father.
C. He has a positive attitude to life.
D. He suffers a lot from his disability.
D
C
例4. 推断：隐含信息
In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in September 1, 1914.
● ( )What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan
A. It was ignored by the public. B. It was declared too late.
C. It was unfair. D. It was strict.
B
例5. 理解喜好、立场和态度题型突破思路
The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part- particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold- weather root vegetables- was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.
24. ( )What did the author think of her winter life in New York
A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. D. Annoying.
B
例5. 理解喜好、立场和态度题型突破思路
①表示支持或肯定的词语
positive积极的，乐观的；supportive支持的；
optimistic乐观的；enthusiastic热情的； pleasant愉快的等。
②表示中立的词语
indifferent不感兴趣的，漠不关心的，中立的；uninterested不感兴趣的；neutral中立的；subjective主观的； objective客观的等。
③表示反对或否定的词语
disgusted憎恶的，厌恶的；critical批评的；negative否定的，消极的；suspicious怀疑的；disappointed失望的；ironic讽刺的等。
④表示情感的词语
bitter令人不快的；emotional情绪激动的；angry气愤的等。
例6. 明确写作手法 & 写作小目的题型
“Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you ” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said.
● ( )The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to ______.
A. test the readers’ knowledge about waves
B. draw the readers’ attention to the topic
C. show Jamie Taylor’s importance
D. invite the readers to answer them
B
例7. 明确文章体裁和主要内容 & 全文目的
ADDIS, Ethiopia —— One of the world's most famous fossils (化石) - the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton ( 骨骼 ) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 —— will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday. Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice.
The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital…
A team from the Museum of National Service in to U.S. tour. Texas spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.
● ( )The author writes this text mainly to _______.
A. introduce a few U.S. museums B. describe some research work
C. discuss the value of an ape-man D. report a coming event
D
例8. purpose & 细节事实题
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
26. ( )The purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
A
例9. 首段写作手法和主要内容 & 文章出处
Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed ” Read the following directions and see if you understand them.
To reduce pain, take two tablets with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.
For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount . For children under six years old, ask your doctor’s advice.
Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.
● ( )This text is most probably taken from a ______.
A. Textbook B. newsreel C. doctor’s notebook D. bottle of medicine
A
例10. 首尾句和作者行文思路 & 上下文内容
When early humans hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of their environment. They could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did. When humans learned to make fire, however, they became capable of altering their environment. To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees, causing the trees to die. Clearings were burned in forests to increase the growth of grass and to provide a greater grazing area for the wild animals that humans fed upon. This development led to farming and the domestication of animals. Fire also provided the means for cooking plants which had previously been inedible. Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities.
● ( )The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about _____.
A. fire B. hunting C. farming D. urbanization
D
例11. 主要内容 & 作者观点
Can you trust your very first childhood memories Maybe not, a new study suggests.
Past researches show that people’s earliest memories typically form around 3 to 3.5 years of age. But in a recent…… These first memories are likely false, the researchers said. This was particularly the case for middle-aged and older adults.
For the study, researchers asked participants to describe their first memory and the age at which it occurred. ……
As many of these memories dated before the age of 2, ......
“We suggest that what a rememberer has in mind when recalling fictional early memories is.....”
“Importantly, the person remembering them doesn’t know this is fictional,” study co-author Martin Conway said. “In fact, when people are told that their memories are false they often don’t believe it.”
1. ( )In the passage, the author thinks _____________.
A. Memories form after the age of 3. B. Participants are good at telling stories.
C. Adults are likely to form false memories. D. Earliest memories may play a trick on us.
D
例12. 作者行文思路 & 文章结构题
例12. 作者行文思路 & 文章结构题
In the mid1700s, a Frenchman came up with a new design of road — a base layer (层) of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones. A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong, lasting road surface became a reality. At around the same time, metal hubs (the central part of a wheel)came into being, followed by the pneumatic tyre (充气轮胎) in1846. Alloy wheels were invented in 1967, sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads(柏油路).As wheel design took off, vehicles got faster and faster.
66. ( ) How is the last paragraph mainly developed
A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By following time order. D. By making classifications.
C
例13. 作者行文思路 & 文章结构题
(1) 按事情发展的顺序； (2) 按时间的先后顺序；(3) 按地点或空间位置的变换； (4) 按内容的总分关系； (5) 按人物的活动内容。
例14. 填写推断题判定和突破方法
分类 判定 突破方法
隐含信息
作者喜态立
写作目的 手法目的：
全文目的：
细节目的：
文章出处
上下文内容
作者观点
篇章结构
特殊动词
infer/ learn/ know/ imply about…
认怎样，态度，看法
What…think of/ How…find/ opinion/ attitude
首段/举例/数字/结尾
purpose/ intention/ intend to/ why…
为什么/目的（文章）
为什么/目的（细节）
出自/来自
Where…come from/ find
(上文/下文）主要是
What…...following / above the passage
作者认为/强调
suggest/ think/ imply…
怎样展开/按什么顺序
develop/ structure/ order
例14. 填写推断题判定和突破方法
分类 判定 突破方法
隐含信息
作者喜态立
写作目的 手法目的：
全文目的：
细节目的：
文章出处
上下文内容
作者观点
篇章结构
特殊动词
定位 → 查找 → 表明了
认怎样，态度，看法
定位 → 查找 → 表明了
首段/举例/数字/结尾
作者写作手法和技巧
为什么/目的（文章）
为什么/目的（细节）
出自/来自
文章开头写作技巧 + 文章内容
(上文/下文）主要是
首尾2句 + 写作思路
作者认为/强调
主要内容
怎样展开/按什么顺序
作者写作思路
文章体裁 + 文章内容
定位 → 查找 → 比对
例15. 读下列问题，辨别题型，理清突破思路
1． We can infer/ learn from the experience in the exhibition
2． It can be inferred//seen /suggested from the law passed in 1918
3． Which of the following reflects the author’s opinion
4． The writer of the passage seems to think / suggest/ imply that
5． What’s the author’s attitude towards/opinion on
6． What did the author think of the tomato
7． How did the author find the work in the big company
8． The author uses the questions in the first paragraph to .
例15. 读下列问题，辨别题型，理清突破思路
9． Why did the author mention the items in paragraph 4
10． The intention to use some numbers in the third paragraph is to
11． The passage is probably written/intended for
12． What is the main purpose of the text
13． This passage/text would most likely be found in/taken from
14． Where does this text probably come from
15． What type of writing is this text
16． Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text
17． The author develops the text by...