江苏省无锡市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 江苏省无锡市2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-07-23 14:38:13 | ||
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2024年春学期无锡市初中学业水平调研测试
八年级英语试题
本试题分两卷，第I卷（客观题）在第1至第6页，第II卷（主观题）在第7至第8页，考试时间为100分钟，试卷满分为100分。
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡的相应位置上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号是否与本人的相符合。
2．答客观题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的正确选项涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能写在试题卷上。
3．答主观题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔作答，答案写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷客观题（共50分）
一、单项选择
在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1．—________ did you get to Huishan Ancient Town yesterday
—By underground.
A．Why B．Where C．What D．How
2．Climb ________ this hill, and you will see a beautiful lake.
A．over B．against C．opposite D．across
3．—Do you have any advice on doing word processing
—Remember not to exit the program ________ you click the “Save” icon.
A．since B．until C．after D．while
4．— I just had a test and now I am so nervous.
—You ________ change anything．Try to get some coffee and have a rest.
A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t
5．— Have you finished reading the book Oliver Twist
— Not yet．I ________ it for nearly a month I’m going to the library to renew it.
A．have bought B．have borrowed C．have had D．have kept
6．—Have you heard of the saying “Fall down seven times, stand up eight.”
—Yes, it means you may fail many times, but you keep going to ________ your dreams.
A．achieve B．record C．choose D．change
7．—Now scientists are starting using AI to talk with animals in their languages.
—Sounds ________ to be true．How does it work
A．good enough B．too good C．easy enough D．too easy
8．It is said that the Paris 2024 Olympic Games ________ on July 26th.
A．hold B．are held C．will be held D．will hold
9．—Think about being rich like those actors and singers．It must be great!
—You see, ________．All that matters is what you have now.
A．the early bird catches the worm B．it never rains but it pours
C．the grass is always greener on the other side D．actions speak louder than words
10．—It seems you are getting used to and enjoying the life here in the modern city.
—________．In fact, I like the peaceful and quiet life in the countryside.
A．Not really B．Not exactly C．You got it D．You bet
二、完形填空
先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
One day Susie Smith came home from school．As soon as she came into the living room, she cried.
“What’s the matter, my dear ” said her mother, drawing her daughter to her side and smiling．“All our class must in compositions (作文) tomorrow, but I never can write one．I know I shall have to go to school without a composition, for I won’t copy one from a book, or ask you or papa to write one for me.” sobbed (啜泣) Susie.
“That is right, my dear,” said her mother．“You will be far with a poor composition, if it is all your own, than with a fine one written by somebody else．But cheer up．You have not right．Run into the garden and play．I will call you in half an hour．Don’t think about your composition but have a good time.” said Mrs．Smith.
It seemed a few to Susie before she heard her mother’s voice calling her．She went into the house at once—her hands full of sweet flowers, and her red with exercise．“Now, Susie,” said her mother, “I want you to sit by the window and write something about what you can .”
Susie thought her mother’s request (要求) was , but she followed．She took the paper and pencil, and sat by the window．She saw the birds flying past the window outside．, words began to flow (流动) from her mind onto the paper．She wrote about the sunset clouds, the flowers and the birds．Just as she had reached the of the page, her mother came in．“Well, Susie,” said her mother, “how does that composition come on ”
“A composition! Is that a composition ” Susie asked in surprise.
Mrs．Smith read what Susie had written．She said, “There, Susie, that’s a very nice composition, .” Then she added, “I’m sure it will please your teacher, as it does me．You see, it’s easy enough to write a composition if you have anything interesting to write about.”
11．A．push B．take C．hand D．get
12．A．crazier B．happier C．shier D．luckier
13．A．begun B．finished C．continued D．improved
14．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．days
15．A．hair B．knees C．face D．cars
16．A．hear B．touch C．learn D．see
17．A．strange B．rude C．polite D．serious
18．A．Certainly B．Mainly C．Usually D．Suddenly
19．A．top B．foot C．bottom D．side
20．A．indeed B．moreover C．instead D．otherwise
三、阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
A
London is the capital city of England in the United Kingdom.
Parks and Green Space There are about 3,000 parks and areas of public green space across the city．Eight of the parks are known as Royal Parks．Richmond Park is the largest Royal Park and is home to about 630 deer which roam (漫步) free．London became the world’s first National Park City in 2019. Fun Facts
The Great Fire of London wrecked (双天) many of the city’s buildings in 1666.
The National History Museum has many important dinosaur fossils (化石) .
A polar bear once used to live in the Tower of London.
The Underground is the oldest in the world.
·Buckingham Palace ·Palace of Westminster ·Tower of London ·Tower Bridge ·The British Museum Born in London·King Charles III, king of the United Kingdom ·Daniel Radcliffe, actor known for playing Harry Porter ·Adele, singer and songwriter
21．The picture above is an introduction to ________.
A．London B．Adele C．buildings D．museums
22．Richmond Park is ________.
A．the largest theme park B．the home to about 630 deer
C．the first national park D．the home to King Charles III
23．Which of the following is most suitable for ____▲____
A．Sights to see B．Background to learn
C．Towers in London D．Celebrations in London
B
Here is the index (索引) and an excerpt (节选) from a book on China.
Index
(A-N) art, 21-23 Beijing, 52, 67 Chinese calendar, 18-19 economy, 23-40 emperors, Ming, 16-20 see also Hongwu and Yongle Forbidden City, 11, 67-68 Grand Canal, 60-63 Great Wall., 45-50 Hongwu period, 33-51 maps 55, 148 Nanjing, 52, 67 paper money, 24 philosophy, 45-50 (R-Z) religion Buddhism, 78-81 Chinese folk, 75-78 Taoism, 81-83 silk, 17, 23 society customs, 131-135 jobs, 121, 145-147 social classes, 53-57, 120,131 trade, 60, 72, 121, 130 warfare civil war, 167-169 with Japan, 174-180 with Mongolia, 180-183 Yongle period, 52-69 Zheng He, 55, 148-151 zoo, 57 Emperor Yongle (young-LAW) was one of the most powerful emperors (皇帝) in the Ming dynasty．He ruled for 22 years and made many cultural advances．One of his achievement s was the Forbidden City.
24．How many wars can you find in the index
A．Only one. B．Two wars. C．Three wars. D．Four wars.
25．On which page would you probably find the picture on the right
A．Page 11. B．Page 21. C．Page 46. D．Page 70.
26．What can we learn from the excerpt about Emperor Yongle
A．He had been the king for twenty years.
B．He made no difference to the Forbidden City.
C．He was the first emperor in the Ming dynasty.
D．He was a powerful emperor in the Ming dynasty.
27．What is this book mainly about according to the index
A．The capital city. B．Emperor Yongle. C．The Ming dynasty. D．Emperor Hongwu.
C
When the duke arrived, the king explained his plan.
“I’m going to be Harvey Wilks and you’re going to be my brother William,” he said．“You are deaf．Huck! You’re our servant.”
We went down to Peter Wilks’ village．“Can anyone tell me where Mr Peter Wilks lives ” the king asked the people．One man replied in a gentle voice, “I’m sorry, sir．We can only tell you where he lived yesterday evening.”
“Oh, no! Our poor brother! We’ve arrived too late.” the king said, and tears ran down his face．He turned and made some signs to the duke, who also started crying．The king and the duke played their parts very well．I walked behind them with my head down.
When we got to the house, three girls were standing at the door．They were Peter Wilks’ nieces (侄女)．They hugged the king and the duke．Then the king and the duke saw the coffin in the corner of the living room and started crying so loudly．The girls were crying, too．I felt very bad for them.
After a while, one of the girls took out a letter and gave it to the king．He opened it and read it aloud．“I leave my house and three thousand dollars in gold to my three nieces．And I leave my other property (财产) and three thousand dollars in gold to my brothers, Harvey and William.”
The letter also said that the six thousand dollars in gold was in the cellar．The king offered to go down and get it in no time．When they saw the pile of gold, their eyes shone as bright as the coins themselves.
“I’ve got a good idea,” the duke said．“Let’s give the girls all the gold! We don’t want people to be suspicious.”
“An excellent idea!” the king said．“And then we’ll find a way of getting it back later.”
We went back to the living room．The king made a nice speech (发言)．“Friends! Our brother was a good, kind man．He looked after these poor girls when they were very young．I’m sure he wanted to leave them all his money．So, girls, take it all!” And he handed the bag to the girls．Everybody cheered, “what dear, how kind they are!”
There was one man who wasn’t smiling．He stood at the door watching everything and listening.
—Adapted from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
28．How did Huck feel when he followed the king and the duke
A．He felt a sense of shame. B．He felt a sense of fear.
C．He felt a sense of sadness. D．He felt a sense of happiness.
29．What does the underlined word “suspicious” mean in this story
A．Taking pity on the girls. B．Thinking why they are so rich.
C．Getting interested in the gold. D．Questioning who they really are.
30．What can we infer from the story
A．The king and the duke were good actors before.
B．Peter Wilks died from an accident all of a sudden.
C．The king and the duke came for the money on purpose.
D．Peter Wilks used to tell the three girls their uncles’ stories.
31．Which is the best title for this story
A．An Important LetterB．A Big LieC．An Excellent SpeechD．A Kind Man
D
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is an area in the ocean which has a huge floating collection of plastic waste．It is located in the North Pacific Ocean．According to some reports, it is around 1.6 million square kilometers in size．This is so big that it now covers an area of the ocean similar to six times the size of the United Kingdom.
Most of the plastic is not large items like bottles or boards．A large percentage of the debris (碎片) is made up of “microplastics” (smaller than 5 millimeters)．These microplastics are the tiny pieces of larger items that have been worn down over time．This can be caused by the sun, the waves and even by sea creatures (生物)．Items do not just stay floating on the water．Different types of plastics can float just below the water or even much lower down into the ocean．Larger items include fishing ropes and nets that have been lost or dropped at sea.
The largest attempt (尝试) in history is now being made to understand and deal with the problem．Scientists have been counting, weighing and separating every tiny item of plastic collected．Larger items are easier to remove from the ocean than the tiny microplastics．However, if these larger items are not removed, they may break down into smaller pieces.
This means it can stay in the environment for hundreds of years, so every piece of plastic ever produced is still there today．It is also a danger to fish, birds and other sea life because creatures mistake tiny plastics for food．The tiny microplastics take in pollutants which make them poisonous (有毒的) to sea life．Some larger plastics can also hurt creatures．The nets floating in the ocean are known to catch sea life and make it impossible for them to get away．Fish, sea turtles and dolphins are among the creatures in great danger from these “ghost nets”.
Of course, the best solution of all is for us to try to reduce the plastic entering the oceans first．If we want to create less waste to reuse and recycle, then we can reduce the number of new plastics adding to this and other garbage patches.
32．The writer talked about the size of the garbage patch in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A．show how serious the problem is B．guess where plastic waste can be found
C．explain how big the UK’s area is D．discuss how the garbage patch formed
33．The following sentence would be best placed at the beginning of ________.
Plastic is cheap and quite easy to make, however, it is very long-lasting.
A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
34．What can we learn about microplastics
A．They are from the sea. B．They are easier to clean up.
C．They are the food to the birds. D．They are formed over time.
35．Why is plastic harmful to sea creatures
A．Because larger plastics take their living area in the ocean.
B．Because different types of plastics can get down into the ocean.
C．Because people try to create less waste by reusing and recycling.
D．Because sea creatures may die as they eat polluted microplastics.
第II卷主观题（共50分）
四、词汇运用
根据句意和汉语注释，在答题卡对应题号的横线上，写出单词的正确形式。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．Getting vitamin D from______ (直接的) sunlight is far from enough.
37．He borrowed a book to learn about Wuxi’s______ (过去) and present.
38．A bad eating______ (习惯) may cause serious health problems, especially for kids.
39．Schools and parents need to work______ (密切地) to support students.
40．The visitors are advised not to______ (冒险做) going to sea in bad weather.
41．Zhang Chi, one of the driving______ (教练), realizes his dream as a racer in Pegasus 2.
42．Sadly, there are millions of people in the world who can’t______ (买得起) food.
43．Doing housework like cooking and cleaning helps us learn______ (基础的) skills.
44．Whenever he was asked why he was late, he would answer______ (满不在乎地).
45．The man is busy______ (挖) holes in the garden to plant trees.
五、综合阅读（本节共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，然后根据首字母提示填入一个单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
As the sun rises over his tea plantation in Ning’ er County in Pu’ er．Yunnan Province, Li Xingchang walks a 46 examining the tea trees and smelling their aroma (芳香).
So far, the 69-year-old 47 (spend) almost forty years planting and making Pu’ er tribute tea, which was once produced for the royal family during the Qing dynasty (1616-1911).
“From the time I started making tea, I felt like it was part of my 48 (live).” says Li, a family inheritor (传承人) of the technique of making Pu’ er tribute tea.
Last November, Pu’ er tea 49 (include) on the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质文化遗产) of Humanity.
Li’s family began making Pu’ er tribute tea during the reign of Emperor Yongzheng (1723-1735)．He is now the 50 (eight) generation (一代人).
When Li was a child, he would go to the plantation with his parents to pick 51 (leaf) at harvest time．The ancient plantation was his playground．Most of his childhood memories 52 (come) from it, such as climbing tea trees and playing games with his friends.
In 1987, Li started learning h 53 to make Pu’ er tribute tea from his mother, who he said was very strict．It took him 10 years to make tea to win his mother’s approval.
“If I didn’t do well, she would throw away the tea or refuse 54 (drink) the tea I made．W 55 one day, she smiled after taking a sip, I knew I had made it,” recalls Li.
第二节（本节共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
Chaii Stop is a café in Preston, England．It recently received much attention after its owner made a new rule．The rule says that customers will pay different prices for desi chai, a kind of drink, according to how polite they are at the time of placing their orders.
If customers come in and just say “desi chai”, they will pay 5 for one cup．If they say “desi chai, please”, they’ll get the drink for 3．Better still, if they say “Hello, desi chai, please”, the drink will only cost 1.9.
Usman Hussain, the owner of the shop, came up with the idea．As for why he made the rule．he said, “I think it’s a nice way to remind people to use their manners.”
Hussain made a sign to tell customers the rule．And he has yet to ask someone to pay 5 for the drink．“If one doesn’t use his manners, I’ll point to the sign, and he’ll quickly ask again more politely．”said Hussain.
“A lot of people can be quite rude in the morning while they’re waking up．But the sign makes them think when they see it．And at the end of the day, you never know what someone is going through to make them act rudely．This sign may help them drop their guard (戒备).” Hussain added.
根据短文内容回答问题 (每小题答案不超过7个单词)。
56．Where is the café Chaii Stop
____________________________________________________________________________
57．If someone is polite enough, how much does he need to pay for the drink at least
____________________________________________________________________________
58．What did Hussain do to tell customers the rule
____________________________________________________________________________
59．When are people easy to be rude (List one period.)
____________________________________________________________________________
60．What do you think of the new rule
____________________________________________________________________________
六、书面表达（本大题共20分）
61．仁者爱人，乐善好施是中华民族的传统美德。9月5日是国际慈善日，你校为了宣传慈善。打算在假期以“Willing Hands, Willing Hearts”为主题开展演讲大赛。假设你是李华，打算参加此项活动，谈谈你的慈善认知和规划，请根据以下要点提示，写一篇英文演讲稿。要点如下：
1．What kind of charity do you want to introduce
2．What can you do for this charity
3．Why do we need to help people in need
（参考慈善机构：Project Hope, ORBIS, Oxfam, UNICEF, WWF）
注意事项：
（1）演讲稿须包括所给提示内容，可作适当发挥，要求语句通顺，意思连贯；
（2）词数不少于90个，演讲稿的标题与开头已在答题卡上给出，不计入总词数：
（3）文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息；
（4）演讲稿内容必须写在答题卡的指定位置上。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．D
【详解】句意：——你昨天是怎么去惠山古镇的？——乘坐地铁。
考查特殊疑问句。Why为什么；Where在那里；What什么；How如何。根据“By underground.”可知，问句是提问方式，用How。故选D。
2．A
【详解】句意：爬过这座山，你就会看到一个美丽的湖。
考查介词辨析。over越过；against倚靠、对抗；opposite在对面；across横跨。根据“this hill, and you will see a beautiful lake.”可知指爬过山，意为翻越，选项A符合。故选A。
3．B
【详解】句意：—— 你对文字处理有什么建议吗？—— 记住，在你点击“保存”图标之前不要退出程序。
考查从属连词辨析。since自从；until直到；after在……之后；while当……时。根据空前“Remember not to exit the program”和空后“you click the Save icon”可知，不要退出程序直到点击保存图标，应用until引导时间状语从句。故选B。
4．C
【详解】句意：——我刚刚做了一个测试，现在我很紧张。——你无法改变任何事情。试着喝点咖啡休息一下。
考查情态动词。needn’t不需要； mustn’t禁止； can’t不能； shouldn’t不应该。由“...change anything．Try to get some coffee and have a rest.”可知，此处是在开导对方，让对方不要再想测试了，因为已经结束了，无法再改变它，应用can’t。故选C。
5．D
【详解】句意：—— 你读完《雾都孤儿》这本书了吗？ —— 还没有。我已经借了将近一个月了，我打算去图书馆续借。
考查现在完成时延续性和非延续性动词。have bought买；have borrowed借；have had拥有；have kept保持，保留。根据后文“I’m going to the library to renew it.”可知，要去图书馆续借这本书，前一句描述的是这本书已经借过来将近一个月，空处应该填表示“持有，保留”的词，“for nearly a month ”是一段时间，需要和延续性动词连用。故填D。
6．A
【详解】句意：——你听说过“七次跌倒，八次站起来”这句话吗？——是的，这意味着你可能会失败很多次，但你会继续努力实现你的梦想。
考查动词辨析。achieve达到；record记录；choose选择；change改变。根据横线后是梦想，所以是实现梦想。故选A。
7．B
【详解】句意：——现在，科学家们开始使用人工智能用动物的语言与它们交谈。——听起来好得令人难以置信。它是如何工作的？
考查语法。根据too...to...表示“太……而不能”，结合句意可知，此处意为“听起来好得令人难以置信”，故选B。
8．C
【详解】句意：据说2024年巴黎奥运会将于7月26日举行。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，奥运会是“被举行”；再根据“Paris 2024 Olympic Games ..．on July 26th.”可知，时态要用一般将来时，故此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done。故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：——想象一下像那些演员和歌手一样富有。那一定很棒！ ——你看，这山望着那山高。重要的是你现在所拥有的。
考查习语。the early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃；it never rains but it pours祸不单行；the grass is always greener on the other side这山望着那山高；action speaks louder than words行动胜于言辞。根据“Think about being rich like those actors and singers．It must be great!”和“All that matters is what you have now.”可知，认为那些演员和歌手很富有，条件比自己好，所以此处应用“The grass is always greener on the other side”来形容对方不满足现状，总是羡慕别人，觉得得不到的总是更有诱惑力。故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：——看来你已经习惯并享受着这里的现代城市生活了。——其实不然。事实上，我喜欢乡村宁静平和的生活。
考查情景交际。Not really不完全是，不见得；Not exactly不完全是这样，并非如此；You got it你猜对了；You bet说对了，当然。根据“you are getting used to and enjoying the life here in the modern city.”和“In fact, I like the peaceful and quiet life in the countryside.”可知，喜欢乡村的宁静平和的时候，说明并不是真的已经习惯并享受着城市生活，也就是纠正对方的看法。故选A。
11．C 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了苏西的妈妈用一种巧妙的方法教会了女儿写作文的故事。
11．句意：我们班明天必须交作文，但我一篇也写不出来。
push推；take拿；hand交；get得到。结合选项和“All our class must...in compositions (作文) tomorrow”可知，本题考查短语hand in“上交”。故选C。
12．句意：如果是你自己写的作文即使不好也比抄袭别人优秀的作文让你快乐得多。
crazier更疯狂的；happier更快乐的；shier更害羞的；luckier更幸运的。结合选项和“You will be far...with a poor composition, if it is all your own, than with a fine one written by somebody else.”可知，苏西的妈妈认为就算自己写的作文很糟糕，但是也比抄袭别人优秀的作文更快乐。故选B。
13．句意：你还没有开始。
begun开始；finished完成；continued继续；improved提高。根据下文“Run into the garden and play．I will call you in half an hour．Don’t think about your composition but have a good time.”可知，苏西还没有开始写作文。故选A。
14．句意：对于苏西来说似乎才过了几分钟就听到妈妈在叫她。
seconds秒钟；minutes分钟；hours小时；days天。根据上文“I will call you in half an hour.”和下文“her hands full of sweet flowers”可推知，苏西玩得很开心，这使得她觉得时间过得很快，半个小时就好像只有几分钟。故选B。
15．句意：她立刻走进屋里——她的手里满是甜美的花朵，她的脸因运动而发红。
hair头发；knees膝盖；face脸；cars车。结合选项和“her...red with exercise”可知，此处表示苏西的脸因运动而发红。故选C。
16．句意：我想让你坐在窗边，写一些你所看到的东西。
hear听见；touch触摸；learn学习；see看见。根据“She saw the birds flying past the window outside.”可知，此处表示妈妈让苏西写下看见的东西。故选D。
17．句意：苏西觉得她妈妈的要求很奇怪，但她还是照做了。
strange奇怪的；rude粗鲁的；polite有礼貌的；serious严肃的。根据“Susie thought her mother’s request (要求) was...but she followed.”中的but和选项可知，前后句是转折关系，表示虽然苏西觉得她妈妈的要求很奇怪，但她还是照做了。故选A。
18．句意：突然，文字开始从她的脑海中流动到纸上。
Certainly当然；Mainly主要地；Usually通常；Suddenly突然。结合选项和下文“She wrote about the sunset clouds, the flowers and the birds.”可知，苏西突然想到了很多可以描述的美景，并且她把这些美景都写下来了。故选D。
19．句意：正当她写完这一页，她妈妈进来了。
top顶部；foot脚；bottom底部；side边。根据上文“words began to flow (流动) from her mind onto the paper．She wrote about the sunset clouds, the flowers and the birds.”可知，苏西写了很多东西，所以此处表示她写到了这页的底部。故选C。
20．句意：苏西，这的确是一篇非常好的作文。
indeed的确；moreover此外；instead代替；otherwise否则。结合选项和“that’s a very nice composition...”可知，此处表示这的确是一篇非常好的作文。故选A。
21．A 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了有关伦敦的一些情况。
21．推理判断题。根据“London is the capital city of England in the United Kingdom.”可知，是关于伦敦的介绍。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“Richmond Park is the largest Royal Park and is home to about 630 deer which roam free.”可知，里士满公园是最大的皇家公园，是大约630只自由漫步的鹿的家园；B选项表述正确。故选B。
23．标题归纳题。根据表格中的“The National History Museum”和“Eight of the parks”以及“Buckingham Palace”、“Palace of Westminster”、“Tower of London”、“Tower Bridge”、“The British Museum”可知，介绍的是伦敦的景点，所以空白处应是“要看的地方”。故选A。
24．C 25．C 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文介绍了一本书的索引和摘录。
24．细节理解题。根据“warfare”和“civil war, 167-169; with Japan, 174-180; with Mongolia, 180-183”可知，在索引里可以找到三场战争。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“Great Wall., 45-50”可知，在书的46页，可以找到改图。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“Emperor Yongle (young-LAW) was one of the most powerful emperors (皇帝) in the Ming dynasty.”可知，永乐帝是明朝最有权势的皇帝之一。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据“emperors, Ming, 16-20”和“Emperor Yongle (young-LAW) was one of the most powerful emperors (皇帝) in the Ming dynasty.”可推断，这本书是关于明朝的。故选C。
28．A 29．D 30．C 31．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了国王和公爵假扮成彼得 威尔克斯的兄弟，来到他的村庄，假装悲伤地得知彼得已去世，并在葬礼上表现出对侄女的关心。通过宣读遗嘱，他们发现彼得留给侄女们三千金币，而另三千金币则留给了“兄弟”们。国王和公爵决定将金币全部给侄女们，以赢得村民的信任和好感。
28．推理判断题。根据第四段“The king and the duke played their parts very well．I walked behind them with my head down”可知，哈克跟在国王和公爵后面的时会感觉很羞愧。故选A。
29．词义猜测题。根据划线词前句“Let’s give the girls all the gold”可知，这样做是为了不让人们产生怀疑。所以suspicious意为“怀疑”，即质疑他们的身份。故选D。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段“I’m going to be Harvey Wilks and you’re going to be my brother William”以及“And I leave my other property and three thousand dollars in gold to my brothers, Harvey and William.”可知，国王和公爵假冒别人，是故意来要钱的。故选C。
31．标题归纳题。根据第二段“I’m going to be Harvey Wilks and you’re going to be my brother William”和“And I leave my other property and three thousand dollars in gold to my brothers, Harvey and William.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了国王和公爵假扮成彼得 威尔克斯的兄弟，来到他的村庄，假装悲伤地得知彼得已去世，并在葬礼上表现出对侄女的关心。通过宣读遗嘱，他们发现彼得留给侄女们三千金币，而另三千金币则留给了“兄弟”们。国王和公爵决定将金币全部给侄女们，以赢得村民的信任和好感。所以本文的最佳标题是“一个弥天大谎”。故选B。
32．A 33．C 34．D 35．D
【导语】本文简要介绍了形成太平洋垃圾带形成的原因——微塑料。作者向读者介绍了微塑料的危害，号召大家少向海洋扔塑料垃圾。
32．主旨大意题。根据第一段“This is so big that it now covers an area of the ocean similar to six times the size of the United Kingdom.”可知，作者在第一段中谈到了垃圾带的大小，以表明这个问题的严重性。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段“This means it can stay in the environment for hundreds of years, so every piece of plastic ever produced is still there today.”可知第四段提到塑料是可以在环境中停留数百年，强调了它的耐用持久性，所以改句可以置于第四段开头。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段“These microplastics are the tiny pieces of larger items that have been worn down over time.”可知，微塑料是随着时间的推移而形成的。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据第四段“It is also a danger to fish, birds and other sea life because creatures mistake tiny plastics for food．The tiny microplastics take in pollutants which make them poisonous to sea life.”可知，塑料对海洋生物有害是因为海洋生物吃了被污染的微塑料可能会死亡。故选D。
36．direct
【详解】句意：从阳光直射中获取维生素D是远远不够的。表达“直接的”用形容词direct，此处是形容词作定语。故填direct。
37．past
【详解】句意：他借了一本书来了解无锡的过去和现在。根据汉语提示，应填past“过去”，名词。故填past。
38．habit
【详解】句意：不良的饮食习惯可能会导致严重的健康问题，尤其是对孩子来说。habit“习惯”，a修饰可数名词单数，故填habit。
39．closely
【详解】句意：学校和家长需要密切合作来支持学生。根据汉语“密切地”提示，应用副词closely来修饰动词work。故填closely。
40．risk
【详解】句意：建议游客在恶劣天气下不要冒险出海。risk“冒……的风险”，动词；be advised not to do sth“被建议不要做某事”。故填risk。
41．coaches
【详解】句意：张弛，驾驶教练之一，在《飞驰人生2》中实现了他作为赛车手的梦想。根据中文提示，coach“教练”，又根据one of+名词复数表示“……中之一”，空处用名词复数，coach变复数为coaches，故填coaches。
42．afford
【详解】句意：可悲的是，世界上有数百万人买不起食物。afford“买得起”，动词；can’t后接动词原形。故填afford。
43．basic
【详解】句意：做家务，比如做饭和打扫卫生，有助于我们学习基础技能。“基础的”的英文表达是basic，形容词。故填basic。
44．carelessly
【详解】句意：每当有人问他为什么迟到时，他总是满不在乎地回答。修饰动词answer用副词。表达“满不在乎地”用副词carelessly。故填carelessly。
45．digging
【详解】句意：男人正忙着在花园里挖洞种树。dig“挖”，动词；be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，动词要用动名词，dig的动名词为digging。故填digging。
46．(a)round 47．has spent 48．life 49．was included 50．eighth 51．leaves 52．came 53．(h)ow 54．to drink 55．(W)hen
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了李兴昌，一位在云南省普洱市宁洱县经营茶园的茶艺大师的故事。
46．句意：云南省，李兴昌四处走动，检查茶树，闻它们的香气。由“walks”和所给首字母a可知，此空考查短语walk around四处走动。故填(a)round。
47．句意：到目前为止，这位69岁的老人已经花了将近40年的时间种植和制作普洱贡茶，这种茶曾在清朝（1616-1911）为皇室生产。由“So far”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done。由“the 69-year-old”可知，主语为第三人称单数。故填has spent。
48．句意：从我开始制茶的那一刻起，我就觉得这是我生活的一部分。由“my”可知，此空填名词，live名词为life生活。故填life。
49．句意：去年11月，普洱茶被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。由“Last November”可知时态为一般过去时，由于“Pu’ er tea”和“on the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage”是被动包含关系，需用结构was/were done表达被动关系。Pu’ er tea为第三人称单数。故填was included。
50．句意：他现在是第八代了。由于“the”后接序数词，eight序数词为eighth。故填eighth。
51．句意：当李还是个孩子的时候，他会在收获的时候和父母一起去种植园摘树叶。由“pick”和括号内所给词可知，leaf用复数形式leaves表泛指。故填leaves。
52．句意：他童年的大部分记忆都来自它，比如爬茶树和与朋友玩游戏。由“childhood memories”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填came。
53．句意：1987年，李开始向母亲学习如何制作普洱贡茶，他说母亲非常严格。由“learning”和“to make”以及所给首字母可知，此空填how，how+不定式表示怎样做。故填(h)ow。
54．句意：如果我做得不好，她会把茶扔掉或拒绝喝我泡的茶。由“refuse”和括号内所给词可知，此空考查refuse to do用法。故填to drink。
55．句意：“有一天，她抿了一口后笑了，我知道我做到了，”李回忆道。由“one day”和所给首字母可知，此空填when当……时。故填(W)hen。
56．In Preston, England./In Preston./In England． 57．(He needs to pay at least) 1.9 pounds． 58．He made a sign./He pointed to the sign he made． 59．In the morning while they’re waking up./At the end of the day． 60．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：It helps people to be more polite.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一家咖啡馆以礼貌程度来规定一种饮料的价格的故事。
56．根据第一段“Chaii Stop is a café in Preston, England.”可知，Chaii Stop是英国普雷斯顿的一家咖啡馆。故填In Preston, England./In Preston./In England.
57．根据第二段“Better still, if they say ‘Hello, desi chai, please’, the drink will only cost 1.9.”可知，如果有人足够有礼貌，他至少要付1.9英镑。故填(He needs to pay at least) 1.9 pounds.
58．根据第四段“Hussain made a sign to tell customers the rule.”和“If one doesn’t use his manners, I’ll point to the sign, and he’ll quickly ask again more politely,”可知，侯赛因做了一个指示牌来告诉顾客规则；或者，他指着他做的指示牌告诉顾客规则。故填He made a sign./He pointed to the sign he made.
59．根据最后一段“A lot of people can be quite rude in the morning while they’re waking up.”以及“And at the end of the day, you never know what someone is going through to make them act rudely.”可知，早上醒来的时候或者在一天结束的时候，人们表现得粗鲁。故填In the morning while they’re waking up./At the end of the day.
60．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：It helps people to be more polite.
61．例文
Willing Hands, Willing Hearts
Kindness is catching．There’re many charities around the world．Among them, I want to talk about UNICEF．It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world．For example, it provides basic education for children in poor areas.
I’m ready to help the children in need．I would like to send warm clothes and new books to them．I can also donate my pocket money．What’s more, I want to teach in mountain areas when I grow up.
Little help can make a big difference．Helping others can make us feel better about our life.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：文章应该包括三个方面的内容要点，要适当补充，使文章内容充实；行文时多用第一人称和第三人称，尽量多使用短语和句型；写作中适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、顺畅。
[写作步骤]
第一步，点题，介绍自己想要介绍的慈善机构；
第二步，具体阐述自己能为这个慈善机构做的事情；
第三步，最后讲述我们帮助他人的意义。
[亮点词汇]
①all over the world全世界
②provide sth for sb为某人提供某物
③be ready to do准备好做某事
[高分句型]
①What’s more, I want to teach in mountain areas when I grow up.（时间状语从句）
②Helping others can make us feel better about our life.（动名词作主语）
八年级英语试题
本试题分两卷，第I卷（客观题）在第1至第6页，第II卷（主观题）在第7至第8页，考试时间为100分钟，试卷满分为100分。
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡的相应位置上，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号是否与本人的相符合。
2．答客观题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的正确选项涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能写在试题卷上。
3．答主观题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔作答，答案写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷客观题（共50分）
一、单项选择
在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
1．—________ did you get to Huishan Ancient Town yesterday
—By underground.
A．Why B．Where C．What D．How
2．Climb ________ this hill, and you will see a beautiful lake.
A．over B．against C．opposite D．across
3．—Do you have any advice on doing word processing
—Remember not to exit the program ________ you click the “Save” icon.
A．since B．until C．after D．while
4．— I just had a test and now I am so nervous.
—You ________ change anything．Try to get some coffee and have a rest.
A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t
5．— Have you finished reading the book Oliver Twist
— Not yet．I ________ it for nearly a month I’m going to the library to renew it.
A．have bought B．have borrowed C．have had D．have kept
6．—Have you heard of the saying “Fall down seven times, stand up eight.”
—Yes, it means you may fail many times, but you keep going to ________ your dreams.
A．achieve B．record C．choose D．change
7．—Now scientists are starting using AI to talk with animals in their languages.
—Sounds ________ to be true．How does it work
A．good enough B．too good C．easy enough D．too easy
8．It is said that the Paris 2024 Olympic Games ________ on July 26th.
A．hold B．are held C．will be held D．will hold
9．—Think about being rich like those actors and singers．It must be great!
—You see, ________．All that matters is what you have now.
A．the early bird catches the worm B．it never rains but it pours
C．the grass is always greener on the other side D．actions speak louder than words
10．—It seems you are getting used to and enjoying the life here in the modern city.
—________．In fact, I like the peaceful and quiet life in the countryside.
A．Not really B．Not exactly C．You got it D．You bet
二、完形填空
先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
One day Susie Smith came home from school．As soon as she came into the living room, she cried.
“What’s the matter, my dear ” said her mother, drawing her daughter to her side and smiling．“All our class must in compositions (作文) tomorrow, but I never can write one．I know I shall have to go to school without a composition, for I won’t copy one from a book, or ask you or papa to write one for me.” sobbed (啜泣) Susie.
“That is right, my dear,” said her mother．“You will be far with a poor composition, if it is all your own, than with a fine one written by somebody else．But cheer up．You have not right．Run into the garden and play．I will call you in half an hour．Don’t think about your composition but have a good time.” said Mrs．Smith.
It seemed a few to Susie before she heard her mother’s voice calling her．She went into the house at once—her hands full of sweet flowers, and her red with exercise．“Now, Susie,” said her mother, “I want you to sit by the window and write something about what you can .”
Susie thought her mother’s request (要求) was , but she followed．She took the paper and pencil, and sat by the window．She saw the birds flying past the window outside．, words began to flow (流动) from her mind onto the paper．She wrote about the sunset clouds, the flowers and the birds．Just as she had reached the of the page, her mother came in．“Well, Susie,” said her mother, “how does that composition come on ”
“A composition! Is that a composition ” Susie asked in surprise.
Mrs．Smith read what Susie had written．She said, “There, Susie, that’s a very nice composition, .” Then she added, “I’m sure it will please your teacher, as it does me．You see, it’s easy enough to write a composition if you have anything interesting to write about.”
11．A．push B．take C．hand D．get
12．A．crazier B．happier C．shier D．luckier
13．A．begun B．finished C．continued D．improved
14．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．days
15．A．hair B．knees C．face D．cars
16．A．hear B．touch C．learn D．see
17．A．strange B．rude C．polite D．serious
18．A．Certainly B．Mainly C．Usually D．Suddenly
19．A．top B．foot C．bottom D．side
20．A．indeed B．moreover C．instead D．otherwise
三、阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
A
London is the capital city of England in the United Kingdom.
Parks and Green Space There are about 3,000 parks and areas of public green space across the city．Eight of the parks are known as Royal Parks．Richmond Park is the largest Royal Park and is home to about 630 deer which roam (漫步) free．London became the world’s first National Park City in 2019. Fun Facts
The Great Fire of London wrecked (双天) many of the city’s buildings in 1666.
The National History Museum has many important dinosaur fossils (化石) .
A polar bear once used to live in the Tower of London.
The Underground is the oldest in the world.
·Buckingham Palace ·Palace of Westminster ·Tower of London ·Tower Bridge ·The British Museum Born in London·King Charles III, king of the United Kingdom ·Daniel Radcliffe, actor known for playing Harry Porter ·Adele, singer and songwriter
21．The picture above is an introduction to ________.
A．London B．Adele C．buildings D．museums
22．Richmond Park is ________.
A．the largest theme park B．the home to about 630 deer
C．the first national park D．the home to King Charles III
23．Which of the following is most suitable for ____▲____
A．Sights to see B．Background to learn
C．Towers in London D．Celebrations in London
B
Here is the index (索引) and an excerpt (节选) from a book on China.
Index
(A-N) art, 21-23 Beijing, 52, 67 Chinese calendar, 18-19 economy, 23-40 emperors, Ming, 16-20 see also Hongwu and Yongle Forbidden City, 11, 67-68 Grand Canal, 60-63 Great Wall., 45-50 Hongwu period, 33-51 maps 55, 148 Nanjing, 52, 67 paper money, 24 philosophy, 45-50 (R-Z) religion Buddhism, 78-81 Chinese folk, 75-78 Taoism, 81-83 silk, 17, 23 society customs, 131-135 jobs, 121, 145-147 social classes, 53-57, 120,131 trade, 60, 72, 121, 130 warfare civil war, 167-169 with Japan, 174-180 with Mongolia, 180-183 Yongle period, 52-69 Zheng He, 55, 148-151 zoo, 57 Emperor Yongle (young-LAW) was one of the most powerful emperors (皇帝) in the Ming dynasty．He ruled for 22 years and made many cultural advances．One of his achievement s was the Forbidden City.
24．How many wars can you find in the index
A．Only one. B．Two wars. C．Three wars. D．Four wars.
25．On which page would you probably find the picture on the right
A．Page 11. B．Page 21. C．Page 46. D．Page 70.
26．What can we learn from the excerpt about Emperor Yongle
A．He had been the king for twenty years.
B．He made no difference to the Forbidden City.
C．He was the first emperor in the Ming dynasty.
D．He was a powerful emperor in the Ming dynasty.
27．What is this book mainly about according to the index
A．The capital city. B．Emperor Yongle. C．The Ming dynasty. D．Emperor Hongwu.
C
When the duke arrived, the king explained his plan.
“I’m going to be Harvey Wilks and you’re going to be my brother William,” he said．“You are deaf．Huck! You’re our servant.”
We went down to Peter Wilks’ village．“Can anyone tell me where Mr Peter Wilks lives ” the king asked the people．One man replied in a gentle voice, “I’m sorry, sir．We can only tell you where he lived yesterday evening.”
“Oh, no! Our poor brother! We’ve arrived too late.” the king said, and tears ran down his face．He turned and made some signs to the duke, who also started crying．The king and the duke played their parts very well．I walked behind them with my head down.
When we got to the house, three girls were standing at the door．They were Peter Wilks’ nieces (侄女)．They hugged the king and the duke．Then the king and the duke saw the coffin in the corner of the living room and started crying so loudly．The girls were crying, too．I felt very bad for them.
After a while, one of the girls took out a letter and gave it to the king．He opened it and read it aloud．“I leave my house and three thousand dollars in gold to my three nieces．And I leave my other property (财产) and three thousand dollars in gold to my brothers, Harvey and William.”
The letter also said that the six thousand dollars in gold was in the cellar．The king offered to go down and get it in no time．When they saw the pile of gold, their eyes shone as bright as the coins themselves.
“I’ve got a good idea,” the duke said．“Let’s give the girls all the gold! We don’t want people to be suspicious.”
“An excellent idea!” the king said．“And then we’ll find a way of getting it back later.”
We went back to the living room．The king made a nice speech (发言)．“Friends! Our brother was a good, kind man．He looked after these poor girls when they were very young．I’m sure he wanted to leave them all his money．So, girls, take it all!” And he handed the bag to the girls．Everybody cheered, “what dear, how kind they are!”
There was one man who wasn’t smiling．He stood at the door watching everything and listening.
—Adapted from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
28．How did Huck feel when he followed the king and the duke
A．He felt a sense of shame. B．He felt a sense of fear.
C．He felt a sense of sadness. D．He felt a sense of happiness.
29．What does the underlined word “suspicious” mean in this story
A．Taking pity on the girls. B．Thinking why they are so rich.
C．Getting interested in the gold. D．Questioning who they really are.
30．What can we infer from the story
A．The king and the duke were good actors before.
B．Peter Wilks died from an accident all of a sudden.
C．The king and the duke came for the money on purpose.
D．Peter Wilks used to tell the three girls their uncles’ stories.
31．Which is the best title for this story
A．An Important LetterB．A Big LieC．An Excellent SpeechD．A Kind Man
D
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is an area in the ocean which has a huge floating collection of plastic waste．It is located in the North Pacific Ocean．According to some reports, it is around 1.6 million square kilometers in size．This is so big that it now covers an area of the ocean similar to six times the size of the United Kingdom.
Most of the plastic is not large items like bottles or boards．A large percentage of the debris (碎片) is made up of “microplastics” (smaller than 5 millimeters)．These microplastics are the tiny pieces of larger items that have been worn down over time．This can be caused by the sun, the waves and even by sea creatures (生物)．Items do not just stay floating on the water．Different types of plastics can float just below the water or even much lower down into the ocean．Larger items include fishing ropes and nets that have been lost or dropped at sea.
The largest attempt (尝试) in history is now being made to understand and deal with the problem．Scientists have been counting, weighing and separating every tiny item of plastic collected．Larger items are easier to remove from the ocean than the tiny microplastics．However, if these larger items are not removed, they may break down into smaller pieces.
This means it can stay in the environment for hundreds of years, so every piece of plastic ever produced is still there today．It is also a danger to fish, birds and other sea life because creatures mistake tiny plastics for food．The tiny microplastics take in pollutants which make them poisonous (有毒的) to sea life．Some larger plastics can also hurt creatures．The nets floating in the ocean are known to catch sea life and make it impossible for them to get away．Fish, sea turtles and dolphins are among the creatures in great danger from these “ghost nets”.
Of course, the best solution of all is for us to try to reduce the plastic entering the oceans first．If we want to create less waste to reuse and recycle, then we can reduce the number of new plastics adding to this and other garbage patches.
32．The writer talked about the size of the garbage patch in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A．show how serious the problem is B．guess where plastic waste can be found
C．explain how big the UK’s area is D．discuss how the garbage patch formed
33．The following sentence would be best placed at the beginning of ________.
Plastic is cheap and quite easy to make, however, it is very long-lasting.
A．Paragraph 2 B．Paragraph 3 C．Paragraph 4 D．Paragraph 5
34．What can we learn about microplastics
A．They are from the sea. B．They are easier to clean up.
C．They are the food to the birds. D．They are formed over time.
35．Why is plastic harmful to sea creatures
A．Because larger plastics take their living area in the ocean.
B．Because different types of plastics can get down into the ocean.
C．Because people try to create less waste by reusing and recycling.
D．Because sea creatures may die as they eat polluted microplastics.
第II卷主观题（共50分）
四、词汇运用
根据句意和汉语注释，在答题卡对应题号的横线上，写出单词的正确形式。（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
36．Getting vitamin D from______ (直接的) sunlight is far from enough.
37．He borrowed a book to learn about Wuxi’s______ (过去) and present.
38．A bad eating______ (习惯) may cause serious health problems, especially for kids.
39．Schools and parents need to work______ (密切地) to support students.
40．The visitors are advised not to______ (冒险做) going to sea in bad weather.
41．Zhang Chi, one of the driving______ (教练), realizes his dream as a racer in Pegasus 2.
42．Sadly, there are millions of people in the world who can’t______ (买得起) food.
43．Doing housework like cooking and cleaning helps us learn______ (基础的) skills.
44．Whenever he was asked why he was late, he would answer______ (满不在乎地).
45．The man is busy______ (挖) holes in the garden to plant trees.
五、综合阅读（本节共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，然后根据首字母提示填入一个单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
As the sun rises over his tea plantation in Ning’ er County in Pu’ er．Yunnan Province, Li Xingchang walks a 46 examining the tea trees and smelling their aroma (芳香).
So far, the 69-year-old 47 (spend) almost forty years planting and making Pu’ er tribute tea, which was once produced for the royal family during the Qing dynasty (1616-1911).
“From the time I started making tea, I felt like it was part of my 48 (live).” says Li, a family inheritor (传承人) of the technique of making Pu’ er tribute tea.
Last November, Pu’ er tea 49 (include) on the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质文化遗产) of Humanity.
Li’s family began making Pu’ er tribute tea during the reign of Emperor Yongzheng (1723-1735)．He is now the 50 (eight) generation (一代人).
When Li was a child, he would go to the plantation with his parents to pick 51 (leaf) at harvest time．The ancient plantation was his playground．Most of his childhood memories 52 (come) from it, such as climbing tea trees and playing games with his friends.
In 1987, Li started learning h 53 to make Pu’ er tribute tea from his mother, who he said was very strict．It took him 10 years to make tea to win his mother’s approval.
“If I didn’t do well, she would throw away the tea or refuse 54 (drink) the tea I made．W 55 one day, she smiled after taking a sip, I knew I had made it,” recalls Li.
第二节（本节共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
Chaii Stop is a café in Preston, England．It recently received much attention after its owner made a new rule．The rule says that customers will pay different prices for desi chai, a kind of drink, according to how polite they are at the time of placing their orders.
If customers come in and just say “desi chai”, they will pay 5 for one cup．If they say “desi chai, please”, they’ll get the drink for 3．Better still, if they say “Hello, desi chai, please”, the drink will only cost 1.9.
Usman Hussain, the owner of the shop, came up with the idea．As for why he made the rule．he said, “I think it’s a nice way to remind people to use their manners.”
Hussain made a sign to tell customers the rule．And he has yet to ask someone to pay 5 for the drink．“If one doesn’t use his manners, I’ll point to the sign, and he’ll quickly ask again more politely．”said Hussain.
“A lot of people can be quite rude in the morning while they’re waking up．But the sign makes them think when they see it．And at the end of the day, you never know what someone is going through to make them act rudely．This sign may help them drop their guard (戒备).” Hussain added.
根据短文内容回答问题 (每小题答案不超过7个单词)。
56．Where is the café Chaii Stop
____________________________________________________________________________
57．If someone is polite enough, how much does he need to pay for the drink at least
____________________________________________________________________________
58．What did Hussain do to tell customers the rule
____________________________________________________________________________
59．When are people easy to be rude (List one period.)
____________________________________________________________________________
60．What do you think of the new rule
____________________________________________________________________________
六、书面表达（本大题共20分）
61．仁者爱人，乐善好施是中华民族的传统美德。9月5日是国际慈善日，你校为了宣传慈善。打算在假期以“Willing Hands, Willing Hearts”为主题开展演讲大赛。假设你是李华，打算参加此项活动，谈谈你的慈善认知和规划，请根据以下要点提示，写一篇英文演讲稿。要点如下：
1．What kind of charity do you want to introduce
2．What can you do for this charity
3．Why do we need to help people in need
（参考慈善机构：Project Hope, ORBIS, Oxfam, UNICEF, WWF）
注意事项：
（1）演讲稿须包括所给提示内容，可作适当发挥，要求语句通顺，意思连贯；
（2）词数不少于90个，演讲稿的标题与开头已在答题卡上给出，不计入总词数：
（3）文中不得提及真实的人名、校名等相关信息；
（4）演讲稿内容必须写在答题卡的指定位置上。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．D
【详解】句意：——你昨天是怎么去惠山古镇的？——乘坐地铁。
考查特殊疑问句。Why为什么；Where在那里；What什么；How如何。根据“By underground.”可知，问句是提问方式，用How。故选D。
2．A
【详解】句意：爬过这座山，你就会看到一个美丽的湖。
考查介词辨析。over越过；against倚靠、对抗；opposite在对面；across横跨。根据“this hill, and you will see a beautiful lake.”可知指爬过山，意为翻越，选项A符合。故选A。
3．B
【详解】句意：—— 你对文字处理有什么建议吗？—— 记住，在你点击“保存”图标之前不要退出程序。
考查从属连词辨析。since自从；until直到；after在……之后；while当……时。根据空前“Remember not to exit the program”和空后“you click the Save icon”可知，不要退出程序直到点击保存图标，应用until引导时间状语从句。故选B。
4．C
【详解】句意：——我刚刚做了一个测试，现在我很紧张。——你无法改变任何事情。试着喝点咖啡休息一下。
考查情态动词。needn’t不需要； mustn’t禁止； can’t不能； shouldn’t不应该。由“...change anything．Try to get some coffee and have a rest.”可知，此处是在开导对方，让对方不要再想测试了，因为已经结束了，无法再改变它，应用can’t。故选C。
5．D
【详解】句意：—— 你读完《雾都孤儿》这本书了吗？ —— 还没有。我已经借了将近一个月了，我打算去图书馆续借。
考查现在完成时延续性和非延续性动词。have bought买；have borrowed借；have had拥有；have kept保持，保留。根据后文“I’m going to the library to renew it.”可知，要去图书馆续借这本书，前一句描述的是这本书已经借过来将近一个月，空处应该填表示“持有，保留”的词，“for nearly a month ”是一段时间，需要和延续性动词连用。故填D。
6．A
【详解】句意：——你听说过“七次跌倒，八次站起来”这句话吗？——是的，这意味着你可能会失败很多次，但你会继续努力实现你的梦想。
考查动词辨析。achieve达到；record记录；choose选择；change改变。根据横线后是梦想，所以是实现梦想。故选A。
7．B
【详解】句意：——现在，科学家们开始使用人工智能用动物的语言与它们交谈。——听起来好得令人难以置信。它是如何工作的？
考查语法。根据too...to...表示“太……而不能”，结合句意可知，此处意为“听起来好得令人难以置信”，故选B。
8．C
【详解】句意：据说2024年巴黎奥运会将于7月26日举行。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，奥运会是“被举行”；再根据“Paris 2024 Olympic Games ..．on July 26th.”可知，时态要用一般将来时，故此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为will be done。故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：——想象一下像那些演员和歌手一样富有。那一定很棒！ ——你看，这山望着那山高。重要的是你现在所拥有的。
考查习语。the early bird catches the worm早起的鸟儿有虫吃；it never rains but it pours祸不单行；the grass is always greener on the other side这山望着那山高；action speaks louder than words行动胜于言辞。根据“Think about being rich like those actors and singers．It must be great!”和“All that matters is what you have now.”可知，认为那些演员和歌手很富有，条件比自己好，所以此处应用“The grass is always greener on the other side”来形容对方不满足现状，总是羡慕别人，觉得得不到的总是更有诱惑力。故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：——看来你已经习惯并享受着这里的现代城市生活了。——其实不然。事实上，我喜欢乡村宁静平和的生活。
考查情景交际。Not really不完全是，不见得；Not exactly不完全是这样，并非如此；You got it你猜对了；You bet说对了，当然。根据“you are getting used to and enjoying the life here in the modern city.”和“In fact, I like the peaceful and quiet life in the countryside.”可知，喜欢乡村的宁静平和的时候，说明并不是真的已经习惯并享受着城市生活，也就是纠正对方的看法。故选A。
11．C 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．D 17．A 18．D 19．C 20．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了苏西的妈妈用一种巧妙的方法教会了女儿写作文的故事。
11．句意：我们班明天必须交作文，但我一篇也写不出来。
push推；take拿；hand交；get得到。结合选项和“All our class must...in compositions (作文) tomorrow”可知，本题考查短语hand in“上交”。故选C。
12．句意：如果是你自己写的作文即使不好也比抄袭别人优秀的作文让你快乐得多。
crazier更疯狂的；happier更快乐的；shier更害羞的；luckier更幸运的。结合选项和“You will be far...with a poor composition, if it is all your own, than with a fine one written by somebody else.”可知，苏西的妈妈认为就算自己写的作文很糟糕，但是也比抄袭别人优秀的作文更快乐。故选B。
13．句意：你还没有开始。
begun开始；finished完成；continued继续；improved提高。根据下文“Run into the garden and play．I will call you in half an hour．Don’t think about your composition but have a good time.”可知，苏西还没有开始写作文。故选A。
14．句意：对于苏西来说似乎才过了几分钟就听到妈妈在叫她。
seconds秒钟；minutes分钟；hours小时；days天。根据上文“I will call you in half an hour.”和下文“her hands full of sweet flowers”可推知，苏西玩得很开心，这使得她觉得时间过得很快，半个小时就好像只有几分钟。故选B。
15．句意：她立刻走进屋里——她的手里满是甜美的花朵，她的脸因运动而发红。
hair头发；knees膝盖；face脸；cars车。结合选项和“her...red with exercise”可知，此处表示苏西的脸因运动而发红。故选C。
16．句意：我想让你坐在窗边，写一些你所看到的东西。
hear听见；touch触摸；learn学习；see看见。根据“She saw the birds flying past the window outside.”可知，此处表示妈妈让苏西写下看见的东西。故选D。
17．句意：苏西觉得她妈妈的要求很奇怪，但她还是照做了。
strange奇怪的；rude粗鲁的；polite有礼貌的；serious严肃的。根据“Susie thought her mother’s request (要求) was...but she followed.”中的but和选项可知，前后句是转折关系，表示虽然苏西觉得她妈妈的要求很奇怪，但她还是照做了。故选A。
18．句意：突然，文字开始从她的脑海中流动到纸上。
Certainly当然；Mainly主要地；Usually通常；Suddenly突然。结合选项和下文“She wrote about the sunset clouds, the flowers and the birds.”可知，苏西突然想到了很多可以描述的美景，并且她把这些美景都写下来了。故选D。
19．句意：正当她写完这一页，她妈妈进来了。
top顶部；foot脚；bottom底部；side边。根据上文“words began to flow (流动) from her mind onto the paper．She wrote about the sunset clouds, the flowers and the birds.”可知，苏西写了很多东西，所以此处表示她写到了这页的底部。故选C。
20．句意：苏西，这的确是一篇非常好的作文。
indeed的确；moreover此外；instead代替；otherwise否则。结合选项和“that’s a very nice composition...”可知，此处表示这的确是一篇非常好的作文。故选A。
21．A 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了有关伦敦的一些情况。
21．推理判断题。根据“London is the capital city of England in the United Kingdom.”可知，是关于伦敦的介绍。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“Richmond Park is the largest Royal Park and is home to about 630 deer which roam free.”可知，里士满公园是最大的皇家公园，是大约630只自由漫步的鹿的家园；B选项表述正确。故选B。
23．标题归纳题。根据表格中的“The National History Museum”和“Eight of the parks”以及“Buckingham Palace”、“Palace of Westminster”、“Tower of London”、“Tower Bridge”、“The British Museum”可知，介绍的是伦敦的景点，所以空白处应是“要看的地方”。故选A。
24．C 25．C 26．D 27．C
【导语】本文介绍了一本书的索引和摘录。
24．细节理解题。根据“warfare”和“civil war, 167-169; with Japan, 174-180; with Mongolia, 180-183”可知，在索引里可以找到三场战争。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“Great Wall., 45-50”可知，在书的46页，可以找到改图。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“Emperor Yongle (young-LAW) was one of the most powerful emperors (皇帝) in the Ming dynasty.”可知，永乐帝是明朝最有权势的皇帝之一。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据“emperors, Ming, 16-20”和“Emperor Yongle (young-LAW) was one of the most powerful emperors (皇帝) in the Ming dynasty.”可推断，这本书是关于明朝的。故选C。
28．A 29．D 30．C 31．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了国王和公爵假扮成彼得 威尔克斯的兄弟，来到他的村庄，假装悲伤地得知彼得已去世，并在葬礼上表现出对侄女的关心。通过宣读遗嘱，他们发现彼得留给侄女们三千金币，而另三千金币则留给了“兄弟”们。国王和公爵决定将金币全部给侄女们，以赢得村民的信任和好感。
28．推理判断题。根据第四段“The king and the duke played their parts very well．I walked behind them with my head down”可知，哈克跟在国王和公爵后面的时会感觉很羞愧。故选A。
29．词义猜测题。根据划线词前句“Let’s give the girls all the gold”可知，这样做是为了不让人们产生怀疑。所以suspicious意为“怀疑”，即质疑他们的身份。故选D。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段“I’m going to be Harvey Wilks and you’re going to be my brother William”以及“And I leave my other property and three thousand dollars in gold to my brothers, Harvey and William.”可知，国王和公爵假冒别人，是故意来要钱的。故选C。
31．标题归纳题。根据第二段“I’m going to be Harvey Wilks and you’re going to be my brother William”和“And I leave my other property and three thousand dollars in gold to my brothers, Harvey and William.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了国王和公爵假扮成彼得 威尔克斯的兄弟，来到他的村庄，假装悲伤地得知彼得已去世，并在葬礼上表现出对侄女的关心。通过宣读遗嘱，他们发现彼得留给侄女们三千金币，而另三千金币则留给了“兄弟”们。国王和公爵决定将金币全部给侄女们，以赢得村民的信任和好感。所以本文的最佳标题是“一个弥天大谎”。故选B。
32．A 33．C 34．D 35．D
【导语】本文简要介绍了形成太平洋垃圾带形成的原因——微塑料。作者向读者介绍了微塑料的危害，号召大家少向海洋扔塑料垃圾。
32．主旨大意题。根据第一段“This is so big that it now covers an area of the ocean similar to six times the size of the United Kingdom.”可知，作者在第一段中谈到了垃圾带的大小，以表明这个问题的严重性。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段“This means it can stay in the environment for hundreds of years, so every piece of plastic ever produced is still there today.”可知第四段提到塑料是可以在环境中停留数百年，强调了它的耐用持久性，所以改句可以置于第四段开头。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段“These microplastics are the tiny pieces of larger items that have been worn down over time.”可知，微塑料是随着时间的推移而形成的。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据第四段“It is also a danger to fish, birds and other sea life because creatures mistake tiny plastics for food．The tiny microplastics take in pollutants which make them poisonous to sea life.”可知，塑料对海洋生物有害是因为海洋生物吃了被污染的微塑料可能会死亡。故选D。
36．direct
【详解】句意：从阳光直射中获取维生素D是远远不够的。表达“直接的”用形容词direct，此处是形容词作定语。故填direct。
37．past
【详解】句意：他借了一本书来了解无锡的过去和现在。根据汉语提示，应填past“过去”，名词。故填past。
38．habit
【详解】句意：不良的饮食习惯可能会导致严重的健康问题，尤其是对孩子来说。habit“习惯”，a修饰可数名词单数，故填habit。
39．closely
【详解】句意：学校和家长需要密切合作来支持学生。根据汉语“密切地”提示，应用副词closely来修饰动词work。故填closely。
40．risk
【详解】句意：建议游客在恶劣天气下不要冒险出海。risk“冒……的风险”，动词；be advised not to do sth“被建议不要做某事”。故填risk。
41．coaches
【详解】句意：张弛，驾驶教练之一，在《飞驰人生2》中实现了他作为赛车手的梦想。根据中文提示，coach“教练”，又根据one of+名词复数表示“……中之一”，空处用名词复数，coach变复数为coaches，故填coaches。
42．afford
【详解】句意：可悲的是，世界上有数百万人买不起食物。afford“买得起”，动词；can’t后接动词原形。故填afford。
43．basic
【详解】句意：做家务，比如做饭和打扫卫生，有助于我们学习基础技能。“基础的”的英文表达是basic，形容词。故填basic。
44．carelessly
【详解】句意：每当有人问他为什么迟到时，他总是满不在乎地回答。修饰动词answer用副词。表达“满不在乎地”用副词carelessly。故填carelessly。
45．digging
【详解】句意：男人正忙着在花园里挖洞种树。dig“挖”，动词；be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”，动词要用动名词，dig的动名词为digging。故填digging。
46．(a)round 47．has spent 48．life 49．was included 50．eighth 51．leaves 52．came 53．(h)ow 54．to drink 55．(W)hen
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了李兴昌，一位在云南省普洱市宁洱县经营茶园的茶艺大师的故事。
46．句意：云南省，李兴昌四处走动，检查茶树，闻它们的香气。由“walks”和所给首字母a可知，此空考查短语walk around四处走动。故填(a)round。
47．句意：到目前为止，这位69岁的老人已经花了将近40年的时间种植和制作普洱贡茶，这种茶曾在清朝（1616-1911）为皇室生产。由“So far”可知，此句时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done。由“the 69-year-old”可知，主语为第三人称单数。故填has spent。
48．句意：从我开始制茶的那一刻起，我就觉得这是我生活的一部分。由“my”可知，此空填名词，live名词为life生活。故填life。
49．句意：去年11月，普洱茶被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。由“Last November”可知时态为一般过去时，由于“Pu’ er tea”和“on the UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage”是被动包含关系，需用结构was/were done表达被动关系。Pu’ er tea为第三人称单数。故填was included。
50．句意：他现在是第八代了。由于“the”后接序数词，eight序数词为eighth。故填eighth。
51．句意：当李还是个孩子的时候，他会在收获的时候和父母一起去种植园摘树叶。由“pick”和括号内所给词可知，leaf用复数形式leaves表泛指。故填leaves。
52．句意：他童年的大部分记忆都来自它，比如爬茶树和与朋友玩游戏。由“childhood memories”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填came。
53．句意：1987年，李开始向母亲学习如何制作普洱贡茶，他说母亲非常严格。由“learning”和“to make”以及所给首字母可知，此空填how，how+不定式表示怎样做。故填(h)ow。
54．句意：如果我做得不好，她会把茶扔掉或拒绝喝我泡的茶。由“refuse”和括号内所给词可知，此空考查refuse to do用法。故填to drink。
55．句意：“有一天，她抿了一口后笑了，我知道我做到了，”李回忆道。由“one day”和所给首字母可知，此空填when当……时。故填(W)hen。
56．In Preston, England./In Preston./In England． 57．(He needs to pay at least) 1.9 pounds． 58．He made a sign./He pointed to the sign he made． 59．In the morning while they’re waking up./At the end of the day． 60．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：It helps people to be more polite.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一家咖啡馆以礼貌程度来规定一种饮料的价格的故事。
56．根据第一段“Chaii Stop is a café in Preston, England.”可知，Chaii Stop是英国普雷斯顿的一家咖啡馆。故填In Preston, England./In Preston./In England.
57．根据第二段“Better still, if they say ‘Hello, desi chai, please’, the drink will only cost 1.9.”可知，如果有人足够有礼貌，他至少要付1.9英镑。故填(He needs to pay at least) 1.9 pounds.
58．根据第四段“Hussain made a sign to tell customers the rule.”和“If one doesn’t use his manners, I’ll point to the sign, and he’ll quickly ask again more politely,”可知，侯赛因做了一个指示牌来告诉顾客规则；或者，他指着他做的指示牌告诉顾客规则。故填He made a sign./He pointed to the sign he made.
59．根据最后一段“A lot of people can be quite rude in the morning while they’re waking up.”以及“And at the end of the day, you never know what someone is going through to make them act rudely.”可知，早上醒来的时候或者在一天结束的时候，人们表现得粗鲁。故填In the morning while they’re waking up./At the end of the day.
60．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：It helps people to be more polite.
61．例文
Willing Hands, Willing Hearts
Kindness is catching．There’re many charities around the world．Among them, I want to talk about UNICEF．It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world．For example, it provides basic education for children in poor areas.
I’m ready to help the children in need．I would like to send warm clothes and new books to them．I can also donate my pocket money．What’s more, I want to teach in mountain areas when I grow up.
Little help can make a big difference．Helping others can make us feel better about our life.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：文章应该包括三个方面的内容要点，要适当补充，使文章内容充实；行文时多用第一人称和第三人称，尽量多使用短语和句型；写作中适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、顺畅。
[写作步骤]
第一步，点题，介绍自己想要介绍的慈善机构；
第二步，具体阐述自己能为这个慈善机构做的事情；
第三步，最后讲述我们帮助他人的意义。
[亮点词汇]
①all over the world全世界
②provide sth for sb为某人提供某物
③be ready to do准备好做某事
[高分句型]
①What’s more, I want to teach in mountain areas when I grow up.（时间状语从句）
②Helping others can make us feel better about our life.（动名词作主语）
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