(共25张PPT)
Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world
Reading
Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's
Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize , awarded for her
contribution to the fight against malaria , one of the deadliest diseases
in human history . Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria
patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of
survival .
中华人民共和国
Para1
the + 序数词 + n. + to do sth. 做某事的......
分词作状语
award n./v. 奖品;颁奖
(1)award vt. / n. 颁奖; 奖品
* 奖励某人某物 _____________
* 因为...而获得奖项 _______________
award sb. sth.
be awarded for...
e.g. She was awarded the prize for both films.
她因为这两部电影而获奖。
(2)contribution n. 贡献; 捐款; 投稿
make a contribution to 为...做出贡献
e.g. So they want to make a contribution to society.
_______________________
他们希望为社会做出贡献。
v.
contribute 贡献;捐赠;促成
(3) survive v. 幸存;比...活(或存在)的时间长
n.
幸存 __________
幸存者 __________
survivor
survival
survive on... 依靠...生活
e.g. I can’t survive on ¥40 a week.
____________________________
我没法依靠每周40块生活。
Born in 1930, in Ningbo , Zhejiang Province , Tu studied medicine
at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. After graduation , she
worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine . She completed
further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine , acquiring
a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western
medicine .
Para2
分词作状语
1930年,屠呦呦出生于浙江宁波。1951年至1955年,
屠呦呦在北京读大学,学习药学。毕业后,
她 在中医研究院工作。她完成了中医领域的培训课程深造,获得了广泛的中西医知识。
(4)acquire a broad knowledge of ....
____________________________
获得...广泛的/广泛的知识
e.g. He ______ _____ ______ _________of painting.
他在绘画上有渊博的知识。
has a broad knowledge
Tu's education was soon to prove very useful. In the 1960s, many people
were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended
to find a cure for the disease. She collected over 2,000 traditional Chinese
medical recipes for malaria treatment and made hundreds of extracts from
different herbs. When they failed to produce any promising results,
Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.
Para3
屠呦呦接受的教育很快被证明非常有用。20世纪60年代,许多人死于疟疾,于是1969年屠呦呦担任了一个旨在找到疟疾疗法的小组的组长。她收集了 2,000多种治疗疟疾的中药配方,并从不同的草药中获取了数百种提取物。当这些未能取得任何有希望的效果时,屠呦呦就再次査阅中医典籍。
证明是(系动词)
die of...死于(疾病等)
die from...死于(意外事故)
定语从句
一个治疗...的方法
(5)recipe n. 食谱;秘诀;配方
原文
traditional Chinese medical recipes for malaria treatment
治疗疟疾的中药配方
e.g.It sounds like a recipe for a happy life.
_______________________________
听起来就像是幸福生活的秘诀。
(6)intend v. 想要;计划
原文
...a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.
一个旨在找到疟疾疗法的小组
intention n. 目的,打算
intended adj. 预期的;打算中的
intend sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
be intended for ... 打算为...所用
have no/every intention of doing sth
不打算做... / 完全打算做...
1. I didn’t intend him__________(identify) the thief.
2. This book is intended ________the general readers rather than the students.
3. I have no _________(intend) of going abroad after
graduation.
to identify
for
intention
练习
(7)refer to 查阅,参考;提到,提及
原文
Tu referred to the ancient books....
查阅古书
refer to ... as ... 把...称作...
1. English _____________(refer) to as _______ universal language.
2.You’d better refer ________ the dictionary.
3.No one ___________(refer) to the matter again.
is referred a
to
referred
练习
Para 3
Inspired by an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract
with cold water,Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the
herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part.
On 4 October 1971, after 190 failures, she succeeded in making qinghao
extract that could treat malaria in mice.
过去分词短语作状语
定语从句
重新设计实验
try doing sth.
损害其有效成分
n.
在一本1,600多年前的典籍中,关于用冷水制备青蒿提取物的记载给了屠呦呦启发,她重新设计了试验, 并尝试在低温下对这种草药进行提取,以不损害其有效成分。1971年10月4日,在历经190次失败之后, 她成功制备出可以治疗老鼠疟疾的青菖提取物。
(8)inspire v. 激励,鼓舞;赋予灵感
原文
Inspired by... Tu redesigned....
e.g. The book was inspired by a real person.
这本书是受一个人的启发而写成的。
be inspired by... 受到...鼓舞/启发
inspiration 灵感;鼓舞
n.
draw one's inspiration from... 某人从...得到灵感
Para 4
However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials
because research resources were limited. Tu and her team managed to
find solutions to the problem. When there was no research equipment,
they had to extract herbs using household water containers.They worked
day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor
conditions, but they never gave up.
然而,由于研究资源有限,很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。屠呦呦团队成功找到了解决这个问题的方法。当时没有研究设备,他们只好用家用储水的容器来提取草药。他们夜以继日地工作,由于条件恶劣,他们的健康开始受损,但却从未放弃。
现在分词短语作状语
(9)household adj. 家庭的,家务的; 家喻户晓的
n. 一家人,家庭
原文
...using household water containers 家用储水容器
a household name
______________
well-known
家喻户晓的名字
household expenses/ products 家庭开支/家用产品
Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, however, they
still faced another problem. The trials on patients were likely to be
postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. To speed up
the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test
qinghao extract on themselves first.
然而,即使制造了大量的青蒿提取物,他们仍然面临着另外一个
问题。由于没有足够的安全数据,对患者的试验可能会推迟。
为了加快进度并保证其安全性,屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在他们
自己身上试验青 蒿提取物。
Para 5
with的复合结构
(10)sufficient adj. 足够的,充足的
be sufficient to do sth 足以做......
be sufficient for sth/sb 对...来说足够了
1.These reasons are not sufficient _________(justify) the ban.
2. Is 100 yuan sufficient _________your expenses
3. The following day she felt _____________(sufficient) well
to go to work.
练习
to justify
for
sufficiently
The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off. In November 1972,
through trial and error, they successfully discovered qinghaosu-the most
effective part of the qinghao extract. As a key part of many malaria
medicines, qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients.
More than 40 years after its discovery, Tu was eventually awarded
a Nobel Prize for her work.
屠哟哟团队的努力最终得到了回报。1972年11月,经过反复试验,
他们成功发现了青蒿素——青蒿 提取物中最有效的成分。作为
许多抗疟药物中的关键成分,青蒿素迄今己经造福了近2亿疟疾患者。
在发现青蒿素40多年后,屠呦呦终于因此获得了诺贝尔奖。
Para 6
(11) benefit v. 使收益;对...有用 n. 益处
benefit from/by 从...中受益
for one's benefit=for the benefit of sb. 为了某人的利益
adj.
beneficial
be beneficial to... 对……有益,对……有利
= be of benefit to...
①Your advice is very ___________ (benefit) to me.
②You must study hard _____ the benefit of your own.
③This is an agreement which is ____ great benefit to both parties.
练习
beneficial
for
of
In her Nobel Lecture,she encouraged scientists to further explore the
treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.
Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of
traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines
beneficial to global health care.
在她的获奖演讲上,屠呦呦鼓励科学家们进一步探索中医这座宝库,
并让其更上一层楼。也许新一代的科学家汲取中医的智慧,确实能
发现更多有益于全世界医疗的药物。
Para 6
把它提升到一个更高的水平
下一代的
利用;吸收
adv.确实,的确
(11) benefit v. 使收益;对...有用 n. 益处
benefit from/by 从...中受益
for one's benefit=for the benefit of sb. 为了某人的利益
adj.
beneficial
be beneficial to... 对……有益,对……有利
= be of benefit to...
P47 B2