课件10张PPT。第37讲 短文填空词汇运用类题目的考点主要是考查学生对单词的拼写能力、词形变化和语法知识运用能力以及词组辨析能力等。试题通常以语篇或句子的形式出现，测试内容以实词为主，虚词很少。测试题型为单词拼写、选词填空、根据首字母填空等。
?短文填空解题应注意事项：
①先对备选的词汇的词性作简单标记，如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad.等。同时对词义作初步的理解。
②根据题意或通读全文，猜测空格中所缺的信息，注意发现固定搭配关系，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
③在填词过程中要注意词形的变化。既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。
【口诀】：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有“'s”不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。④完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。
?单词拼写解题应注意的事项：
①要根据上下文之意，熟练运用所学词汇。
②要理解全句，填准词，因为有时英汉并非一一对应。
③要分析所填单词充当的句子成分，判断所填单词的词性。
④要注意英汉语言之间的区别。对于有多个相同意思的单词，要选择最符合英语习惯的那个。
⑤要规范、工整地拼写出单词，不要因书写而丢分。【例1】 阅读短文，用所给词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整，通顺。每空一词。(有两词多余)(2015，抚顺)
someone，along，follow，fast，why，though，glad，
surprise，begin，I，worry，when
A little girl walked to and from school every day.The little girl made her daily trip to school as usual one day，__1__ it was not fine and the sky clouded over that morning.When school was over，the wind became stronger and it __2__ to rain.
The mother of the little girl felt __3__．Her daughter would be afraid when she walked home from school.The lightning (闪电) might make her child afraid.Following the bright lightning，the mother got into her car and drove __4__ to her child's school.As the mother drove __5__ the road，she saw her little girl walking alone in the rain.To her great __6__，she found that when a lightning came，her daughter stopped，looked up and smiled.Another lightning came and then another __7__．With each lightning，the little girl stopped，looked up and smiled.
Inside the car，the mother asked her daughter，“What were you doing？__8__ did you look up and smile when the lightning came？” The little girl answered with a smile，“Mom，you know，__9__ was looking at me.Each time when I felt a little afraid，someone would take a picture of __10__．I knew he was playing a game with me.”解析：1.本题考查连词。分析题干可知前后两句之间是让步关系，填though，意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
2．本题考查固定搭配。begin to do sth.意为“开始做某事”，注意时态为一般过去时，begin应为began。
3．本题考查形容词。feel意为“感受到，感觉到”，此处feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语。根据后句可知小女孩害怕闪电，因此妈妈感到担心。worry的形容词是worried。
4．本题考查副词。根据前句可知妈妈担心女儿，因此快速开车去学校接她。fast既可作形容词也可作副词。
5．本题考查介词用法。drive along...意为“沿着……开车”。
6．本题考查固定搭配。to one's surprise意为“令某人惊讶的是”。7．本题考查动词词义辨析。根据前后句可知，每次闪电时，小女孩都停下脚步，抬头往上看并露出笑容，再来一次还是这样。follow意为“跟随，接着”，注意时态应为一般过去时。
8．本题考查特殊疑问词。根据后句小女孩的回答可知，小女孩的妈妈问她为什么闪电时抬头向上看并微笑。
9．本题考查不定代词。根据题意可知，小女孩认为有人在看着她。
10．本题考查人称代词用法。介词of后接人称代词的宾格形式。
答案：1.though 2.began 3.worried 4.fast 5.along
6．surprise 7.followed 8.Why 9.someone 10.me(2015, 淮安)短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次。每空只填一个单词。)(2015，陕西)
sweet，plant，she，child，run，high，sit，feel，day，notice
One day，I took my two kids to the local playground.As soon as we got there，my daughter __1__ to the swing (秋千) and asked for a push.When I was helping my daughter.I __2__ another girl trying to make her own swing go high by herself.Her old grandmother was __3__ on the chair nearby and smiled at me.
I gave my daughter one big push and then walked towards the little girl.I asked if she wanted me to give __4__ a push.She smiled and said “Yes”．For the next two hours，I pushed the swings，and played with my two __5__ and the little girl.When we went home，I was very tired.But my heart was flying much __6__ than the swings.One day two years later，after a __7__ work，I was a little tired.But I needed to pick up my kids before going home.While I was waiting outside the school gate，a little girl came over and smiled __8__ at me.She gave me a big hug (拥抱) before catching her school bus.As I watched her running away，I didn't __9__ tired anymore.
In life，the love we give others will find its way back to us.It may travel from heart to heart or it may blossom (开花) in the heart which it was __10__ in.The love we share，the kindness we give，and the happiness we create will always come back to us with a pleasant surprise.1．ran 2.noticed 3.sitting 4.her 5.children
6．higher 7.day's 8.sweetly 9.feel 10.planted考点跟踪突破37 短文填空
A(2015，成都)
back，bad，express，feel，it，loud，luck，simple，sweet，thank，two，warm
Once upon a time，a young man came across a spring (泉水) of clear water while crossing the desert.The water was very sweet，and he filled his leather container (皮革容器) so that he could bring some 1.back to his teacher.After a four-day journey，he presented the water to his teacher.
The old man took a deep drink，smiled 2.warmly and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.The young man returned to his village with a happy heart.After a while，the teacher let a 3.second student taste the water.He spat (吐) it out，saying it was terrible.It was clear that the water had become no longer fresh and sweet because of the old leather container.The student questioned his teacher，“Master，the water tasted strange.Why did you still like it？” The teacher replied，“You 4.simply tasted the water while I tasted the gift.The water was the container for an act of love and kindness and nothing could be 5.sweeter．”
After reading the story，we can understand that when we receive a chocolate as a gift from a child，we get more than the chocolate 6.itself．What we should do properly is to express 7.thanks naturally to him or her because we love the idea within the gift.
Gratitude (感谢) doesn't always come naturally. 8.unluckily，most children and many grown-ups like only the thing given rather than the 9.expressions shown in it.We should remind ourselves and teach our children about the beauty of feelings and 10.feelings of gratitude.After all，gifts from the heart are really gifts of the heart.
B(2015，杭州)
advice，decide，make，sleep，that，I，anything，angry，too，always
From：sandra@oxmail.com
To：elle@oxmail.com
Subject：Need help!
Hi Elle，
I need some help with my problems.I don't know what to do！You're so confident (自信的) and always know what to do，so I hope you can give me some 1.advice．
I have very strict parents who won't let me do 2.anything on my own.They've been really 3.angry with me because of my poor school results.I don't know how to let them know that their pressure is 4.making it hard for me to do well in school.
My friends at school are 5.always trying to get me to do things I don't like.I want to make my own 6.decision(s)．I don't want to do things because of the pressure from my classmates.How do 7.I deal with them?
I'm always worrying about my looks.I think I'm getting too fat.I have too many pimples (粉刺) on my face，8.too．
All these problems are making me feel very stressful and sad.I'm so stressed 9.that I'm beginning to have sleep problems.I worry so much that I can't 10.sleep.What can I do？Please help?
Yours，
Sandra
C(2015，江西)
another，carry，control，have，life，well，tree，so，usual，wild
Animals are important in Indian culture and are treated in a special way.For example，a lot of elephants aren't 1.wild．They are domesticated (驯养)．They aren't kept as pets，but as working animals.Every working elephant 2.has its own keeper.An elephant and its keeper meet for the first time when they are both young，and they grow up together.In fact，their relationship continues for the rest of the elephant's 3.life—perhaps 40 years.Lots of elephants work in the forest，moving heavy 4.trees when they are cut down.Some give rides to tourists，or 5.carry people during celebrations and festivals.Keepers take excellent care of their elephants，feeding them 6.well and giving them a bath at the end of the working day.
7．Another special animal in India is the cow.Cows are protected animals，8.so they aren't kept on farms or killed for food，although people do use their milk.So in India you can often see cows walking around towns and cities，and nobody tries to 9.control them.If they sit down in the middle of the road，people 10.usually drive around them！Do you think it's interesting?
D(2015，临沂改编)
everyone，long，weak，high，instead，however，speed，leave，until，low，enjoy，far
Isaac Newton was born in Woolsthorpe，England，on December 25，1642.He was born early and he was very 1.weak．No one believed he could continue to live.But he surprised 2.everyone．He had one of the most powerful minds in history.And he lived 3.until he was 84.
Newton's father died before he was born.His mother married again a few years later.She 4.left Newton with his grandmother.
The boy was not a good student.Yet he was curious (好奇的) and liked to make things，such as kites，clocks and simple machines.Newton also 5.enjoyed finding new ways to answer questions or solve problems.As a boy，for example，he wanted to find a way to measure (测量) the 6.speed of the wind.On a windy day，he measured how far he could jump with the wind at his back.Then he measured how 7.far he could jump with the wind in his face.From the difference between the two jumps，he made his own measure of the power of the wind.
Strangely，Newton became a much better student after a boy kicked him in the stomach.The boy was one of the best students in the school.Newton decided to get even (报复) by getting 8.higher marks than the boy who kicked him.In a short time，Newton became the top student at the school.
Newton left school to help on the family farm.9.However，the boy was not a good farmer.He spent his time solving math problems instead of taking care of the farm.He spent hours visiting a bookstore in town，10.instead of selling his vegetables in the market.An uncle believed that Newton would do better as a student than as a farmer.So he sponsored (资助) the young man into Cambridge University to study math.
E(2015，兰州)
should，use，dangerous，habit，spend，much，safely，at，it，although
Overhead bridges are found in many parts of Lanzhou，especially in places where traffic is heavy and crossing the road is very 1.dangerous．
The purpose of these overhead bridges is to enable passengers to cross road 2.safely．Overhead bridges are used in very much the same way as zebra crossings.They are more efficient 3.although less convenient because people have to climb up a long flight of steps.This is inconvenient especially to old people.When passengers are 4.using a zebra crossing，traffic is held up.This is why the government has built many overhead bridges to help passengers and to keep traffic moving 5.at the same time.
The government of Lanzhou has 6.spent lots of money in building these bridges.For their own safety，passengers 7.should be encouraged to use them instead of risking their lives by running across the road.Old people，however，may find 8.it a little difficult climbing up and down the steps，but it is still 9.much safer than walking across the road with all the dangerous of moving traffic.
Overhead bridges serve a very useful purpose.Passengers，both old and young，should make a 10.habit to use them.This will prevent unnecessary accidents and loss of life.
F(2015，攀枝花改编)
what，as，attend，heavy，stop，information，although，
relax，find，begin，instead，why
Sometimes you feel busy and worried.You maybe have a lot of things to do，but time isn't enough.You may wonder，“Where does time go？” Here are some 1.information to help you make use of it and 2.find more free time to enjoy your life.
Plan ahead of time.It's necessary for you to make a plan at the 3.beginning of a week or a day.Think of 4.what you really need and don't need to do.Spare (匀出) some time to have a short rest and look back on what you've done.You may have a sense of success.
Say no to yourself.If you are not excited about 5.attending a social activity，then don't go.Stay at home to have a rest.If you plan to go to a supermarket but it is raining 6.heavily，why not stay inside？It's fine to change your mind and do your shopping another day.
Change your pace (节奏)．If you go shopping on Saturday，choose a weekday night to go 7.instead．The stores are less crowded on Wednesday evening than Saturday afternoon.You can feel better if you regard your way home 8.as taking a free walk after supper.
Focus on (关注) simple pleasure.When your day's work is done，it's time to get yourself 9.relaxed．A pleasant bath，a cup of coffee or a gentle song can be enough.10.Although expensive relaxation is nice，you can also get more on simple pleasure.
G(2015，烟台改编)
last，stop，what，enough，be，especial，play，with，least，much，besides，attention
Almost every day，we discuss the topic of health.But what is health? “Health” means eating well，getting 1.enough exercise and having a healthy lifestyle.Here 2.are some useful rules.
◆Eat different kinds of food，3.especially fruit and vegetables.We all know that eating fruit and vegetables keeps us healthy，but many of us only eat our favorite food.Remember that we can only get 4.what our body needs by eating all sorts of food.
◆Drink water and milk most often.Everyone knows that water is important.5.Besides water，kids also need plenty of calcium (钙) to grow strong bones，which is rich in milk.Every day，you should drink at 6.least three cups of milk，when you are 9 years old or older.You'd better try to have drinks 7.with little sugar.
◆Pay 8.attention to your body.When you are eating，notice how your body feels.When your stomach is full，9.stop eating.Eating too much makes you become fat and unhealthy.
◆Limit the amount of time you spend watching TV and 10.playing computer games.Try to spend more time doing sports，like running，swimming and so on.
H(2015，襄阳改编)
competition，until，active，share，give，try，instead，
language，encourage，include，disappoint，believe
If you lose 12 times，will you just give up？Dale Carnegie，a pioneer in public speaking and self-development，kept 1.trying．And he became famous by showing people how to be successful.
Carnegie was born in 1888 in a poor farming family in the central United States.The boy didn't see a train 2.until he was 12 years old.In his teens，he had to get up at 4 a．m. every day to milk the cows in his family.
When Carnegie first entered college，he felt hopeless because of his clothes and ordinary looks.His mother 3.encouraged him，“Why not try to be better in other things 4.instead of just dress and good looks？”
Carnegie tried to be more 5.active in college.He joined the debate (辩论) team.But one after another，he lost 12 times.The young man was 6.disappointed in himself.He said later that he thought of killing himself after so many failures (失败)．
But soon Carnegie was seen practicing public speaking on the riverside.His hard work brought good results at last.In 1906，Carnegie won a famous speech 7.competition and became widely known.
The young man made his own words come true：“8.Believe that you will succeed，and you will.” In order to 9.share his success，Carnegie opened schools and wrote books.His best-sellers (畅销书) 10.include How to Win Friends and Influence People and How to Stop Worrying and Start Living.More than 50 million copies of his books have been printed in 38 11.languages．They are still helping people on the road to success.
I(2015，呼和浩特改编)
many，how，sold，take，bring，if，them，much，without，poor，however，weigh
In a town in France，there was a farmer who lived alone.Every day he 1.sold a pound of butter to his neighbour，who was a baker.One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see 2.if he was getting a pound.After he weighed it，he found that he wasn't.The baker then took the farmer to the judge (法官)．
The judge wanted to know the farmer's ways to weigh the butter.The farmer replied，“I'm so 3.poor that I do not have enough money to buy anything to weigh it.4.However，I do have a kind of scale (天平)．” The judge asked，“Then 5.how do you weigh the butter？” The farmer replied，“Before the baker started buying butter from me，I had bought bread from him.So now every time when I 6.bring home the bread from the baker，I put it on the scale and give him the butter of the same 7.weight．”
We always get back what we give to others.Whenever you take action，ask yourself this question，“Am I honest？”
Honesty or dishonesty can become a habit.Some dishonest people can lie 8.without a red face.Others lie so 9.much that they do not even know what the truth is any more.But who is it bad for？In fact，those who lie will hurt 10.themselves by their own dishonest behaviour.
