(共19张PPT)
Unit 1 Food Matters
Grammar and usage
To-infinitives as subjects and predicatives
Let's view
1.Nothing can stop our determination to have a try.
2.We decided to wait outside.
3.It’s worthwhile to have such a long wait.
4.My dream is to be a chef.
5.My aim is to set up a five-star hotel.
Let's work out the rules
When the to-infinitive is used as a subject, we usually use the preparatory subject at the beginning of the sentence.
The to-infinitive can also be used as a predicative. It usually comes after the verb .
To-infinitives as subjects
To-infinitives as predicatives
① It’s worthwhile to have such a long wait.
② My dream is to be a chef.
③ My aim is to set up a five-star hotel.
01
To-infinitive as subjects
Let's explore
1.动词不定式可作主语,谓语动词常用单数。
2.动词不定式作主语,表示具体的、一次性的或将要发生的行为。
动名词作主语,表示一般的、抽象的或经常反复发生的行为。
To cook with her is pleasant.
Cooking is fun.
To make delicious food is not easy.
To prepare home-cooked meals is enjoyable.
01
To-infinitive as subjects
tips: 动词不定式短语作主语时,为了保持句子平衡,往往用_______作形式主语,而将动词不定式短语置于句末。
it
It is kind of you to invite me to dinner.
It is my honor to treat you at home.
It seems challenging to make it.
It takes about 30 minutes to prepare.
It is easy for you to learn.
It is my pleasure to teach you.
It is+n.+to do sth.
It is+adj.+to do sth.
It seems (appears)+adj./n.+to do sth.
It +vt.+noun.+to do sth.
01
To-infinitive as subjects
1. It is kind __________ you to invite me to dinner.
2. It is easy __________ you to learn it.
● It+be+adj.+ of sb. to do (此处形容词通常是表示人的品质的词,如kind, foolish, good, nice, rude, generous等)
● It+be+adj.+ for sb. to do(此处形容词通常是描述事情性质的词,如easy, difficult, hard, important, impossible, necessary等)
Rewrite the following sentences by using it as preparatory subject.
(1) To learn some table manners is necessary.
(2) To make an appointment in advance is polite.
(3) To sit straight while eating is good manners.
(4) To send a thank-you card the day after would be a good idea.
It is polite to make an appointment in advance.
It is necessary to learn some table manners.
It is good manners to sit straight while eating.
It would be a good idea to send a thank-you card the day after.
Let's practise
Let's view & learn
Table manners in Western countries
It's impolite to empty the glass.
It's rude to sit cross-legged (翘腿).
It's improper to wolf down (狼吞虎咽)the food.
It's good manners to use the fork and knife properly.
It's better to put the napkin(餐巾) on your lap.
①
②
③
④
⑤
Match the sentences with the pictures according to the table manners in the video.
Let's play & say
Table manners in China
Useful sentence patterns
It’s polite/better/advisable to...
It’s impolite/rude/inappropriate to...
It’s good manners/a good idea/common sense to...
Words & phrases for reference
stick ... into the bowl插入碗中;point at sb.指向某人;
speak with mouth full满口食物讲话;knock/hit the bowl敲碗;
make noise发出噪音;pick one’s teeth剔牙;sit cross-legged翘腿;toothpick牙签;bowl 碗;chopsticks筷子;napkin餐巾
02
To-infinitive as predicative
My dream is to be a chef.
My aim is to set up a five-star hotel.
1. 动词不定式作表语,通常说明主语的具体内容。
主语通常是 aim, ambition, dream, duty, goal, idea, intention, plan, purpose, task, way, wish 等表示_______、_______、_______的词。
意向
打算
计划
=To be a chef is my dream.
不定式作表语,通常可以和主语位置互换。
02
To-infinitive as predicative
It seems (to be) yummy. /It appears (to be) yummy.
The dinner party proves (to be) successful. =The dinner party turns out (to be) successful.
2. 某些系动词,如be(是), seem(看起来), appear(看起来), prove(证明), turn out(结果)等,后面可以接不定式作表语。
其中,除了be动词之外,seem/appear/prove/turn out后面的表语若是以“to be+...”的形式出现,通常可以省略to be。
Let's translate
2. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed(吞咽), and some few to be chewed (咀嚼) and digested(消化).
-- Of Studies Francis Bacon
1. 眼见为实。
To see is to believe.
一些书可以浅尝辄止;一些书可以狼吞虎咽;而有些书则需要细嚼慢咽,好好消化。
Let's interview
Conduct an interview in groups about your dreams, using to-infinitives.
e.g.
A: What is your dream
B: My dream is to be /do...
A: What's your next step to achieve your dream
B: My next step is to...
A: What's your future plan
B: My future plan is to...
Let's write & show
Introduce how to make a traditional Chinese dish, using to-infinitives..
Step1. Get the ingredients ready
Step2. Fry the beef
Step3. Add the seasoning
It seems challenging to make fried beef with chili. However, it's easy to learn. What matters most is to follow three steps. The first step is to get the ingredients ready. The next step is to fry the beef. The last step is to add seasoning according to your taste. It takes only a few minutes to prepare.
Let's show
Useful words & phrases
flour面粉
dough面团
stuffing/filling馅儿
wrapper饺子皮
mix/blend/stir搅拌/混合
knead...into small pieces揉捏成小块
add seasoning添加佐料
press the edge挤压边缘
salt盐;ginger姜;onion洋葱;soy sauce酱油;sesame oil香油
Useful sentence patterns
It seems challenging/easy ... to make...
However, it's easy/difficult... to learn.
What matters most is to follow ... steps.
The first/next/last step is to....
It takes ... to prepare.
Step 1. prepare the fillings & wrapper
Step 2. fill the wrappers
Step 3. boil the dumplings
Let's write & show
To eat well is to be well.
Homework
Imagine your friend has taken you out to dinner at Sky Buffet. Write a thank-you note to your friend, offering to return the favor by inviting him or her to your home for dinner next weekend. Remember to use to-infinitives. Use the expressions below to help you.
I am writing to ... It was so kind of you to ... It was wonderful to ... I have always wanted to ...
I would like/love to ...
My plan is to ...
T h a n k s !