广东省华附 省实 广雅 深中四校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题（PDF版含解析）

华附、省实、广雅、深中 2022级高二下学期期末联考
英语
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共 12页，满分 150分，考试用时 120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等相关
信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的
相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改
液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
第一部分 选择题（共 95分）
一、单项选择（共 15个小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 22.5分）
根据题意，从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。
1. After months of hard work and preparation, the company finally saw its business ________, attracting numerous
investments.
A. take up B. take over C. take off D. take in
2. ________ in the planning process for the group project will leave team members feeling disconnected and
unproductive.
A. Not involving B. Not involved
C Not having involved D. Not being involved
3. It is reported that a new wildlife conservation area has been established in ________ was once known for
deforestation to protect endangered species.
A. what B. which C. how D. where
4. ________ a healthy eating habit, and you can feel more energetic and improve your well-being.
A. Have B. To have C. Having D. Had
5. ________ unique project, ________ of a series of experiments, is designed to investigate the potential of AI in
identifying medical conditions.
A. An; consists B. A; consists C. An; consisting D. A; consisting
6. The thrilling moment ________ Susan cherishes most is ________ she reached the peak of the mountain and
appreciated the untouched wilderness below.
A. that; when B. which; why C. where; when D. what; why
7. The new Guangzhou Cultural Museum, ________ a collection of historical relics from various dynasties,
________ visitors with its rich cultural heritage.
A. housing; collects B. featuring; attracts C. displayed; gathers D. contained; fascinates
8. By the time she ________ next year, Sarah ________ three internships, giving her a strong foundation for her
career in finance.
A. graduate; will complete B. graduates; will have completed
C. graduated; will be completed D. graduating; will be completing
9. ________ mutual understanding, cultural exchange programs ________ among the countries participating in the
meeting currently.
A. Strengthening; is introduced B. Strengthened; is being introduced
C. Having strengthened; are introduced D. To strengthen; are being introduced
10. ________ the weather is like, the marathon will continue as planned, with participants ________ to prepare for
rain or shine.
A. Whatever; advised B. However; advised
C. No matter what; being advised D. No matter how; being advised
11. A recent survey ________ 60% of US respondents believed social media platforms were evolving too fast,
________ 80% urged caution in introducing new features.
A. shows, since B. has shown, so C. showed, while D. had shown, as
12. ________ data leaks have become more common, worries about privacy are growing, and the chance
________ a person’s private details are at risk is getting higher.
A. Given that; whether B. Now that; that
C. But that; whether D. Except that; that
13. The information board ________ that all drones (无人机) under 250 grams must be registered with the local
flight agency before ________ in public areas.
A. reads; flew B. read; being flown C. reads; flying D. read; flying
14. ________ governments have addressed the problem of affordable housing ________ their commitment to
providing accessible living options for all citizens
A. What; reflects B. That; reflects C. There; reflected D. Whether; reflected
15. Novels by authors such as Dickens and Austen are widely read, some of ________ works, however, are
sometimes difficult ________.
A. which, to comprehend B. whose, to comprehend
C. which, to be comprehended D. whose, to be comprehended
二、阅读理解（共两节，满分 50分）
第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将
该项涂黑。
A
There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in the Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in
Antarctica and the female pioneers they’re named after.
Jones Terrace
The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica’s Victoria Land bears Jones’ name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M.
Jones led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied
chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of
rocks they had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley’s ice-
covered lakes.
Mount Fiennes
8,202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island—Alexander Island—is named after
Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic with her colleagues. In
1985, Fiennes became the first female invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals
who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region.
Francis Peak
The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first
female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of
fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the
continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.
Peden Cliffs
Peden Cliffs near Antarctica’s Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first
American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets.
Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio wave spread over long polar distances by measuring
pathways in the
ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.
16. What do the first two pioneers have in common
A. They analyzed different chemicals of rocks in Antarctica.
B. They both worked with their own team in Antarctica.
C. They conducted the research in the ice-free areas in Antarctica.
D. They joined the Antarctic Club for their stay in Antarctica.
17. Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic
A. Lois M. Jones. B. Ginny Fiennes.
C. Dame Jane Francis. D. Irene Peden.
18. What is the scientific breakthrough of Irene Peden
A. She was the first American scientist to explore the Antarctic.
B. She measured the spreading frequencies of radio waves.
C. She found out the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.
D. She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctic.
B
Canadian author Alice Munro, a master of the contemporary short story, passed away on May 13, 2024, at 92.
Munro’s texts featured depictions of everyday but decisive events, pulling vast themes out of ordinary
settings. Her characters often mirrored her own rural Ontario lifestyle. In an interview after winning the Nobel
Prize, she said that living in a small town gave her the freedom to write. “I don’t think I could have been so brave
if I had been living in a city, competing with people on what can be called a generally higher cultural level,” she
said. “As far as I knew, at least for a while, I was the only person I knew who wrote stories.”
Munro’s first short story was published when she was 37, a college dropout squeezing in writing time around
her children’s naps. By the time she was in her 60s, she had become one of the most celebrated short-story writers
in the world. Throughout her long career, she hardly ever failed to wow readers and critics with her quietly
powerful language. In reviewing her last collection, Dear Life, NPR critic Alan Cheuse wrote “A Munro story
gives us so much life within the bounds of a single tale that it nourishes (滋养 ) us almost as much as a novel
does.”
In a literary culture that tends to celebrate novels over shorter fiction, Munro has been a constant advocate for
the power of the short story. In the interview, Munro emphasized the significance of her win not for herself, but for
her art form: “I really hope this would make people see the short story as an important art, not just something you
play around with until you get a novel written.”
When asked “Do you want young women to be inspired by your books and feel inspired to write ” Munro
replied, “I don’t care about that. I want people to find not so much inspiration as great joy. I want them to think of
my books as related to their own lives in ways.”
19. Why did Munro feel free to write while living in rural areas
A. She was inspired by rural landscape and lifestyles.
B. She was free from stress of a more cultured setting.
C. She had more courage to compete with urban writers.
D. She had access to ordinary people and decisive events.
20. What did Alan Cheuse say about Munro’s stories in Dear Life
A. They promote readers’ mental well-being.
B. They have broken the length limit of short stories.
C. They impress readers with quietly powerful language.
D. They offer richness and depth in shorter format.
21. How did Munro view the short story in literary culture
A. It is more powerful than novels. B. It is a way of entertainment for young writers.
C. It is as important an art form as novels. D. It is an inspiration for young writers.
22. What did Munro want readers to get by reading her books
A. Inspiration to become writers themselves.
B. Enjoyment and connection to their own lives.
C. Pleasure and motivation to change their lives.
D. Information about art forms and literary culture.
C
Handwriting notes in class might seem old-fashioned as digital technology affects nearly every aspect of
learning. But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the
best way to learn, especially for young children.
The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly, without thinking
much about what they’re writing-but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and
process the incoming information. This conscious action of building on existing knowledge can make it easier for
students to stay engaged and grasp new concepts.
To understand specific brain-activity differences during the two note-taking approaches, the authors of the
new study sewed 256 electrodes (电极 ) into a hairnet. These sensors let the scientists record 36 students’ brain
activity as they wrote or typed words displayed on a screen. When students wrote by hand, the sensors picked up
widespread
brain connectivity throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information, and the motor cortex
(运动皮层 ) that helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person’s next action. Typing, however,
resulted in minimal activity in these brain regions.
Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the
clear tie between physical actions and concept understanding, “As you’re writing a word, you’re taking this
continuous understanding of something and using motor system to create it.” That creation then affects the visual
system, where it’s processed again-strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with
it.
Vinci-Booher notes that the new findings don’t mean technology is always a disadvantage in the classroom.
Digital devices can be more efficient for writing essays and offer more equal access to educational resources.
However, there’s a growing trend of relying on digital devices to perform cognitive (认知的) tasks, such as taking
photos instead of memorizing information. Yadurshana Sivashankar, an researcher at the University of Waterloo
says, “If we’re not actively using these areas, then they are going to become worse over time, whether it’s memory
or motor skills.”
23. Why does the author mention the 2014 study
A. To present different research findings. B. To make the new research more convincing
C. To compare two note taking approaches. D. To show the advantage of writing slowly
24. What can be learned from the experiment in Paragraph 3
A. Sensors were used to process visual information.
B. Electrodes were connected to students’ hair directly.
C. Writing by hand activated more brain activity than typing.
D. Typing stimulated the motor cortex to inform following action.
25. What would Sophia Vinci-Booher probably advise students to do
A. Make better use of motor system. B. Take advantage of digital devices.
C. Adopt a new approach to taking notes. D. Memorize words by writing essays.
26 What is the main idea of the text
A. Technology is not a disadvantage in classroom.
B. Writing by hand comes with learning benefits.
C. Taking notes enhances students’ brain activity.
D. Two note-taking approaches have clear differences.
D
The more scientists investigate the microbes (微生物 ) living inside us, the more they learn about the
surprising impact of the tiny organisms on how we look, act, think, and feel. Are our health and well-being really
driven by the bacteria, viruses and fungi that live in our intestines (肠), in our lungs, on our skin, on our eyeballs
What a weird concept — that the bugs we carry around appear to be essential to establishing the basic nature of
who we are.
The effects of the microbiome, the microorganisms that exist in human body, can be profound and can start
incredibly early. In a study, scientists showed that something supposedly as natural as a child’s character might be
related to the bacteria in an infant’s digestive system; the more Bifidobacterium (双歧杆菌) there are, the sunnier
the baby is. This observation, from the University of Turku in Finland, is based on an analysis of samples from
301 babies. Those with the highest proportion of Bifidobacterium organisms at two months old were more likely to
exhibit a trait the researchers called “positive emotionality” at six months old.
Microbiome science is still relatively young. Most studies so far have been initial and small-scale, involving
only a dozen or so mice or humans. Scientists have found associations between the microbiome and disease but
can’t yet draw clear cause-and-effect conclusions about our extensive collection of microorganisms and their
effects on us as hosts. Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling — it’s now thought to be around 38 trillion
microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells. And the prospects
for putting that collection to use are more than promising.
In the not-too-distant future, according to the most enthusiastic researchers, it might be a routine for us to take
a dose of healthy microbes in various forms. Hopefully, with the help of new medical advances, we will be able to
achieve our full potential by functioning at peak levels internally and externally.
27 What can we learn about microbiome
A. The development of microbiome is quite mature nowadays.
B. The more Bifidobacterium an adult has, the healthier one is.
C. More microbes than human cells are present in young men.
D. Microbes have little influence on shaping our identity
28. What does the underlined word “mind-boggling” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Weakening. B. Astonishing. C. Disturbing. D. Misleading.
29. What can be inferred from the text
A. It’s necessary to remove certain fungi from our body.
B. 2-month-old babies are often more positive than 6-month-old ones.
C. New supplements related to microbiome are likely being developed
D. The relationship between microorganisms and disease remains unclear.
30. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. How microbes benefit our health.
B. How microbes shape our lives.
C. What affects early childhood.
D. What Turku University reveals about microbes.
第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选
项。
On a large scale, making the world a better place can seem challenging. ___31___ As a leader, your
perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better. Here are some ways to make an impact
and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence.
___32___ Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust, which lays the foundation
for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships. As a result, people are more likely to share openly and
honestly. Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results.
Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into
action. Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents. ___33___ An
example of what this could sound like is, “Wow! I am blown away by your project. What I see possible for you is
to share with the rest of the team how to do it too.”
Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles. Start by connecting with your
peers and ask them about causes they’re already involved in. ___34___ There is almost no limit to the impact you
can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers. With a little time, you can make a big
difference.
Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill. When you share with others, you’re teaching
them something special about you and your journey. Imagine what would be possible if your community was in
the mode of cooperation and contribution. This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. ___35___
A. Show your kindness and respect to others.
B. This informs them that they are appreciated.
C. As your conversation continues, ask what is needed.
D. Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively.
E. When you are in contribution to others, you make a positive impact.
F. As a leader you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge.
G. One person may not change the world, but you can make a positive impact daily.
三、语言运用（共两节，满分 37.5分）
第一节：完形填空（共 15个小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 22.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最
佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At one night in July 2020 in Reykjavik, Halli was wandering around the city’s main street with his wife and
two kids. During their walk, his three-year-old son was ___36___ and wanted a drink from the corner store. But
Halli soon discovered he couldn’t help with the ___37___ request: A 20-centimetre step ___38___ his access to
the store.
The barrier was all too ___39___. Born with muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩 ), which causes progressive
___40___ and loss of muscle, Halli, now 46, has been using a wheelchair since he was 25.
As he ___41___ his wife and children outside the shop, he recalls, “I thought about how very strange it is that
we always ___42___ families in this way.”
Living all over the world as a creative director and digital designer, Halli had ___43___ first hand how
different cities consider and plan for accessibility, from ramps (坡道) and sidewalks to public transportation. He
decided to start with a project to make Iceland wheelchair ___44___.
Ramp Up Reykjavik launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a ____45____ to build 100 ramps within 1 year.
Unlike temporary solutions in other cities, these ramps are ____46____ structures that match the beauty of
buildings.
With the help of government funding and other sponsors, the Ramp Up team finished ahead of schedule and
has ____47____ its scope to all of Iceland. In three short years, Hali has become a ____48____ in his hometown.
Halli is proud that Ramp Up has ____49____ others to act. “Equal access to society is ____50____ not something
that is a reality yet,” says Hali. But as he’s learned, change starts with just one person.
36. A. anxious B. thirsty C. exhausted D. hungry
37. A. special B. funny C. simple D. childish
38. A. replaced B. ruined C. supported D. blocked
39. A. surprising B. familiar C. unique D. complex
40. A. weakness B. depression C. strength D. trouble
41. A. waited for B. listened to C. worried about D. searched for
42. A. reject B. protect C. separate D. connect
43 A. ignored B. recorded C. questioned D. witnessed
44. A. accessible B. attractive C. effective D. practical
45. A. treatment B. limitation C. goal D. rule
46. A. convenient B. permanent C. formal D. useful
47. A. broadened B. hidden C. narrowed D. deepened
48. A. master B. legend C. success D. expert
49. A. prevented B. persuaded C. forced D. motivated
50. A. fortunately B. definitely C. eventually D. regularly
第二部分 非选择题（共 55分）
三、语言运用（共两节，满分 55分）
第二节：语法填空（共 10个小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 15分）
语法填空
When discussing global education systems, Finland stands out for ___51___ (it) high-ranking performance in
international assessments and holistic (全面的) approach to education. The Finnish curriculum prioritizes essential
life skills such as ___52___ (creative), cooperation, critical thinking, and communication. Additionally, Finnish
schools ___53___ (emphasis) social and emotional skills like empathy and self-confidence, ensuring students are
well-rounded and prepared for real-world challenges.
Finland’s education system values cooperation ___54___ competition, fostering a cooperative learning
environment ___55___ students learn from and support each other. Meanwhile, Finnish teachers enjoy freedom to
design their course, which allows them ___56___ (tailor) their teaching methods to meet their students’ unique
needs. This trust in teachers, combined with the cooperative learning environment, ___57___ (promote) innovation,
continuous improvement, and collective responsibility for student success.
___58___, to imitate Finland’s success requires careful consideration of contextual factors and systemic
differences. Finland’s model shows that comprehensive education, ___59___ (profession) trust, and cooperation
are key to ___60___ (secure) long-term student success.
四、写作（共两节，满分 40分）
第一节：应用文写作（共 15分）
61.上周六，你校组织了“走进社区”实践活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动内容；
2.活动反响。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Entering the Community
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：读后续写（共 25分）
62.读后续写
The Secret of Flowers
Anna worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. This was how they made their living.
Anna helped her mother tend the garden, so the vegetables would be healthy and ready for the market. Anna often
pretended the plants she tended were beautiful roses, like Mrs. Brown’s prize flowers.
The only person in the village who made money selling flowers was Mrs. Brown. She grew roses and sold
them to flower shops in the city. Every year she joined the City Rose Festival. People thought that Mrs. Brown
used magic to grow her roses. How else could she win first prize twenty years in a row
Anna loved to tend flowers. Moreover, she often dreamed about growing her own roses and winning first
prize in the festival. With the prize money, she would also be able to lighten the burden at home. However, roses
were too expensive for her to start.
One day, Anna visited Mrs. Brown to see her flowers. Mrs. Brown was whispering to her roses when she
arrived. “Spying on me again!” Mrs. Brown frowned.
“I only came to see your flowers, Mrs. Brown.” Anna took a deep breath. “I wish I could grow beautiful roses
and win a prize at the festival like you.”
“I have experience passed down from generations.” Mrs. Brown laughed. “Stick to vegetables, child. Leave
flowers to those who know the secret of flowers.”
Mrs. Brown returned to her gardening, ignoring the sad look on Anna’s face. Then she pulled up a dried-up
rose, and threw it over the fence. “A plant in bad condition. Unworthy of my time,” Mrs. Brown mumbled.
Anna smiled, as she had an idea. She bowed farewell to Mrs. Brown and went out the garden gate. Mrs.
Brown was busy minding her prize roses. Anna quickly bent over and grabbed the abandoned rose before rushing
home. She remembered a quiet spot behind the cottage. It was the perfect place for her little rose to grow. Now,
she had a chance for the festival.
Anna planted the rose in her garden and tended it carefully.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
On festival morning, Mrs. Brown passed by and saw the beautiful rose.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
华附、省实、广雅、深中 2022级高二下学期期末联考
英语
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共 12页，满分 150分，考试用时 120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等相关
信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的
相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改
液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
第一部分 选择题（共 95分）
一、单项选择（共 15个小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 22.5分）
根据题意，从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。
1. After months of hard work and preparation, the company finally saw its business ________, attracting numerous
investments.
A. take up B. take over C. take off D. take in
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过数月的努力和准备，该公司终于看到了生意的腾飞，吸引了大量
投资。A. take up占用；B. take over接管；C. take off(事业)腾飞；D. take in理解。根据句中“attracting
numerous investments”可知，公司吸引了大量投资，此处表示公司的生意腾飞了。故选 C。
2. ________ in the planning process for the group project will leave team members feeling disconnected and
unproductive.
A. Not involving B. Not involved
C. Not having involved D. Not being involved
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和动名词。句意：不参与团队项目的计划过程会让团队成员感到疏离和低效。“be
involved in”意为“参与”，谓语动词是“will leave”，使用动名词短语作主语，动名词的否定形式是在
它的前面加 not。故选 D。
3. It is reported that a new wildlife conservation area has been established in ________ was once known for
deforestation to protect endangered species.
A. what B. which C. how D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：据报道，为了保护濒危物种，在曾经以砍伐森林而闻名的地区建立了一个
新的野生动物保护区。本空引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，意为：……的地方，应用连接代词
what引导。故选 A。
4. ________ a healthy eating habit, and you can feel more energetic and improve your well-being.
A. Have B. To have C. Having D. Had
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：养成健康的饮食习惯，你会感到更有活力，改善你的健康状况。本句使用
“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型，所以逗号前为祈使句，省略主语 you，将动词原形形式置于句首。故选
A。
5. ________ unique project, ________ of a series of experiments, is designed to investigate the potential of AI in
identifying medical conditions.
A. An; consists B. A; consists C. An; consisting D. A; consisting
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词和非谓语动词。句意：一个由一系列实验组成的独特项目旨在研究人工智能在识别医疗
状况方面的潜力。unique是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词 a，句中已有谓语 is designed，第二
空作非谓语动词，consist与逻辑主语 project之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故选 D。
6. The thrilling moment ________ Susan cherishes most is ________ she reached the peak of the mountain and
appreciated the untouched wilderness below.
A. that; when B. which; why C. where; when D. what; why
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：苏珊最珍惜的激动人心的时刻是当她到达山顶，欣赏下面未被
触及的荒野时。第一空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 The thrilling moment，先行词指物，关系词在从
句中作宾语，应用关系代词 that/which引导从句，第二空引导表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，应用 when
引导从句。故选 A。
7. The new Guangzhou Cultural Museum, ________ a collection of historical relics from various dynasties,
________ visitors with its rich cultural heritage.
A. housing; collects B. featuring; attracts C. displayed; gathers D. contained; fascinates
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词词义辨析。句意：新建的广州文化博物馆以收藏历代历史文物为特色，以
其丰富的文化遗产吸引着游客。A. housing收藏；collects收集；B. featuring以……为特色；attracts吸引；
C. displayed展示；gathers聚集，收集；D. contained包含；fascinates使……着迷。第一空需填非谓语动
词，The new Guangzhou Cultural Museum和所填词为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，排除 C项和 D
项；第二空，根据“with its rich cultural heritage”可知，表示吸引游客，排除 A项。故选 B。
8. By the time she ________ next year, Sarah ________ three internships, giving her a strong foundation for her
career in finance.
A. graduate; will complete B. graduates; will have completed
C. graduated; will be completed D. graduating; will be completing
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到明年毕业时，Sarah将完成三次实习，为她的金融职业生涯打下坚实的基
础。by the time引导时间状语从句，从句使用一般现在时表示将来，从句主语是 she，谓语动词使用第三
人称单数形式 graduates，主句表示截止到将来某个时间已经完成的动作，应用将来完成时，即 will have
completed。故选 B。
9. ________ mutual understanding, cultural exchange programs ________ among the countries participating in the
meeting currently.
A. Strengthening; is introduced B. Strengthened; is being introduced
C. Having strengthened; are introduced D. To strengthen; are being introduced
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态语态。句意：为了加强相互了解，目前正在参加会议的国家之间引入文化
交流项目。根据时间状语 currently可知，句子描述现阶段正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，introduce与
主语 cultural exchange programs之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语 cultural exchange programs是复
数，be动词使用 are，所以第二空填写 are being introduced，结合语意，文化交流项目被引入是为了加强相
互了解，所以第一空使用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故选 D。
10. ________ the weather is like, the marathon will continue as planned, with participants ________ to prepare for
rain or shine.
A. Whatever; advised B. However; advised
C. No matter what; being advised D. No matter how; being advised
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句和非谓语动词。句意：无论天气如何，马拉松比赛都将按计划继续进行，建议
参赛者做好风雨无阻的准备。第一空引导让步状语从句，且从句中缺少 like的宾语，应用 whatever或 no
matter what引导从句，第二空，with复合结构中，结合语意，advise与宾语 participants之间是逻辑被动关
系，且表示这一动作已经完成，应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故选 A。
11. A recent survey ________ 60% of US respondents believed social media platforms were evolving too fast,
________ 80% urged caution in introducing new features.
A. shows, since B. has shown, so C. showed, while D. had shown, as
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和连词。句意：最近的一项调查显示，60%的美国受访者认为社交媒体平台发展太快，
而 80%的受访者敦促在引入新功能时保持谨慎。A. shows, since显示，自从；B. has shown, so显示，所
以；C. showed, while显示，而；D. had shown, as显示，由于。根据句中 believed和 urged可知，句子描述
过去的情况，应用一般过去时，第一空动词使用过去式形式 showed，结合语意以及句子结构可知，60%
of US respondents believed social media platforms were evolving too fast和 80% urged caution in introducing
new features之间是对比关系，应用连词 while连接。故选 C。
12. ________ data leaks have become more common, worries about privacy are growing, and the chance
________ a person’s private details are at risk is getting higher.
A. Given that; whether B. Now that; that
C. But that; whether D. Except that; that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查原因状语从句和同位语从句。句意：由于数据泄露变得越来越普遍，对隐私的担忧也在增
加，一个人的私人信息面临风险的可能性也越来越高。A. Given that; whether鉴于，是否；B. Now that;
that由于，那；C. But that; whether但是，是否；D. Except that； that除此之外，那。结合语意可知，由于
数据泄露变得普遍，所以对隐私的担忧在增加，所以第一空应用 now that引导原因状语从句，第二空引导
同位语从句，解释说明名词 chance的内容，且从句中不缺少成分以及意义，应用 that引导从句。故选 B。
13. The information board ________ that all drones (无人机) under 250 grams must be registered with the local
flight agency before ________ in public areas.
A. reads; flew B. read; being flown C. reads; flying D. read; flying
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和动名词。句意：信息板上写着，所有 250克以下的无人机必须在当地飞行机构注册后
才能在公共区域飞行。read表示信息板上写着或显示着某个内容，句子描述的为法规，使用一般现在时
态，主语 The information board为单数意义，read使用第三人称单数形式；before为介词，后接动名词作
宾语。故选 C。
14. ________ governments have addressed the problem of affordable housing ________ their commitment to
providing accessible living options for all citizens
A. What; reflects B. That; reflects C. There; reflected D. Whether; reflected
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和时态。句意：政府已经解决了经济适用房问题，这反映了他们为所有公民提供无
障碍生活选择的承诺。第一空引导主语从句，且从句中不缺少成分以及意义，应用 that引导从句，置于句
首，首字母大写，第二空作主句谓语，根据句中 have addressed可知，主句描述现在的一般情况，应用一
般现在时，从句作主语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选 B。公众号：高中试卷君
15. Novels by authors such as Dickens and Austen are widely read, some of ________ works, however, are
sometimes difficult ________.
A. which, to comprehend B. whose, to comprehend
C. which, to be comprehended D. whose, to be comprehended
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意：狄更斯和奥斯汀等作家的小说被广泛阅读，但其中一些作品
有时很难理解。第一空处为“some of+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Dickens and
Austen，先行词与 works之间为所属关系，所以空处应用 whose引导从句，“主语+be+形容词+to do”为
固定句型，表示“……做某事是……的”，所以第二空应用动词不定式形式，且本句型中不定式使用主动
形式表示被动意义。故选 B。
二、阅读理解（共两节，满分 50分）
第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将
该项涂黑。
A
There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in the Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in
Antarctica and the female pioneers they’re named after.
Jones Terrace
The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica’s Victoria Land bears Jones’ name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M.
Jones led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied
chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of
rocks they had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley’s ice-
covered lakes.
Mount Fiennes
8,202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island—Alexander Island—is named after
Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic with her colleagues. In
1985, Fiennes became the first female invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals
who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region.
Francis Peak
The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first
female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of
fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the
continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.
Peden Cliffs
Peden Cliffs near Antarctica’s Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first
American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets.
Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio wave spread over long polar distances by measuring
pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice
sheets.
16. What do the first two pioneers have in common
A. They analyzed different chemicals of rocks in Antarctica.
B. They both worked with their own team in Antarctica.
C. They conducted the research in the ice-free areas in Antarctica.
D. They joined the Antarctic Club for their stay in Antarctica.
17. Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic
A. Lois M. Jones. B. Ginny Fiennes.
C. Dame Jane Francis. D. Irene Peden.
18. What is the scientific breakthrough of Irene Peden
A. She was the first American scientist to explore the Antarctic.
B. She measured the spreading frequencies of radio waves.
C. She found out the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.
D. She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctic.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位女性在探索南极洲方面取得的成就。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the
U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-
free area of Antarctica.(1969年，地球化学家 Lois M. Jones带领美国第一个全女性研究小组在南极洲工作。
Jones和她的团队研究了南极洲无冰地区麦克默多干谷的化学风化作用。)”和第三段的“She established
and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic with her colleagues.(她和同事们在南极建立并维护了
80英尺高的无线电发射塔。)”可知，Lois M. Jones领导了第一个在南极洲工作的美国全女性研究小组，
Ginny Fiennes和她的同事们一起在南极洲建立和维护无线电发射塔。 由此可知，前两位先驱的共同之处
在于她们都和自己的团队一起在南极洲工作。故选 B。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame
Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of
the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant
plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.(这座位于南极洲阿德
莱德岛上的 3727英尺高的山峰是以 Dame Jane Francis的名字命名的，她是英国南极调查局的第一位女性
主任。她在西摩岛收集的化石帮助她在 2021年的一篇论文中得出结论：南极洲丰富的植物化石表明，该
大陆曾
经有过比现在温暖得多的气候。)”可知，Dame Jane Francis根据在西摩岛收集的化石得出结论，南极洲
曾经的气候比现在暖和得多，因此 Dame Jane Francis证明了南极以前的高温。故选 C。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio wave spread
over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to
measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.(Peden和她的团队通过测量冰中的路径来确定低频无线电波
是如何在极长距离传播的。她们还使用不同的无线电波频率来测量南极洲冰盖的厚度。)”可知，Irene
Peden利用无线电波得出南极洲冰盖的厚度。故选 C。
B
Canadian author Alice Munro, a master of the contemporary short story, passed away on May 13, 2024, at 92.
Munro’s texts featured depictions of everyday but decisive events, pulling vast themes out of ordinary
settings. Her characters often mirrored her own rural Ontario lifestyle. In an interview after winning the Nobel
Prize, she said that living in a small town gave her the freedom to write. “I don’t think I could have been so brave
if I had been living in a city, competing with people on what can be called a generally higher cultural level,” she
said. “As far as I knew, at least for a while, I was the only person I knew who wrote stories.”
Munro’s first short story was published when she was 37, a college dropout squeezing in writing time around
her children’s naps. By the time she was in her 60s, she had become one of the most celebrated short-story writers
in the world. Throughout her long career, she hardly ever failed to wow readers and critics with her quietly
powerful language. In reviewing her last collection, Dear Life, NPR critic Alan Cheuse wrote “A Munro story
gives us so much life within the bounds of a single tale that it nourishes (滋养 ) us almost as much as a novel
does.”
In a literary culture that tends to celebrate novels over shorter fiction, Munro has been a constant advocate for
the power of the short story. In the interview, Munro emphasized the significance of her win not for herself, but for
her art form: “I really hope this would make people see the short story as an important art, not just something you
play around with until you get a novel written.”
When asked “Do you want young women to be inspired by your books and feel inspired to write ” Munro
replied, “I don’t care about that. I want people to find not so much inspiration as great joy. I want them to think of
my books as related to their own lives in ways.”
19. Why did Munro feel free to write while living in rural areas
A. She was inspired by rural landscape and lifestyles.
B. She was free from stress of a more cultured setting.
C. She had more courage to compete with urban writers.
D She had access to ordinary people and decisive events.
20. What did Alan Cheuse say about Munro’s stories in Dear Life
A. They promote readers’ mental well-being.
B. They have broken the length limit of short stories.
C. They impress readers with quietly powerful language.
D. They offer richness and depth in shorter format.
21. How did Munro view the short story in literary culture
A. It is more powerful than novels. B. It is a way of entertainment for young writers.
C. It is as important an art form as novels. D. It is an inspiration for young writers.
22. What did Munro want readers to get by reading her books
A. Inspiration to become writers themselves.
B. Enjoyment and connection to their own lives.
C. Pleasure and motivation to change their lives.
D. Information about art forms and literary culture.
【答案】19. B 20. D 21. C 22. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了加拿大作家爱丽丝·门罗（Alice Munro）的生平和她在短篇小
说领域的卓越贡献。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In an interview after winning the Nobel Prize, she said that living in a small town
gave her the freedom to write. “I don’t think I could have been so brave if I had been living in a city, competing
with people on what can be called a generally higher cultural level,” she said. “As far as I knew, at least for a while,
I was the only person I knew who wrote stories.”(在获得诺贝尔奖后的一次采访中，她说住在小镇给了她写作
的自由。她说：“如果我生活在一个城市，与人们在所谓的更高文化水平上竞争，我想我不会这么勇
敢。”“据我所知，至少在一段时间内，我是我认识的唯一一个写故事的人。”)”可知，门罗在农村生
活时可以自由写作，这是由于她不需要与更高文化水平的人们竞争，这免去了她的压力。故选 B。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In reviewing her last collection, Dear Life, NPR critic Alan Cheuse wrote “A Munro
story gives us so much life within the bounds of a single tale that it nourishes (滋养) us almost as much as a novel
does.”(在评论她的上一部作品集《亲爱的生活》时，美国国家公共电台评论家 Alan Cheuse写道：“门罗
的故事在一个故事的范围内给了我们如此多的生命，它几乎和小说一样滋养着我们。”)”可知，Alan
Cheuse认为门罗作品集《亲爱的生活》中的故事即使在较短的篇幅中也提供了丰富的内容和深度，几乎
像小说一样滋养读者。故选 D。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“I really hope this would make people see the short story as an important art, not just
something you play around with until you get a novel written.(我真地希望这能让人们把短篇小说视为一种重要
的艺术，而不仅仅是你在写小说之前玩的东西)”可知，门罗认为短篇小说也需要被视为一种重要的艺
术，即它和小说一样重要。故选 C。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“I don’t care about that. I want people to find not so much inspiration as great joy. I
want them to think of my books as related to their own lives in ways.(我不在乎。我希望人们找到的与其说是灵
感，不如说是巨大的快乐。我希望他们认为我的书在某种程度上与他们自己的生活有关)”可知，门罗希
望人们通过阅读她的书获得巨大的快乐，并且希望人们认为她的书与自己的生活有关，即门罗希望读者享
受并与自己的生活产生联系。故选 B。
C
Handwriting notes in class might seem old-fashioned as digital technology affects nearly every aspect of
learning. But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and paper is still the
best way to learn, especially for young children.
The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes quickly, without thinking
much about what they’re writing-but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively pay attention to and
process the incoming information. This conscious action of building on existing knowledge can make it easier for
students to stay engaged and grasp new concepts.
To understand specific brain-activity differences during the two note-taking approaches, the authors of the
new study sewed 256 electrodes (电极 ) into a hairnet. These sensors let the scientists record 36 students’ brain
activity as they wrote or typed words displayed on a screen. When students wrote by hand, the sensors picked up
widespread brain connectivity throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information, and the
motor cortex (运动皮层) that helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person’s next action. Typing,
however, resulted in minimal activity in these brain regions.
Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the recent study highlights the
clear tie between physical actions and concept understanding, “As you’re writing a word, you’re taking this
continuous understanding of something and using motor system to create it.” That creation then affects the visual
system, where
it’s processed again-strengthening the connection between an action and the words associated with it.
Vinci-Booher notes that the new findings don’t mean technology is always a disadvantage in the classroom.
Digital devices can be more efficient for writing essays and offer more equal access to educational resources.
However, there’s a growing trend of relying on digital devices to perform cognitive (认知的) tasks, such as taking
photos instead of memorizing information. Yadurshana Sivashankar, an researcher at the University of Waterloo
says, “If we’re not actively using these areas, then they are going to become worse over time, whether it’s memory
or motor skills.”
23. Why does the author mention the 2014 study
A. To present different research findings. B. To make the new research more convincing
C. To compare two note taking approaches. D. To show the advantage of writing slowly
24. What can be learned from the experiment in Paragraph 3
A. Sensors were used to process visual information.
B. Electrodes were connected to students’ hair directly.
C. Writing by hand activated more brain activity than typing.
D. Typing stimulated the motor cortex to inform following action.
25. What would Sophia Vinci-Booher probably advise students to do
A. Make better use of motor system. B. Take advantage of digital devices.
C. Adopt a new approach to taking notes. D. Memorize words by writing essays.
26. What is the main idea of the text
A. Technology is not a disadvantage in classroom.
B. Writing by hand comes with learning benefits.
C. Taking notes enhances students’ brain activity.
D. Two note-taking approaches have clear differences.
【答案】23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究表明手写笔记能增强学习效果，尤其是对儿童而言。手
写可激活大脑视觉和运动区域，促进信息加工与概念理解，优于键盘输入。然而科技在教育中仍有其价
值，关键在于平衡使用。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The new research builds on a 2014 study that suggested people may type notes
quickly, without thinking much about what they’re writing-but writing by hand is slower and makes them actively
pay attention to and process the incoming information. (这项新的研究建立在 2014年的一项研究的基础上，该
研究表明，人们可能会快速打字，而不会过多考虑自己在写什么，但手写速度较慢，会让他们积极关注和
处理收到的信息。)”可知，新的研究建立在 2014年的研究的基础上，所以作者提及 2014年的研究是为
了让新的研究更具说服力。故选 B项。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When students wrote by hand, the sensors picked up widespread brain connectivity
throughout visual regions that receive and process sensory information, and the motor cortex (运动皮层) that
helps the brain use environmental inputs to inform a person’s next action. Typing, however, resulted in minimal
activity in these brain regions. (当学生用手写字时，传感器在接收和处理感官信息的视觉区域以及帮助大脑
利用环境输入来通知一个人下一步行动的运动皮层中发现了广泛的大脑连接。然而，打字导致这些大脑区
域的活动极小。)”可知，手写可以激活大脑更广泛区域的活动，相比之下，打字只在这些区域产生了最
小的活动，由此可知，手写比打字更能激活大脑活动。故选 C项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Vanderbilt University educational neuroscientist Sophia Vinci-Booher says the
recent study highlights the clear tie between physical actions and concept understanding, “As you’re writing a
word, you’re taking this continuous understanding of something and using motor system to create it.” That
creation then affects the visual system, where it’s processed again-strengthening the connection between an action
and the words associated with it. (范德比尔特大学教育神经科学家 Sophia Vinci Booher表示，最近的研究强
调了身体动作和概念理解之间的明确联系，“当你写一个单词时，你正在对某物进行持续的理解，并使用
运动系统来创造它。”然后，这种创造会影响视觉系统，在视觉系统中，它被再次处理，加强了动作与相
关单词之间的联系。)”可知，Sophia Vinci Booher认为写单词可以增进持续的理解，所以 Sophia Vinci
Booher可能会建议学生通过写文章来记忆单词。故选 D项。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“But a recent study in Frontiers in Psychology suggests that taking notes with pen and
paper is still the best way to learn, especially for young children. (但《心理学前沿》最近的一项研究表明，用
笔和纸做笔记仍然是最好的学习方式，尤其是对儿童来说。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了手写
笔记能增强学习效果，有助于学习。故选 B项。
D
The more scientists investigate the microbes (微生物 ) living inside us, the more they learn about the
surprising impact of the tiny organisms on how we look, act, think, and feel. Are our health and well-being really
driven by the bacteria, viruses and fungi that live in our intestines (肠), in our lungs, on our skin, on our eyeballs
What a weird
concept — that the bugs we carry around appear to be essential to establishing the basic nature of who we are.
The effects of the microbiome, the microorganisms that exist in human body, can be profound and can start
incredibly early. In a study, scientists showed that something supposedly as natural as a child’s character might be
related to the bacteria in an infant’s digestive system; the more Bifidobacterium (双歧杆菌) there are, the sunnier
the baby is. This observation, from the University of Turku in Finland, is based on an analysis of samples from
301 babies. Those with the highest proportion of Bifidobacterium organisms at two months old were more likely to
exhibit a trait the researchers called “positive emotionality” at six months old.
Microbiome science is still relatively young. Most studies so far have been initial and small-scale, involving
only a dozen or so mice or humans. Scientists have found associations between the microbiome and disease but
can’t yet draw clear cause-and-effect conclusions about our extensive collection of microorganisms and their
effects on us as hosts. Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling — it’s now thought to be around 38 trillion
microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells. And the prospects
for putting that collection to use are more than promising.
In the not-too-distant future, according to the most enthusiastic researchers, it might be a routine for us to take
a dose of healthy microbes in various forms. Hopefully, with the help of new medical advances, we will be able to
achieve our full potential by functioning at peak levels internally and externally.
27. What can we learn about microbiome
A. The development of microbiome is quite mature nowadays.
B. The more Bifidobacterium an adult has, the healthier one is.
C. More microbes than human cells are present in young men.
D. Microbes have little influence on shaping our identity
28. What does the underlined word “mind-boggling” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Weakening. B. Astonishing. C. Disturbing. D. Misleading.
29. What can be inferred from the text
A. It’s necessary to remove certain fungi from our body.
B. 2-month-old babies are often more positive than 6-month-old ones.
C. New supplements related to microbiome are likely being developed
D. The relationship between microorganisms and disease remains unclear.
30. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. How microbes benefit our health.
B. How microbes shape our lives.
C. What affects early childhood.
D. What Turku University reveals about microbes.
【答案】27 C 28. B 29. D 30. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了微生物对于身体的影响以及科学家对微生物研究发展状况。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling—it’s now thought to be around
38 trillion microbes for a typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells. (尽管如
此，这些收集本身是令人难以置信的——现在被认为是一个典型的年轻成年男性大约有 38万亿个微生
物，比实际的人类细胞数量略多。)”可知，年轻男性身上的微生物比人类细胞数量略多。故选 C。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段划线词后的句子“it’s now thought to be around 38 trillion microbes for a
typical young adult male, slightly more than the number of actual human cells. (现在被认为是一个典型的年轻成
年男性大约有 38万亿个微生物，比实际的人类细胞数量略多。)”得出的结论是成年男性有 38万亿个微
生物，数量非常的大，比实际的人类细胞数量略多；“Still, the collection itself is mind-boggling(尽管
如此，微生物的自身数量还是 mind-boggling)”指的是数量之大是非常惊人的，mind-boggling意为“惊人
的”，与 astonishing意思相近。故选 B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Scientists have found associations between the microbiome and disease
but can’t yet draw clear cause-and-effect conclusions about our extensive collection of microorganisms and their
effects on us as hosts. (科学家们已经发现了微生物群和疾病之间的联系，但还不能就我们广泛收集的微生
物及其对我们作为宿主的影响得出明确的因果关系结论。)”可知，科学家虽然发现微生物群和疾病之间
有联系，但是没有证据证明其中的因果关系；因此，微生物与疾病之间的关系尚不清楚。故选 D。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文、尤其根据文章第一段“The more scientists investigate the microbes (微生物) living
inside us, the more they learn about the surprising impact of the tiny organisms on how we look, act, think, and
feel. Are our health and well-being really driven by the bacteria, viruses and fungi that live in our intestines (肠),
in our lungs, on our skin, on our eyeballs What a weird concept — that the bugs we carry around appear to be
essential to establishing the basic nature of who we are.(科学家对生活在我们体内的微生物(微生物)研究得越
多，他们就越了解这些微小的有机体对我们的外表、行为、思维和感觉的惊人影响。我们的健康和幸福真
的是由生活在我们的肠道、肺部、皮肤和眼球上的细菌、病毒和真菌驱动的吗？多么奇怪的概念——我们
随身携带的细菌似乎是建立我们是谁的基本本质所必需的。)”以及第二段“The effects of the microbiome,
the microorganisms that exist in human body, can be profound and can start incredibly early. (微生物群，即存在
于人体内的微生物，其影响可能是深远的，而且可能在很早的时候就开始了。)”可知，本文主要阐述研
究表明，存在与人体内的微生物群数量惊人，对人类的外表、行为、思维和感觉的惊人影响，这种影响可
能产生较早且是深远的，而且微生物群和疾病之间的联系；选项 B“How microbes shape our lives.(微生物
如何塑造我们的生活。)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作本文的标题。故选 B。
第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选
项。
On a large scale, making the world a better place can seem challenging. ___31___ As a leader, your
perspectives and ideas can directly impact your community for the better. Here are some ways to make an impact
and grow your leadership through emotional intelligence.
___32___ Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust, which lays the foundation
for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships. As a result, people are more likely to share openly and
honestly. Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results.
Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire someone into
action. Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and talents. ___33___ An
example of what this could sound like is, “Wow! I am blown away by your project. What I see possible for you is
to share with the rest of the team how to do it too.”
Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles. Start by connecting with your
peers and ask them about causes they’re already involved in. ___34___ There is almost no limit to the impact you
can create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers. With a little time, you can make a big
difference.
Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill. When you share with others, you’re teaching
them something special about you and your journey. Imagine what would be possible if your community was in
the mode of cooperation and contribution. This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. ___35___
A. Show your kindness and respect to others.
B. This informs them that they are appreciated.
C. As your conversation continues, ask what is needed.
D. Support your friends and colleagues by listening actively.
E. When you are in contribution to others you make a positive impact.
F. As a leader, you have your own unique set of strengths and knowledge.
G. One person may not change the world, but you can make a positive impact daily.
【答案】31. G 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了如何通过情商提升领导力，从而在社区中产生积极影响。
【31题详解】
根据上文的“On a large scale, making the world a better place can seem challenging. (从大的角度来看，让世
界变得更美好似乎具有挑战性。)”和下文的“As a leader, your perspectives and ideas can directly impact
your community for the better. Here are some ways to make an impact and grow your leadership through
emotional intelligence.(作为一个领导者，你的观点和想法可以直接影响你的社区，使其变得更好。这里有
一些方法可以让你通过情商产生影响并提高你的领导力。)”可知，G项(一个人可能改变不了世界，但你
可以每天都产生积极的影响。)承接上文，说明了一个人可以根据自己的实际情况为改变世界做出自己的
一份贡献，下文指出了你的努力可以影响到你所在的社区，接下来后文具体指出如何去做。故选 G项。
【32题详解】
根据下文的“Being able to provide a safe space through deep listening creates trust, which lays the foundation
for meaningful relationships and fruitful partnerships. As a result, people are more likely to share openly and
honestly. Empathy and listening will increase the quality of your relationships and skyrocket your results.(能够通
过深度倾听提供一个安全的空间可以创造信任，这为有意义的关系和富有成效的伙伴关系奠定了基础。因
此，人们更有可能公开和诚实地分享。同理心和倾听会提高你的人际关系质量，并促使你的工作效果快速
变好。)”可知，本段谈的是倾听的重要性，D项(积极倾听，支持你的朋友和同事。)可以作为本段的话题
句。故选 D项。
【33题详解】
根据上文的“Making a positive impact can also be as simple as taking the time to acknowledge and inspire
someone into action. Taking time to acknowledge someone by letting them know you see their efforts and
talents. (产生积极影响也可以很简单，只要花时间去认可并激励某人采取行动。花点时间认可别人，让他
们知道你看到了他们的努力和才能。)”和下文的“An example of what this could sound like is, “Wow! I am
blown away by your project. What I see possible for you is to share with the rest of the team how to do it too.”(听
起来可以的一个例子是，“哇！我对你的项目很感兴趣。我认为你有可能与团队的其他成员分享如何做到
这一点。”)”可知，B项(这让他们知道自己是被欣赏的。)承接上文，指出了认可并激励某人采取行动会
让他们知道自己是被欣赏的，下文举例说明如何认可并激励某人采取行动。故选 B项。
【34题详解】
根据上文的“Get involved with your already existing communities and networking circles. Start by connecting
with your peers and ask them about causes they’re already involved in. (加入你已经存在的社区和网络圈子。从
联系你的同事开始，询问他们已经参与的事业。)”和下文的“There is almost no limit to the impact you can
create contributing to a cause that matters to you and your peers. With a little time, you can make a big
difference.(对你和你的同龄人来说，你所能创造的影响几乎是没有限制的。只需要一点点时间，你就能做
出很大的改变。)”可知，C项(随着对话的进行，询问需要什么。)承接上文，指出了通过与同事沟通来了
解需要做点什么事情，下文说明了只要投入时间，就可以带来积极的影响。故选 C项。
【35题详解】
根据上文的“Sharing your knowledge and strengths is another essential skill. When you share with others, you’re
teaching them something special about you and your journey. Imagine what would be possible if your community
was in the mode of cooperation and contribution. This approach creates new ideas and opportunities. (分享你的知
识和优势是另一项基本技能。当你和别人分享时，你在教他们一些关于你和你的旅程的特别的东西。想象
一下，如果你的社区是在合作和贡献的模式下，会有什么可能。这种方法创造了新的想法和机会。)”可
知，本段讲的是你为他人做事情的一个做法，即分享你的知识和优势去帮助他人，E项(当你为他人做贡
献时，你就会产生积极的影响。)承接上文，进行总结，指出你只要为他人做一些贡献，那你就会产生积
极的影响。故选 E项。
三、语言运用（共两节，满分 37.5分）
第一节：完形填空（共 15个小题；每小题 1.5分，满分 22.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最
佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At one night in July 2020 in Reykjavik, Halli was wandering around the city’s main street with his wife and
two kids. During their walk, his three-year-old son was ___36___ and wanted a drink from the corner store. But
Halli soon discovered he couldn’t help with the ___37___ request: A 20-centimetre step ___38___ his access to
the store.
The barrier was all too ___39___. Born with muscular dystrophy (肌肉萎缩 ), which causes progressive
___40___ and loss of muscle, Halli, now 46, has been using a wheelchair since he was 25.
As he ___41___ his wife and children outside the shop, he recalls, “I thought about how very strange it is that
we always ___42___ families in this way.”
Living all over the world as a creative director and digital designer, Halli had ___43___ first hand how
different cities consider and plan for accessibility, from ramps (坡道) and sidewalks to public transportation. He
decided to start with a project to make Iceland wheelchair ___44___.
Ramp Up Reykjavik launched as a non-profit in 2021 with a ____45____ to build 100 ramps within 1 year.
Unlike temporary solutions in other cities, these ramps are ____46____ structures that match the beauty of
buildings.
With the help of government funding and other sponsors, the Ramp Up team finished ahead of schedule and
has ____47____ its scope to all of Iceland. In three short years, Hali has become a ____48____ in his hometown.
Halli is proud that Ramp Up has ____49____ others to act. “Equal access to society is ____50____ not something
that is a reality yet,” says Hali. But as he’s learned, change starts with just one person.
36. A. anxious B. thirsty C. exhausted D. hungry
37. A. special B. funny C. simple D. childish
38. A. replaced B. ruined C. supported D. blocked
39. A. surprising B. familiar C. unique D. c