江苏省南京市鼓楼区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 江苏省南京市鼓楼区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-07-23 14:35:35 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2023-2024学年第二学期期末试卷
八年级（下）英语
考试时间：100分钟满分：100分（将答案按序号填在答题卡上）
选择题（共50分）
一、听力(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
略
二单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)
请认真阅读下列各题, 从题中所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．—Volunteering helps you see that you are needed．
—I agree．It also gives you a sense of ________ in life.
A．pity B．pain C．practice D．purpose
2．—Will you come to my birthday party this Saturday, Helen
—Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t．_________, thanks for your invitation．
A．Otherwise B．Anyway C．Moreover D．However
3．Some people say the Internet brings us __________ while others think it brings more loneliness.
A．close B．closely C．closer D．more closely
4．—I’m going to France next month．Could you give me some advice
—Do as the Romans do．You’ll know how to ________ yourself by following local people.
A．behave B．develop C．treat D．support
5．Mr．Green, sorry to _________ on you, but there are one or two things I don’t understand.
A．cut in B．cut off C．cut out D．cut down
6．Paris 2024 Olympic Games _________ between July 26 and August 11.
A．hold B．are held C．will hold D．will be held
7．—Linda, your new hat looks really nice on you．How long _______ it
—Oh, thanks．I just bought it last week.
A．have you bought B．have you had C．did you buy D．did you have
8．Look at the text message．Julia wants Kira to ________.
Kira I’ve been waiting for you at the school dining hall for 20 minutes—where are you They’ll stop offering food soon and l want to make sure we have lunch! Julia
A．wait for her at the school dining hall
B．come to the dining hall in 20 minutes
C．hurry to the dining hall to have lunch
D．take her lunch to the dining hall quickly
9．—Meg, I hear you will move house next week．I will come to help．
—Just be there on moving day．_________________.
A．Practice makes perfect B．Every dog has its day
C．Actions speak louder than words D．The early bird catches the worm
10．—Would you mind showing me how to use the computer to find a book in the library
—_______________．Just enter key words and click on the “Search” icon.
A．Not at all B．Never mind C．Don’t worry D．No thanks
三、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Liam Garner has wanted to go on a crazy adventure (探险) for years．The boy had some______with long-distance biking．He once rode 750 kilometres from Los Angeles to San Francisco．He thought he could easily bike from Prudhoe Bay to Ushuaia．So, as soon as he completed his studies from high school, Garner began______his adventure．
On August 1, 2021, Garner, then 17, began his journey．He didn’t bike together with others, and he made his own route (路线) as he biked ______．Garner would ride through Mexico, Colombia, Peru, Argentina and ten other countries．He was______ surprised by El Salvador．The boy called it as “one of the most peaceful countries in the world”．
______the trip was full of unforgettable highs, Garner also experienced some terrible lows．He was robbed (抢劫) at least five different times．He met hot weather when he was in Mexico．“It was over 40℃ every day,” he says．“I was only able to bike for a few minutes before having to stop and ______.” Yet the boy faced an even more serious difficulty while he was riding through Colombia．He fell off his bike, hit his head and had to spend a month in the______.
Garner first began biking because he didn’t have a car．But now, he believes it is the best way to travel．“Since you go______, you have the chances to smell things and to touch things,” he says．“You’ll develop a special______for the little towns along the way.”
Garner arrived in Ushuaia on 10 January．______the course of 527 days, he biked 32,000 kilometres．The man is now on his way back home．When he gets home, he hopes to write a book about his journey．He hopes his ride will encourage others to start out on their own adventure.
11．A．experience B．exercise C．trouble D．background
12．A．waiting for B．paying for C．looking for D．preparing for
13．A．by B．away C．along D．through
14．A．exactly B．especially C．recently D．finally
15．A．While B．Because C．If D．When
16．A．eat B．drink C．rest D．hide
17．A．hotel B．tent C．hospital D．town
18．A．slowly B．fast C．near D．far
19．A．joy B．love C．hobby D．interest
20．A．From B．After C．Since D．Over
四、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题1 分, 满分15分)
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Mini-dictionary: 1．valley /'v li/n．峡谷 2．mine/main/n．矿井 3．cabin/'k bin/n．小木屋 4．destroy / d str /v．破坏
21．Bodie started to become a ghost town in _________.
A．1876 B．1892 C．1932 D．1942
22．Why did the last mine in Bodie close
A．Because two fires destroyed the town.
B．Because it was turned into a historic park.
C．Because they didn't find gold or silver there.
D．Because they wanted to protect the environment.
23．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Bodie is a town on the top of Bodie Hills.
B．We can’t find the map of Bodie on the website.
C．There are no buildings left except the miner’s cabin.
D．Visitors can learn about gold-mining history in Bodie.
B
Greg Mortenson is an adventurer who once loved to climb mountains．Born in 1957, he grew up on the slopes of Mt．Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, Africa．After his sister Christa died in 1992, he decided to try climbing Pakistan’s K2, the second-highest mountain in the world, in her memory．Although Mount Qomolangma is higher, K2 is thought to be more difficult and dangerous to climb．When he tried to climb the mountain in 1993, snow, ice, and bad weather made Mortenson turn back．
Mortenson recovered from frostbite and tiredness in a Pakistan village of Korphe．There he saw a group of children writing in the dirt with sticks．He learned that they had no pens or pencils, no books—not even a school or a teacher．Mortenson planned to build them a school．But at that moment he had no idea how he would make it．
It took years to raise the money to build the school．Some American schoolchildren also donated their pocket money to Mortenson’s project．Mortenson even sold his personal things to raise money．The Korphe School was finished in 1996．
Since then, Mortenson has built more than 75 schools in Pakistan and Afghanistan．His schools educate both boys and girls in an area where schooling for girls is very rare．Mortenson’s goal is to use education to bring peace into this often dangerous area．
Mini-dictionary: 1.slope /sl up/n.斜坡 2.recover /r 'k v (r)/ v．恢复 3.frostbite /'fr stba t / n.冻伤 4.peace /pi:s/ n.和平
24．What can we learn from the passage
A．Mortenson’s sister died when he tried to climb K2.
B．Mortenson broke his leg while he was climbing K2.
C．Mortenson gave up climbing K2 because of bad weather.
D．K2 is as difficult and dangerous to climb as Mount Qomolangma.
25．What words can best tell about Mortenson
A．Brave and careful. B．Honest and friendly.
C．Hard-working and patient. D．Generous and helpful.
26．How did the village of Korphe change Mortenson’s life
A．It pushed him to become a school teacher.
B．It led him to build schools for local children.
C．It gave him the confidence to climb K2 again.
D．It made him work for girls’ education in that area.
C
In the 1920s, wheat farmers on the Great Plains(大平原) were making a lot of money．This made many other people want to be farmers, too．But no one tried to stop the farmers from plowing almost all the land and cutting down most of the trees．
Still, everything was fine until 1931．This was the beginning of a terrible drought—a long period without rain．The beautiful wheat fields dried up, and the crops died．Then there were no plants to keep the soil in place．All that was left was bare, ugly, dry dirt．
Then the wind started to blow．With no trees to prevent it, the wind gathered up the soil into huge black clouds that travelled for miles．These clouds were called dust storms, and it was impossible for people to get away from them．Dirt is collected in people’s houses．It fell into their food．It got into their noses, mouths, and eyes．People wore masks, but the dust still clogged their lungs, causing many people to get sick．The dust even fell very high in a few places．Everything was buried in the dust, and farm animals died without food．The serious storms punished everyone and everything．The Great Plains became known as the Dust Bowl．
This was the worst natural disaster ever to hit the United States．But some people believed the farmers deserved what happened to them because they did not care for the soil．They said the disaster could be prevented if the farmers were wiser and more careful．
Mini-dictionary: 1．plow /pla /v．耕 2．bare /be (r)/adj．荒芜的 3．clog/kl g/v．堵塞 4．lung /l /n．肺 5．bury/'beri/v．掩埋 6．deserve /di'z :v/v．应得
27．Where may this article come from
A．A news report. B．A tour guide.
C．An environmental report. D．A biology magazine.
28．How was a dust storm formed on the Great Plains
a．Crops died and there was no plant to keep the soil．
b．A terrible drought happened and fields dried up．
c．Most of the trees on the plains were cut down．
d．Wind blew and gathered up the soil into black clouds．
A．b-c-a-d B．b-a-c-d C．c-b-a-d D．c-a-b-d
29．Which of the following isn’t the result of the dust storm
A．Many people got sick. B．The fields were polluted.
C．Animals died without food. D．The Plain became a dust bowl.
30．Which of the following is an opinion about the dust storm
A．This was the worst natural disaster.
B．The dust still clogged their lungs.
C．Huge black clouds travelled for miles.
D．Dirt collected in people’s houses.
D
My name is Joseph Davranche．My family was a poor one from Havre．My father worked hard, came home late from the office, and made very little money．
We had to save money on everything．My two sisters made their own dresses．And if I lost my buttons or tore a hole in my trousers, my mother would be very angry．
Every Sunday, dressed in our best, we would take our walk along the breakwater．When the big ships were returning from faraway countries, my father would always say the same words, “What a surprise it would be if Jules were on that one! Eh ”
My Uncle Jules was the only hope of my family, after being its only fear．I have heard about him since childhood．It seems that he carelessly spent “a little” money．That action, in a poor family, is one of the greatest crimes．
Well, Uncle Jules spent all of the money that should go to my father, after he had used up all of his own money．Then, he shipped off to America．
Soon after, my uncle wrote that he was making a little money．He hoped he could make up for the harm he had done to my father．This letter stirred up a deep and strong feeling in the family．Jules, someone not worth his salt until then, suddenly became a good man, a kind-hearted fellow, a true and honest Davranche．
Two years later a second letter came, saying, “My dear brother, I am writing to tell you not to worry about my health, which is excellent．Business is good．I may be away for several years in South America．If I shouldn’t write, don’t worry．When I became rich, I shall return to Havre．I hope that it will not be too long and that we shall all live happily together...”
This letter became the gospel of my family．It was read when it was possible, and it was shown to everybody．
For ten years we heard nothing from Uncle Jules, but as time went on, my father’s hope grew, and my mother, also, often said, “Once that good Jules returns, our life will be different．There is one who knew how to get along!”
(To be continued)
Mini-dictionary 1．tear /te (r)/ v．(tore, torn) 扯破, 撕裂 2．breakwater /'breikw :t (r)/ n．防波堤 3．stir /st :(r)/ up 激起 4．crime /kraim/ n．罪过 5．worth /w θ/ v．值……钱 6．gospel /'ɡ spl / n．福音书
31．How does the writer show that “We had to save money on everything”
A．By telling stories. B．By giving examples.
C．By introducing the main idea. D．By making a list of reasons.
32．The writer’s family expected Uncle Jules to come back home because _____________.
A．they were deeply worried about Uncle Jules
B．they always got along well with Uncle Jules
C．they hoped Uncle Jules could live with them
D．they hoped Uncle Jules came back with money
33．Why did the family show the letter to everybody
A．To tell others Jules missed the family.
B．To tell others Jules was in South America.
C．To tell others Jules was a kind-hearted man.
D．To tell others their life would become better.
34．What does “someone not worth his salt” mean
A．Someone who is lazy. B．Someone who is poor.
C．Someone who is homeless. D．Someone who is useless.
35．What can we know about Uncle Jules according to the passage
A．Uncle Jules left for America to do business.
B．Uncle Jules used to be the fear of the family.
C．Uncle Jules sent the family quite a lot of money.
D．Uncle Jules had been away from home for 10 years.
非选择题(共50分)
五、语言基础知识(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
A) 请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词, 使句子意思完整正确, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51—55的相应横线上。
36．Dad, why not put the piano______ (紧靠) the wall in the living room
37．It’s important for us to take action to______ (避免) the risk of fire.
38．My father often tells me that life is not______ (有意义的) without study and work.
39．It’s necessary to prevent the______ (扩散) of personal information on the Internet.
40．My secret of success is to work hard and plan my time______ (智慧地).
B) 请根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—60的相应横线上。
41．When people are queuing for a meal, it’s______ (polite) to try to push in.
42．Lisa loved dancing as a child and received______ (train) at the age of six.
43．There’s a big______ (different) between knowing something is true and telling why it is true.
44．I must leave because my parents won’t allow me______ (stay) out late at night.
45．Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will______ (punish).
C) 请根据要求完成下列各题, 每空一词, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为61—65的相应横线上。
46．We can save water by taking shorter showers．(对划线部分提问)
____________we save water
47．Annie doesn’t have money to go on vacation this summer．(改为同义句)
Annie can’t ____________ go on vacation this summer.
48．Jason isn’t brave enough to join the discussion．(改为同义句)
Jason is ______ shy ______join the discussion.
49．Sue greets me with a smile．She is friendly．(合并为一句)
It’s friendly ______Sue ______ greet me with a smile.
50．The film Be My Friend started ten minutes ago．(改为同义句)
The film Be My Friend has ____________for ten minutes.
请根据短文内容，从下面方框中所给的六个选项里选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并将句子序号填写在答题卡标号为1—5的相应横线上。
OpenAI has once again surprised the world with its latest AI tool, Sora． 51 Just give it some text instructions, like “a Chinese New Year celebration”, and you’ll get a video that matches the description．Many people worry that the tool will put many filmmakers out of business．
52 Many people are afraid that industries (产业) such as translation, teaching and design will all disappear (消失)．It seems we can use AI to do anything．
Does that mean we no longer need to work hard to learn knowledge and skills ourselves Well, the answer is “No!” Even in the age of AI, knowledge is still power． 53 AI knows a lot, but for now at least, it needs instructions．In other words, you must communicate with it．
You also need to exercise your imagination (想象力) more actively．Take the Chinese New Year celebration video in Paragraph 1 for example． 54 You need to describe your instructions with more details, such as time, places and persons．
55 After an AI tool gives you an answer, you need to decide if all the information is correct by yourself．To do this, you need at least some basic knowledge about the subjects．
If you think AI gives you a chance of being lazy, it’s time to stop daydreaming．Work harder on your studies, and you’ll be better prepared to work with AI.
A．You can’t depend on Sora for everything.
B．And remember that AI can make mistakes.
C．In fact, AI may need you to learn more.
D．With Sora, we can make better videos in the future.
E．It can make videos up to one minute long.
F．Similar worries have been heard since ChatGPT was used.
七、阅读填空(共20小题；每小题1分, 满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中第1—10小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应横线上。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Have you ever read Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Or James and the Giant Peach If you have, you are one of thousands of children who have read stories by Roald Dahl．
Mr．Dahl is one of the most-read writers of children’s books．Many of his stories have been made into movies, like Fantastic Mr．Fox and The BFG．His book Matilda has been made into a musical play．And it is not just children who like his works．Adults do too．
Mr．Dahl had a very interesting life．He was born in 1916．After he finished school in England, he lived in many different places such as Newfoundland, Tanzania, Africa, and Washington, DC．He was a fighter pilot (战斗机飞行员) in World War Ⅱ．He wrote stories for adults．Many of these were published in magazines．But he is best known for his children’s stories．
Maybe Mr．Dahl’s mother was one of the reasons he became a writer of children’s books．She told him and his sisters stories when they were young．He enjoyed the stories about giants and other strange living things．When he was older, he loved adventure stories．
Mr．Dahl started to write his famous books for children after he had children of his own．He used to tell his children stories, just like his mother did with him．Then he started to write them．He thought that he was good at writing these stories because he could see the world through children’s eyes．
Dahl once said, “Those who do not believe in magic will never find it.” Maybe that is why people love his works so much．His stories are full of magic, and we want to believe in magic．Mr．Dahl died in 1990, but his stories will live forever．
Roald Dahl—a famous children’s 56
His life 57 He was born in 1916. He liked stories about strange livings things at an 58 age. After 59 school, he travelled to lots of places. He was a pilot in World War II and he wrote stories for adults. He didn’t write children’s books 60 he had his own children.
His books His books are very 61 among children． Many of them have been made into movies or musical plays． 62 children and adults like his works．
His 63 64 you want to write good children’s stories, you should see the world through children’s eyes. Stories should keep readers 65 . Those who do not believe in magic will never find it．
请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1~10的相应位置上。
For thousands of years, the Chinese people have had a deep respect (尊敬) for Loong, the Chinese dragon．In China, you’ll find pictures of dragons almost e 66 especially in palaces and temples．Some of them are more than 3, 500 years old．
Many Chinese artists have tried their hand at painting the dragon．Chen Rong, a great painter in the Southern Song Dynasty, was among t 67 ．His Nine Dragons is one of the greatest paintings of the Chinese dragon．
Chen Rong was born in Fujian in 1200．He once w 68 for the government in Hangzhou．As an officer, he wasn’t very s 69 ．However, he achieved a great success in poetry, calligraphy (书法) and painting．
It was said that Chen Rong u 70 to paint after drinking a lot of wine．After getting drunk, he would shout loudly, put his scarf in ink and pour the ink madly on paper．After that, he would use b 71 to finish his work．His words on Nine Dragons show that he finished it when he was completely drunk．
The painting Nine Dragons d 72 nine dragons rolling, swimming and dancing among clouds, waves, fires and cliffs．It shows Chen’s great sadness in his life and his great s 73 in brush work．
Nine Dragons was once treasured at court (宫廷), the Qianlong Emperor spoke highly of it．He liked the painting so much that he told a painter to make a c 74 of it．
Sadly, Nine Dragons is not c 75 by any Chinese museum．If you want to see it with your own eyes, you have to visit the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston．The museum bought the painting in 1917 for $25, 000．At present the market price of it is about 500 million yuan.
八、书面表达(满分10分)
76．学校英语俱乐部将举办以“Act for a Better City”为主题的英语演讲比赛，旨在号召同学们为建设更美好的南京而努力。请你根据下面图表中的要点，写一篇英文演讲稿。
Good manners in public
Volunteering for the community
Green lifestyle …
注意：
1．内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺。
2．词数80左右(已给出的演讲稿开头不计入总词数)。
3．文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
Act for a Better City
Hello, everyone! Today I will give a speech and the title is “Act for a Better City”．What can we do to make Nanjing a better place to live in
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．D
【详解】句意：——志愿活动帮助你意识到别人需要你。——我同意。它也会给你生活的目标感。
考查名词辨析。pity遗憾；pain痛苦；practice练习；purpose目的。根据“It also gives you a sense of...in life.”可知，志愿活动给你生活的目标感。故选D。
2．B
【详解】句意：——Helen，这个星期六你来参加我的生日聚会吗？——对不起，恐怕我不能。不管怎样，谢谢你的邀请。
考查副词辨析。Otherwise否则；Anyway不管怎样；Moreover而且；However然而。根据“thanks for your invitation.”可知，虽然自己不能参加对方的生日聚会，但是不管怎样，还是要感谢对方的邀请，故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：一些人说网络让我们更紧密，而另一些人认为它带来更多的孤独。
考查比较级。close紧密的；closely接近地。根据“more”可知，此处应用比较级；结合“brings us”可知，此处是bring ..．closer“使……关系更紧密”。故选C。
4．A
【详解】句意：——下个月我要去法国。你能给我一些建议吗？——入乡随俗。跟随当地的人你就会知道如何表现自己。
考查动词辨析。behave表现，行为；develop发育，发展；treat对待，治疗；support支持、支撑。根据“how to...yourself”可知，考查behave oneself表现得体，故选A。
5．A
【详解】句意：格林先生，很抱歉打断你，但是这里有一两件事我不理解。
考查动词短语。cut in插嘴，打断；cut off切除；cut out裁剪；cut down削减。根据句意，这里想表达“很抱歉打断你”这一含义，cut in“插嘴”符合句意。故选A。
6．D
【详解】句意：2024年巴黎奥运会将于7月26日至8月11日举行。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“between July 26 and August 11”可知，是将来的动作，主语和谓语是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
7．B
【详解】句意：——琳达，你的新帽子戴在你头上看起来真好看。你买了多久了？——哦，谢谢。我上周刚买的。
考查时态。根据“How long”可知，此处应该用现在完成时表示“你买了帽子多久了”，现在完成时的结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，故排除C项和D项；A项为现在完成时，但buy是短暂性动词，不能与how long连用，故排除A项；B项是现在完成时，have是延续性动词，与how long连用。故选B。
8．C
【详解】句意：看短信。茱莉亚想让基拉赶紧去食堂吃午饭。
考查常识。wait for her at the school dining hall在学校餐厅等她；come to the dining hall in 20 minutes 20分钟后到餐厅；hurry to the dining hall to have lunch赶紧去餐厅吃午饭；take her lunch to the dining hall quickly快带她的午餐到食堂去。根据“I’ve been waiting for you at the school dining hall for 20 minutes—where are you They’ll stop offering food soon and l want to make sure we have lunch!”可知，短信内容的意思是“我在学校食堂等了你20分钟了，你在哪儿？他们很快就不提供食物了，我想确保我们能吃到午餐！”，所以茱莉亚想让基拉赶紧去食堂吃午饭。故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：——梅格，我听说你下周要搬家。我会来帮忙的。——搬家那天一定要到。行动胜于雄辩。
考查谚语。Practice makes perfect熟能生巧；Every dog has its day人人皆有得意时；Actions speak louder than words行动胜于雄辩；The early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃。根据“Just be there on moving day.”可知，此处强调行动。故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：——你介意给我展示一下如何使用电脑在图书馆找一本书吗？——一点也不。只需要输入关键词然后点击“搜索”键。
考查情景交际。Not at all一点也不；Never mind没关系；Don’t worry别担心。No thanks不，谢谢。由“Just enter key words and click on the “Search” icon.”可知提供了帮助，所以表示并不介意。故选A。
11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．C 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．D
【导语】本文讲了少年加纳完成高中后独自骑行32,000公里从美国最北端到最南端，历经抢劫、酷暑、受伤，体会到骑行的意义与乐趣。
11．句意：这个男孩有骑长途自行车的经验。
experience经验；exercise练习；trouble麻烦；background背景。根据“He once rode 750 kilometres from Los Angeles to San Francisco.”可知，此处指“有些经验”，其他选项不符合句意，故选A。
12．句意：因此，加纳一完成高中学业，就开始为他的冒险做准备。
waiting for等待；paying for为……付钱；looking for寻找；preparing for为……做准备。根据“began his journey”可知，出发前要做准备，故选D。
13．句意：他不和别人一起骑车，他自己走自己的路线。
by通过；away离开；along沿着；through穿过。根据“he made his own route (路线) as he biked”可知，此处指“沿着路线骑车”，故选C。
14．句意：他对El Salvador感到特别惊讶。
exactly精确地；especially特别；recently最近；finally最终。根据“one of the most peaceful countries in the world”可知，此处指“特别感到吃惊”，故选B。
15．句意：虽然旅途充满了难忘的高潮，加纳也经历了一些可怕的低谷。
While然而，表转折；Because因为；If如果；When当……的时候。根据“the trip was full of unforgettable highs, Garner also experienced some terrible lows”可知，前后转折，所以填while，故选A。
16．句意：“我只能骑几分钟自行车，然后不得不停下来休息。”
eat吃；drink喝；rest休息；hide藏。根据“It was over 40℃ every day”可知，天很热，所以要停下来休息，故选C。
17．句意：他从自行车上摔下来，撞到了头，不得不在医院住了一个月。
hotel酒店；tent帐篷；hospital医院；town城镇。根据“He fell off his bike, hit his head”可知，他受伤了，所以住在医院，故选C。
18．句意：“因为你行驶得慢，你就有机会闻到东西，触摸东西。”
slowly慢地；fast快得；near附近；far远。根据“Garner first began biking because he didn’t have a car.”可知，与开车相比，汽车会慢，故选A。
19．句意：“你会对沿途的小镇产生一种特殊的爱。”
joy欢乐；love爱；hobby爱好；interest兴趣。根据“develop a special”可知，此处指“产生一种特殊的爱”，其他选项不符合句意，故选B。
20．句意：在527天的时间里，他骑行了32000公里。
From从……；After在……之后；Since自……以来；Over在……期间。根据“ the course of 527 days, he biked 32,000 kilometres”可知，此处指“在527天的时间里”，所以over符合句意，故选D。
21．B 22．A 23．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了博迪州立历史公园。
21．细节理解题。根据“1892 A fire destroys much of the town．Bodie starts to become a ghost town.”可知，1892年，一场大火烧毁了城镇的大部分地区，博迪开始变成一个鬼城。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“A fire destroys much of the town．Bodie starts to become a ghost town”及“Another fire destroys much of the rest of the town”可推知，两场火摧毁了这个镇子，导致了博迪的最后一个矿山关闭。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“It makes people think of California’s gold-mining history．Come visit Bodie and see what life was like in the 1800s.”可知，游客可以了解博迪的金矿开采历史。故选D。
24．C 25．D 26．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了Greg Mortenson帮助巴基斯坦和阿富汗的孩子建造学校的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据“When he tried to climb the mountain in 1993, snow, ice, and bad weather made Mortenson turn back.”可知，由于天气不好，Mortenson放弃了攀登K2。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据“Mortenson even sold his personal things to raise money.”及“Since then, Mortenson has built more than 75 schools in Pakistan and Afghanistan...Mortenson’s goal is to use education to bring peace into this often dangerous area.”可知，Mortenson是一个慷慨且乐于助人的人。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据“There he saw a group of children writing in the dirt with sticks．He learned that they had no pens or pencils, no books—not even a school or a teacher．Mortenson planned to build them a school.”可知，Mortenson在Korphe村看到了一群孩子在用棍子在泥土上写字，所以决定给他们建一所学校，虽然筹钱很困难，但是他还是竭尽所能筹钱。所以，Korphe村促使他为当地儿童建起了学校。故选B。
27．C 28．C 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。20世纪30年代美国大平原遭遇严重干旱，因过度耕作和砍伐树木导致土壤流失，造成沙尘暴，这是美国史上最严重的自然灾害。
27．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了美国大平原地区的人们因过度耕作和砍伐导致土壤流失，进而形成沙尘暴的环境问题。因此，这篇文章很可能来自一份环境报告，而非新闻报道、旅游指南或生物学杂志。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段最后的“and cutting down most of the trees”可知，大平原上的大部分树木被砍伐（c）；根据第二段第二句中的“This was the beginning of a terrible drought”以及第三句中的“The beautiful wheat fields dried up”可知，发生了可怕的干旱，而且田地干涸了（b）；根据第二段第三句的后半句“and the crops died”以及第四句“Then there were no plants to keep the soil in place.”可知，接着庄稼死亡，没有植物可以固定土壤（a）；根据第三段中的“Then the wind started to blow.”以及“the wind gathered up the soil into huge black clouds”可知，风吹起土壤，聚集成巨大的黑云（d）。因此，尘暴形成的顺序是c-b-a-d。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“causing many people to get sick”“and farm animals died without food”以及“The Great Plains became known as the Dust Bowl.”可知，在文章中提到，沙尘暴使得人们生病（A项），动物因为没有食物而死亡（C项），大平原变成了尘暴区（D项），但并未提到田地受到污染。故选B。
30．观点态度题。文章中提到“This was the worst natural disaster ever to hit the United States”，这句话是对尘暴事件的评价和看法，因此A选项“这是最严重的自然灾害”是文章中的一个观点。B、C、D三个选项都是对尘暴现象的描述，而非观点。故选A。
31．B 32．D 33．D 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文讲述了Joseph Davranche的家庭因贫穷寄希望于他的叔叔Jules，Jules在美国和南美寻找机会，虽然他们很久没有收到他的消息，但家里的人对他的期待和希望却在增长。
31．细节理解题。根据“We had to save money on everything．My two sisters made their own dresses．And if I lost my buttons or tore a hole in my trousers, my mother would be very angry.”可知，作者的两个姐姐自己做裙子；妈妈会因为纽扣掉了或者裤子破了一个洞而生气。所以作者是通过举例子的方式来表明他们每件事情上都在省钱。故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据“When I became rich, I shall return to Havre.”和“Once that good Jules returns, our life will be different.”可知，叔叔在信中说他变有钱了就会回到Havre，妈妈也希望叔叔回来后他们的生活会有所不同，所以作者全家期望叔叔回家是因为他们希望叔叔带着他的钱回来改善生活。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据“When I became rich, I shall return to Havre．I hope that it will not be too long and that we shall all live happily together.”可知，叔叔在信中说等他有钱了就会回家，然后全家人快乐地生活在一起，所以家人总是将信给每个人看是为了告诉别人他们的生活会变得更好。故选D。
34．词句猜测题。根据“Uncle Jules spent all of the money that should go to my father, after he had used up all of his own money.”和“He hoped he could make up for the harm he had done to my father.”和“Jules, someone not worth his salt until then, suddenly became a good man”可知，曾经的叔叔在花完自己的钱后将本该属于作者父亲的钱也花光，而如今却希望能弥补他对父亲造成的伤害，叔叔曾经是那么不值一提的人，突然变成了一个好人。所以D选项“一个没用的人”符合“someone not worth his salt”词义。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据“My Uncle Jules was the only hope of my family, after being its only fear.”可知，Jules叔叔曾经是他们全家的恐惧。故选B。
36．against
【详解】句意：爸爸，为什么不把钢琴放在客厅靠墙的地方呢？根据“why not put the piano…the wall in the living room”以及汉语提示可知，空后为“the wall”，空处应填介词against“紧靠”。故填against。
37．avoid
【详解】句意：采取行动避免火灾风险对我们来说很重要。avoid“避免”，动词；take action to do sth.“采取行动做某事”，动词短语，空前为“to”，空处应填动词原形。故填avoid。
38．meaningful
【详解】句意：我的父亲经常告诉我如果没有学习和工作的话生活是无意义的。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填meaningful“有意义的”，形容词作表语。故填meaningful。
39．spread
【详解】句意：防止个人信息在互联网上的传播是必要的。“扩散”的英文是“spread”；the后接名词，spread的名词是spread。故填spread。
40．wisely
【详解】句意：我成功的秘诀是努力工作和智慧地计划我的时间。根据汉语提示可知，wisely表示“智慧地”，副词修饰动词“plan”，故填wisely。
41．impolite
【详解】句意：当人们排队吃饭时，试图插队是不礼貌的。根据“When people are queuing for a meal”以及提示词可知，此处应表示排队时插队是不礼貌的，因此用impolite“不礼貌的”，形容词作表语。故填impolite。
42．training
【详解】句意：Lisa小时候喜欢跳舞，并且在六岁时接受了训练。train可作名词，意为“火车”，作动词意为“训练”。根据“received”可知，receive为动词，后面应接名词，根据句意可知，此处需要用“训练”之意，training“训练”，名词。故填training。
43．difference
【详解】句意：知道某件事是真实的和说出它为什么是真的之间有很大的区别。设空处应填写提示词的名词形式作主语，difference“差异；不同”，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数。故填difference。
44．to stay
【详解】句意：我必须离开，因为我父母不允许我在外面待到很晚。stay out late“在外待到很晚”，动词短语；根据“allow me”可知，allow sb．to do“允许某人做某事”，因此此处应用动词不定式。故填to stay。
45．be punished
【详解】句意：每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚。根据“Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will…”可知，此处指每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚；主语“you”与动词“punish”之间为动宾关系，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”，空前为will，空处应填be punished。故填be punished。
46． How can
【详解】句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间来节约用水。划线部分是方式状语，疑问句用how来提问，句首首字母需大写；原句中谓语部分有情态动词can，一般疑问句中需把情态动词提前。故填How；can。
47． afford to
【详解】句意：安妮今年夏天没有钱去度假。根据“doesn’t have money”可知，表示“没有钱”，也就是“负担不起”，因此可换为can’t afford to do sth.，故填afford；to。
48． too to
【详解】句意：詹森不够勇敢去参加这个讨论。结合句意可知，句意不变可以改为“too + 形容词/副词原级 + to + 动词原形”的句式，表示“太……以至于不……”。故填too；to。
49． of to
【详解】句意：苏微笑着向我打招呼。她很友好。根据汉语要求可知，原句可以表达为“It’s friendly … Sue … greet me with a smile.”，此处为it固定句型，It is +adj．+for/ of sb．to do，此处形容词friendly为形容人的美好品格，因此用of。故填of；to。
50． been on
【详解】句意：电影《Be My Friend》十分钟前就开始了。根据句中“for fifteen minutes”和空前“has”可知，此处为现在完成时，start为非延续性动词，不能和时间段连用，需要变为be on，be的过去分词为been。故填been；on。
51．E 52．F 53．C 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了最新产品Sora再次震惊了世界。
51．根据“OpenAI has once again surprised the world with its latest AI tool, Sora.”可知，此处讲“做了什么使世界震惊”，E选项“它可以制作长达一分钟的视频。”符合，故选E。
52．根据“Many people worry that the tool will put many filmmakers out of business.”及“Many people are afraid that industries (产业) such as translation, teaching and design will all disappear (消失).”可知，此处承上启下，引出其他行业的担忧，F选项“自从使用ChatGPT以来，类似的担忧就一直不绝于耳闻。”符合，故选F。
53．根据“Even in the age of AI, knowledge is still power.”及“AI knows a lot, but for now at least, it needs instructions.”可知，此处与“知识”有关，C选项“事实上，AI可能需要你学习更多。”符合，故选C。
54．根据“You also need to exercise your imagination (想象力) more actively.”及“You need to describe your instructions with more details, such as time, places and persons.”可知，此处与“你”有关，A选项“你不能事事依赖Sora。”符合，故选A。
55．根据“After an AI tool gives you an answer, you need to decide if all the information is correct by yourself.”可知，此处与“判断对错”有关，B选项“记住，人工智能也会犯错。”符合，故选B。
56．writer 57．experiences 58．early 59．finishing 60．until##till 61．popular##welcome 62．Both 63．ideas##opinions##thoughts 64．If 65．interested
【导语】本文主要讲述了著名的儿童作家Roald Dahl的相关事迹。
56．根据第二段中“Mr．Dahl is one of the most-read writers of children’s books.”可知，Roald Dahl是一位著名的儿童作家。故填writer。
57．根据表格中“He was born in 1916．He liked stories about strange livings things at an…age.”可知，此处应介绍他的生活经历，应填复数名词experiences“经历”。故填experiences。
58．根据第四段中“She told him and his sisters stories when they were young．He enjoyed the stories about giants and other strange living things.”可知，他很小的时候就喜欢关于奇怪生物的故事。at an early age“很小时候”，故填early。
59．根据第三段中“After he finished school in England, he lived in many different places such as Newfoundland, Tanzania, Africa, and Washington, DC.”可知，毕业后，他去过很多地方。after是介词，后跟名词finishing作宾语。故填finishing。
60．根据第五段中“Mr．Dahl started to write his famous books for children after he had children of his own.”可知，直到他有了自己的孩子，他才开始写儿童读物，应用until/till引导时间状语从句，故填until/till。
61．根据第一段中“If you have, you are one of thousands of children who have read stories by Roald Dahl.”以及第二段中“Mr．Dahl is one of the most-read writers of children’s books.”以及“And it is not just children who like his works.”可知，他的书很受孩子们的欢迎。popular/welcom“受欢迎的”，形容词作表语。故填popular/welcome。
62．根据第二段中“And it is not just children who like his works．Adults do too.”可知，孩子和大人都喜欢他的作品，应用both“两者都”。故填Both。
63．根据表格中“…you want to write good children’s stories, you should see the world through children’s eyes.”可知，此处应介绍他的观点，应填复数名词ideas/opinions/thoughts。故填ideas/opinions/thoughts。
64．根据第五段中“He thought that he was good at writing these stories because he could see the world through children’s eyes.”可知，如果你想写出好的儿童故事，你应该通过儿童的眼睛看世界，应用if引导条件状语从句。故填If。
65．通读全文可知，Roald Dahl认为写出来的故事应该让读者感兴趣。keep sb interested“使某人感兴趣”，故填interested。
66．(e)verywhere 67．(t)hem 68．(w)orked 69．(s)uccessful 70．(u)sed 71．(b)rushes 72．(d)escribes 73．(s)kill(s) 74．(c)opy 75．(c)ollected
【导语】本文主要讲述了数千年来，中国人对龙充满敬意。在中国，龙的图案随处可见，尤其在宫殿和寺庙。南宋画家陈容的《九龙图》是龙题材的经典之作。
66．句意：在中国，你几乎到处都会发现龙的图片，尤其是在宫殿和寺庙里。根据句意以及首字母e提示可知，空格处需要填入一个副词来修饰“almost”，表示“几乎到处都是”的意思。故填(e)verywhere。
67．句意：许多中国艺术家都尝试过画龙。南宋时期的伟大画家陈容就是其中之一。根据“Many Chinese artists have tried their hand at painting the dragon．Chen Rong, a great painter in the Southern Song Dynasty, was among t...”和首字母t提示，可以推断出空格处应填写代词“them”，代指前面提到的“Many Chinese artists”。故填(t)hem。
68．句意：他曾经为杭州的政府工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词的过去式，根据首字母“w”和语境可知，最合适的词是“worked”，表示“工作”。故填(w)orked。
69．句意：作为一个官员，他不是很成功。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个形容词来修饰“he”，与后文的“However”形成转折关系。根据首字s提示可知，最合适的词是“successful”，表示“成功的”。故填(s)uccessful。
70．句意：据说陈容习惯于在喝了很多酒之后画画。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词短语，表示陈容过去的一个习惯或行为。根据首字母“u”和语境可知，最合适的短语是“used to”，表示“过去常常做某事”。故填(u)sed。
71．句意：他会用画笔来完成他的作品。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，作为“use”的宾语，表示陈容用来完成画作的工具。根据语境和首字母b提示可知，画家在完成画作时通常使用“brush”（刷子，画笔），因为画作是多个元素的组合，用复数形式“brushes”。故填(b)rushes。
72．句意：这幅画描绘了九条龙在云、浪、火和悬崖之间翻滚、游泳和跳舞。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词，作为句子的谓语，描述《九龙图》这幅画的内容。根据语境和首字母“d”可知，最合适的动词是“describe”，表示“描绘，描述”，主语为The painting，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填((d)escribes。
73．句意：它展示了陈容生活中的巨大悲伤和他在书法上的高超技艺。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，描述陈荣在毛笔字方面的特点。根据语境和首字母“s”，最合适的名词是“skill”，表示“技能，技艺”，表示多项技能时，用复数形式，此处没有明确规定，单复数均可。故填(s)kill(s)。
74．句意：他非常喜欢这幅画，以至于他让一位画家复制了一幅。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，作为“make”的宾语。根据语境和首字母“c”，最合适的名词是“copy”，表示“复制品，副本”，空前有a，用单数形式。故填(c)opy。
75．句意：遗憾的是，《九龙图》没有被任何中国博物馆收藏。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词的过去分词形式，与“is not”一起构成被动语态，表示《九龙图》的当前状态。根据语境和首字母“c”，最合适的动词是“collect”，其过去分词形式是“collected”，表示“被收藏”。故填(c)ollected。
76．例文
Act for a Better City
Hello, everyone! Today I will give a speech and the title is “Act for a Better City”．What can we do to make Nanjing a better place to live in
Good manners play a very important role in social development．We should not talk loudly in public and we should wait in line when we buy things．What’s more, we can do some voluntary work to make the community better and better．For example, we can bring a bag when we take a walk in the community．When we see rubbish on the ground, we can pick it up．Besides, we can ride bikes or walk to schools instead of going by car．We should plant more trees and flowers to make the city more beautiful.
Let’s work together to build a better Nanjing.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿；
②时态：时态为一般现在时；
③提示：根据提示内容介绍如何建设更美好的南京，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题；
第二步，从良好礼仪、志愿活动以及绿色生活等几个方面介绍如何建设更美好的南京；
第三步，发出号召。
[亮点词汇]
①play a very important role in在……中发挥重要的作用
②wait in line排队等候
③pick up捡起
[高分句型]
①For example, we can bring a bag when we take a walk in the community．(when引导的时间状语从句)
②We should plant more trees and flowers to make the city more beautiful．(动词不定式作目的状语)
八年级（下）英语
考试时间：100分钟满分：100分（将答案按序号填在答题卡上）
选择题（共50分）
一、听力(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
略
二单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)
请认真阅读下列各题, 从题中所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．—Volunteering helps you see that you are needed．
—I agree．It also gives you a sense of ________ in life.
A．pity B．pain C．practice D．purpose
2．—Will you come to my birthday party this Saturday, Helen
—Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t．_________, thanks for your invitation．
A．Otherwise B．Anyway C．Moreover D．However
3．Some people say the Internet brings us __________ while others think it brings more loneliness.
A．close B．closely C．closer D．more closely
4．—I’m going to France next month．Could you give me some advice
—Do as the Romans do．You’ll know how to ________ yourself by following local people.
A．behave B．develop C．treat D．support
5．Mr．Green, sorry to _________ on you, but there are one or two things I don’t understand.
A．cut in B．cut off C．cut out D．cut down
6．Paris 2024 Olympic Games _________ between July 26 and August 11.
A．hold B．are held C．will hold D．will be held
7．—Linda, your new hat looks really nice on you．How long _______ it
—Oh, thanks．I just bought it last week.
A．have you bought B．have you had C．did you buy D．did you have
8．Look at the text message．Julia wants Kira to ________.
Kira I’ve been waiting for you at the school dining hall for 20 minutes—where are you They’ll stop offering food soon and l want to make sure we have lunch! Julia
A．wait for her at the school dining hall
B．come to the dining hall in 20 minutes
C．hurry to the dining hall to have lunch
D．take her lunch to the dining hall quickly
9．—Meg, I hear you will move house next week．I will come to help．
—Just be there on moving day．_________________.
A．Practice makes perfect B．Every dog has its day
C．Actions speak louder than words D．The early bird catches the worm
10．—Would you mind showing me how to use the computer to find a book in the library
—_______________．Just enter key words and click on the “Search” icon.
A．Not at all B．Never mind C．Don’t worry D．No thanks
三、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Liam Garner has wanted to go on a crazy adventure (探险) for years．The boy had some______with long-distance biking．He once rode 750 kilometres from Los Angeles to San Francisco．He thought he could easily bike from Prudhoe Bay to Ushuaia．So, as soon as he completed his studies from high school, Garner began______his adventure．
On August 1, 2021, Garner, then 17, began his journey．He didn’t bike together with others, and he made his own route (路线) as he biked ______．Garner would ride through Mexico, Colombia, Peru, Argentina and ten other countries．He was______ surprised by El Salvador．The boy called it as “one of the most peaceful countries in the world”．
______the trip was full of unforgettable highs, Garner also experienced some terrible lows．He was robbed (抢劫) at least five different times．He met hot weather when he was in Mexico．“It was over 40℃ every day,” he says．“I was only able to bike for a few minutes before having to stop and ______.” Yet the boy faced an even more serious difficulty while he was riding through Colombia．He fell off his bike, hit his head and had to spend a month in the______.
Garner first began biking because he didn’t have a car．But now, he believes it is the best way to travel．“Since you go______, you have the chances to smell things and to touch things,” he says．“You’ll develop a special______for the little towns along the way.”
Garner arrived in Ushuaia on 10 January．______the course of 527 days, he biked 32,000 kilometres．The man is now on his way back home．When he gets home, he hopes to write a book about his journey．He hopes his ride will encourage others to start out on their own adventure.
11．A．experience B．exercise C．trouble D．background
12．A．waiting for B．paying for C．looking for D．preparing for
13．A．by B．away C．along D．through
14．A．exactly B．especially C．recently D．finally
15．A．While B．Because C．If D．When
16．A．eat B．drink C．rest D．hide
17．A．hotel B．tent C．hospital D．town
18．A．slowly B．fast C．near D．far
19．A．joy B．love C．hobby D．interest
20．A．From B．After C．Since D．Over
四、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题1 分, 满分15分)
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Mini-dictionary: 1．valley /'v li/n．峡谷 2．mine/main/n．矿井 3．cabin/'k bin/n．小木屋 4．destroy / d str /v．破坏
21．Bodie started to become a ghost town in _________.
A．1876 B．1892 C．1932 D．1942
22．Why did the last mine in Bodie close
A．Because two fires destroyed the town.
B．Because it was turned into a historic park.
C．Because they didn't find gold or silver there.
D．Because they wanted to protect the environment.
23．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Bodie is a town on the top of Bodie Hills.
B．We can’t find the map of Bodie on the website.
C．There are no buildings left except the miner’s cabin.
D．Visitors can learn about gold-mining history in Bodie.
B
Greg Mortenson is an adventurer who once loved to climb mountains．Born in 1957, he grew up on the slopes of Mt．Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, Africa．After his sister Christa died in 1992, he decided to try climbing Pakistan’s K2, the second-highest mountain in the world, in her memory．Although Mount Qomolangma is higher, K2 is thought to be more difficult and dangerous to climb．When he tried to climb the mountain in 1993, snow, ice, and bad weather made Mortenson turn back．
Mortenson recovered from frostbite and tiredness in a Pakistan village of Korphe．There he saw a group of children writing in the dirt with sticks．He learned that they had no pens or pencils, no books—not even a school or a teacher．Mortenson planned to build them a school．But at that moment he had no idea how he would make it．
It took years to raise the money to build the school．Some American schoolchildren also donated their pocket money to Mortenson’s project．Mortenson even sold his personal things to raise money．The Korphe School was finished in 1996．
Since then, Mortenson has built more than 75 schools in Pakistan and Afghanistan．His schools educate both boys and girls in an area where schooling for girls is very rare．Mortenson’s goal is to use education to bring peace into this often dangerous area．
Mini-dictionary: 1.slope /sl up/n.斜坡 2.recover /r 'k v (r)/ v．恢复 3.frostbite /'fr stba t / n.冻伤 4.peace /pi:s/ n.和平
24．What can we learn from the passage
A．Mortenson’s sister died when he tried to climb K2.
B．Mortenson broke his leg while he was climbing K2.
C．Mortenson gave up climbing K2 because of bad weather.
D．K2 is as difficult and dangerous to climb as Mount Qomolangma.
25．What words can best tell about Mortenson
A．Brave and careful. B．Honest and friendly.
C．Hard-working and patient. D．Generous and helpful.
26．How did the village of Korphe change Mortenson’s life
A．It pushed him to become a school teacher.
B．It led him to build schools for local children.
C．It gave him the confidence to climb K2 again.
D．It made him work for girls’ education in that area.
C
In the 1920s, wheat farmers on the Great Plains(大平原) were making a lot of money．This made many other people want to be farmers, too．But no one tried to stop the farmers from plowing almost all the land and cutting down most of the trees．
Still, everything was fine until 1931．This was the beginning of a terrible drought—a long period without rain．The beautiful wheat fields dried up, and the crops died．Then there were no plants to keep the soil in place．All that was left was bare, ugly, dry dirt．
Then the wind started to blow．With no trees to prevent it, the wind gathered up the soil into huge black clouds that travelled for miles．These clouds were called dust storms, and it was impossible for people to get away from them．Dirt is collected in people’s houses．It fell into their food．It got into their noses, mouths, and eyes．People wore masks, but the dust still clogged their lungs, causing many people to get sick．The dust even fell very high in a few places．Everything was buried in the dust, and farm animals died without food．The serious storms punished everyone and everything．The Great Plains became known as the Dust Bowl．
This was the worst natural disaster ever to hit the United States．But some people believed the farmers deserved what happened to them because they did not care for the soil．They said the disaster could be prevented if the farmers were wiser and more careful．
Mini-dictionary: 1．plow /pla /v．耕 2．bare /be (r)/adj．荒芜的 3．clog/kl g/v．堵塞 4．lung /l /n．肺 5．bury/'beri/v．掩埋 6．deserve /di'z :v/v．应得
27．Where may this article come from
A．A news report. B．A tour guide.
C．An environmental report. D．A biology magazine.
28．How was a dust storm formed on the Great Plains
a．Crops died and there was no plant to keep the soil．
b．A terrible drought happened and fields dried up．
c．Most of the trees on the plains were cut down．
d．Wind blew and gathered up the soil into black clouds．
A．b-c-a-d B．b-a-c-d C．c-b-a-d D．c-a-b-d
29．Which of the following isn’t the result of the dust storm
A．Many people got sick. B．The fields were polluted.
C．Animals died without food. D．The Plain became a dust bowl.
30．Which of the following is an opinion about the dust storm
A．This was the worst natural disaster.
B．The dust still clogged their lungs.
C．Huge black clouds travelled for miles.
D．Dirt collected in people’s houses.
D
My name is Joseph Davranche．My family was a poor one from Havre．My father worked hard, came home late from the office, and made very little money．
We had to save money on everything．My two sisters made their own dresses．And if I lost my buttons or tore a hole in my trousers, my mother would be very angry．
Every Sunday, dressed in our best, we would take our walk along the breakwater．When the big ships were returning from faraway countries, my father would always say the same words, “What a surprise it would be if Jules were on that one! Eh ”
My Uncle Jules was the only hope of my family, after being its only fear．I have heard about him since childhood．It seems that he carelessly spent “a little” money．That action, in a poor family, is one of the greatest crimes．
Well, Uncle Jules spent all of the money that should go to my father, after he had used up all of his own money．Then, he shipped off to America．
Soon after, my uncle wrote that he was making a little money．He hoped he could make up for the harm he had done to my father．This letter stirred up a deep and strong feeling in the family．Jules, someone not worth his salt until then, suddenly became a good man, a kind-hearted fellow, a true and honest Davranche．
Two years later a second letter came, saying, “My dear brother, I am writing to tell you not to worry about my health, which is excellent．Business is good．I may be away for several years in South America．If I shouldn’t write, don’t worry．When I became rich, I shall return to Havre．I hope that it will not be too long and that we shall all live happily together...”
This letter became the gospel of my family．It was read when it was possible, and it was shown to everybody．
For ten years we heard nothing from Uncle Jules, but as time went on, my father’s hope grew, and my mother, also, often said, “Once that good Jules returns, our life will be different．There is one who knew how to get along!”
(To be continued)
Mini-dictionary 1．tear /te (r)/ v．(tore, torn) 扯破, 撕裂 2．breakwater /'breikw :t (r)/ n．防波堤 3．stir /st :(r)/ up 激起 4．crime /kraim/ n．罪过 5．worth /w θ/ v．值……钱 6．gospel /'ɡ spl / n．福音书
31．How does the writer show that “We had to save money on everything”
A．By telling stories. B．By giving examples.
C．By introducing the main idea. D．By making a list of reasons.
32．The writer’s family expected Uncle Jules to come back home because _____________.
A．they were deeply worried about Uncle Jules
B．they always got along well with Uncle Jules
C．they hoped Uncle Jules could live with them
D．they hoped Uncle Jules came back with money
33．Why did the family show the letter to everybody
A．To tell others Jules missed the family.
B．To tell others Jules was in South America.
C．To tell others Jules was a kind-hearted man.
D．To tell others their life would become better.
34．What does “someone not worth his salt” mean
A．Someone who is lazy. B．Someone who is poor.
C．Someone who is homeless. D．Someone who is useless.
35．What can we know about Uncle Jules according to the passage
A．Uncle Jules left for America to do business.
B．Uncle Jules used to be the fear of the family.
C．Uncle Jules sent the family quite a lot of money.
D．Uncle Jules had been away from home for 10 years.
非选择题(共50分)
五、语言基础知识(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
A) 请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词, 使句子意思完整正确, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51—55的相应横线上。
36．Dad, why not put the piano______ (紧靠) the wall in the living room
37．It’s important for us to take action to______ (避免) the risk of fire.
38．My father often tells me that life is not______ (有意义的) without study and work.
39．It’s necessary to prevent the______ (扩散) of personal information on the Internet.
40．My secret of success is to work hard and plan my time______ (智慧地).
B) 请根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—60的相应横线上。
41．When people are queuing for a meal, it’s______ (polite) to try to push in.
42．Lisa loved dancing as a child and received______ (train) at the age of six.
43．There’s a big______ (different) between knowing something is true and telling why it is true.
44．I must leave because my parents won’t allow me______ (stay) out late at night.
45．Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will______ (punish).
C) 请根据要求完成下列各题, 每空一词, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为61—65的相应横线上。
46．We can save water by taking shorter showers．(对划线部分提问)
____________we save water
47．Annie doesn’t have money to go on vacation this summer．(改为同义句)
Annie can’t ____________ go on vacation this summer.
48．Jason isn’t brave enough to join the discussion．(改为同义句)
Jason is ______ shy ______join the discussion.
49．Sue greets me with a smile．She is friendly．(合并为一句)
It’s friendly ______Sue ______ greet me with a smile.
50．The film Be My Friend started ten minutes ago．(改为同义句)
The film Be My Friend has ____________for ten minutes.
请根据短文内容，从下面方框中所给的六个选项里选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并将句子序号填写在答题卡标号为1—5的相应横线上。
OpenAI has once again surprised the world with its latest AI tool, Sora． 51 Just give it some text instructions, like “a Chinese New Year celebration”, and you’ll get a video that matches the description．Many people worry that the tool will put many filmmakers out of business．
52 Many people are afraid that industries (产业) such as translation, teaching and design will all disappear (消失)．It seems we can use AI to do anything．
Does that mean we no longer need to work hard to learn knowledge and skills ourselves Well, the answer is “No!” Even in the age of AI, knowledge is still power． 53 AI knows a lot, but for now at least, it needs instructions．In other words, you must communicate with it．
You also need to exercise your imagination (想象力) more actively．Take the Chinese New Year celebration video in Paragraph 1 for example． 54 You need to describe your instructions with more details, such as time, places and persons．
55 After an AI tool gives you an answer, you need to decide if all the information is correct by yourself．To do this, you need at least some basic knowledge about the subjects．
If you think AI gives you a chance of being lazy, it’s time to stop daydreaming．Work harder on your studies, and you’ll be better prepared to work with AI.
A．You can’t depend on Sora for everything.
B．And remember that AI can make mistakes.
C．In fact, AI may need you to learn more.
D．With Sora, we can make better videos in the future.
E．It can make videos up to one minute long.
F．Similar worries have been heard since ChatGPT was used.
七、阅读填空(共20小题；每小题1分, 满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文章后表格中第1—10小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应横线上。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Have you ever read Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Or James and the Giant Peach If you have, you are one of thousands of children who have read stories by Roald Dahl．
Mr．Dahl is one of the most-read writers of children’s books．Many of his stories have been made into movies, like Fantastic Mr．Fox and The BFG．His book Matilda has been made into a musical play．And it is not just children who like his works．Adults do too．
Mr．Dahl had a very interesting life．He was born in 1916．After he finished school in England, he lived in many different places such as Newfoundland, Tanzania, Africa, and Washington, DC．He was a fighter pilot (战斗机飞行员) in World War Ⅱ．He wrote stories for adults．Many of these were published in magazines．But he is best known for his children’s stories．
Maybe Mr．Dahl’s mother was one of the reasons he became a writer of children’s books．She told him and his sisters stories when they were young．He enjoyed the stories about giants and other strange living things．When he was older, he loved adventure stories．
Mr．Dahl started to write his famous books for children after he had children of his own．He used to tell his children stories, just like his mother did with him．Then he started to write them．He thought that he was good at writing these stories because he could see the world through children’s eyes．
Dahl once said, “Those who do not believe in magic will never find it.” Maybe that is why people love his works so much．His stories are full of magic, and we want to believe in magic．Mr．Dahl died in 1990, but his stories will live forever．
Roald Dahl—a famous children’s 56
His life 57 He was born in 1916. He liked stories about strange livings things at an 58 age. After 59 school, he travelled to lots of places. He was a pilot in World War II and he wrote stories for adults. He didn’t write children’s books 60 he had his own children.
His books His books are very 61 among children． Many of them have been made into movies or musical plays． 62 children and adults like his works．
His 63 64 you want to write good children’s stories, you should see the world through children’s eyes. Stories should keep readers 65 . Those who do not believe in magic will never find it．
请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1~10的相应位置上。
For thousands of years, the Chinese people have had a deep respect (尊敬) for Loong, the Chinese dragon．In China, you’ll find pictures of dragons almost e 66 especially in palaces and temples．Some of them are more than 3, 500 years old．
Many Chinese artists have tried their hand at painting the dragon．Chen Rong, a great painter in the Southern Song Dynasty, was among t 67 ．His Nine Dragons is one of the greatest paintings of the Chinese dragon．
Chen Rong was born in Fujian in 1200．He once w 68 for the government in Hangzhou．As an officer, he wasn’t very s 69 ．However, he achieved a great success in poetry, calligraphy (书法) and painting．
It was said that Chen Rong u 70 to paint after drinking a lot of wine．After getting drunk, he would shout loudly, put his scarf in ink and pour the ink madly on paper．After that, he would use b 71 to finish his work．His words on Nine Dragons show that he finished it when he was completely drunk．
The painting Nine Dragons d 72 nine dragons rolling, swimming and dancing among clouds, waves, fires and cliffs．It shows Chen’s great sadness in his life and his great s 73 in brush work．
Nine Dragons was once treasured at court (宫廷), the Qianlong Emperor spoke highly of it．He liked the painting so much that he told a painter to make a c 74 of it．
Sadly, Nine Dragons is not c 75 by any Chinese museum．If you want to see it with your own eyes, you have to visit the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston．The museum bought the painting in 1917 for $25, 000．At present the market price of it is about 500 million yuan.
八、书面表达(满分10分)
76．学校英语俱乐部将举办以“Act for a Better City”为主题的英语演讲比赛，旨在号召同学们为建设更美好的南京而努力。请你根据下面图表中的要点，写一篇英文演讲稿。
Good manners in public
Volunteering for the community
Green lifestyle …
注意：
1．内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺。
2．词数80左右(已给出的演讲稿开头不计入总词数)。
3．文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
Act for a Better City
Hello, everyone! Today I will give a speech and the title is “Act for a Better City”．What can we do to make Nanjing a better place to live in
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．D
【详解】句意：——志愿活动帮助你意识到别人需要你。——我同意。它也会给你生活的目标感。
考查名词辨析。pity遗憾；pain痛苦；practice练习；purpose目的。根据“It also gives you a sense of...in life.”可知，志愿活动给你生活的目标感。故选D。
2．B
【详解】句意：——Helen，这个星期六你来参加我的生日聚会吗？——对不起，恐怕我不能。不管怎样，谢谢你的邀请。
考查副词辨析。Otherwise否则；Anyway不管怎样；Moreover而且；However然而。根据“thanks for your invitation.”可知，虽然自己不能参加对方的生日聚会，但是不管怎样，还是要感谢对方的邀请，故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：一些人说网络让我们更紧密，而另一些人认为它带来更多的孤独。
考查比较级。close紧密的；closely接近地。根据“more”可知，此处应用比较级；结合“brings us”可知，此处是bring ..．closer“使……关系更紧密”。故选C。
4．A
【详解】句意：——下个月我要去法国。你能给我一些建议吗？——入乡随俗。跟随当地的人你就会知道如何表现自己。
考查动词辨析。behave表现，行为；develop发育，发展；treat对待，治疗；support支持、支撑。根据“how to...yourself”可知，考查behave oneself表现得体，故选A。
5．A
【详解】句意：格林先生，很抱歉打断你，但是这里有一两件事我不理解。
考查动词短语。cut in插嘴，打断；cut off切除；cut out裁剪；cut down削减。根据句意，这里想表达“很抱歉打断你”这一含义，cut in“插嘴”符合句意。故选A。
6．D
【详解】句意：2024年巴黎奥运会将于7月26日至8月11日举行。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“between July 26 and August 11”可知，是将来的动作，主语和谓语是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
7．B
【详解】句意：——琳达，你的新帽子戴在你头上看起来真好看。你买了多久了？——哦，谢谢。我上周刚买的。
考查时态。根据“How long”可知，此处应该用现在完成时表示“你买了帽子多久了”，现在完成时的结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，故排除C项和D项；A项为现在完成时，但buy是短暂性动词，不能与how long连用，故排除A项；B项是现在完成时，have是延续性动词，与how long连用。故选B。
8．C
【详解】句意：看短信。茱莉亚想让基拉赶紧去食堂吃午饭。
考查常识。wait for her at the school dining hall在学校餐厅等她；come to the dining hall in 20 minutes 20分钟后到餐厅；hurry to the dining hall to have lunch赶紧去餐厅吃午饭；take her lunch to the dining hall quickly快带她的午餐到食堂去。根据“I’ve been waiting for you at the school dining hall for 20 minutes—where are you They’ll stop offering food soon and l want to make sure we have lunch!”可知，短信内容的意思是“我在学校食堂等了你20分钟了，你在哪儿？他们很快就不提供食物了，我想确保我们能吃到午餐！”，所以茱莉亚想让基拉赶紧去食堂吃午饭。故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：——梅格，我听说你下周要搬家。我会来帮忙的。——搬家那天一定要到。行动胜于雄辩。
考查谚语。Practice makes perfect熟能生巧；Every dog has its day人人皆有得意时；Actions speak louder than words行动胜于雄辩；The early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃。根据“Just be there on moving day.”可知，此处强调行动。故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：——你介意给我展示一下如何使用电脑在图书馆找一本书吗？——一点也不。只需要输入关键词然后点击“搜索”键。
考查情景交际。Not at all一点也不；Never mind没关系；Don’t worry别担心。No thanks不，谢谢。由“Just enter key words and click on the “Search” icon.”可知提供了帮助，所以表示并不介意。故选A。
11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．C 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．D
【导语】本文讲了少年加纳完成高中后独自骑行32,000公里从美国最北端到最南端，历经抢劫、酷暑、受伤，体会到骑行的意义与乐趣。
11．句意：这个男孩有骑长途自行车的经验。
experience经验；exercise练习；trouble麻烦；background背景。根据“He once rode 750 kilometres from Los Angeles to San Francisco.”可知，此处指“有些经验”，其他选项不符合句意，故选A。
12．句意：因此，加纳一完成高中学业，就开始为他的冒险做准备。
waiting for等待；paying for为……付钱；looking for寻找；preparing for为……做准备。根据“began his journey”可知，出发前要做准备，故选D。
13．句意：他不和别人一起骑车，他自己走自己的路线。
by通过；away离开；along沿着；through穿过。根据“he made his own route (路线) as he biked”可知，此处指“沿着路线骑车”，故选C。
14．句意：他对El Salvador感到特别惊讶。
exactly精确地；especially特别；recently最近；finally最终。根据“one of the most peaceful countries in the world”可知，此处指“特别感到吃惊”，故选B。
15．句意：虽然旅途充满了难忘的高潮，加纳也经历了一些可怕的低谷。
While然而，表转折；Because因为；If如果；When当……的时候。根据“the trip was full of unforgettable highs, Garner also experienced some terrible lows”可知，前后转折，所以填while，故选A。
16．句意：“我只能骑几分钟自行车，然后不得不停下来休息。”
eat吃；drink喝；rest休息；hide藏。根据“It was over 40℃ every day”可知，天很热，所以要停下来休息，故选C。
17．句意：他从自行车上摔下来，撞到了头，不得不在医院住了一个月。
hotel酒店；tent帐篷；hospital医院；town城镇。根据“He fell off his bike, hit his head”可知，他受伤了，所以住在医院，故选C。
18．句意：“因为你行驶得慢，你就有机会闻到东西，触摸东西。”
slowly慢地；fast快得；near附近；far远。根据“Garner first began biking because he didn’t have a car.”可知，与开车相比，汽车会慢，故选A。
19．句意：“你会对沿途的小镇产生一种特殊的爱。”
joy欢乐；love爱；hobby爱好；interest兴趣。根据“develop a special”可知，此处指“产生一种特殊的爱”，其他选项不符合句意，故选B。
20．句意：在527天的时间里，他骑行了32000公里。
From从……；After在……之后；Since自……以来；Over在……期间。根据“ the course of 527 days, he biked 32,000 kilometres”可知，此处指“在527天的时间里”，所以over符合句意，故选D。
21．B 22．A 23．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了博迪州立历史公园。
21．细节理解题。根据“1892 A fire destroys much of the town．Bodie starts to become a ghost town.”可知，1892年，一场大火烧毁了城镇的大部分地区，博迪开始变成一个鬼城。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“A fire destroys much of the town．Bodie starts to become a ghost town”及“Another fire destroys much of the rest of the town”可推知，两场火摧毁了这个镇子，导致了博迪的最后一个矿山关闭。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“It makes people think of California’s gold-mining history．Come visit Bodie and see what life was like in the 1800s.”可知，游客可以了解博迪的金矿开采历史。故选D。
24．C 25．D 26．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了Greg Mortenson帮助巴基斯坦和阿富汗的孩子建造学校的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据“When he tried to climb the mountain in 1993, snow, ice, and bad weather made Mortenson turn back.”可知，由于天气不好，Mortenson放弃了攀登K2。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据“Mortenson even sold his personal things to raise money.”及“Since then, Mortenson has built more than 75 schools in Pakistan and Afghanistan...Mortenson’s goal is to use education to bring peace into this often dangerous area.”可知，Mortenson是一个慷慨且乐于助人的人。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据“There he saw a group of children writing in the dirt with sticks．He learned that they had no pens or pencils, no books—not even a school or a teacher．Mortenson planned to build them a school.”可知，Mortenson在Korphe村看到了一群孩子在用棍子在泥土上写字，所以决定给他们建一所学校，虽然筹钱很困难，但是他还是竭尽所能筹钱。所以，Korphe村促使他为当地儿童建起了学校。故选B。
27．C 28．C 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。20世纪30年代美国大平原遭遇严重干旱，因过度耕作和砍伐树木导致土壤流失，造成沙尘暴，这是美国史上最严重的自然灾害。
27．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了美国大平原地区的人们因过度耕作和砍伐导致土壤流失，进而形成沙尘暴的环境问题。因此，这篇文章很可能来自一份环境报告，而非新闻报道、旅游指南或生物学杂志。故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段最后的“and cutting down most of the trees”可知，大平原上的大部分树木被砍伐（c）；根据第二段第二句中的“This was the beginning of a terrible drought”以及第三句中的“The beautiful wheat fields dried up”可知，发生了可怕的干旱，而且田地干涸了（b）；根据第二段第三句的后半句“and the crops died”以及第四句“Then there were no plants to keep the soil in place.”可知，接着庄稼死亡，没有植物可以固定土壤（a）；根据第三段中的“Then the wind started to blow.”以及“the wind gathered up the soil into huge black clouds”可知，风吹起土壤，聚集成巨大的黑云（d）。因此，尘暴形成的顺序是c-b-a-d。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“causing many people to get sick”“and farm animals died without food”以及“The Great Plains became known as the Dust Bowl.”可知，在文章中提到，沙尘暴使得人们生病（A项），动物因为没有食物而死亡（C项），大平原变成了尘暴区（D项），但并未提到田地受到污染。故选B。
30．观点态度题。文章中提到“This was the worst natural disaster ever to hit the United States”，这句话是对尘暴事件的评价和看法，因此A选项“这是最严重的自然灾害”是文章中的一个观点。B、C、D三个选项都是对尘暴现象的描述，而非观点。故选A。
31．B 32．D 33．D 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文讲述了Joseph Davranche的家庭因贫穷寄希望于他的叔叔Jules，Jules在美国和南美寻找机会，虽然他们很久没有收到他的消息，但家里的人对他的期待和希望却在增长。
31．细节理解题。根据“We had to save money on everything．My two sisters made their own dresses．And if I lost my buttons or tore a hole in my trousers, my mother would be very angry.”可知，作者的两个姐姐自己做裙子；妈妈会因为纽扣掉了或者裤子破了一个洞而生气。所以作者是通过举例子的方式来表明他们每件事情上都在省钱。故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据“When I became rich, I shall return to Havre.”和“Once that good Jules returns, our life will be different.”可知，叔叔在信中说他变有钱了就会回到Havre，妈妈也希望叔叔回来后他们的生活会有所不同，所以作者全家期望叔叔回家是因为他们希望叔叔带着他的钱回来改善生活。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据“When I became rich, I shall return to Havre．I hope that it will not be too long and that we shall all live happily together.”可知，叔叔在信中说等他有钱了就会回家，然后全家人快乐地生活在一起，所以家人总是将信给每个人看是为了告诉别人他们的生活会变得更好。故选D。
34．词句猜测题。根据“Uncle Jules spent all of the money that should go to my father, after he had used up all of his own money.”和“He hoped he could make up for the harm he had done to my father.”和“Jules, someone not worth his salt until then, suddenly became a good man”可知，曾经的叔叔在花完自己的钱后将本该属于作者父亲的钱也花光，而如今却希望能弥补他对父亲造成的伤害，叔叔曾经是那么不值一提的人，突然变成了一个好人。所以D选项“一个没用的人”符合“someone not worth his salt”词义。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据“My Uncle Jules was the only hope of my family, after being its only fear.”可知，Jules叔叔曾经是他们全家的恐惧。故选B。
36．against
【详解】句意：爸爸，为什么不把钢琴放在客厅靠墙的地方呢？根据“why not put the piano…the wall in the living room”以及汉语提示可知，空后为“the wall”，空处应填介词against“紧靠”。故填against。
37．avoid
【详解】句意：采取行动避免火灾风险对我们来说很重要。avoid“避免”，动词；take action to do sth.“采取行动做某事”，动词短语，空前为“to”，空处应填动词原形。故填avoid。
38．meaningful
【详解】句意：我的父亲经常告诉我如果没有学习和工作的话生活是无意义的。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填meaningful“有意义的”，形容词作表语。故填meaningful。
39．spread
【详解】句意：防止个人信息在互联网上的传播是必要的。“扩散”的英文是“spread”；the后接名词，spread的名词是spread。故填spread。
40．wisely
【详解】句意：我成功的秘诀是努力工作和智慧地计划我的时间。根据汉语提示可知，wisely表示“智慧地”，副词修饰动词“plan”，故填wisely。
41．impolite
【详解】句意：当人们排队吃饭时，试图插队是不礼貌的。根据“When people are queuing for a meal”以及提示词可知，此处应表示排队时插队是不礼貌的，因此用impolite“不礼貌的”，形容词作表语。故填impolite。
42．training
【详解】句意：Lisa小时候喜欢跳舞，并且在六岁时接受了训练。train可作名词，意为“火车”，作动词意为“训练”。根据“received”可知，receive为动词，后面应接名词，根据句意可知，此处需要用“训练”之意，training“训练”，名词。故填training。
43．difference
【详解】句意：知道某件事是真实的和说出它为什么是真的之间有很大的区别。设空处应填写提示词的名词形式作主语，difference“差异；不同”，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数。故填difference。
44．to stay
【详解】句意：我必须离开，因为我父母不允许我在外面待到很晚。stay out late“在外待到很晚”，动词短语；根据“allow me”可知，allow sb．to do“允许某人做某事”，因此此处应用动词不定式。故填to stay。
45．be punished
【详解】句意：每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚。根据“Everyone has to obey the school rules, or you will…”可知，此处指每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚；主语“you”与动词“punish”之间为动宾关系，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be done”，空前为will，空处应填be punished。故填be punished。
46． How can
【详解】句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间来节约用水。划线部分是方式状语，疑问句用how来提问，句首首字母需大写；原句中谓语部分有情态动词can，一般疑问句中需把情态动词提前。故填How；can。
47． afford to
【详解】句意：安妮今年夏天没有钱去度假。根据“doesn’t have money”可知，表示“没有钱”，也就是“负担不起”，因此可换为can’t afford to do sth.，故填afford；to。
48． too to
【详解】句意：詹森不够勇敢去参加这个讨论。结合句意可知，句意不变可以改为“too + 形容词/副词原级 + to + 动词原形”的句式，表示“太……以至于不……”。故填too；to。
49． of to
【详解】句意：苏微笑着向我打招呼。她很友好。根据汉语要求可知，原句可以表达为“It’s friendly … Sue … greet me with a smile.”，此处为it固定句型，It is +adj．+for/ of sb．to do，此处形容词friendly为形容人的美好品格，因此用of。故填of；to。
50． been on
【详解】句意：电影《Be My Friend》十分钟前就开始了。根据句中“for fifteen minutes”和空前“has”可知，此处为现在完成时，start为非延续性动词，不能和时间段连用，需要变为be on，be的过去分词为been。故填been；on。
51．E 52．F 53．C 54．A 55．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了最新产品Sora再次震惊了世界。
51．根据“OpenAI has once again surprised the world with its latest AI tool, Sora.”可知，此处讲“做了什么使世界震惊”，E选项“它可以制作长达一分钟的视频。”符合，故选E。
52．根据“Many people worry that the tool will put many filmmakers out of business.”及“Many people are afraid that industries (产业) such as translation, teaching and design will all disappear (消失).”可知，此处承上启下，引出其他行业的担忧，F选项“自从使用ChatGPT以来，类似的担忧就一直不绝于耳闻。”符合，故选F。
53．根据“Even in the age of AI, knowledge is still power.”及“AI knows a lot, but for now at least, it needs instructions.”可知，此处与“知识”有关，C选项“事实上，AI可能需要你学习更多。”符合，故选C。
54．根据“You also need to exercise your imagination (想象力) more actively.”及“You need to describe your instructions with more details, such as time, places and persons.”可知，此处与“你”有关，A选项“你不能事事依赖Sora。”符合，故选A。
55．根据“After an AI tool gives you an answer, you need to decide if all the information is correct by yourself.”可知，此处与“判断对错”有关，B选项“记住，人工智能也会犯错。”符合，故选B。
56．writer 57．experiences 58．early 59．finishing 60．until##till 61．popular##welcome 62．Both 63．ideas##opinions##thoughts 64．If 65．interested
【导语】本文主要讲述了著名的儿童作家Roald Dahl的相关事迹。
56．根据第二段中“Mr．Dahl is one of the most-read writers of children’s books.”可知，Roald Dahl是一位著名的儿童作家。故填writer。
57．根据表格中“He was born in 1916．He liked stories about strange livings things at an…age.”可知，此处应介绍他的生活经历，应填复数名词experiences“经历”。故填experiences。
58．根据第四段中“She told him and his sisters stories when they were young．He enjoyed the stories about giants and other strange living things.”可知，他很小的时候就喜欢关于奇怪生物的故事。at an early age“很小时候”，故填early。
59．根据第三段中“After he finished school in England, he lived in many different places such as Newfoundland, Tanzania, Africa, and Washington, DC.”可知，毕业后，他去过很多地方。after是介词，后跟名词finishing作宾语。故填finishing。
60．根据第五段中“Mr．Dahl started to write his famous books for children after he had children of his own.”可知，直到他有了自己的孩子，他才开始写儿童读物，应用until/till引导时间状语从句，故填until/till。
61．根据第一段中“If you have, you are one of thousands of children who have read stories by Roald Dahl.”以及第二段中“Mr．Dahl is one of the most-read writers of children’s books.”以及“And it is not just children who like his works.”可知，他的书很受孩子们的欢迎。popular/welcom“受欢迎的”，形容词作表语。故填popular/welcome。
62．根据第二段中“And it is not just children who like his works．Adults do too.”可知，孩子和大人都喜欢他的作品，应用both“两者都”。故填Both。
63．根据表格中“…you want to write good children’s stories, you should see the world through children’s eyes.”可知，此处应介绍他的观点，应填复数名词ideas/opinions/thoughts。故填ideas/opinions/thoughts。
64．根据第五段中“He thought that he was good at writing these stories because he could see the world through children’s eyes.”可知，如果你想写出好的儿童故事，你应该通过儿童的眼睛看世界，应用if引导条件状语从句。故填If。
65．通读全文可知，Roald Dahl认为写出来的故事应该让读者感兴趣。keep sb interested“使某人感兴趣”，故填interested。
66．(e)verywhere 67．(t)hem 68．(w)orked 69．(s)uccessful 70．(u)sed 71．(b)rushes 72．(d)escribes 73．(s)kill(s) 74．(c)opy 75．(c)ollected
【导语】本文主要讲述了数千年来，中国人对龙充满敬意。在中国，龙的图案随处可见，尤其在宫殿和寺庙。南宋画家陈容的《九龙图》是龙题材的经典之作。
66．句意：在中国，你几乎到处都会发现龙的图片，尤其是在宫殿和寺庙里。根据句意以及首字母e提示可知，空格处需要填入一个副词来修饰“almost”，表示“几乎到处都是”的意思。故填(e)verywhere。
67．句意：许多中国艺术家都尝试过画龙。南宋时期的伟大画家陈容就是其中之一。根据“Many Chinese artists have tried their hand at painting the dragon．Chen Rong, a great painter in the Southern Song Dynasty, was among t...”和首字母t提示，可以推断出空格处应填写代词“them”，代指前面提到的“Many Chinese artists”。故填(t)hem。
68．句意：他曾经为杭州的政府工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词的过去式，根据首字母“w”和语境可知，最合适的词是“worked”，表示“工作”。故填(w)orked。
69．句意：作为一个官员，他不是很成功。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个形容词来修饰“he”，与后文的“However”形成转折关系。根据首字s提示可知，最合适的词是“successful”，表示“成功的”。故填(s)uccessful。
70．句意：据说陈容习惯于在喝了很多酒之后画画。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词短语，表示陈容过去的一个习惯或行为。根据首字母“u”和语境可知，最合适的短语是“used to”，表示“过去常常做某事”。故填(u)sed。
71．句意：他会用画笔来完成他的作品。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，作为“use”的宾语，表示陈容用来完成画作的工具。根据语境和首字母b提示可知，画家在完成画作时通常使用“brush”（刷子，画笔），因为画作是多个元素的组合，用复数形式“brushes”。故填(b)rushes。
72．句意：这幅画描绘了九条龙在云、浪、火和悬崖之间翻滚、游泳和跳舞。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词，作为句子的谓语，描述《九龙图》这幅画的内容。根据语境和首字母“d”可知，最合适的动词是“describe”，表示“描绘，描述”，主语为The painting，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填((d)escribes。
73．句意：它展示了陈容生活中的巨大悲伤和他在书法上的高超技艺。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，描述陈荣在毛笔字方面的特点。根据语境和首字母“s”，最合适的名词是“skill”，表示“技能，技艺”，表示多项技能时，用复数形式，此处没有明确规定，单复数均可。故填(s)kill(s)。
74．句意：他非常喜欢这幅画，以至于他让一位画家复制了一幅。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个名词，作为“make”的宾语。根据语境和首字母“c”，最合适的名词是“copy”，表示“复制品，副本”，空前有a，用单数形式。故填(c)opy。
75．句意：遗憾的是，《九龙图》没有被任何中国博物馆收藏。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词的过去分词形式，与“is not”一起构成被动语态，表示《九龙图》的当前状态。根据语境和首字母“c”，最合适的动词是“collect”，其过去分词形式是“collected”，表示“被收藏”。故填(c)ollected。
76．例文
Act for a Better City
Hello, everyone! Today I will give a speech and the title is “Act for a Better City”．What can we do to make Nanjing a better place to live in
Good manners play a very important role in social development．We should not talk loudly in public and we should wait in line when we buy things．What’s more, we can do some voluntary work to make the community better and better．For example, we can bring a bag when we take a walk in the community．When we see rubbish on the ground, we can pick it up．Besides, we can ride bikes or walk to schools instead of going by car．We should plant more trees and flowers to make the city more beautiful.
Let’s work together to build a better Nanjing.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿；
②时态：时态为一般现在时；
③提示：根据提示内容介绍如何建设更美好的南京，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题；
第二步，从良好礼仪、志愿活动以及绿色生活等几个方面介绍如何建设更美好的南京；
第三步，发出号召。
[亮点词汇]
①play a very important role in在……中发挥重要的作用
②wait in line排队等候
③pick up捡起
[高分句型]
①For example, we can bring a bag when we take a walk in the community．(when引导的时间状语从句)
②We should plant more trees and flowers to make the city more beautiful．(动词不定式作目的状语)
同课章节目录