Unit 2 Topic 3 Section B
课文讲解及知识点
一 . 课文翻译 :
Jane : Hi , Michael . Would you like to be a greener person
简:嗨,迈克尔。你想成为一个更环保的人吗?
Michael : Of course , I ' d love to . But what should I do
迈克尔:当然,我很乐意。但是我应该怎么做呢?
Jane :First , you ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room .
简:首先,你离开房间时应该关掉电源。
Michael : Oh , that ' s easy . What ' s next
迈克尔:哦,那很简单。接下来呢?
Jane : Second , you ' d better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance .
简:第二,如果你短途旅行的话,你最好走路或骑自行车,而不是坐公共汽车或出租车。
Michael : That ' s right . It will save energy and reduce air pollution .
迈克尔:你说得对。这样可以节约能源并减少空气污染。
Jane :Third , take a cloth bag when you go shopping . Don ' t use plastic bags .
简:第三,你去购物时带上布袋子。不要使用塑料袋。
Michael : It ' s so easy to be a greener person .
迈克尔:成为一个更环保的人太容易了。
Jane :Easier said than done .
简:说起来容易做起来难。
Michael : Well , actions speak louder than words .
迈克尔:嗯,行动胜于言语。
二 . 课文讲解及知识点:
Jane: Hi, Michael. Would you like to be a greener person
主语: you
谓语: Would like
宾语: to be a greener person
问候语: Hi, Michael
知识点:
Would like to do sth.:想要做某事
Greener person:更环保的人
短语:
Would like to do sth.:常用短语,表示想要做某事,类似短语有want to do sth.
Michael: Of course, I'd love to. But what should I do
主语: I
谓语: would love to
状语: Of course, But
疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形: what should I do
主语: I
谓语: should do
宾语: what
知识点:
I'd love to = I would love to:我愿意
What should I do :我应该做什么?
短语:
I'd love to:常用短语,表示愿意做某事
What should I do :常用疑问句,询问应该做什么
Jane: First, you ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room.
主语: you
谓语: ought to shut off
宾语: the electricity
时间状语从句: when you leave a room
知识点:
Ought to do sth.:应该做某事
Shut off:关闭(电源、水龙头等)
短语:
Ought to do sth.:常用短语,表示应该做某事
Shut off the electricity:关闭电源
When you leave a room:时间状语从句,表示“当你离开房间时”
Michael: Oh, that's easy. What's next
主语: that
系动词: is
表语: easy
疑问词+系动词+主语: What's next
知识点:
That's easy.:那很简单。
What's next :接下来是什么?
短语:
That's easy.:常用表达,表示某事很简单
What's next :常用疑问句,询问接下来会发生什么
Jane: Second, you'd better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance.
主语: you
谓语: had better walk/ride
宾语: a bike
介词短语: instead of taking a bus or a taxi
条件状语从句: if you travel a short distance
知识点:
You'd better do sth.:你最好做某事
Instead of doing sth.:代替做某事
Travel a short distance:短途旅行
短语:
You'd better do sth.:表示建议某人最好做某事
Instead of doing sth.:表示“代替做某事”
Walk or ride a bike:步行或骑自行车
Take a bus/taxi:乘坐公共汽车/出租车
Travel a short distance:短途旅行
Michael: That's right. It will save energy and reduce air pollution.
主语:It
并列谓语: will save and reduce
宾语: energy and air pollution
知识点:
That's right.:那是对的。
Save energy:节约能源
Reduce air pollution:减少空气污染
短语:
That's right.:常用表达,表示同意或确认
Save energy:节约能源
Reduce air pollution:减少空气污染
Jane: Third, take a cloth bag when you go shopping. Don't use plastic bags.
祈使句1: Take a cloth bag
时间状语从句: when you go shopping
祈使句2: Don't use plastic bags
知识点:
祈使句:表达命令、请求、建议等语气的句子
Go shopping:去购物
短语:
Take a cloth bag:带上布袋
Go shopping:去购物
Don't use plastic bags:不要使用塑料袋
Michael: It's so easy to be a greener person.
主语: It
系动词: is
表语: so easy
动词不定式作真正主语: to be a greener person
知识点:
It is + adj. + to do sth.:做某事是...的
短语:
It is so easy to do sth.:做某事是如此容易
Be a greener person:成为一个更环保的人
Jane: Easier said than done.
主语: It
谓语: is
表语: Easier said than done(形容词比较级+过去分词+than+过去分词)
知识点:
Easier said than done:说起来容易做起来难
短语:
Easier said than done:常用表达,表示某事说起来容易但做起来难
Michael: Well, actions speak louder than words.
主语: Actions
谓语: speak
表语: louder
比较状语: than words
知识点:
Actions speak louder than words:行动胜于言语
短语:
Actions speak louder than words:常用表达,表示行动比言语更有说服力
三. Grammar(状语从句)
定义:状语从句指的是用作状语的从属句,用以修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句。
分类:根据其表达的意思,状语从句可以分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句和条件状语从句等。
时间状语从句
时间状语从句通常由when、while、as、before、after、since、until等连词引导,用以表示主句动作发生的时间。例如:
When he knocked at the door, I was cooking.(当他敲门时,我正在煮饭。)
Since I last saw you, I have been busy with work.(自从我上次见到你以来,我一直忙于工作。)
地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where、wherever等连词引导,用以表示动作发生的地点或处所。例如:
Where there is a will, there is a way.(有志者事竟成。)
Wherever you go, I will be here waiting for you.(无论你去哪里,我都会在这里等你。)
原因状语从句
原因状语从句通常由because、as、since等连词引导,用以说明主句动作发生的原因。例如:
I didn't go to the party because I was tired.(我没有去参加聚会,因为我累了。)
Since the weather is good, we can go for a walk.(既然天气好,我们可以去散步。)
目的状语从句
目的状语从句通常由so that、in order that等连词引导,用以表示主句动作的目的或结果。例如:
He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.(他努力学习以便能通过考试。)
We got up early in order that we could catch the first bus.(我们早起以便能赶上第一班公共汽车。)
结果状语从句
结果状语从句通常由so…that…、such…that…等结构引导,用以表示主句动作所产生的结果。例如:
The box is so heavy that I can't lift it.(这个箱子太重了,我搬不动。)
She is such a good singer that everyone likes her.(她唱得那么好,大家都喜欢她。)
让步状语从句
让步状语从句通常由though、although、even if等连词引导,用以表示主句动作的发生并不受从句动作的影响。例如:
Although he is old, he still works hard.(尽管他年纪大了,但他仍然努力工作。)
Even if it rains, we will go for a walk.(即使下雨,我们也要去散步。)
比较状语从句
比较状语从句通常由as…as、not as/so…as、more…than等结构引导,用以表示两者之间的比较关系。例如:
He is as tall as his father.(他和他父亲一样高。)
She sings better than her sister.(她唱得比她姐姐好。)
条件状语从句
条件状语从句通常由if、unless等连词引导,用以表示主句动作发生的条件。例如:
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.(如果明天不下雨,我们就去野餐。)
Unless you apologize, I won't speak to you.(除非你道歉,否则我不会和你说话。)
注意事项
时态搭配:在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,通常遵循“主将从现”的原则,即主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。但在其他类型的状语从句中,时态的搭配可能因具体情况而异。
连词选择:不同类型的状语从句需要使用不同的连词来引导,因此需要根据句子的具体意思来选择合适的连词。
语序问题:状语从句的语序通常是正常的陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。但在某些特殊情况下,如倒装句中,语序可能会有所变化。