外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 1 A new start Using language 基本句式结构 课件(共35张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 1 A new start Using language 基本句式结构 课件(共35张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-07-23 23:25:27 | ||
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(共35张PPT)
Unit 1 A new start
Using language
基本句型
Ⅰ.观察感悟
1.I replied.
2.I saw a white-haired man.
3.I'm Meng Hao.
4.He gave me a smile.
5.His words made me a lot more relaxed!
6.I breathed deeply.
7.I looked at them in panic.
观察上面句子，分别说出每个句子的句子结构。
_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
1.主语+谓语
2.主语+谓语+宾语
3.主语+系动词+表语
4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
6.主语+谓语+状语
7.主语+谓语+宾语+状语
Ⅱ.要点精析
句子是一个完整的意义单位，由不同的句子成分构成。其中，最重要的成分就是主语和谓语，分别表明句子的主体和主体的动作或状态。此外，句子成分还包括宾语、表语、宾语补足语、状语、定语等，它们共同组成了英语中的基本句型，并承担不同的表意功能。
句型一：Subject （主语）+Verb （谓语）
这种句型中的谓语动词是不及物动词。不及物动词后面不可以直接接宾语。常见的不及物动词有work, swim, jump, arrive, come, go, begin, disappear, cry, happen等单词，还有take place, come true, run out等短语。如：
Class begins.开始上课。
A Chinese painting exhibition will take place.
一个中国画展将要举办。
句型二：Subject（主语）+Verb （谓语）+Object （宾语）
这种句型中的动词是及物动词或动词短语, 后面要直接接宾语，宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。如：
The students have known the answer.
学生们已经知道了答案。
You should not give up studying.
你不应该放弃学习。
I don't know what I should do next.
我不知道下一步该干什么。
句型三:Subject （主语）+Linking Verb（系动词）+Predicative（表语）
这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。系动词一般可分为下列几类：
1.状态类：表示主语状态，be动词（am/is/are/was/were等）最常见。
He is a teacher.他是一名教师。（is与表语一起说明主语的身份。）
2.持续类：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep、remain、stay、lie、stand等。
He always keeps silent.他总是保持沉默。
3.“似乎”类：表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem、appear、look等。
He looked worried.他看上去有些焦虑。
He seems（to be） very sad.他看起来很伤心。
4.感官类：主要有feel、smell、taste、sound、look等。
This kind of food tastes delicious.
这种食物尝起来很可口。
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布摸起来很软。
5.变化类：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become、grow、turn、fall、get、go、come、run等。
It is getting warmer and warmer.
天气变得越来越暖和。
The skies grew dark.天渐渐黑了。
6.终止类：表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove、turn out等,表达“证实，变成”之意。
The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success.
他的计划终于成功了。
句型四：Subject（主语）+Verb（谓语）+Indirect object（间接宾语）+Direct object （直接宾语）
这种句型中，直接宾语表示动作的承受者，一般是物。间接宾语表示动作是对谁或为谁做的，一般是人。能接双宾语的常见动词有buy、pass、lend、give、tell、teach、show、bring、send等。如：
Her father bought her a dictionary.
她父亲给她买了一本词典。
The old man always tells the children stories.
这位老人经常给孩子们讲故事。
上述句子还可以表达为：
Her father bought a dictionary for her.
The old man always tells stories to the children.
句型五：Subject（主语）+Verb（谓语）+Object （宾语）+Complement（补语）
这种句型中的“宾语+补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语是用来说明宾语的动作、性质、状态等的一种句子成分。通常情况下，能作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、v.-ing形式、动词不定式等。该句型常用于三类动词：（1）使役动词make, let, leave, have, get等；（2）感官动词（短语）see, watch, notice, observe, find, hear, listen to等；（3）表示命令、请求和建议的动词ask， tell, order, permit，persuade等。如：
You should keep the room clean and tidy.
你应该让屋子保持干净、整洁。
We made him our monitor.我们选他当班长。
I can hear someone playing the violin.
我能听见有人在拉小提琴。
She asked me to come back soon.她让我尽快回来。
句型六：Subject（主语）+Verb（谓语）+Adverbial（状语）
这类句型中，谓语动词是不及物动词（短语），后没有宾语，但是有时为了表示动作发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、地点、时间等，可以跟状语性质的修饰语。
The baby is crying in the next room.
婴儿在隔壁房间里哭。
My parents came back at this very moment.
就在这时，我的父母回来了。
句型七：Subject（主语）+Verb（谓语）+Object （宾语）+Adverbial（状语）
这类句型中，副词、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语等都可以作状语。
You can put the dish here.
你可以把盘子放在这儿。
She was doing her homework at 8:00 last night.
昨晚8点她在做作业。
句型八：存现句（There be...）
There be句型是英语中的常用句型，意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。There be中的be有时可以是lie， stand, used to be, seem to be等。
There is a restaurant around the corner.
拐角处有一家餐馆。
温馨提示
（1）There在此结构中没有实际意义，不可与副词“there那里”混淆。此结构后跟名词，表示“（存在）有某事物”。
（2）be 后面的名词是句子的主语（并非表语），属于倒装结构，在此句型中，be的单复数与最近的名词的单复数保持一致。
Ⅲ.实战演练
写出画线词的句法功能
1. The man ______ his arms above his head. ______
raised
谓语
2. I found a big change ______. ______
there
状语
3. My favourite subject is ________. ______
physics
表语
4. My dream is ___________________________! ______
to start my own IT company
表语
5. I bought ______ a birthday gift. __________
Mary
间接宾语
6. He is watching the players _______________. ____________
playing football
宾语补足语
7. The metal felt ________________. ______
smooth and cold
表语
8. ____ became an English teacher. ______
He
主语
9. There is ___________________________ on the desk. ______
an English-Chinese dictionary
主语
10. The boy's dream __________.______
came true
谓语
用本单元语法知识完成句子
1. 我是个高中生。
I am __________________________.
a senior high school student
2. 我在远离家乡的大城市上学。
I am studying _______________________ far from my hometown.
at a school in a big city
3. 我已经学会了一些新知识。
I have learned ____________________.
some new knowledge
4. 我计划周六回家。
I am planning to go home ____________.
on Saturday
5. 今天我为我的父母买了很多礼物。
I bought my parents ___________________ today.
a lot/lots of presents
将上面的句子连成一篇文章
要求语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密。
_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am a senior high school student who is studying at a school in a big city far from my hometown. Here I have learned some new knowledge. I am planning to go home on Saturday, so I bought my parents a lot/lots of presents today.
词句精讲·夯实基础
1 argue v.争论，争辩
情境佳句
①Do what you are told and don't argue with me.
照我吩咐你的去做,不要和我争辩。
②The couple begin to argue about money.
这对夫妇开始为钱争吵。
③He argued against working overtime.他反对加班。
归纳拓展
（1）argue with sb.与某人争论/争吵
argue about/over sth.为某事争论/争吵
argue that...主张/认为……
argue for/against（doing） sth.据理力争/反对（做）某事
（2）argument n.争吵；争论；辩论；理由；论据；论点
have an argument（with sb.） about/over sth.因某事（与某人）争吵
学以致用
［单句填空/完成句子］
① They were having an _________ （argue） about whose turn it was to do the
cooking.
argument
② Mary is always ready to argue _____ her parents __________ the smallest
things.
with
about/over
③ 我主张人人都应该尽全力帮助那些需要帮助的人。
____________________________________________ to help those in need.
I argue that every one of us should try our best
2 volunteer n.志愿者，义务工作者 v.自愿做
情境佳句
①Many people volunteer to work on the farm.
很多人主动到农场劳动。
②As one of the volunteers, I have taught English in the mountain village for three years.
作为一名志愿者，我在这个山村教了三年英语。
③We encourage all the students to volunteer for community activities.
我们鼓励所有的学生志愿参加社区活动。
归纳拓展
（1）volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事
volunteer for sth.自愿为某事效劳
（2）voluntary adj.志愿的，自愿的
学以致用
［单句填空/语段填空］
① Whenever we meet with difficulties, she always volunteers ________（help）
us out.
to help
② He always volunteered ____ the most dangerous jobs.
for
③ A group of ___________（volunteer） from universities volunteer ________
（teach） in the mountain middle school. Their _________ （volunteer）work is
very helpful to the students there.
volunteers;
to teach
voluntary
3 apply v.申请，请求，应用
情境佳句
①She applied for a job at the local newspaper.
她申请了当地报社的一个职位。
②It is important to apply what we have learned to practice.
把我们所学的东西应用到实践很重要。
③You will surely pass the exams if you apply yourself to your work.
如果你专心学习，考试一定会及格的。
归纳拓展
（1）apply for/to sth.申请某物
apply to do sth.申请做某事
apply...to...把……应用于……
apply to...适用于……
apply oneself to...致力于……，专心于……
（2）applicant n.申请者
（3）application n.申请；应用
词汇助记
There are more than 300 applications for the job. In other words, more than 300 applicants have applied for the job. 这份工作有三百多人申请。换句话说，300多名申请者已经申请了这份工作。
学以致用
［语篇填空］
A young man wrote an ①___________（apply） letter to a company last
month, hoping to get a new job. After being employed, he ②________（apply）
what he had learnt at college ③___ his job. Much to the delight of the boss, he
was always applying ④________（he） to work and never considered applying
⑤____ another job.
application
applied
to
himself
for
4 schedule n.计划表，进度表，日程表 vt.安排；预定
情境佳句
①The train arrived on schedule.
火车准时到达。
②The meeting is scheduled for Friday afternoon.
会议安排在星期五下午。
③The plane is scheduled to take off at 4 p.m.
飞机定于下午四点起飞。
归纳拓展
（1）on schedule按预定时间
ahead of schedule=ahead of time先于预定时间
behind schedule迟于预定时间
（2）schedule...for...把……安排在……
be scheduled to do sth.被安排做某事
学以致用
［完成句子］
① 别担心。我们已经完成了三分之二的工作，可以提前完成。
Don't worry. We have already finished two thirds of the work and we can finish
it _____________________.
ahead of schedule/time
② 无论我们遇到什么困难，我们都要按时完成工作。
Whatever difficulty we meet, we shall finish the work ____________.
on schedule
③ 运动会定于星期五举行。
The sports meeting ______________________ on Friday.
is scheduled to be held
5 take up 占据（位置）；继续；开始从事；开始做
情境佳句
①The piano takes up too much room in the living room.
钢琴占据了客厅大量的空间。
②Don't worry about me. I can take care of myself.
你不用担心我，我能照顾好自己。
③We all take pride in being a member of the class.
我们都以是这个班的一员而感到自豪。
归纳拓展
常见的以take开头的动词短语：
take care of照顾，负责
take in吸收，收留；欺骗，使上当；理解
take off脱掉；起飞
take on呈现，具有；承担
take（an active） part in（积极）参加
take pride in为……感到骄傲
take an interest in对……感兴趣
学以致用
［完成句子］
① 埃米跳了一段时间舞，但很快就对绘画产生了兴趣。
Amy ________ dancing for a while, but soon began to _________________
painting.
took up
take an interest in
② 飞机起飞时，请待在你的座位上。
Please stay in your seat when the airplane _________.
takes off
③ 我几乎听不懂这位老人说的话。
I could hardly ________ what the old man said.
take in
④ 现在这个山村呈现出新的面貌。
The mountain village_________ a new look now.
takes on
Thanks
Unit 1 A new start
Using language
基本句型
Ⅰ.观察感悟
1.I replied.
2.I saw a white-haired man.
3.I'm Meng Hao.
4.He gave me a smile.
5.His words made me a lot more relaxed!
6.I breathed deeply.
7.I looked at them in panic.
观察上面句子，分别说出每个句子的句子结构。
_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
1.主语+谓语
2.主语+谓语+宾语
3.主语+系动词+表语
4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
6.主语+谓语+状语
7.主语+谓语+宾语+状语
Ⅱ.要点精析
句子是一个完整的意义单位，由不同的句子成分构成。其中，最重要的成分就是主语和谓语，分别表明句子的主体和主体的动作或状态。此外，句子成分还包括宾语、表语、宾语补足语、状语、定语等，它们共同组成了英语中的基本句型，并承担不同的表意功能。
句型一：Subject （主语）+Verb （谓语）
这种句型中的谓语动词是不及物动词。不及物动词后面不可以直接接宾语。常见的不及物动词有work, swim, jump, arrive, come, go, begin, disappear, cry, happen等单词，还有take place, come true, run out等短语。如：
Class begins.开始上课。
A Chinese painting exhibition will take place.
一个中国画展将要举办。
句型二：Subject（主语）+Verb （谓语）+Object （宾语）
这种句型中的动词是及物动词或动词短语, 后面要直接接宾语，宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。如：
The students have known the answer.
学生们已经知道了答案。
You should not give up studying.
你不应该放弃学习。
I don't know what I should do next.
我不知道下一步该干什么。
句型三:Subject （主语）+Linking Verb（系动词）+Predicative（表语）
这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。系动词一般可分为下列几类：
1.状态类：表示主语状态，be动词（am/is/are/was/were等）最常见。
He is a teacher.他是一名教师。（is与表语一起说明主语的身份。）
2.持续类：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep、remain、stay、lie、stand等。
He always keeps silent.他总是保持沉默。
3.“似乎”类：表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem、appear、look等。
He looked worried.他看上去有些焦虑。
He seems（to be） very sad.他看起来很伤心。
4.感官类：主要有feel、smell、taste、sound、look等。
This kind of food tastes delicious.
这种食物尝起来很可口。
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布摸起来很软。
5.变化类：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become、grow、turn、fall、get、go、come、run等。
It is getting warmer and warmer.
天气变得越来越暖和。
The skies grew dark.天渐渐黑了。
6.终止类：表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove、turn out等,表达“证实，变成”之意。
The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success.
他的计划终于成功了。
句型四：Subject（主语）+Verb（谓语）+Indirect object（间接宾语）+Direct object （直接宾语）
这种句型中，直接宾语表示动作的承受者，一般是物。间接宾语表示动作是对谁或为谁做的，一般是人。能接双宾语的常见动词有buy、pass、lend、give、tell、teach、show、bring、send等。如：
Her father bought her a dictionary.
她父亲给她买了一本词典。
The old man always tells the children stories.
这位老人经常给孩子们讲故事。
上述句子还可以表达为：
Her father bought a dictionary for her.
The old man always tells stories to the children.
句型五：Subject（主语）+Verb（谓语）+Object （宾语）+Complement（补语）
这种句型中的“宾语+补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语是用来说明宾语的动作、性质、状态等的一种句子成分。通常情况下，能作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、v.-ing形式、动词不定式等。该句型常用于三类动词：（1）使役动词make, let, leave, have, get等；（2）感官动词（短语）see, watch, notice, observe, find, hear, listen to等；（3）表示命令、请求和建议的动词ask， tell, order, permit，persuade等。如：
You should keep the room clean and tidy.
你应该让屋子保持干净、整洁。
We made him our monitor.我们选他当班长。
I can hear someone playing the violin.
我能听见有人在拉小提琴。
She asked me to come back soon.她让我尽快回来。
句型六：Subject（主语）+Verb（谓语）+Adverbial（状语）
这类句型中，谓语动词是不及物动词（短语），后没有宾语，但是有时为了表示动作发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、地点、时间等，可以跟状语性质的修饰语。
The baby is crying in the next room.
婴儿在隔壁房间里哭。
My parents came back at this very moment.
就在这时，我的父母回来了。
句型七：Subject（主语）+Verb（谓语）+Object （宾语）+Adverbial（状语）
这类句型中，副词、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语等都可以作状语。
You can put the dish here.
你可以把盘子放在这儿。
She was doing her homework at 8:00 last night.
昨晚8点她在做作业。
句型八：存现句（There be...）
There be句型是英语中的常用句型，意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。There be中的be有时可以是lie， stand, used to be, seem to be等。
There is a restaurant around the corner.
拐角处有一家餐馆。
温馨提示
（1）There在此结构中没有实际意义，不可与副词“there那里”混淆。此结构后跟名词，表示“（存在）有某事物”。
（2）be 后面的名词是句子的主语（并非表语），属于倒装结构，在此句型中，be的单复数与最近的名词的单复数保持一致。
Ⅲ.实战演练
写出画线词的句法功能
1. The man ______ his arms above his head. ______
raised
谓语
2. I found a big change ______. ______
there
状语
3. My favourite subject is ________. ______
physics
表语
4. My dream is ___________________________! ______
to start my own IT company
表语
5. I bought ______ a birthday gift. __________
Mary
间接宾语
6. He is watching the players _______________. ____________
playing football
宾语补足语
7. The metal felt ________________. ______
smooth and cold
表语
8. ____ became an English teacher. ______
He
主语
9. There is ___________________________ on the desk. ______
an English-Chinese dictionary
主语
10. The boy's dream __________.______
came true
谓语
用本单元语法知识完成句子
1. 我是个高中生。
I am __________________________.
a senior high school student
2. 我在远离家乡的大城市上学。
I am studying _______________________ far from my hometown.
at a school in a big city
3. 我已经学会了一些新知识。
I have learned ____________________.
some new knowledge
4. 我计划周六回家。
I am planning to go home ____________.
on Saturday
5. 今天我为我的父母买了很多礼物。
I bought my parents ___________________ today.
a lot/lots of presents
将上面的句子连成一篇文章
要求语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密。
_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am a senior high school student who is studying at a school in a big city far from my hometown. Here I have learned some new knowledge. I am planning to go home on Saturday, so I bought my parents a lot/lots of presents today.
词句精讲·夯实基础
1 argue v.争论，争辩
情境佳句
①Do what you are told and don't argue with me.
照我吩咐你的去做,不要和我争辩。
②The couple begin to argue about money.
这对夫妇开始为钱争吵。
③He argued against working overtime.他反对加班。
归纳拓展
（1）argue with sb.与某人争论/争吵
argue about/over sth.为某事争论/争吵
argue that...主张/认为……
argue for/against（doing） sth.据理力争/反对（做）某事
（2）argument n.争吵；争论；辩论；理由；论据；论点
have an argument（with sb.） about/over sth.因某事（与某人）争吵
学以致用
［单句填空/完成句子］
① They were having an _________ （argue） about whose turn it was to do the
cooking.
argument
② Mary is always ready to argue _____ her parents __________ the smallest
things.
with
about/over
③ 我主张人人都应该尽全力帮助那些需要帮助的人。
____________________________________________ to help those in need.
I argue that every one of us should try our best
2 volunteer n.志愿者，义务工作者 v.自愿做
情境佳句
①Many people volunteer to work on the farm.
很多人主动到农场劳动。
②As one of the volunteers, I have taught English in the mountain village for three years.
作为一名志愿者，我在这个山村教了三年英语。
③We encourage all the students to volunteer for community activities.
我们鼓励所有的学生志愿参加社区活动。
归纳拓展
（1）volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事
volunteer for sth.自愿为某事效劳
（2）voluntary adj.志愿的，自愿的
学以致用
［单句填空/语段填空］
① Whenever we meet with difficulties, she always volunteers ________（help）
us out.
to help
② He always volunteered ____ the most dangerous jobs.
for
③ A group of ___________（volunteer） from universities volunteer ________
（teach） in the mountain middle school. Their _________ （volunteer）work is
very helpful to the students there.
volunteers;
to teach
voluntary
3 apply v.申请，请求，应用
情境佳句
①She applied for a job at the local newspaper.
她申请了当地报社的一个职位。
②It is important to apply what we have learned to practice.
把我们所学的东西应用到实践很重要。
③You will surely pass the exams if you apply yourself to your work.
如果你专心学习，考试一定会及格的。
归纳拓展
（1）apply for/to sth.申请某物
apply to do sth.申请做某事
apply...to...把……应用于……
apply to...适用于……
apply oneself to...致力于……，专心于……
（2）applicant n.申请者
（3）application n.申请；应用
词汇助记
There are more than 300 applications for the job. In other words, more than 300 applicants have applied for the job. 这份工作有三百多人申请。换句话说，300多名申请者已经申请了这份工作。
学以致用
［语篇填空］
A young man wrote an ①___________（apply） letter to a company last
month, hoping to get a new job. After being employed, he ②________（apply）
what he had learnt at college ③___ his job. Much to the delight of the boss, he
was always applying ④________（he） to work and never considered applying
⑤____ another job.
application
applied
to
himself
for
4 schedule n.计划表，进度表，日程表 vt.安排；预定
情境佳句
①The train arrived on schedule.
火车准时到达。
②The meeting is scheduled for Friday afternoon.
会议安排在星期五下午。
③The plane is scheduled to take off at 4 p.m.
飞机定于下午四点起飞。
归纳拓展
（1）on schedule按预定时间
ahead of schedule=ahead of time先于预定时间
behind schedule迟于预定时间
（2）schedule...for...把……安排在……
be scheduled to do sth.被安排做某事
学以致用
［完成句子］
① 别担心。我们已经完成了三分之二的工作，可以提前完成。
Don't worry. We have already finished two thirds of the work and we can finish
it _____________________.
ahead of schedule/time
② 无论我们遇到什么困难，我们都要按时完成工作。
Whatever difficulty we meet, we shall finish the work ____________.
on schedule
③ 运动会定于星期五举行。
The sports meeting ______________________ on Friday.
is scheduled to be held
5 take up 占据（位置）；继续；开始从事；开始做
情境佳句
①The piano takes up too much room in the living room.
钢琴占据了客厅大量的空间。
②Don't worry about me. I can take care of myself.
你不用担心我，我能照顾好自己。
③We all take pride in being a member of the class.
我们都以是这个班的一员而感到自豪。
归纳拓展
常见的以take开头的动词短语：
take care of照顾，负责
take in吸收，收留；欺骗，使上当；理解
take off脱掉；起飞
take on呈现，具有；承担
take（an active） part in（积极）参加
take pride in为……感到骄傲
take an interest in对……感兴趣
学以致用
［完成句子］
① 埃米跳了一段时间舞，但很快就对绘画产生了兴趣。
Amy ________ dancing for a while, but soon began to _________________
painting.
took up
take an interest in
② 飞机起飞时，请待在你的座位上。
Please stay in your seat when the airplane _________.
takes off
③ 我几乎听不懂这位老人说的话。
I could hardly ________ what the old man said.
take in
④ 现在这个山村呈现出新的面貌。
The mountain village_________ a new look now.
takes on
Thanks