/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科
Unit 1 Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures 分层练习
语言能力 掌握定语从句中关系代词关系副词的意义并掌握其用法。
学习能力 形成语法发现意识，感知语法形式特点。
思维品质 熟悉定语从句中关系代词与关系副词与所修饰成分之间的关系，并梳理成思维导图。
文化意识 结合中文汉字发展，对比中英学习过程中的困难。
一、单词拼写
1．The activity is aimed at presenting the new (形象) of China and helping people learn more about her.
2．It is my honour to be here to share with you my o on how to learn science in senior high school.
3．I have had the time of my life in China and wish I could stay here (永远).
4．As everybody knows,there are a lot of beautiful and h places in the city of Xi'an.
5．Most of the food we buy is (加工) in some way.
6．Police are (调查) possible links between the murders.
7．The kind sister has (原谅) her younger brother.
8．The committee met several times to discuss these important (问题).
9．We must do our best to prevent these historic site from (消失) .
10．We should (捐赠) some money to those who are in trouble.
二、语法填空
11．There are many fruits and vegetables that may be better choices for the (prevent) of weight gain.
12．In (compare) with other students, Mike is more diligent.
13．It is a (history) site made of many old stone buildings.
14．It's still all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw (far).
15．Our culture has many different customs and (tradition).
16．She has lectured all the world and becomes famous.
17．She must be feeling very lonely after the (lose) of her husband.
18．This is the watch I am looking for.
19．She has two sons, both of graduated from Harvard University.
20．The first thing he did after arriving home was doing his homework.
三、完形填空
21．完形填空
The
600-year-old Forbidden City is the world's largest palace. It （1） more than 17 million （2） every year. If we were to travel back to the
past, this （3） palace
would be a （4） to us with a lot remaining to be discovered.
It was
when all （5） in Beijing were low except for the Forbidden
City, which was surrounded by high （6） and a wide moat(护城河). After （7） the golden roof(屋顶)
from the outside, people could only （8） what it looked like inside.
（9） an area
of 720,000 square meters in the heart of Beijing, the Forbidden City was built
from 1406 to 1420 by the third （10） of the Ming Dynasty. In the past, the
Forbidden City was where the highest （11） of the country laid. Emperors were born,
lived, fought and （12） there. Various （13） events happened there. It saw the （14） and downs of the Ming and Qing dynasties, as
well as how feudal monarchy(封建帝制) （15） came to an end in China.
The
lives of the royal families were （16） through many documents(文件). They （17） a large amount of valuable material for
today's historical （18） , as well as inspiration for literature
and entertainment.
In
1987, the Forbidden City was （19） as a UNESCO World Heritage site. For world
leaders who visit China, it is a must-see tourist （20） .
When they pay a state visit to China, our top leaders may show them around
there.
（1）A．relieves B．receives C．guides D．sells
（2）A．visitors B．students C．teachers D．citizens
（3）A．red B．small C．green D．huge
（4）A．dream B．hope C．wonder D．mystery
（5）A．museums B．rooms C．buildings D．houses
（6）A．towers B．walls C．trees D．hills
（7）A．looking
at B．giving up C．setting down D．jumping at
（8）A．tell B．think C．imagine D．admire
（9）A．Owning B．Covering C．Having D．Taking
（10）A．emperor B．designer C．painter D．soldier
（11）A．altitude B．power C．figure D．position
（12）A．studied B．worked C．gathered D．died
（13）A．happy B．sad C．historical D．national
（14）A．above B．best C．worst D．ups
（15）A．finally B．quickly C．gradually D．suddenly
（16）A．recorded B．settled C．connected D．copied
（17）A．grasp B．ignore C．write D．provide
（18）A．background B．research C．exam D．survey
（19）A．treated B．remembered C．listed D．honored
（20）A．palace B．scenery C．attraction D．place
四、阅读理解
22．阅读理解
If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and
her team, the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote
Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans.
Born and raised in Shanghai, Fan has
spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist
wall painting at Dunhuang, in Northwest China's Gansu Province. The 1 651-year-old
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art—more than 2 000
buddha figures and 45 000 square meters of paintings spread among 735 caves. It
is China's first UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang
after graduation from Peking University in 1963. While in Dunhuang, a remote
village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At first, she did
not even dare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from
sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, planted trees
and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves. They also
controlled the number of visitors.
In the late 1990s, with tourism booming
nationwide since national holidays were extended, the local government planned
to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan firmly in their
way. "The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been
listed," she said.
Dunhuang Academy has now photographed
and cataloged online all the sculptures and paintings. "Despite our
efforts to minimize damage, we can't completely stop them from being eroded.
But the digital database will last."
Fan was grateful when her husband
joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Her two sons grew
up in Shanghai with their aunt. "I have not been a good mother or wife.
With regard to my family, I'm full of guilt," she said. Fan, 79, retired
two years ago as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as
a national political adviser.
（1）Which of the following measures didn't Fan Jinshi take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes
A．Opening Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively.
B．Planting trees and stopping the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded.
C．Picturing and classifying all the sculptures and paintings online.
D．Putting doors on the caves and monitoring temperature and humidity.
（2）When was Fan separated from her husband
A．In 1963. B．In 1967.
C．In 1986. D．In the late 1990s.
（3）The phrase "in their way" in Paragraph 4 means ________.
A．Go to a place. B．Be in favor of something.
C．Reject something. D．Give in to something.
（4）What kind of person do you think Fan is
A．Considerate and easy-going. B．kind and intelligent.
C．Humorous and sweet-tempered. D．Devoted and persistent.
23．阅读理解
Examples
of effective conservation of places matter to the world. They range from the
1960s Nubian campaign to safeguard Ancient Egyptian monuments from the waters
of the Aswan Dam to the removal in 2018 of the Belize Barrier Reef from the
List of World Heritage in Danger. Conservation is the core purpose of the World
Heritage Convention and it may also be its biggest challenge.
The
following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for
conservation and sustainable(可持续性) development. A year after Vienna
was included on the World Heritage List in 2001, the World Heritage Committee
(WHC) expressed concerns about the architectural solutions and height of four
planned towers of the Wien-Mitte project. This development project, close to
the Historic Centre of Vienna in the site's buffer zone, the one that lies
between two or more other areas, affected the urban scale(规模) and visual effects in and around the property(地产). As a result of the Committee's concerns, Vienna changed its
building codes and launched a new design competition for the Wien-Mitte project
to work out architectural plans with reduced size in keeping with World
Heritage protection.
The
successful practice inspired the government of the city to invite over 600
experts and professionals from 55 countries to an international conference on
World Heritage and contemporary architecture, held in Vienna in May 2005. The
global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation
and development, was recorded in the UNESCO Recommendation in 2011.
The
Recommendation put forwards an all-rounded and combined approach to balancing
urban heritage conservation and economic development, arguing that active
protection and management of urban heritage supports the goal of sustainable
development.
The
Recommendation supports the harmonious combination of contemporary involvement
into the historic urban framework while holding on to values linked to history,
memory and the environment.
（1）Why does the author mention the Belize Barrier Reef in Paragraph 1
A．To explain the goal of the organization.
B．To encourage the public to protect the world.
C．To show the positive effect of conservation.
D．To remind people of the environmental problems.
（2）Why was WHC worried about the Wien-Mitte project
A．It took up too much public land of the city.
B．It had a bad effect on the Historic Centre of Vienna.
C．Its original designs were not environmentally friendly.
D．Its architectural solutions couldn't meet safety standards.
（3）What did the global discussion focus on
A．The ways to combine conservation and development.
B．The creation of the new UNESCO Recommendation.
C．The international urban management and development.
D．The styles of the contemporary architecture of Vienna.
（4）What is the authors purpose in writing the text
A．To examine the challenges faced by global urban planners.
B．To introduce alternative ways of protecting the environment.
C．To stress the importance of the value of history and memory.
D．To promote active conservation and sustainable development.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科
Unit 1 Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures 分层练习
语言能力 掌握定语从句中关系代词关系副词的意义并掌握其用法。
学习能力 形成语法发现意识，感知语法形式特点。
思维品质 熟悉定语从句中关系代词与关系副词与所修饰成分之间的关系，并梳理成思维导图。
文化意识 结合中文汉字发展，对比中英学习过程中的困难。
一、单词拼写
1．The activity is aimed at presenting the new (形象) of China and helping people learn more about her.
【答案】image
【解析】【分析】句意：该活动旨在展示中国的新形象，帮助人们更多地了解她。根据句意和汉语提示，应用名词 image 作宾语，结合空后 of China ，可知应用单数形式，故填 image 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
2．It is my honour to be here to share with you my o on how to learn science in senior high school.
【答案】opinions
【解析】【分析】句意：我很荣幸能在这里与大家分享我对如何在高中学习科学的看法。根据句意和首字母，应用名词 opinion "看法"，作宾语，结合语境应用复数形式，故填 opinions 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
3．I have had the time of my life in China and wish I could stay here (永远).
【答案】forever
【解析】【分析】句意：我在中国度过了一生中最美好的时光，希望我能永远留在这里。根据句意和汉语提示，应用副词 forever ，此处修饰动词stay，作状语，故填 forever 。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
4．As everybody knows,there are a lot of beautiful and h places in the city of Xi'an.
【答案】historic
【解析】【分析】句意：众所周知，西安有许多美丽的历史名胜。根据句意和首字母，应用形容词 historic "有历史影响的，历史的，历史上的"，修饰名词 places ，作定语，故填 historic 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
5．Most of the food we buy is (加工) in some way.
【答案】processed
【解析】【分析】句意：我们购买的大部分食物都经过某种方式加工。“ 加工 ”应用 process ，是谓语动词，与空前的助动词is构成一般现在时的被动语态，故填 processed 。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
6．Police are (调查) possible links between the murders.
【答案】investigating
【解析】【分析】句意：警方正在调查这起谋杀案之间可能存在的联系。“调查”应用 investigate，此处是谓语动词，与空前的助动词are，构成现在进行时，故填investigating 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在进行时。
7．The kind sister has (原谅) her younger brother.
【答案】forgiven
【解析】【分析】句意：好心的姐姐原谅了弟弟。“ 原谅 ”应用 forgive ，此处是谓语动词，与空前的助动词has，构成现在完成时，故填 forgiven 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
8．The committee met several times to discuss these important (问题).
【答案】issues
【解析】【分析】句意：委员会多次开会讨论这些重要问题。“ 问题 ”应用 issue ，此处名词作宾语，these后接复数形式，故填 issues。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
9．We must do our best to prevent these historic site from (消失) .
【答案】disappearing
【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须尽最大努力防止这些历史遗迹消失。“ 消失 ”应用 disappear ，不及物动词，此处动名词作介词宾语，故填 disappearing 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词作宾语。
10．We should (捐赠) some money to those who are in trouble.
【答案】contribute/donate
【解析】【分析】句意：我们应该为那些陷入困境的人捐款。“ 捐赠 ”应用 contribute/donate ，与should构成谓语动词，故填 contribute/donate 。
【点评】考查动词，掌握 contribute/donate 的应用。
二、语法填空
11．There are many fruits and vegetables that may be better choices for the (prevent) of weight gain.
【答案】prevention
【解析】【分析】句意：有许多水果和蔬菜可能是预防体重增加的更好选择。此处名词作介词宾语， prevent “预防”，动词，其名词形式是 prevention ，不可数名词，故填 prevention 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
12．In (compare) with other students, Mike is more diligent.
【答案】comparison
【解析】【分析】句意：与其他学生相比，Mike 更加勤奋。此处名词作介词宾语， compare “比较”，动词，其名词形式是 comparison ，in comparison with固定短语，“与……相比”，故填comparison。
【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语in comparison with。
13．It is a (history) site made of many old stone buildings.
【答案】historical
【解析】【分析】句意：它是由许多古老的石头建筑组成的历史遗迹。此处形容词作定语， history “历史”，名词，其形容词形式 historical ，修饰名词 site ，故填 historical 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
14．It's still all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw (far).
【答案】further
【解析】【分析】句意：仍然是关于能够跑得更快，跳得更高，投得更远。此处副词比较级作状语，修饰动词 throw ，故填 further 。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词比较级修饰动词。
15．Our culture has many different customs and (tradition).
【答案】traditions
【解析】【分析】句意：我们的文化有许多不同的习俗和传统。此处名词作宾语，与 customs 并列，many后接复数名词，故填 traditions 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
16．She has lectured all the world and becomes famous.
【答案】over
【解析】【分析】句意：她在世界各地讲学并成名。all over the world，固定短语，“全世界”，故填over 。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语all over the world。
17．She must be feeling very lonely after the (lose) of her husband.
【答案】loss
【解析】【分析】句意：失去丈夫后，她一定感到非常孤独。此处名词作介词宾语， lose “丢失”动词，其名词形式是loss，不可数名词，故填 loss。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
18．This is the watch I am looking for.
【答案】which/that
【解析】【分析】句意：这就是我要找的手表。 I am looking for 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the watch ，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词 which/that ，故填 which/that 。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词 which/that引导的限制性定语从句。
19．She has two sons, both of graduated from Harvard University.
【答案】whom
【解析】【分析】句意：她有两个儿子，都毕业于哈佛大学。 both of graduated from Harvard University 是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 two sons ，指人，在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom，故填whom。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及“介词+whom”引导的非限制性定语从句。
20．The first thing he did after arriving home was doing his homework.
【答案】that
【解析】【分析】句意：他到家后做的第一件事就是做作业。 he did after arriving home 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 thing ，由序数词first修饰，且在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导，故填that。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及that引导的限制性定语从句。
三、完形填空
21．完形填空
The
600-year-old Forbidden City is the world's largest palace. It （1） more than 17 million （2） every year. If we were to travel back to the
past, this （3） palace
would be a （4） to us with a lot remaining to be discovered.
It was
when all （5） in Beijing were low except for the Forbidden
City, which was surrounded by high （6） and a wide moat(护城河). After （7） the golden roof(屋顶)
from the outside, people could only （8） what it looked like inside.
（9） an area
of 720,000 square meters in the heart of Beijing, the Forbidden City was built
from 1406 to 1420 by the third （10） of the Ming Dynasty. In the past, the
Forbidden City was where the highest （11） of the country laid. Emperors were born,
lived, fought and （12） there. Various （13） events happened there. It saw the （14） and downs of the Ming and Qing dynasties, as
well as how feudal monarchy(封建帝制) （15） came to an end in China.
The
lives of the royal families were （16） through many documents(文件). They （17） a large amount of valuable material for
today's historical （18） , as well as inspiration for literature
and entertainment.
In
1987, the Forbidden City was （19） as a UNESCO World Heritage site. For world
leaders who visit China, it is a must-see tourist （20） .
When they pay a state visit to China, our top leaders may show them around
there.
（1）A．relieves B．receives C．guides D．sells
（2）A．visitors B．students C．teachers D．citizens
（3）A．red B．small C．green D．huge
（4）A．dream B．hope C．wonder D．mystery
（5）A．museums B．rooms C．buildings D．houses
（6）A．towers B．walls C．trees D．hills
（7）A．looking
at B．giving up C．setting down D．jumping at
（8）A．tell B．think C．imagine D．admire
（9）A．Owning B．Covering C．Having D．Taking
（10）A．emperor B．designer C．painter D．soldier
（11）A．altitude B．power C．figure D．position
（12）A．studied B．worked C．gathered D．died
（13）A．happy B．sad C．historical D．national
（14）A．above B．best C．worst D．ups
（15）A．finally B．quickly C．gradually D．suddenly
（16）A．recorded B．settled C．connected D．copied
（17）A．grasp B．ignore C．write D．provide
（18）A．background B．research C．exam D．survey
（19）A．treated B．remembered C．listed D．honored
（20）A．palace B．scenery C．attraction D．place
【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）D；（4）D；（5）C；（6）B；（7）A；（8）C；（9）B；（10）A；（11）B；（12）D；（13）C；（14）D；（15）A；（16）A；（17）D；（18）B；（19）C；（20）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了拥有600年历史的北京故宫，有很多历史故事有待人们去发现。它有着高高的围墙，外面的人只能想象里面的样子；它是皇帝居住的地方，见证了封建帝制的终结；故宫里发生的故事都有文件记载，给历史学家提供了研究的材料；今天，它已被联合国列为“世界文化遗产”之一，各国领导人访问中国，故宫都将是必看的景点。
（1）考查动词。句意：有着600年历史的故宫是世界上最大的宫殿。每年接待1700多万游客。A. relieves“解除”；B. receives“接收”；C. guides“指导”；D. sells“卖”。此处指接待游客，故选B。
（2）考查名词。句意：每年接待1700多万游客。A. visitors“游客”；B. students“学生”；C. teachers“老师”；D. citizens“居民”。故宫作为历史名胜古迹，吸引了许多游客。故选A。
（3）考查形容词。句意：如果我们回到过去，这座巨大的宫殿对我们来说将是一个谜，有很多东西有待发现。根据上文“The 600-year-old Forbidden City is the world's largest palace.”和“an area of 720,000 square meters in the heart of Beijing”可知故宫是巨大的。故选D。
（4）考查名词。句意：如果我们回到过去，这座巨大的宫殿对我们来说将是一个谜，有很多东西有待发现。A. dream“梦想”；B. hope“希望”；C. wonder“惊讶”；D. mystery“谜”。根据“with a lot remaining to be discovered”可知故宫是神秘的地方，故选D。
（5）考查名词。句意：那时北京除了故宫外，所有的建筑都很低，故宫被高高的城墙和宽阔的护城河包围着。A. museums“博物馆”；B. rooms“房间”；C. buildings“建筑物”；D. houses“房子”。故选C。
（6）考查名词。句意：故宫被高高的城墙和宽阔的护城河包围着。A. towers“塔”；B. walls“墙”；C. trees“树”；D. hills“山”。此处指故宫被城墙包围，故选B。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：从外面看到金色屋顶之后，人们只能想象里面是什么样子。A. looking at看；B. giving up“放弃”；C. setting down“放下，写下”；D. jumping at“欣然接受”。从外面只能看到故宫的屋顶，故选A。
（8）考查动词。句意：从外面看了金色屋顶之后，人们只能想象里面是什么样子。A. tell“告诉”；B. think“想”；C. imagine“想象”；D. admire“钦佩”。因为看不到里面，所以只能想象里面的样子，故选C。
（9）考查动词。句意：位于北京市中心故宫占地面积72万平方米。A. Owning“拥有”；B. Covering“覆盖”；C. Having“有”；D. Taking“拿，取”。cover an area of“占地面积”，故选B。
（10）考查名词。句意：故宫由明朝第三个皇帝建于1406年至1420年。A. emperor“皇帝”；B. designer“设计师”；C. painter“画家”；D. soldier“战士”。此处指明朝第三个皇帝命令修建的故宫，故选A。
（11）考查名词。句意：在过去，故宫是国家的最高权力中心。A. altitude“海拔”；B. power“权力，力量”；C. figure“数字”；D. position“位置”。故宫是皇帝所在地，是国家权力所在，故选B。
（12）考查动词。句意：皇帝出生，生活，奋斗和死都在那里。A. studied“学习”；B. worked“工作”；C. gathered“聚集”；D. died“死亡”。与“born”呼应，指皇帝一生都在故宫度过，故选D。
（13）考查形容词。句意：许多历史事件都发生在故宫。A. happy“高兴的”；B. sad“难过的”；C. historical“历史的”；D. national“国家的”。故宫经历了明清两个朝代，又是国家最高权力所在地，所以许多历史事件发生在这里。故选C。
（14）考查名词。句意：故宫见证了封建帝制的兴衰。A. above“上述的”；B. best“最好的”；C. worst“最差的”；D. ups“向上的”。根据下文，封建帝制的终结，说明故宫见证了明清两代的兴衰。ups and downs固定短语， “沉浮，盛衰”，故选D。
（15）考查副词。句意：故宫见证了明清两代的兴衰，也见证了封建帝制在中国的终结。A. finally“最后”；B. quickly“快地”；C. gradually“逐渐地”；D. suddenly“突然地”。come to an end是短暂性动词短语，一般不与带有延续意义的状语gradually连用。此处指最后结束，故选A。
（16）考查动词。句意：皇室家族的生活通过许多文件记录下来。A. recorded“记录”；B. settled“解决”；C. connected“连接”；D. copied“复制”。此处指记录历史，故选A。
（17）考查动词。句意：它们为今天的历史研究提供了大量有价值的资料，也为文学和娱乐提供了灵感。A. grasp“抓住”；B. ignore“忽视”；C. write“写”；D. provide“提供”。此处指历史记录为现在的研究提供资料，故选D。
（18）考查名词。句意：它们为今天的历史研究提供了大量有价值的资料，也为文学和娱乐提供了灵感。A. background“背景”；B. research“研究”；C. exam“考试”；D. survey“调查”。指现在的历史研究，故选B。
（19）考查动词。句意：1987年，故宫被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。A. treated“治疗”；B. remembered“记得”；C. listed“列清单”；D. honored“尊重”。be listed as“被列为”，故选C。
（20）考查名词。句意：对于访问中国的世界领导人来说，故宫是一个必看的旅游景点。A. palace“宫殿”；B. scenery“景色”；C. attraction“吸引”；D. place“地方”。此处表示“最有吸引力的景点”，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、阅读理解
22．阅读理解
If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and
her team, the world cultural heritage at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in a remote
Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans.
Born and raised in Shanghai, Fan has
spent half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist
wall painting at Dunhuang, in Northwest China's Gansu Province. The 1 651-year-old
Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a huge collection of Buddhist art—more than 2 000
buddha figures and 45 000 square meters of paintings spread among 735 caves. It
is China's first UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang
after graduation from Peking University in 1963. While in Dunhuang, a remote
village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At first, she did
not even dare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from
sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, planted trees
and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves. They also
controlled the number of visitors.
In the late 1990s, with tourism booming
nationwide since national holidays were extended, the local government planned
to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan firmly in their
way. "The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been
listed," she said.
Dunhuang Academy has now photographed
and cataloged online all the sculptures and paintings. "Despite our
efforts to minimize damage, we can't completely stop them from being eroded.
But the digital database will last."
Fan was grateful when her husband
joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Her two sons grew
up in Shanghai with their aunt. "I have not been a good mother or wife.
With regard to my family, I'm full of guilt," she said. Fan, 79, retired
two years ago as the director of Dunhuang Academy but continues her efforts as
a national political adviser.
（1）Which of the following measures didn't Fan Jinshi take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes
A．Opening Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively.
B．Planting trees and stopping the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded.
C．Picturing and classifying all the sculptures and paintings online.
D．Putting doors on the caves and monitoring temperature and humidity.
（2）When was Fan separated from her husband
A．In 1963. B．In 1967.
C．In 1986. D．In the late 1990s.
（3）The phrase "in their way" in Paragraph 4 means ________.
A．Go to a place. B．Be in favor of something.
C．Reject something. D．Give in to something.
（4）What kind of person do you think Fan is
A．Considerate and easy-going. B．kind and intelligent.
C．Humorous and sweet-tempered. D．Devoted and persistent.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了樊锦诗守护敦煌莫高窟的故事。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“To protect the treasures from sand and dampness, Fan and other workers put doors on the caves, planted trees and started monitoring temperature and humidity in the caves. They also control the number of visitors.”为了保护这些珍宝不被沙子和潮气侵蚀，范和其他工作人员在洞穴上安了门，种了树，并开始监测洞穴内的温度和湿度。他们还控制着游客的数量；第五段中的“Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and catalogued online all the sculptures and paintings.”敦煌画院现在已经在网上为所有的雕塑和绘画拍照并编目，可知，选项B. They planted trees and stopped the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded.‘他们植树造林，阻止了敦煌莫高窟被侵蚀”，选项C. They pictured and classified all the sculptures and paintings online.“他们在网上描绘并分类所有的雕塑和绘画”和选项D. They put doors on the caves and monitored temperature and humidity.“他们在洞穴上安了门，并监测温度和湿度”均属于文章提及保护敦煌莫高窟的措施。选项A不属于保护措施。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的‘Fan was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation”，可知1986年的19年前是1967年，故选B。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“‘The heritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed,' she said.”如果这份遗产被列入名录，它早就被毁了。可知她坚决反对当地政府将敦煌莫高窟公诸于众的计划，“in their way”的意思是“反对某事”，故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知樊锦诗放弃照顾家庭，一生守卫敦煌的事迹，可判断出樊锦诗具有奉献的和坚持不懈的精神，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
23．阅读理解
Examples
of effective conservation of places matter to the world. They range from the
1960s Nubian campaign to safeguard Ancient Egyptian monuments from the waters
of the Aswan Dam to the removal in 2018 of the Belize Barrier Reef from the
List of World Heritage in Danger. Conservation is the core purpose of the World
Heritage Convention and it may also be its biggest challenge.
The
following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for
conservation and sustainable(可持续性) development. A year after Vienna
was included on the World Heritage List in 2001, the World Heritage Committee
(WHC) expressed concerns about the architectural solutions and height of four
planned towers of the Wien-Mitte project. This development project, close to
the Historic Centre of Vienna in the site's buffer zone, the one that lies
between two or more other areas, affected the urban scale(规模) and visual effects in and around the property(地产). As a result of the Committee's concerns, Vienna changed its
building codes and launched a new design competition for the Wien-Mitte project
to work out architectural plans with reduced size in keeping with World
Heritage protection.
The
successful practice inspired the government of the city to invite over 600
experts and professionals from 55 countries to an international conference on
World Heritage and contemporary architecture, held in Vienna in May 2005. The
global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation
and development, was recorded in the UNESCO Recommendation in 2011.
The
Recommendation put forwards an all-rounded and combined approach to balancing
urban heritage conservation and economic development, arguing that active
protection and management of urban heritage supports the goal of sustainable
development.
The
Recommendation supports the harmonious combination of contemporary involvement
into the historic urban framework while holding on to values linked to history,
memory and the environment.
（1）Why does the author mention the Belize Barrier Reef in Paragraph 1
A．To explain the goal of the organization.
B．To encourage the public to protect the world.
C．To show the positive effect of conservation.
D．To remind people of the environmental problems.
（2）Why was WHC worried about the Wien-Mitte project
A．It took up too much public land of the city.
B．It had a bad effect on the Historic Centre of Vienna.
C．Its original designs were not environmentally friendly.
D．Its architectural solutions couldn't meet safety standards.
（3）What did the global discussion focus on
A．The ways to combine conservation and development.
B．The creation of the new UNESCO Recommendation.
C．The international urban management and development.
D．The styles of the contemporary architecture of Vienna.
（4）What is the authors purpose in writing the text
A．To examine the challenges faced by global urban planners.
B．To introduce alternative ways of protecting the environment.
C．To stress the importance of the value of history and memory.
D．To promote active conservation and sustainable development.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个遗产保护和可持续发展相结合的成功案例，目的是促进积极的遗产保护和可持续发展。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Examples of effective conservation of places matter to the world.”有效保护世界遗产的例子对世界很重要，紧接着提到伯利兹大堡礁就是为了证明这一点，可知作者在第一段提到伯利兹大堡礁就是为了展示遗产保护的积极作用，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“This development project, close to the Historic Centre of Vienna in the site's buffer zone, the one that lies between two or more other areas, affected the urban scale (规模) and visual effects in and around the property (地产). ”可知，该开发项目靠近位于场地缓冲区的维也纳历史中心，位于两个或多个其他区域之间，影响了场地内和周围的城市规模和视觉效果，因此，世界遗产委员会担心Wien-Mitte项目是因为它对维也纳的历史中心产生了不良影响，故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation and development”可知，全球讨论的焦点是把遗产保护和发展结合起来的方法，故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for conservation and sustainable(可持续性) development.”可知，文章主要介绍了几个遗产保护和可持续发展相结合的成功案例，因此，作者写这篇文章的目的是促进积极的遗产保护和可持续发展，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
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